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Surgical residency training is acknowledged as being stressful, however the degree of stress, factors causing it, methods of coping with it, and the incidence of substance abuse has not been previously studied in our environment. We therefore used a self-administered questionnaire to survey 100 Nigerian Surgical Residents of whom 72 responded in September 1995. Our result shows that our residents spend 39.8, 36.8 and 23.3 percent of their time on patient care, educational activities and...

Abstract The AIDS pandemic in Africa has led to efforts aimed at changing human behavior that lead to infection. Various models exist that have potential for explaining. AIDS-preventive behavior. The Health Belief Model (HBM), which has been tested in the U.S., is used to examine such behavior in a sample of students in Ghana. Findings from the study indicate gender differences in terms of AIDS-preventive behavior and self-efficacy associated with it. These findings suggest a need for...

Introduction: There are many problems associated with continuing medical education in developing countries. For clinicians in district hospitals the difficulties can be extreme, including having little access to relevant literature or contact with colleagues. "World Anaesthesia" addressed these problems in two key areas:1. to improve the level of anaesthetic training among non-specialists working in district hospitals2. the introduction and exposure to appropriate anaesthetic technology,...

Connue pour etre une region peu polluee, Setif aura du mal a garder pendant longtemps cette reputation quelque peu surfaite. En effet, cette etude met en evidence une pollution biologique des eaux superficielles qui affecte serieusement son environnement. Les effluents urbains et industriels sont deverses dans l’oued Boussellam sans traitement prealable. La demande biologique d’oxygene a 5 jours et la demande chimique en oxygene ont des valeurs trop elevees par rapport aux normes algeriennes...

Vitamin A deficiency is known to be associated with immune dysfunction and common childhood infections. However, little is known about the relationship between vitamin A deficiency and onchocerciasis in children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and to investigate the relationship between vitamin A status and onchocerciasis. A total of 231 children, aged 6 to 15 years, were randomly selected between March 1995 and April 1996 at Yambassa and...

Abstracts English: Certain factors such as spatial, thermal, visual, acoustic and aesthetic have considerable impact on learning environments. This paper examines how these factors singly or together affect learners and the system. Suggestions are made to education bodies to put emphasis on appropriate environments for learning, and to encourage teachers properly to select and use media in instruction.

Educational TheoryVolume 49, Issue 3 p. 359-379 CONCEPTUALIZING A DU BOISIAN PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION: TOWARD A MODEL FOR AFRICAN-AMERICAN EDUCATION Derrick P. Alridge, Derrick P. Alridge Assistant Professor of Social Foundations of Education, University of Georgia, 630 Aderhold Hall, Athens, GA 30602-7177. His primary areas of scholarship are African-American and U.S. educational philosophy, intellectual history, and historical policy analysis.Search for more papers by this author Derrick P....

Abstract: Following three years development of the computer curriculum at Sacred Heart College Primary School, the findings of a descriptive evaluation suggest, unexpectedly, an approach to curriculum resembling a limited form of social reconstructionism presenting opportunities to bridge divides which historically have separated pupils in South Africa. The evidence suggests “ideal” use in this school is linked to creative uses of computers as “tools” rather than linked to “adjunct” use or...

A cohort of South African children with myelomeningocele was followed for 5 years. Fifty-three were from metropolitan Cape Town and 65 from rural areas including the tribal region of Transkei. The mean general developmental quotient (GQ) at 5 years of age was lower than that previously reported. Black and coloured children had lower GQs than white children, but there were no significant differences between those from the urban and the rural areas. Early closure of the lesion and delivery by...

Purpose: To characterize the course of cognitive impairment in a longitudinal study of elderly community-dwelling African Americans and to identify factors associated with progression to dementia. Methods: Research subjects were volunteers in the Indianapolis Study of Health and Aging, a community-based study of the prevalence and risk factors of dementia among African Americans. A random sample of 2,212 persons was interviewed and a subset of these subjects, weighted toward those with older...

HIV/AIDS incidence terrible as it is already in sub-Saharan Africa will get worse if concerted efforts are not put in place to tackle it urgently. Most of the AIDS education programs in Nigeria are through the mass media television radio and newspapers which are not accessible to most prison inmates due to government policy. In spite of this prison adult education does not include AIDS education. With total confinement of prison inmates and the absence of conjugal visits and parole given the...

The 2.7–2.0 Ga volcano-sedimentary records of the African, Indian and Australian cratons indicate two broadly defined periods of extensive drowning of the emergent continental areas, concomitant with lowered freeboard. Carbonate-banded iron formation (BIF) platforms characterised the first such event, at ca 2.6–2.4 Ga (Africa and Australia) to 2.7 Ga (India). These earlier globally enhanced sea levels are ascribed to increased mid-ocean ridge activity, possibly related to breakup of a...

This study reports opinions from a cross-section of African American high school students from various cities, high school types, and family circumstances about their considerations of higher education institution type (HBCU or PWI). Exploring considerati ons rather than final selection provides a more comprehensive, expansive view of these students' selection and college choice process. The findings suggest that type of high schools attended and cultural affinity are among the range of influences consider ed.

This study presents new major and trace element and Sr–Nd isotopic results for a suite of Miocene–Recent mafic lavas from the Kivu volcanic province in the western branch of the East African Rift. These lavas exhibit a very wide range in chemical and isotopic characteristics, due to a lithospheric mantle source region that is heterogeneous on a small scale, probably <1 km. The chemical and isotopic variations are mostly geographically controlled: lavas from Tshibinda volcano, which lies on a...

The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 959 was drilled in the northern border of the Côte d'Ivoire–Ghana Ridge at a water depth of 2100 m. Pleistocene total thickness does not exceed 20 m. Winnowing processes resulted in a low accumulation rate and notable stratigraphic hiatuses. During the Late Pleistocene, bottom circulation was very active and controlled laminae deposition (contourites) which increased the concentration of glauconitic infillings of foraminifera, and of volcanic glass and...