The analysis of the Education Management Information System (EMIS) and its suitability for managing educational quality in Kenyan schools - Otunga, Maurice F. (1995)
The purpose of the study was to present ideas to improve capacities in data processing, collection, storage, analysis and supply. As a result educational planners, managers and partners can be availed with reliable and timely data and information, promote the use of relevant information and eliminate duplications. [Continues.]
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Providing reading materials for the visually handicapped in Kenya - Owino, Ongowo Richard (African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 1995)
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Civic Education for Political Participation: A Case Study of a Kenyan NGO's Efforts - Owiti, Maurice D Okech (1995)
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The Role of NGOs in Human Rights Education: Lessons from Kenya - Owiti, Maurice D Okech (1995)
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A socially contextualized model of African American identity: Possible selves and school persistence. - Oyserman, Daphna; Gant, Larry M.; Ager, Joel W. (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1995)
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Teaching Notes: Responding to Students Responding to African-American Texts - Papazian, Gretchen D (1995)
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The Afrikan American Living Learning Center: Understanding The Collegiate Experience for African American Students Living in an Ethnic Enclave on a Predominately White Campus / - Parker, Rebecca Lee (1995)
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Genesis of acid volcanics along the main Ethiopian rift: a case history of the Gedemsa volcano - Peccerillo, A.; Yirgu, Gezahegn; Dereje, A. (Sinet, 1995)
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Tanzanian educational policy: effects on women's participation in formal education - Peera, Rishma (1995)
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Education in the Development of Tanzania 1919–1990 - Peil, Margaret (African Affairs, 1995)
Journal Article Education in the Development of Tanzania 1919–1990 Get access Education in the Development of Tanzania 1919–1990, by Lene Buchert. James Currey, 1994. xv+192. £35 hardback; £14.95 paperback. 0–85255–709–4 and 0–85255–704–3. MARGARET PEIL MARGARET PEIL University of Birmingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 94, Issue 374, January 1995, Pages 127–128, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098784 Published: 01 January 1995
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World Bank loans for education: possibilities and pitfalls for South Africa - Perry, Heather; Johnson, DF; Crossley, Michael W (1995)
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Drought Monitoring and Information Centre Established for Arid Zone of South Africa - Pisani, L.G. du; Themaat, R. Verloren van; Roux, Francis (1995)
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Protected area conservation strategy (PARCS) : training needs and opportunities among protected areas managers in eastern, central, and southern Africa - Pitkin, Barbara (1995)
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Teacher involvement in decision-making in South Africa - Poo, B; Hoyle, E (1995)
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Individual and institutional factors that affect the success of African-American graduate and professional school students. - Presley, Cheryl Lorraine (1995)
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Individual and institutional factors that affect the success of African-American graduate and professional school students. - Presley, Cheryl Lorraine (Deep Blue (University of Michigan), 1995)
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The Ubuntu approach to teaching systems development: report on a South African study in progress - Pretorius, J. H. O.; Scheepers, Helana (1995)
The paper looks at the problem of teaching an undergraduate systems development course which would enable students to develop systems which are functionally correct, and to be socially sensitive to the impact of such systems on users and the organization. >
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The effects of "Twende na Wakati" an entertainment-education radio soap opera for family planning and HIV / AIDS prevention in Tanzania. A progress report on the first year of broadcasting (1993-1994) "Twende na Wakati". - Pw, Vaughan; Em, Rogers; Rm, Swalehe (1995)
This report covers the first year (1993-94) in which an entertainment-education radio soap opera was broadcast in most of Tanzania to promote family planning (FP) and HIV/AIDS prevention. The effects of the radio program on knowledge attitudes and behavior were measured using 1) annual surveys of 3000 respondents 2) clinic data on new acceptors of FP in 79 clinics 3) focus group interviews with members of the target audience 4) an analysis of the letters written to the radio station 5) a survey of a sample of the letter-writers 6) condom distribution data from the National AIDS program and 7) a content analysis of the soap opera scripts. Comparison data were gleaned from a control area in which the soap opera was not broadcast. The results of this investigation showed that the program achieved relatively high exposure and was attractive to listeners. Exposure led to only a modest increase in knowledge of FP and of HIV/AIDS prevention and modest changes in attitude toward FP because a high level of awareness and a positive attitude existed in Tanzania prior to the broadcasts. Behavior changes after exposure however showed an increase in use of FP from 19% to 28%. About 26% of new acceptors at the clinics attributed FP adoption to the radio show. Respondents also reported adopting HIV/AIDS prevention behavior changes. This radio show was aimed at both men and women and 46% of listeners reported discussing the show with their partners/spouses. Future investigations will look at the promotion of self-efficacy by the program to determine its effect on behavior change. At the end of the second year of broadcasts a final report will be issued.
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A Study of the Effect of a Small area Games Programme on the Health-Related Fitness Level of Secondary Schools Students in Kenya. - R, Wangui Mugo (1995)
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Teacher and pupil perceptions on the role of principals in the new educational dispensation in South Africa - Radebe, Ntombi Gladys (1995)
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Obstacles Faced by African American Women Administrators in Higher Education: How They Cope. - Ramey, Felicenne H. (Western journal of black studies, 1995)
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A comparative review of programs for adult education in Lesotho and the lessons that South Africa can learn from them - Ramsamuj, Shamnath. (1995)
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Shuters-Macmillan new secondary school atlas for South Africa - Ranby, Peter (1995)
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[Making the subsistence farming in Zangbulung, Ghana more effective: Energy and environment in Ghana [students' study]] - Rasmussen, Kathryn; Gamborg, S.; Nedenskov, Jonas; Nielsen, Jonas Østergaard; Gundersen, M. (1995)
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Integrating Gender into Environmental Education in Africa - Rathgeber, Eva M. (Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 1995)
ABSTRACT This paper argues that the integration of a gender dimension into environmental education curricula will promote both environmental conscientization and environmental responsibility among African school children. The paper focuses on the environmental education curriculum in the African context, arguing that, to some extent, the emphasis on environment has been donor-driven. The paper provides a brief overview of the current teaching and content of environmental education, with special focus on gender issues. Attention then turns to some key findings that have emerged from research on gender and environment during the past decade, using the example of forestry to illustrate the complexity of African women's interaction with the natural environment. The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential of gender analysis as a methodology to enable children to achieve better understanding of human management of the natural environment.
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Language and the Skills of Oracy in Traditional African Education. - Reagan, Timothy (Journal of research and development in education, 1995)
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Environmental education and research in southern Africa: a landscape of shifting priorities - Rensburg, Van; Janse, Eureta (1995)
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Sécheresse, migration, aménagement du territoire en Mauritanie / Drought, migration and regional development in Mauritania - Retaillé, Denis (Revue de géographie de Lyon, 1995)
La sécheresse est une "explication" et une justification bien commodes des mutations territoriales. Encore faut-il être sûr que les sociétés l'enregistrent mécaniquement. Ce n'est pas le cas en Mauritanie où les mouvements migratoires comme la sédentarisation obéissent à des schémas sociaux et spatiaux beaucoup plus subtils que le grand balayage zonal évoqué par la descente des isohyètes. Même les options régionales pour l'aménagement du territoire enregistrent une diversité de situations conduisant à des spécialisations régionales. Dans le même mouvement, nous voyons renaître une forme ancienne de l'organisation de l'espace sahélo-saharien : la complémentarité locale par une société fondée sur la circulation plus que sur la production.
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Field training in the South African Police Service - Reynecke, F. J. (1995)
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Geochemistry of the mafic/ultramafic volcanic associations of the Nondweni greenstone belt, South Africa, and constraints on their petrogenesis - Riganti, A (Lithos, 1995)
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Geochemistry of the mafic/ultramafic volcanic associations of the Nondweni greenstone belt, South Africa, and constraints on their petrogenesis - Riganti, Angela; Wilson, A. H. (Lithos, 1995)
The 3.4 Ga Nondweni greenstone belt is situated near the southern margin of the Kaapvaal Craton and consists of predominantly pillowed and spinifex-textured volcanic rocks. Primary volcanic structures and compositional characteristics of this succession are unique in currently known Archaean geology. None of the lavas exceeds 23% MgO (anhydrous) and pyroxene rather than olivine dominates the crystallisation assemblages. Lower MgO, higher SiO2 contents and different incompatible trace element ratios (e.g. lower Ti/Zr) of the mafic/ultramafic lithotypes distinguish the Nondweni greenstone belt from the Barberton and other Archaean belts. The geochemistry permits subdivision into five categories: komatiites, komatiitic basalts, komatiitic andesites, basalts and basaltic andesites. Progressive fractionation or partial melting of a discrete mantle source, although supported by co-linearity on some variation diagrams, cannot account for a group of incompatible-depleted basaltic rocks or for the high silica content of some komatiitic andesites. Contamination of mafic/ultramafic melts by felsic material is supported by isotopic data, but cannot alone account for SiO2 contents of up to 58% in some of the komatiitic rocks. REE chemistry also argues against consaguinuity of the various rock-types. The komatiites have (Gd/Yb)N > 1, and are either LREE-depleted or LREE-enriched. Komatiitic basalts and komatiitic andesites are invariably LREE-enriched, but the latter show overall depletion in REE relative to the komatiitic basalts. A similar relation characterises the basalts and basaltic andesites. Polybaric melting of a mantle source and contamination by sialic crust followed by fractional crystallisation may explain the compositional characteristics of the Nondweni lavas.
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A knowledge, attitude and practice survey on sexually transmitted diseases among undergraduate students in a university in Kenya. - Rm, Rukaria Kaumbutho; Sekadde-Kigondu, C; Jb, Oyieke (PubMed, 1995)
In this study, 273 university students (161 men and 112 women) were interviewed by means of a self-administered questionnaire to determine their knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The mean age of the men was 22.4 +or- 1.6 years and that of the women was 22.1 +or- 1.6 years. 97.4% of the students were sexually experienced. Knowledge of common STDs was high, but knowledge of their signs, symptoms, and consequences was low. 24.5% of the male and 3.7% of the female students had had an STD. The principal sources of information on STDs included books, films, and TV for 39.6% of the students and teachers for 16.8% of the students. Parents played a very minimal role. It is suggested that primary and secondary school students be taught about STDs as part of reproductive health education and that such education be continued at the college level in order to increase the awareness among young people.
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The impact of climate change on disease in the SADC region (a study commissioned by the WWF and Climate Research Unit, Norwich), Harare, Zimbabwe. 30-31 October 1995. - Rogers, D.J. (1995)
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Climate change and deforestation in West Africa: a space-time trend analysis of rainfall series from Côte d'Ivoire and Liberia - Rompaey, R.S.A.R. van (1995)
Rainfall series (1920–1990) from 11 stations from Côte d'Ivoire and 19 stations from Liberia have been analysed for pseudo-cyclic trends. Standardized deviations from the station's mean through time were plotted separately for the Ivorian stations where extensive deforestation occurred and the Liberian stations where deforestation was less extensive. The 5 year running mean through these deviations did not show a different pattern for the two sets of stations. It is thus concluded that the droughts of the seventies and eighties in West Africa are to be related to decadal variations in ocean surface temperature, and not to deforestation or more intensive land use on the African continent.
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Republic of Kenya Ministry of Education Final Report of Synthesis of Case Study Findings - Rono, Ruthie C; Migwi, James; Sifuna, Daniel N.; Ngau, Margaret M.; Waudo, Judith N.; Abagi, Jared O.; Odhiambo, Joshua S.; Gichaga, Shiphrah N. (1995)
A Report by Prof. Ruthie Rono, Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs at United States International University - Africa.
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Factors contributing to African-American students' success at an historically Black college - Ross, Marilyn J. (1995)
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An environmental education centre for Kenya - Roth, Richard M. (1995)
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Perspectives on pedagogy in teacher education: The case of Namibia - Rowell, Patricia M. (International Journal of Educational Development, 1995)
This paper examines the conceptualization of pedagogical practice in the reform of a teacher education program in Namibia. Through an analysis of the views of knowledge, learning and teaching presented in government policy statements for educational reform and in beliefs and concerns expressed by a group of teacher educators, the study explores the perspectives on pedagogy. The possible obstacles to a radical shift in practice are discussed in light of these perspectives and suggestions for scaffolding the reform are made.
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Management training for restructuring of the health sector in South Africa. - Ruck, N; Heywood, Anita E.; Sanders, David; Strachan, Brigid (PubMed, 1995)
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Pesticides pollution in Tanzania - Rusibamayila, C. (1995)
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Hygiene education in Zambia - Ryan, Jean Rogers (1995)
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Computer education in developing countries: the Sudan case - Sagahyroon, Assim (1995)
In Africa the heady optimism of the independence years has given way to mounting international concern as the development process has faltered. In the education sector, despite the impressive achievements that have been made in educational systems in some African countries, the present situation provides little grounds for complacency. Symptoms of decline are evident throughout the continent. In many ways Sudan exemplifies the problems facing the continent. In recent years this nation has suffered from environmental disasters such as drought and desertification leading to famine in some parts of the country, political instability and its ramifications, and a civil war that has been going on for more than a decade. We address the impact of information technology, in particular computers, on the educational system in the Sudan. An attempt is made to analyze the situation and critical issues are discussed. We feel that these issues are common to a majority of the African countries.
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Assessment of metals pollution in the sediments of lake burullus, s.e. Mediterranean, egypt - Sammak, A.A. El; El-Sabrouti, M. A. (1995)
تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى تقدير نسبة العناصر الثقيلة الموجودة في رواسب بحيرة البرلس . وقد تم تحليل عناصر النحاس والرصاص و الزنك والكاديوم باستخدام جهاز البلازما . وتم حساب معامل حمل التلوث على النحو التالي الكاديوم ˂ الرصاص ˂ النحاس ˂ الزنك. وجد ارتباط بين مستوى التلوث بالعناصر الثقيلة في رواسب البحيرة وكل من كميه المياه المنصبة في البحيرة عن طريق المصارف - حركة التيارات وعملية التمعدن البيولوجي .
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Weed science training and research in Zambia: a historical perspective - Schmid, W. (1995)
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Education Returns Across Quantiles of the Wage Function: Alternative Explanation for Returns to Education by Race in South Africa - Schultz, T.P.; Mwabu, Germano (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 1995)
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Conditions related to the academic performance of African American students at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - Scott, Delores W. (1995)
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Multiple Intelligences and the Gifted Identification of African-American Students - Scott, Oscar (1995)
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Joint Implementation under the Convention on Climate Change: Opportunities for development in Africa - Selrod, Rolf; Torvanger, Asbjørn; Karani, Patrick; Ojwang, J. B. (1995)
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Higher Education in Sub‐saharan Africa: strategies for the improvement of the quality of training - Shabani, Juma (Quality in Higher Education, 1995)
Abstract During the past years the quality of training provided by African universities has undergone a serious deterioration. In this paper we identify and analyze the main causes of this situation and propose a series of strategies that are likely to help improve the quality of university education in Africa.
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Mother's Education Effect on Child Health: An Econometric Analysis of Child Anthropometry in Uganda - Shariff, Abusaleh; Ahn, Namkee (1995)
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AVIATION CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS. - Sharp, Joanne (1995)
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What Factors Will Influence the Wider Implementation of Technology Education in South African Schools? - Sherwood, Rodney F. (1995)
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Puppets against AIDS Namibia: a new dimension to AIDS education - Shilamba, H. (1995)
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Indigenous Zimbabwean science teachers' understanding of the nature of science relative to models of the nature of science and relative to profiles of teachers in two countries - Shumba, Overson (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 1995)
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Science teachers' assessment of the interaction of indigenous African culture with science education in Zimbabwe - Shumba, Overson (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 1995)
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A sociological study of the family influences, educational experiences and aspirations of a group of South African Indian female students at the University of Durban-Westville. - Singh, Suchitra (1995)
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Options for development cooperation in IT education and training: the Zimbabwe case - Sithole, AS (1995)
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Church and State partnership in African education in colonial Zimbabwe - Siyakwazi, Ben John (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 1995)
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Evangelism and western education in Western Kenya : church of God (Anderson, Indiana), 1905-1949 - Smith-Akubue, Dorothy Ann Robinson (1995)
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The efficacy of paired reading in South African primary schools - Smith, Donna Rury; Johnson, DF (1995)
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Anchored in Our Literature: Students Responding to African American Literature. - Smith, Elizabeth Bridges (1995)
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Interpretation of meanings in classroom interactions: Three teachers and their African-American male students. - Smith, Ernestine Helena. (1995)
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Second Cairo earthquake engineering symposium on seismic design codes, December 2-4, 1995, Cairo, Egypt - Sobaih, Mohamed (1995)
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The Dahshour (Egypt) Earthquake of 12th of October 1992 - Soliman, Mamdouh (1995)
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Police Training and Human Rights in Botswana - Solo, Kholisani (1995)
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Psychophysiological study of hypertension in black, Indian and white African students - Somova, L; Diarra, Kounandji; Jacobs, Tiras Quentin (Stress Medicine, 1995)
Abstract The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that behavioural stress is associated with hypertension in developing countries. It forms part (students only) of a large study on the population of South Africa. The cross‐sectional study involved 2902 black, white and Indian African students, stratified by year of study, gender and ethnicity. Harburg's anger‐coping scale and James' active coping scale (JHACS) were used. For assessment of socioeconomic status a coefficient of family instability (CFIS) was used. Traditional risk factors of hypertension (family history, alcohol consumption, smoking, urbanization) and biological parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, body mass and skinfold, glucose tolerance) were taken. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure higher than 160/95 mmHg. A significant association between suppressed anger, high CFIS and blood pressure level in all three ethnic groups was found, most strongly expressed in male black students. The risk for hypertension was increased if this construct was combined with high JHACS score and/or poor performance at the university. After controlling for biological variables, this psychological construct still had strong association with blood pressure level/hypertension incidence in black males only. The person‐environment interaction (gender, ethnicity, years of study, urbanization) might thus represent a behavioural stress that promotes development of hypertension in African developing countries.
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Factors that affect girls' access to and retention in school in Mali: 1965-1992 - Soumaré, Abdoulaye (1995)
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Impact of the relocation of USAID from Swaziland: implications for financial assistance, infrastructure support and education and training as elements of a sound investment climate - Sprott, J.T. (Economic Digest (Mbabane, Swaziland), 1995)
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Doctors' continuing education in Tanzania: distance learning. - Ss, Ndeki; Towle, Angela; Ce, Engel; Eh, Parry (PubMed, 1995)
A distance learning programme for medical officers and their assistants at the district level has produced some valuable lessons for future activities in continuing education. Besides correspondence and study materials, face-to-face contact between students and their tutors is a particularly important ingredient, as it provides the guidance, flexibility and motivation that are essential for an effective programme.
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Healthy Education Management System in Africa - Ssekiboobo, Agnes M. N. (1995)
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Evaluating the construct specificity of intelligence and achievement with African-American and Caucasian learning disabled students - Stanley, D.A.; Clark, K.H.; D'Amato, R.C.; Maricle, D.E. (Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1995)
Journal Article Evaluating the construct specificity of intelligence and achievement with African-American and Caucasian learning disabled students Get access D.A. Stanley, D.A. Stanley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K.H. Clark, K.H. Clark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.C. D'Amato, R.C. D'Amato Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D.E. Maricle D.E. Maricle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Volume 10, Issue 4, 1995, Page 393, https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/10.4.393 Published: 01 July 1995
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Integrating African- American Literature in the Elementary Social Studies Classroom - Stewart, Loraine Moses (Reading Horizons, 1995)
African-Americans are one of the largest minority groups in the United States; therefore it is imperative that lit erature that features African-Americans as the main characters be in today’s classrooms. This literature is not only important for African-American children to see themselves, but for children of other races to see as well. Carlsen (1971) stated “... young people want to read about people like themselves, with whom they can identify” (p. 208). ”If African-American students cannot find themselves and people like them in the books they read and have read to them, they receive a powerful message about how they are undervalued in both schooland society” (Bishop, 1990, p. 561).
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Enrolment trends in primary education in Tanzania - Sumra, Suleman (Papers in Education and Development, 1995)
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Training of Racially Mixed Groups in South Africa - Swanepoel, Hennie; Beer, F.C. De (Community Development Journal, 1995)
In South Africa training in community development of racially mixed groups can experience problems because of the distrust between races, caused mainly by ignorance of each other. This case study depicts an occasion where the trainers chose to address the race issue instead of ignoring it as is usually the case. They did this by breaking down the ignorance. The outcome was a drastic change in attitudes among both races, a keenness to find out more about each other, a gradual disappearance of distrust, a closing of the gap between the races until a stage of non-racialism was reached that led to the development of a. strong ‘brotherhood’. This ‘brotherhood’ is still in existence long after the training course has been completed. The case study not only narrates how the situation developed, but also records how this process was “managed” by the trainers.
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A follow-up study of factors that contribute to African-American and Hispanic undergraduate student retention in the College of Education as the Ohio State University - Swoope, David L. (1995)
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Appropriating Africa: An Essay on New Africanist Schools - Táíwò, Olúfẹ́mi (Issue (Waltham, Mass.), 1995)
In recent times Africa has been a favourite quarry of American social scientists and humanities scholars. It has served Africanist scholars, mostly white, as a springboard for their eminently successful careers, as objects of study, and as cartographic points to which some of them could lay claim as theirs , trespass on which is often the equivalent of a capital offence in African Studies. Many of us have often been lectured, harangued, sometimes nearly insulted, because we dared to suggest that a subject on which a particular Africanist is “expert,” or one that happens to excite her or him has little relevance to the scholarly concerns of African scholars or the lives of Africans! There are variations on this theme: it wasn't so long ago that feminists of different persuasions kept looking to Africa for primal, originary matriarchies.
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Appropriating Africa: An Essay on New Africanist Schools - Táíwò, Olúfẹ́mi (Issue (Waltham, Mass.), 1995)
In recent times Africa has been a favourite quarry of American social scientists and humanities scholars. It has served Africanist scholars, mostly white, as a springboard for their eminently successful careers, as objects of study, and as cartographic points to which some of them could lay claim as theirs , trespass on which is often the equivalent of a capital offence in African Studies. Many of us have often been lectured, harangued, sometimes nearly insulted, because we dared to suggest that a subject on which a particular Africanist is “expert,” or one that happens to excite her or him has little relevance to the scholarly concerns of African scholars or the lives of Africans! There are variations on this theme: it wasn't so long ago that feminists of different persuasions kept looking to Africa for primal, originary matriarchies.
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Pupils' opinions about the factors that affect teaching and learning of junior science in Lesotho - Talukdar, A.H.U. (The School science review, 1995)
Apres l'independance du pays, de nombreuses ressources ont ete mobilisees pour favoriser le developpement de l'enseignement scientifique et technologique au Lesotho. Toutefois, les differentes innovations apportees au programme ou supports de cours n'ont pas eut les resultats escomptes sur la performance des eleves en science
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Teachers' opinion about the instructional procedures in junior science in Lesotho - Talukdar, A.H.U. (1995)
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Models and Practice in Initial Secondary Teacher Education in Cameroon. - Tambo, Leke (Teacher Education Quarterly, 1995)
Although teacher education is recognized world-wide as a key component in educational improvement efforts, the models and practices for producing teachers may differ from one country to another in terms of such factors as resources available, teacher supply needs in the schools, policy guidelines and goals of training, and whether initial teacher education is monopolized by one institution or shared by many. This paper focuses on models and practices in initial secondary teacher education in Cameroon. It begins with a historical note on the evolution of secondary education in Cameroon, showing enrolment trends and implications for teacher supply needs. The response of the Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS), the sole institution respon sible for secondary teacher education in Cameroon, to this need is indicated and shown to be inadequate. Two major models of secondary teacher education in Cameroon, the non-formal and the formal models, are identified and described. The non-formal model, which in some ways, is similar to in-service education, but differs from it significantly, Leke Tambo is a senior relates to the Cameroon Government effort to meet lecturer, Univesity of the short-term needs of secondary schools in teacher Yaounde, Cameroon. supply. The formal model is based on the initial
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Improving the Attendance Rate for African American Male Students in an After School Reading Program through Parental Involvement, Positive Male Role Models, and Tutorial Instruction. - Tanksley, Mary Dennard (1995)
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Joint school/public libraries: a catalyst for school library development in Africa - Tawete, F. (African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 1995)
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A Rural Women Training Project in Al Ilaiga, Sudan - Tayeb, El; Somaia, E (The Ahfad journal, 1995)
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Cooperative learning in an African context - Taylor, Cedric A. (International Journal of Educational Research, 1995)
In Africa there has really been no historical development of cooperative learning because of the influence of missionary and colonial education in establishing a Western form of schooling. This is why a discrepancy exists between African culture, which may be seen as defining some form of cooperative learning, and the present school culture. The new philosophy of African socialism has not markedly permeated the schools or methods of classroom teaching. Cooperative learning has special significance for South Africa, but its implementation is hardly possible because of serious educational inequalities which have to be redressed first. Nevertheless, the building of positive relations between Black and White youth has occurred with a cooperative learning approach developed by the author and used in non-formal settings.
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Student Involvement and Racial Identity Attitudes among African American Males. - Taylor, Colette M.; Howard‐Hamilton, Mary F. (Journal of College Student Development, 1995)
The relationship between student involvement and racial identity attitudes among African American males was examined. The Student Involvement Survey (SIS), and the Racial Identity Attitude Scale (RIAS-B) were administered to 117 African American males at 10 predominantly White universities. A significant relationship was found among the 4 subscales of the RIAS-B and the SIS total. Recommendations for student affairs practitioners working with African American students are presented.
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Student Involvement and Racial Identity Attitudes among African American Males. - Taylor, Colette M.; Howard‐Hamilton, Mary F. (Journal of College Student Development, 1995)
The relationship between student involvement and racial identity attitudes among African American males was examined. The Student Involvement Survey (SIS), and the Racial Identity Attitude Scale (RIAS-B) were administered to 117 African American males at 10 predominantly White universities. A significant relationship was found among the 4 subscales of the RIAS-B and the SIS total. Recommendations for student affairs practitioners working with African American students are presented.
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A case for geography in South African senior primary schools : an analysis and evaluation of current geographical thinking and practice - Taylor, Simon Michael (1995)
Geography faces several challenges in a changing South Africa. These include the challenge to initiate a primary curriculum that helps to provide a foundation for sustainable living in a society that faces serious problems of unemployment, violence, irreparable damage to the environment and the lack of housing, water and basic services for the majority of the population. This thesis attempts to provide a case for geography in the primary school by examining the value of the subject for pupils' development and by reviewing the strengths and weaknesses of an integrated approach in view of the possible introduction of an integrated primary curriculum in South Africa. The second aspect of the study is concerned with a survey of teachers in the Natal Education Department to evaluate the perceived value of geography as a subject and support for geography as a discrete subject. The main thrust of geography in the primary school is to develop concepts, skills, values and attitudes that allow pupils to be more understanding and caring about the local and global environment, about people, communities, species and the natural environment on which we all depend. The results of the survey reveal that teachers support geography as a discrete subject with an intra-curriculum approach. The introduction of an integrated core curriculum in South Africa would prove problematic as teachers are not in favour of an integrated approach across the curriculum. The lack of teacher support in Kenya for an integrated curriculum was one of the main reasons for its failure. Hopefully South Africa will learn from other countries experiences with introducing an integrated curriculum. Teachers value the role of geography in the education of the child and suggest the introduction of environmental and development themes to make the subject more relevant to children's lives. The syllabus analysis revealed that a unified pnmary curriculum is required which is influenced by the needs of society in South Africa. Recommendations are made regarding ideas for a future primary curriculum.
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Planning and training to improve service delivery for older African-Americans - Taylor, Sue (1995)
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Sankofa: African Thought and Education. - Tedla, Elleni (Journal of Negro Education, 1995)
Elleni Tedla, Sankofa: African Thought and Education. New York: Peter Lang, 1995. 236 pp. $29.95, paper. Reviewed by L. Kay Walker and Dickson A. Mungazi, Northern Arizona University. In the four decades since the process of decolonization and political independence began in Africa, African scholars have attempted to evaluate the direction that the continent of Africa has taken in its developmental efforts. Among the questions these scholars have asked as a way of determining that development are: What theory guides African nations as they struggle for development? What are some of the more pressing problems nations of Africa face today? What must African nations do to bring about new institutions that are truly vested in the interests of the people? What kind of governments should these nations have in order to represent the genuine interests of the people? What kind of education do they need in order to influence the formation of new national identities and the emergence of a fresh continental character that will give meaning to the traditions of the past and greater impact to endeavors in the future? This last question is the subject of Elleni Tedla's Sankofa: African Thought and Education. The book is divided into three parts, each with distinctive, integrated features. Part one discusses the interaction between African and Western thought processes and explains how that interaction affects African education and society today. Part two defines some essential concepts and components of both the indigenous and modern African educational systems. In part three, having laid this foundation, Tedla presents her arguments for returning to traditional African values and thought processes as the basis for education in contemporary African society. To understand Tedla's line of argument, one needs to trace both its title and its theme to their beginnings. Sankofa is an Akan (Ghanaian) word that means return to the source and fetch (learn). Following this, Tedla first urges African educators and policymakers to reach back into the past to rediscover traditions that have been lost to them. Second, she challenges them to renew and refine these traditions so that they will have new meaning for all Africans, not just the wealthy and powerful, in both the present and the future. In Tedla's view, a rejection of colonialism is ultimately a rejection of Western thought process and Western education. This rejection necessitates a redefinition of education to reflect the needs of Africa today and tomorrow. The first step toward this objective is to evaluate the continent's present educational systems within the spirit of Sankofa. The source of this renewal is indigenous African culture, history, and identity-elements that to her suggest the power within African people to shape new directions. By utilizing what is positive in these elements, she maintains, Africans can build a foundation for future development. As such, she proposes that the experiences of contemporary Africans in and out of school reflect a philosophy that is enshrined in its indigenous symbols, including the ritual, music, dance, art, proverbs, poetry, drama, technology, and architecture of precolonial Africa. That these critical features of African culture were neglected by the colonial educational system suggests to Tedla their vitality to the future of Africa. Yet, as she sees it, the challenge before the people of modem Africa is to revive the old ways so that they renew modern institutions for the benefit of all Africans, educated and uneducated, and not simply the wealthy and powerful elites. The acquisition of critical knowledge of African traditions will also require an educational system that is consistent with the contemporary needs of the continent. To fully appreciate this book, readers also must come to terms with the author's understanding of the African concept of spirituality and its role in education. …
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Departmental papers and discussion on the position of education in Botswana : a report : Professional Educationalists' Seminar 21-24 April, 1987 - Tempest, Phyllis (1995)
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Successful schools in Tanzania : a case study of academic and production programs in primary and secondary schools - Temu, E. B. (1995)
Successful schools in Tanzania : a case study of academic and production programs in primary and secondary schools
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Perceptions of Anglo Teachers by Their African-American Principals: A Comparison of Male and Female Responses. - Thomas, Cornell (Western journal of black studies, 1995)
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The Intellectual Matrix of Early Biblical Narrative: Inclusive Monotheism in Persian Period Palestine - Thompson, Thomas L. (1995)
1995 In John Van Seters's 1992 publication, Prologue to History , he continues his revision of Wellhausen's documentary hypothesis by attempting to define the work of the classical source J as a blend of historiographie and antiquarian interests that is drawn from Greek historiography within a context in the Jewish Diaspora in Babylon during the exilic period. Van Seters resolutely and convincingly establishes the thesis that the Yahwistic tradition is a product of the re-emergence of Israel rather than of its ‘Golden Age.’ The completion of this huge project and Van Seters's rejection of any possible context for the Pentateuch's tradition within the time periods reflected in Genesis–2 Kings is unequivocally a major achievement. The circularity of argument, however, is not entirely broken. On internal grounds alone, this core of the Pentateuch postdates any biblical view of history the literature projects. Van Seters presents an argument for the dating of J and the Pentateuch that rests finally on his assumption that there is a historical exilic period to which he assigns the tradition, but such a period as such is unknown apart from the tradition. Van Seters's approach begins from within the literature, and, assuming the rationalistic paraphrase of Israel's history that our field has created for him, asks only after the earliest appropriate date for the tradition within the paraphrase that has been known as the history of Israel. The appropriateness of the date is then seen to be confirmed by the citation of analogous Greek and Babylonian texts drawn from literature that is ideologically and formally comparable.
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The impact of the 1991-92 drought on environment and people in Zambia. - Tiffen, Mary; Binns, Tony (1995)
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The training of adult educators: an Ethiopian experience - Tilahun, Wondwosen (1995)
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Some remarks in the dialogue on the future of theological education in South Africa - Toit, Cornel W. Du; Toit, Cornél du (Religion and Theology, 1995)
Abstract The theological education debate in South Africa must be co-ordinated to make it meaningful for all parties involved. Factors influencing this debate are mentioned. Among these are obstacles in redefining African theology and relevant trends on an international and national level. The question of theological education cannot be dealt with in a credible way without reconsidering the nature of the university and the character of truth. Self-understanding in the theological profession challenges us to answer questions like theological integrity, the nature of a faculty for religion and theology, theological plurality and so on. The restructuring of curriculum necessitates revolutionary methods like the self-organising model of education to be considered. The article ends by looking at possible options open and action to be considered.
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Sink or swim...: water and the Namibian environment: a environmental resource book for Namibian teachers - Toit, Derick du; Sguazzin, Teresa (1995)
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Fluctuating Hearing Loss following Immune Reaction in the Endolymphatic Sac of Guinea Pigs - Tomiyama, Shunichi; Kinoshita, Toshiyuki; Jinnouchi, Ken; Ikezono, Tetsuo; Gotoh, Yuichi; Pawanker, Ruby; Yagi, Toshiaki (ORL, 1995)
This study has investigated immune injuries to the inner ear auditory system of guinea pigs. Following secondary antigen challenge to the endolymphatic sac, the mean hearing threshold significantly increased in the early phase from day 1 to day 3 and thereafter recovered. In the early phase, hearing threshold significantly increased simultaneously to the elevation of perilymph antibody levels. The size of hydrops was not the only factor that causes an increase in hearing loss as well as in AP/SP ratio. Scale-out hearing loss was seen in 2 animals with severe degeneration of the stria vascularis as well as the organ of Corti associated with the inflammatory cellular infiltration especially in the perilymphatic space, even in the absence of keyhole limpet hemocyanin antigen in the cochlea. On the other hand, control animals did not suffer hearing loss. These results suggest that an immune reaction in the endolymphatic sac is a possible pathogenic etiology of Ménière's disease or sudden deafness.
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Training South African Principals: A Personal Perspective - Tonnsen, Sandra (International Journal of Educational Reform, 1995)
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South African Unions: Schools or agents for democracy? - Tørres, Liv (Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 1995)
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes The article presents data from a survey conducted in early 1994. It is an edited version of a paper presented to the World Congress in Sociology, Bielefeld, July 1994. South African Workers Speak (FAFO: Oslo 1994, forthcoming) gives a more thorough and substantial presentation of the survey, including results from interviews with white workers. The survey is funded by the Norwegian Research Council, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions.
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Three "Warring Souls" of African American High School Students. - Townsend, Brenda L.; Patton, James M. (1995)
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A Parent, Community, Public Schools, and University Involved Partnership Education Program to Examine and Boost Academic Achievement and Adaptive Functioning Skills of African-American Students. - Tucker, Carolyn M.; Chennault, Shirley A.; Brady, Bernadine; Fraser, Karen; Gaskin-Butler, Vikki T.; Dunn, Cari; Frisby, Craig L. (Journal of research and development in education, 1995)
Afin de resoudre les difficultes scolaires des etudiants africains-americains, un programme de partenariat a ete mis en place aux Etats-Unis. Les difficultes que rencontrent ces eleves sont souvent liees a l'absence de competences psychologiques telles que les capacites d'adaptation et de travail de groupe. Les AA. presentent ce programme experimental et mesurent les effets percus chez les participants
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Education and the changing economic role of Nigerian women - Uchendu, Patrick Kenechukwu (1995)
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Politics and education in Nigeria - Uchendu, Patrick Kenechukwu (1995)
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A Cross-cultural Assessment of the Maitland Graves Design Judgment Test Using U.S. and Nigerian Students. - Uduehi, Joseph (Visual arts research, 1995)
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Born to the Struggle, Learning to Write: An Interview with Lindiwe Mabuza, Poet and Chief Representative of the African National Congress (Of South Africa) in the United States - Upton, Elaine Maria; Mabuza, Lindiwe (Feminist Studies, 1995)
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Basic Education Sector, Eritrea: Issues in the Planning and Management of School Construction, Renovation and Maintenance - Vagnby, Bo (1995)
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African science teachers' perceptions of how inservice education influences classroom teaching : A case study / - Vakalisa, Ntombizolile C. G. (1995)
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Rethinking comparative education in Africa - Vavrus, Frances; Marsh, Mel (1995)
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Factor Biases and Promoting Sustainable Development: Adaptation to Drought in the Senegal River Basin - Venema, Henry David; Schiller, Eric J.; Bass, Brad (Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 1995)
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People and drought in South Africa: reaction and migration. - Vogel, Coleen; Binns, Tony (1995)
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Implications of the concept of 'khala'if al-ard' for a teaching community in South Africa - Waghid, Y. (1995)
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Shura or dialogue: a procedure towards addressing the problems in madrasah education in South Africa - Waghid, Yusef (1995)
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Rehabilitation of Juvenile Delinquents: A Survey of Approved Schools in Kenya - Wakanyua, Samuel Ndiritu (1995)
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Rehabilitation of Juvenile Delinquents: A Survey of Approved Schools in Kenya - Wakanyua, Samuel Ndiritu (1995)
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The challenges and prospects of legal education in Africa - Wako, S.A. (1995)
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Connecting Right and Left Brain: Increasing Academic Performance of African American Students through the Arts. - Walker, Doris McEwen (1995)
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Age Related Mortality and Disability After Stroke in the Gambia - Walker, RW; Rolfe, M; French, Joyce M.; Rodgers, Helen; James, Ofw (Age and Ageing, 1995)
Journal Article Age Related Mortality and Disability After Stroke in the Gambia Get access RW Walker, RW Walker Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M Rolfe, M Rolfe Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JM French, JM French Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H Rodgers, H Rodgers Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar OFW James OFW James Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Age and Ageing, Volume 24, Issue suppl_1, 1995, Pages P26-b–P26, https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/24.suppl_1.P26-b Published: 01 March 1995
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An Exploration of Gender Issues and the Role of the Outsider in Women's Education Programs in Muslim Communities Case Studies in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Senegal, and Yemen - Walp, JoDe Lynne (1995)
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A Bibliography of African Language Texts in the Collections of the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London, to 1963 - Walsh, Gianfranco; Mann, Michael; Sanders, Valerie (International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1995)
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Towards a future agenda for adult education research in South Africa within the context of the southern Africa region - Walters, Simon (1995)
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Cost and Financing of Education in Kenya : Access, Quality and Equity in Higher Education and Training. - Wandiga, Shem O. (1995)
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Leadership development program for African-American students - Ware, W. Diane. (1995)
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Factors influencing African-American students at historically Black colleges and universities to enter the adapted physical education profession - Webb, Daniel (1995)
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Prospects for the development of higher education in Kenya - Weidman, John C. (1995)
In the first part of this discussion, the author describes the economic and social development context of East Africa.  He then draws on the more general context of the African continent, summarizing several major issues that have been identified by various experts as being of contemporary significance for the continued growth and development of African higher education.  This leads to a discussion of five major themes that the author believes are particularly important for Kenya, followed by some concluding suggestions for the future development of its university system.  The chapter contains tables that reflect the development status of countries in East Africa, Kenya education trends, first year undergraduate enrolment in public universities as well as recurrent expenditures per student.
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Government spending on health care and education under structural adjustment : the development in Zambia during the 1990s - Wendle, Jenny (1995)
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The geochemistry of the Karoo igneous volcanic and intrusive rocks of Botswana - Wigley, Rochelle Anne (1995)
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Towards the democratization of instructional leadership in South African schools: current trends and future possibilities. - Williams, Clarence (1995)
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THE DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF A LEADERSHIP TRAINING PROGRAM PROTOTYPE FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN - Williams, Martha W. (1995)
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Peer education to reduce HIV infection in Kariba, Zimbabwe - Wilson, Douglas; Dube, Nduduzo; Masvikeni, L. (1995)
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Spatial and temporal variations in the chemistry of basaltic rocks in the cenozoic Ethiopian volcanic province - Wolde, Begashaw (1995)
Spatial and temporal variations in the chemistry of basaltic rocks in the cenozoic Ethiopian volcanic province
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Spatial and temporal variations in the chemistry of basaltic rocks in the cenozoic Ethiopian volcanic province - Wolde, Begashaw (1995)
Spatial and temporal variations in the chemistry of basaltic rocks in the cenozoic Ethiopian volcanic province
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Education in Latin America: lessons for South Africa from a sister continent - Wolhuter, Charl C. (Unisa latin american report, 1995)
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Pragmatic Pluralism for Intercultural Unity and Education in Liberia: Literature for Children - Wolo, Elaine A. (Liberian studies journal, 1995)
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The promotion of support strategies for in-service primary school teachers in Tanzania through distance education. - Wort, Michael A. A.; Negash, Tewoldebrhan; Rudebeck, Lars (1995)
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Lysophosphalidylcholine impairs intracellular pH regulation in guinea pig papillary muscles - Yamaguchi, Seiichi; Tamagawa, Masaji; Nakaya, Haruaki (Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 1995)
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Environmental pollution management for Tanzania: towards pollution prevention - Yhdego, Michael (Journal of Cleaner Production, 1995)
Tanzania is currently promoting the development of industry and exploitation of natural resources in an attempt to improve its economic stability. Regrettably, this development process is inevitably accompanied by environmental pollution. A survey of water, air and noise pollution is presented. Tanzania lacks the economic base and trained manpower essential for the implementation of a regulatory and corrective strategy using costly and sophisticated pollution control technology. Furthermore, the country lacks a conceptual framework, the public support, governmental motivation, legislation and regulatory infrastructure needed for effective environmental pollution management. This paper concludes with a simplified approach towards a pollution prevention strategy, including some of the important elements for an environmental pollution management system for Tanzania.
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Women and the new education and training policy of Ethiopia - Yilma, W (1995)
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The political economy of adult education and development : the case of Botswana, 1966-1991 - Youngman, Frank (1995)
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Children of the Nile: The Community Schools Project in Upper Egypt. Education for All: Making It Work. Innovation Series. - Zaalouk, Malak (1995)
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Assessment of training needs of the apparel industry in Swaziland - Zwane, Pinkie E.; Edmond, Margaret (UNISWA Research Journal, 1995)
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An assessment of some factors contributing towards the climate of violence in a socio-politically changing South Africa - Zyl, Anel van; Theron, H. (Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 1995)
Violence is a phenomenon that has existed throughout time and all over the world. South Africa is no exception and since the decision was taken to move towards a democracy, violence has escalated to such an extent that today South Africa is regarded as one of the most violent countries in the world.
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Knowledge and attitudes of a group of South African mine workers towards noise induced hearing loss and the use of hearing protective devices - Kahan, Elise; Ross, Eleanor (The South African journal of communication disorders. Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir Kommunikasieafwykings, 1994)
The study aimed to explore the knowledge and attitudes of a group of mine workers regarding noise induced hearing loss and the use of hearing protective devices. These aims were investigated via a questionnaire administered in a group setting to 55 underground mine workers. The main finding that emerged from the study was that respondents were poorly informed regarding the fact that noise was a health hazard. Furthermore, the knowledge that respondents did possess, appeared to have been derived from the personal experience of working in noisy environments for many years, rather than from educational input. Contrary to expectations, respondents did not view deafness as a status symbol but rather as a negative attribute. Consequently, they were motivated to protect themselves from hearing impairment and to be educated about hearing and the effects of noise. The mine workers complained about discomfort when wearing hearing protective devices as well as feelings of insecurity due to inhibition of communication and the inability to hear warning signals. For these reasons, noise protection was mainly worn in situations perceived as noisy by workers themselves. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for the clinical practice of audiology; hearing conservation in the mining industry; further research; and the training and education of speech-language pathologists and audiologists.
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10 Teaching African History in U.S. Colleges: A Discussion of Thomas Spear - Kapteijns, Lidwien (1994)
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18 Africa, Undergraduate Teaching, and Title VI African Studies Centers - McCann, James C. (1994)
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A Comparative Study Of Management Effectiveness Under The Training And Visit And General Extension Systems In Ghana - Ntifo-Siaw, Edward; Agunga, Robert (Journal of Agricultural Education, 1994)
One of the most effective means of transforming Africa’s potential agricultural resources into sustained agricultural development is through an effective extension system. Improved agricultural extension management system is recognized “as a central mechanism to achieving increased food production through technology transfer” (Food and Agriculture Organization, 1990, p. 45). African governments and international aid agencies have promoted and supported new extension approaches to help small-scale farmers increase food production. The Training and Visit (T&V) system has been the latest extension method to be promoted. T&V seeks to replace the general (or traditional) extension system which has been in use in many developing countries since independence.
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2 Triumphalism, Tarzan, and Other Influences: Teaching About Africa in the 1990s - Samoff, Joel (1994)
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7 New Directions: Teaching Economics to Undergraduates in African Studies - Seidman, Ann (1994)
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6 Female-Headed Households, Private Transfer Entitlements, and Drought Relief in Rural Botswana - Valentine, Theodore R.; Kalipeni, Ezekiel (1994)
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11 Teaching African Science: Notes on "Common Sense," "Tribal War/' and the "End of History" - Wisner, Ben (1994)
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Socio-economic and demographic factors affecting school enrollment in Egypt. - Sakani, Ouahiba; Ag, Zohry (PubMed, 1994)
Children in Egypt must go to school from age 6 years until age 13. Public education at all levels is free, although there are private schools mainly in urban areas in which some children are enrolled. The authors analyzed variations in school enrollment according to certain socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in Egypt using data from the 1992 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey. Primary school enrollment rates increased from 75% in 1970 to 98% in 1990. Female enrollment rates, however, only increased from 57% in 1970 to 90% in 1990. 1992 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey data indicate that 78% of males and 59% of females in Egypt are literate. 89% and 73% of children are enrolled in urban and rural areas, respectively, while the levels of school enrollment are higher in urban governorates and urban lower Egypt compared to other regions, and among children of educated parents compared to children of noneducated parents.
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Hygiene education in Burundi : peer education in practice (Promotion & Education, 1994)
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Intestinal helminth infections in rural school children in Njala, Sierra Leone. - Aa, Gbakima; Sherpard, M; Pt, White (PubMed, 1994)
In a survey of five primary schools and one secondary school in and around the Njala University College environment, in Southern Sierra Leone, 1820 school children were examined. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most common helminth encountered (33.3%) followed by Trichuris trichiura (14.6%) and hookworm infection (10.4%). There was striking differences in the rate of infection between the various schools with the International School being the least affected by all parasites. Multiple infections were quite common, with 53.1% having one type of helminth infection, 40% had two types of helminth infections, while 6.9% had three or more helminth infections. School screening should be an important component of Primary Health Care in Sierra Leone since it offers good opportunity for disease surveillance, health education and early detection and treatment of infections before they become chronic.
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Sexual behavior and pregnancy among Nigerian students - Adinma, J. I. B.; Agbai, A. O.; Okeke, AC (Advances in Contraception, 1994)
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Mathematics teachers in the South African transition - Adler, Jill (Mathematics Education Research Journal, 1994)
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Mathematics teachers in the South African transition - Adler, Jill (Mathematics Education Research Journal, 1994)
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Radon monitoring for earthquake prediction on Al-Ghab of Syria - Al-Hilal, Mohamed; Mouty, Mikhail (International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1994)
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Psychosocial Correlates of Attitude Toward Disability and Desire to Work in African Americans with Disabilities - Asbury, Charles A.; Walker, Sylvia; Stokes, Almeta; Rackley, Reginald (Journal of applied rehabilitation counseling, 1994)
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A University for the Povo? The socio‐economic background of African University students in Zimbabwe since independence - Bennell, Paul; Ncube, Mkhululi (Journal of Southern African Studies, 1994)
This article presents and discusses empirical research whose main objective has been to determine changes in the socio‐economic background of African university students in Zimbabwe since independence in 1980. While it has been frequently asserted that the access of the povo (the ‘people’ — referrring to the low‐income majority) to the University of Zimbabwe has improved significantly, a major finding of the research is that the representation of students from peasant and unskilled and semi‐skilled occupational backgrounds did not increase appreciably during the 1980s, and that students from professional family backgrounds were over represented eight times at the university.
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Training for Africans in Africa - Cameron, Noël; Berger, Lee; McKee, Jeffrey K. (Nature, 1994)
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Learning from Somalia - Deonandan, Kalowatie (Peace Review, 1994)
With the end of the Cold War, interstate conflict has significantly decreased, while intrastate conflict has soared. Unfortunately, the international system's conflict resolution mechanisms, such as international and regional organizations, have been devised primarily for settling the former rather than the latter. Recently, states have had to adapt these instruments to cope with the changing nature of conflicts. The United Nations peacekeeping mission in Somalia illustrates the evolving role of international organizations in resolving disputes within states. But while this intervention signaled a broadening of the UN's mandate in a changing global environment, it also showed the pitfalls of this new strategy, which can provide us some insights for future operations.
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Education en hygiène au Burundi: Education par les pairs en pratique - Dieleman, Marjolein; Nahayo, Constantin (Promotion & Education, 1994)
Because almost half of the patients diagnosed in health centers in Burundi suffered from illnesses related to impure water or inadequate sanitation, the Hygiene Education and Training Programme was created to assure the efficient use of water and sanitation infrastructures by the population of Burundi. A specific organizational unit, linked to the ministry of Public Health was created to implement the programme. With the objective of changing non-hygienic behaviour related to water use and sanitation, hygiene education was carried out by field teams using interpersonal peer communication methods in people's homes during a series of education campaigns that each last three months. The programme was directed primarily to households composed of men, women and children, with particular attention given to women and children, who have the primary responsibility for household hygiene. A participatory approach was employed that used teams of volunteers chosen by and from the population, and who visited households twice during each campaign. Audiovisual materials and messages for each campaign were developed in collaboration with the population. The field teams were motivated by a regular programme of training, an intense support and monitoring system, and the availability of audiovisual materials for hygiene education, as well as a system of prizes that was added recently. After 18 months of experience, it is possible to say that the approach is both feasible and effective. The population reacted positively to the hygiene education that was offered and a degree of behaviour change was observed.
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Exploring Peace Education in South African Settings. Peace Education Miniprints No. 68. - Dovey, Valerie (1994)
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Career counseling with African American college students - Hendricks, Frederica M. (Journal of Career Development, 1994)
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Career Counseling with African American College Students - Hendricks, Frederica M. (Journal of Career Development, 1994)
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The Attitude Towards Nature, and Incidence of Sexual Intimacy Among Students at a South African University - Jc, Meyer; Ja, Le Roux (Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 1994)
The authors, of the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, surveyed 60 male university students of mean age 21.37 years and 79 female students of mean age 20.13 years with the goal of gaining insight into their sex behavior and their attitudes toward sexuality. The home language of 83% of the women and 85% of the men was Afrikaans, while the remaining subjects had English as a home language. One student was married, three were engaged to be married, and two lived together with a person of the opposite sex. 51 students were in steady relationships and 82 were single. 82% of the men and 90% of the women choose to have sex with someone of the same race. The study found a relatively low occurrence of sexual intercourse and promiscuity, and a very high percentage of subjects regarded themselves as heterosexual and as morally and religiously conservative. 97% of the men and 99% of the women regarded themselves as being heterosexual, and 3% of men and 1% of women regarded themselves as being bisexual. 6.6% of men and 1.34% of women, however, reported having had sexual contact with someone of the same sex. 37% of the men and 32% of the women reported having ever had sexual intercourse with a person of the opposite sex. These percentages are notably lower than those found by other investigators and the authors believe that a higher proportion of students at the university are actually sexually active than that suggested by this survey's findings. Among those sexually active, 17% of men and 18% of women were involved in sexual relationships with more than one partner. 68% of the sexually active men and women report using condoms often, 14% of men and 8% of women use contraceptives on an irregular basis, and 18% of men and 25% of women never use contraceptives. The birth control pill and condom were the most widely used methods. 85% of men and 86% of women felt that both partners should be responsible for taking precautions against unwanted pregnancy. These findings indicate that the overwhelming majority of subjects in this study are not at high risk for contracting AIDS.
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The trickster figure in African-American teaching: Pre- and postdesegregation - Jeffries, Rhonda (The Urban Review, 1994)
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The Botswana Government's Environmental Policies and the Need To Institutionalize Life Long Environmental Education. - Jns, Mutanyatta (1994)
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Language and Education in South Africa : The Value of a Genre-based Pedagogy for Access and Inclusion - Johnson, DF (HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 1994)
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Characteristics of African-American college students with HIV/AIDS. - Johnson, Ernest H.; Gilbert, D; Lollis, Charlie M. (PubMed, 1994)
This article examines the risky sexual behaviors, condom and drug usage, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and attitudes of African-American college students with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is the precursor of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A total of 408 (199 males, 209 females) African-American college students, representing 75% of the students enrolled in a southern university, were surveyed. The results revealed that 3.18% of the students reported having HIV/AIDS. The students with HIV/AIDS exhibited significant deficits in AIDS knowledge, particularly information concerning the transmission of HIV/AIDS. While subjects with HIV/AIDS did not differ from subjects without HIV/AIDS with regard to their perceived risk of being exposed to AIDS or their attitudes about using condoms, a significantly larger percentage of subjects with HIV/AIDS reported that they "always" used condoms with their partner. Nevertheless, subjects with HIV/AIDS were more likely to engage in anal intercourse, experience sex with prostitutes, and use drugs. Sexually transmitted diseases were more prevalent among subjects with HIV/AIDS, and syphilis was found to be the best predictor of HIV/AIDS.
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The Economics of Public Investment in Education in Papua New Guinea - Mace, John (Higher Education Policy, 1994)
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Teachers, Preachers, Non-Believers: A Social History of Zimbabwean Literature - McLaren, Joseph; Veit–Wild, Flora (African studies review, 1994)
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Gender Differences in Scores on Test Anxiety and Academic Achievement among South African University Graduate Students - Mwamwenda, Tuntufye S. (South African Journal of Psychology, 1994)
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Test Anxiety and Academic Achievement among South African University Students - Mwamwenda, Tuntufye S. (Psychological Reports, 1994)
Although studies in Western and a few developing countries have indicated students with low scores on test anxiety tend to perform better on academic tasks than those who score higher on test anxiety, at this South African university no statistically significant mean difference on a test in educational psychology was noted for 121 students who scored high on the Anxiety Achievement Test and those 117 who scored low.
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User Expectations in Higher Education Library Services in Nigeria - Ononogbo, R. U. (International Information & Library Review, 1994)
AbstractThis paper outlines the developments in Nigerian higher education with emphasis on the universities. The population of students and faculty has grown; funding for university libraries has declined; books and journals have become scarce and costly. User needs have not diminished. There is pressure on the university libraries with increasing expectations from users. These expectations provide the vision for librarians to tune their sentences to satisfy the users. The paper finally urges the Committee of University Librarians of Nigerian Universities (CULNU) to act now and not give excuses for failure to do so.
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User Expectations in Higher Education Library Services in Nigeria: a Librarian's View - Ononogbo, R. U. (The International information & library review (Print), 1994)
This paper outlines the developments in Nigerian higher education with emphasis on the universities. The population of students and faculty has grown; funding for university libraries has declined; books and journals have become scarce and costly. User needs have not diminished. There is pressure on the university libraries with increasing expectations from users. These expectations provide the vision for librarians to tune their sentences to satisfy the users. The paper finally urges the Committee of University Librarians of Nigerian Universities (CULNU) to act now and not give excuses for failure to do so.
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An economic analysis of potential impacts of climate change in Egypt - Onyeji, S.C.; Fischer, G. (Global environmental change, 1994)
Projections of climate impacts on crop yields simulated for different General Circulation Model (GCM) scenarios are used, in a recursively dynamic general equilibrium framework, to account for potential economy-wide impacts of climate change in Egypt. Comparing these impact projections to those obtained under a reference, business-as-usual, scenario assuming some moderate changes in the political, economic or technological spheres, indicates that global warming has potentially negative effects. The analysis is based on a global assessment of potential climate change-induced variations in world commodity production and trade. The Egyptian agricultural sector, and the non-agricultural sector to a lesser extent, are projected to be increasingly less self-sufficient. Specific potential adverse impacts are identified. The simulation results show that high-cost adaptation measures involving major changes in the agricultural system and practices may mitigate these adverse impacts. Stimulating economic development of the rural areas and creating appropriate conditions for effective diffusion and development of technologies — particularly for the agricultural sector — would seem a desirable strategy. Perhaps, more importantly, the simulation results show that the assumption of exogenously determined technological progress may be inappropriate, in which case the potential adverse impacts of a future warming of the global climate are likely to be fewer than is indicated in this study — if prevailing constraints on productivity growth in the major food and feed grains are ‘released’ by endogenous advances in technology.
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Scale reliability and construct validity: a pilot study among primary school children in Northern Tanzania. - Seha, A. M.; Klepp, Knut‐Inge; Ndeki, Sidney (PubMed, 1994)
Based on the World Health Organization's standardized survey inventories assessing AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices (KABP) for adolescents, a written questionnaire was developed and pilot tested among primary school children in Northern Tanzania. Subjects included 472 fifth and sixth graders at four schools in Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions. Results indicated that the large majority of the students understood the questions and were able and willing to complete the survey. Non-response patterns did not seem to be related to the sensitivity of included questions. AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes toward engaging in sexual behavior had acceptable reliability and construct validity when compared with similar surveys in Western countries, while perceived social norms and self-efficacy need further development. KABP questionnaires may serve as a useful method in AIDS-related surveys and evaluation studies among school children in Tanzania if survey instruments are adapted to reflect the local social and cultural context.
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The Moderator Effect of Cognitive Modifiability on a Traditional Undergraduate Admissions Test for Disadvantaged Black Students in South Africa - Shochet, Ian M. (South African Journal of Psychology, 1994)
Universities in South Africa are faced with the problem of finding admissions criteria, other than high school grades, that are both fair and valid for black applicants severely disadvantaged by an inferior school education. The use of traditional intellectual assessments and aptitude tests (such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test) for disadvantaged and minority students remains controversial as a fair assessment, in that these tests do not take account of potential for change. In this study, therefore, a measure of students' cognitive modifiability, assessed by means of an Interactive Assessment model, was added as a moderator of the traditional intellectual assessment in predicting first-year university success. Cognitive modifiability significantly moderated the predictive validity of the traditional intellectual assessment for a sample of disadvantaged black students enrolled in the first year Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of the Witwatersrand. The higher the level of cognitive modifiability, the less effective were traditional methods for predicting academic success and vice versa. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Parasitic infections in primary and secondary schools in Giza Governorate, Egypt. - Si, Hassan (PubMed, 1994)
Four primary and two secondary schools at Kafr Hakeem, El-Mansuria and Berkash villages in Imbaba district were surveyed. Urine and stool specimens of 791 students were examined. Results revealed amoebiasis (22.4%); hymenolepiasis nana (6.2%); ancylostomiasis doudenale (5.7%); ascariasis (1.5%) and enterobiasis (1.1%). Parasites transmitted by autoinfection represented 15.9% of the total infected subjects; those transmitted by the skin penetration 27.2% and by contaminated food 56.9%. There was no statistical difference between primary and secondary school students as regards the rate of infection.
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Equality and Equity in South Africa: Multicultural Education and Change - Soudien, Crain (Equity & Excellence in Education, 1994)
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsCrain SoudienCrain Soudien is Senior Lecturer at State University of New York at Buffalo and the University of Cape Town in South Africa.
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Nigerian Primary School Teachers' Perceptions of Schooling during the Second Decade of Universal Primary Education - Sunal, Cynthia Szymanski; Sunal, Dennis W.; Ose, Osayimense (African Studies Review, 1994)
In 1976 Nigeria committed itself to the provision of universal primary education (UPE) to its children. A basic, six-year level of education was seen as a means of creating unity between the many disparate groups making up Nigeria's citizenry. It was also seen as a means of working towards the equalization of educational opportunities throughout the nation by providing a minimum level to which all children would be educated (Ozigi and Ocho 1981; Adesina 1982). The national commitment to UPE was endorsed by many, although not all, Nigerians (Casapo 1981, 1983). A large commitment of money and the endorsement of many Nigerians were not enough to prevent a multitude of problems as UPE was put in place. The program has been a success in that many millions of children have received a primary education. However, a low quality of education was noted as an accompaniment to quantity education (Bray 1981). A survey of inspectors responsible for primary schools completed a decade after the initiation of UPE suggested that conditions in primary education were continuing to be such that quality education was difficult to obtain (Sunal, Osa, Gaba and Saleemi 1989). While some data are available describing primary schooling under the UPE program, little data are available from the teachers involved in it. The experience of primary school teachers as they perceive and report it has not been documented.
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Hepatology, education and research: South Africa - Terblanche, J. (Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 1994)
Journal of Gastroenterology and HepatologyVolume 9, Issue 6 p. 643-645 Hepatology, education and research: South Africa JOHN TERBLANCHE, Corresponding Author JOHN TERBLANCHE Department of Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South AfricaProfessor John Terblanche, Department of Surgery, J Floor, Old Main Building, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.Search for more papers by this author JOHN TERBLANCHE, Corresponding Author JOHN TERBLANCHE Department of Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South AfricaProfessor John Terblanche, Department of Surgery, J Floor, Old Main Building, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.1994.tb01577.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume9, Issue6December 1994Pages 643-645 RelatedInformation
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The October 12, 1992, Dahshur, Egypt, earthquake - Thenhaus, P.C.; Çelebi, Mehmet; Sharp, R.V. (International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1994)
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The problems of beginning mathematics teachers for the senior secondary school phase in some deprived black communities in South Africa - Tonder, Fanus van; Plessis, Nico du (Educational Research, 1994)
Summary Beginning mathematics teachers for the senior secondary school phase in the deprived black communities of South Africa are not only faced with the usual adjustment problems of beginning teachers, but find themselves in a unique problem situation. With this in view, a structured questionnaire was given to beginning teachers in the service of the education departments of four regions in South Africa that specifically serve black communities, in order to identify and investigate possible problems in the teaching situation. From these research results it was concluded that almost all the identified problems occur to a greater or lesser extent, and may therefore have a detrimental influence on the teaching situation. Some recommendations could eventually be made on the basis of these results.
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The role of the family in psychosocial adaptation to physical disabilities for African Americans. - Turner, William L.; Alston, Reginald J. (PubMed, 1994)
The psychosocial adjustment of patients who are experiencing physical disabilities is examined within the context of a family ecological approach. Historical and sociocultural characteristics of African-American families are delineated and explored in terms of their potentially positive impact on the adjustment process. Four family strengths are delineated: strong kinship bonds, strong religious orientation, family role flexibility, and strong education/work ethic. The authors demonstrate how these various assets interact reciprocally in the family lives of those individuals who are disabled. Contrary to the predominant deficit theories, a fresh asset-oriented approach is provided. A model of the family adjustment process of African-American clients with disabilities is presented, and some of the important strengths of the African-American family system are examined. Finally, a family strengths model is applied to the therapeutic process.
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Overcoming Structural Adjustment Policies in Africa: Strategies for Vocational Education and Training in the Sudan. - Washi, Sidiga; Pitamber, Sunita (1994)
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A Longitudinal Study of Career Decidedness among White South African High School Students - Watson, Mark; Stead, Graham B. (Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1994)
A Longitudinal study of the developmental nature of career decidedness and the relation of grade, socioeconomic status, and gender to such decidedness was undertaken on a sample of 214 white South African high school students. The results of the study support a developmental progression toward greater career decidedness for all students except those who progressed from Grades 9 to 11. Socioeconomic status and gender were not significantly related to career decidedness. The implications of these results for future research and for the career education of adolescents are considered.
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Changes in Educational Ideology in the South African Context and the Effects on Classroom Practice - Wildsmith-Cromarty, Rosemary (HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 1994)
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African and African American Graduate Students' Racial Identity and Personal Problem‐Solving Strategies - Bagley, Cherie A.; Copeland, Elaine J. (Journal of Counseling & Development, 1994)
This study examined differences on the Racial Identity Attitude Scale (RIAS; Helms & Parham, 1985) and the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI; Heppner, 1981, 1988) among 34 African and 48 African American graduate students. Significant differences were found on the preencounter and internalization scales of the RIAS. There were no group differences in coping ability as measured by the PSI. In addition, the African group experienced an acculturation effect as time in the United States was extended beyond 3 years. These differences in racial identity states have implications for cross‐cultural counseling.
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Safe Havens for African American Students: Finding Support on a White Campus. Draft. - Davis, R. Deborah (1994)
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Education programme against female genital mutilation in Egypt (Reproductive Health Matters, 1994)
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Observations from the 12 October 1992 Dahshour earthquake in Egypt - Badawi, Hossam S.; Mourad, Sherif A. (Natural Hazards, 1994)
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The 18 August 1994 Mascara (Algeria) earthquake—a quick‐look report - Benouar, Djillali; Aoudia, Abdelkrim; Maouche, Saïd; Meghraoui, Mustapha (Terra Nova, 1994)
Terra NovaVolume 6, Issue 6 p. 634-638 The 18 August 1994 Mascara (Algeria) earthquake—a quick-look report D. Benouar, D. Benouar USTHB, Civil Engineering Inst., BP 32, El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algeria;Search for more papers by this authorA. Aoudia, A. Aoudia CRAAG, BP 63, Bouzaréah, Algeria; ING, Via di Vigna Murata, Rome, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorS. Maouche, S. Maouche CRAAG, BP 63, Bouzaréah, Algeria; ING, Via di Vigna Murata, Rome, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorM. Meghraoui, M. Meghraoui CRAAG, BP 63, Bouzaréah, Algeria; ING, Via di Vigna Murata, Rome, Italy *Structure des matériaux géologiques, Dept. Sciences de la Terre, URA-CNRS 1369, Groupe de Cergy-Pontoise, 2, av. du Parc-8, Le Campus (bat.I), 95033 Cergy-Poutoise Cédex, France.Search for more papers by this author D. Benouar, D. Benouar USTHB, Civil Engineering Inst., BP 32, El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algeria;Search for more papers by this authorA. Aoudia, A. Aoudia CRAAG, BP 63, Bouzaréah, Algeria; ING, Via di Vigna Murata, Rome, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorS. Maouche, S. Maouche CRAAG, BP 63, Bouzaréah, Algeria; ING, Via di Vigna Murata, Rome, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorM. Meghraoui, M. Meghraoui CRAAG, BP 63, Bouzaréah, Algeria; ING, Via di Vigna Murata, Rome, Italy *Structure des matériaux géologiques, Dept. Sciences de la Terre, URA-CNRS 1369, Groupe de Cergy-Pontoise, 2, av. du Parc-8, Le Campus (bat.I), 95033 Cergy-Poutoise Cédex, France.Search for more papers by this author First published: November 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1994.tb00529.xCitations: 15 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL References Benouar D. (1994) The seismicity of Algeria and the Maghrib during the twentieth century, PhD dissertation, Imperial College London, UK . Deschamps A., Gauderner Y. and Cisternas A. (1982) The El Asnam Algeria earthquake of 10 October 1980, Multiple source mechanism determined from long period records, Bull. seism. Soc. Am., 72, 1111– 1128. McKenzie D. (1972) Active tectonics of the Mediterranean region, Geophys. J.R. astr. Soc., 30, 109– 185. Meghraoui M., Cisternas A. and Philip H. (1986) Seismotectonics of the Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) earthquake, Tectonics, 5(6), 809– 836. Rothé J.P. (1950) Les séismes de Kerrata et la séismicité de l'Algérie, Bull. Serv. Carte Géol. Algerie, Sér. 4, 3. Roussel J. (1973) Les zones active et la fréquence des séismes en Algérie, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord, 3–4, 211– 228. Udias A. and Buforn E. (1985) Mecanismo focal de los terremotos y sismotectonica del area Ibero-Moghrebi. In: Mecanismo de los terremotos y tectonica, pp. 217– 224. Univ. Complutense, Madrid . Yielding G., Ouyed M., King G.C.P. and Hatzfeld D. (1989) Active tectonics of the Algerian Atlas Mountains: evidence from aftershocks of the 1980 El Asnam earthquake, Geophys. J. Int., 99, 761– 788. Citing Literature Volume6, Issue6November 1994Pages 634-638 ReferencesRelatedInformation
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Factors and Determinants of Primary Teacher Effectiveness in Zimbabwe - Chivore, B. R. S. (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 1994)
This article is part of the study carried out in Zimbabwe between 1988 and 1994. The article examines primary teacher effectiveness using such variables as supervision by school heads and education officers, availability of resources, schemes of work, lesson plans, record-keeping teaching and learning aids, classroom, management, class management, language and communication, personal qualities, and the country’s education philosophy. On the whole, it was established that the majority of primary teachers in the study were not effective in high order skills areas. The area in which these teachers were least effective was the country’s education philosophy of Education With Production. The article concludes by giving brief recommendations.
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CASSAVA SAFETY IN TIMES OF WAR AND DROUGHT IN MOZAMBIQUE - Cliff, Julie (Acta horticulturae, 1994)
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Pediculosis capitis among urban school children in Ilorin, Nigeria. - Ebomoyi, E. William (PubMed, 1994)
A survey of 6882 primary school children living in Ilorin, Nigeria revealed that 3.7% of the children were infested with Pediculus humanus capitis. Infestation rate among the children in the Islamic community was 4.1%, whereas in the Christian area, the infestation rate was 3%. Girls had a higher infestation rate (5.6%) than boys (2.1%). The highest infestation rate (28.4%) was observed among girls of low socioeconomic class, followed by their male counterparts (11.2%). Factors associated with the onset of pediculosis included overcrowding, long hair, family size, age, living in a sordid environment, and personal hygiene. Strategies for the effective control of pediculosis are discussed.
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Control of Schistosoma mansoni and intestinal helminths: 8-year follow-up of an urban school programme in Bujumbura, Burundi - Engels, Dirk; Ndoricimpa, Jean; Nahimana, Samuel; Gryseels, B. (Acta tropica (Print), 1994)
Annual selective chemotherapy with praziquantel was implemented in primary schools in the endemic suburbs of Bujumbura from 1984 to 1992. During the first 6-year period, the overall prevalence among pupils decreased from 23.3% to 9.1%, a reduction of 61%. During the following 2-year period, in which only children from the 1st, 4th and 6th grade were examined in two of the four endemic suburbs (maintenance strategy), the prevalence decreased further to 6.4% or a 73% reduction from the beginning of the programme. The impact of annually repeated selective chemotherapy was more important on the intensity than on the prevalence of infection. It was also more pronounced in the senior grades of primary school. Its cumulative effect tended to decline over the years. The prevalence of infection in new entrants to the programme also decreased over the years, indicating a reduction of transmission. This change in transmission was different in each suburb and related to changes in the sanitary situation, the degree of urbanization and the accessibility to rural transmission sites. The results of helminth control, a secondary aspect of the school programme, were proportionately less pronounced than those obtained for schistosomiasis. The improvement in hygienic conditions has also contributed much to the outcome of this latter type of control. The cost, per person protected, of the programme was comparable with what has been reported by other, similar programmes. Application of a maintenance strategy to 57% of the target population has reduced the cost by 40%.
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The efficacy of apprenticeship training as preparation for self-employment in Kenya - Ferej, Ahmed (1994)
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Learning Style Preferences of Low- and High-Achieving Young African-American Males. - Jackson-Allen, Jennifer; Christenberry, Nola J. (1994)
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