Reflection on the medium of instruction in Namibian schools - Compion, Leona (1993)
Keywords: openalex:import

The volcano of Pointe Gombe (Gabon) and its relations with the Gulf of Guinea. - Cornen, G.; Bellón, Hervé; J‐L, Joron (1993)
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Epidemiological and clinical studies of vitamin A in Black South African pre-school children. - Coutsoudis, Anna (1993)
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Vital Signs: The State of African Americans in Higher Education. - Cross, Theodore (Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, 1993)
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The drought and its effect on the hydro-electric generating capacity of Zambia and Zimbabwe - Dale, Allan (1993)
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Les handicaps chronique à la marche : résultats d'une enquête porte à porte en milieu rural au Burkina Faso - Debouverie, Marc; Kabore, J.; Ouiminga, R.M.; Ouango, J.; Vaugelade, Jacques; Duboz, J.; Dumas, M. (HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 1993)
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Les handicaps chroniques à la marche. Résultats d'une enquête porte à porte en milieu rural au Burkina Faso - Debouverie, Marc; Kabore, J.; Ouiminga, R.M.; Ouango, J.; Vaugelade, Jacques; Duboz, J.; Dumas, M. (Médecine d'Afrique noire, 1993)
Une etude epidemiologique sur les handicaps chroniques a la marche a ete effectuee de Novembre 1988 a Janvier 1989 en zone rurale dans trois provinces du Burkina Faso. Le recrutement realise au porte a porte montre que le taux de prevalence des handicaps chroniques a la marche depasse 9 pour mille habitants. La poliomyelite occupe le premier rang des etiologies avec un tiers des cas, suivie de l'ensemble des autres maladies neurologiques, les affections rhumatologiques et orthopediques, et surtout les sequelles de dracunculose. Contraitement a d'autres etudes realisees en milieu urbain, le role des sciatites par injection medicamenteuse intrafessiere est negligeable dans les regions rurales faiblement medicalisees. Le role de certaines affections neurologiques telles les paraparesies spastiques tropicales reste a determiner. (Resume d'auteur)
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School and Community Politics: Issues, Concerns, and Implications When Conducting Research in African- American Communities - Debro, Julius; Dj, Conley (1993)
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Wind, surface water temperature, surface salinity and pollution in the area of the Banc d’Arguin, Mauritania - Dedah, Sidina ould (1993)
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Health education services in developing countries: the case of Zimbabwe - Dehne, Karl L.; Hubley, John (Health Education Research, 1993)
Journal Article Health education services in developing countries: the case of Zimbabwe Get access Karl L. Dehne, Karl L. Dehne Save the Children FundBP 615, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Hubley J. Hubley 1Health Education Unit, Leeds Metropolitan UniversityLeeds LS1 3HE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Health Education Research, Volume 8, Issue 4, December 1993, Pages 525–536, https://doi.org/10.1093/her/8.4.525 Published: 01 December 1993 Article history Received: 26 March 1992 Accepted: 16 November 1992 Published: 01 December 1993
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Training for agriculture self-sufficiency in Swaziland. - Dhlamini, B. M.; Simelane, Musa; Khumalo, David Vusimuzi; Mkandawire, R.; Matlosa, Khabele (1993)
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Disability and rehabilitation needs in the Gaza Strip : a survey report on Bureij and al-Shati refugee camps - Diakonia (1993)
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Problems of Rapid Expansion of Enrolment at University Level. Proceedings of the Government of Kenya/ILO/UNESCO: Case Study Workshop on the Status of Teachers in Kenya. Kenya Education Staff Institute Publication, 1993. Pp. 116 - Digolo, O.O (1993)
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Perceptions of students regarding the performance of O-level agriculture teachers in Swaziland school system - Dlamini, B.M.; Subair, S. K. (1993)
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Corporal and non-corporal disciplinary measures used by male and female teachers in Swaziland high schools - Dlamini, M.P. (1993)
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Factors related to the attitude of first-year university and college students toward the secondary agriculture components in Swaziland / - Dlamini, M.P. (1993)
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Predictors of college students' reasons for pursuing programmes of study and enroling in tertiary institutions in Swaziland - Dlamini, M.P. (UNISWA Journal of Agriculture, 1993)
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The soils and the vegetation of the Bisoke volcano (Rwanda): habitat of mountain gorillas - Dondeyne, Stefaan; Deckers, Seppe; Chapelle, Jean (1993)
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Educational Expansion and Gender Inequalities in Higher Education in Zimbabwe - Dorsey, Betty Jo (1993)
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Adult literacy teaching in Ghana: Adapting the Freirean approach and technique - Dorvlo, Leonard Kwami Tabernacle (1993)
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EVALUATION OF NATURAL HAZARDS IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE MALA WI RIFT (TANZANIA) - Ebinger, C. J.; Klerkx, J.; Delvaux, Damien; Wag, Ea (1993)
The natural hazards in the northern part of the Malawi rift are evaluated. In this area all types of risks related to a rift zone are present. The seismic activity is intense and concentrates along the major NW-trending fault zones which extend into the lake. Numerous explosive vol canic eruptions occurred in the region during Pleistocene time; the Kiejo volcano, which still vents C02 from fissures, erupted in the late 1800's. The whole area is shown to expe rience regional tectonic tilting due to subsidence along the Livingstone fault bounding the eastern side of the lake. Furthermore, extensive accumulation of gas is present under a shallow cover of sediments over large areas in the northern part of the lake. Gas erupts in the lake along a NNW tren ding active fault: it consists of a mixture of C02 and CH 4. Resume, - Une evaluation est faite des risques naturels dans la partie nord du rift du Malawi. Tous les types de risques lies aune zone de rift sont presents dans cette region. Une intense activite sismique se concentre Ie long des failles majeures dirigees NW s'etendant dans Ie lac. De nombreuses erup tions volcaniques explosives ont affecte la region durant Ie Pleistocene, tandis que Ie volcan Kiejo a connu sa derniere eruption au siecle dernier et continue aemettre du C02 Ie long de fissures. La region entiere est soumise aun bascule ment tectonique du a la subsidence Ie long de la faille bor diere de Livingstone, qui limite la partie orientale du lac. En outre, d'importantes accumulations de gaz sont presentes sous une faible couverture de sediments sur de grandes eten dues dans la partie nord du lac. Des gaz font eruption Ie long d'une faille active dirigee NNW au fond au lac; il s'agit d'un melange de C02 et de CH 4. Samenvatting. - De natuurlijke risico's in het noordelijk deel van de Malawi rift worden opgesomd. In dit gebied komen aile soorten risico's voor die aan een riftzone kunnen gebon den zijn. Een intense seismische aktiviteit is gebonden aan NW-gerichte hoofdbreuken die verder lopen in het meer. Talrijke explosieve vulkanische uitbarstingen hebben zich in de streek voorgedaan gedurende het Pleistoceen, terwijl een laatste uitbarsting van de Kiejo vulkaan gekend is uit de vorige eeuw; nog steeds wordt C02 uitgezonden langs breu ken. Het ganse gebied ondergaat een region ale tektonische kanteling onder invloed van subsidentie langs de Livings tone breuk die de oostelijke kant van het meer afbakent. Bovendien wordt gas opgehoopt onder een dunne bedekking van sedimenten over een uitgestrekt gebied in het noorden van het meer. Gas wordt uitgezonden in het meer langs een NNW gerichte aktieve breuk; het is samengesteld uit een mengsel van CO 2 en CH 4.
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A Household Survey of Farm Women's Access to Agro-Information and Technology: Implications for Extension Training and Rural Development in Nigeria - Eboh, Eric C. (Journal of Rural Development Hyderabad, 1993)
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Nigerian education : an analysis of problems impacting development - Ekpo, Joseph F. (1993)
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[A field study of some competencies needed for technical agricultural education teachers in Dekahlia and Demiatta Governorates [Egypt]] - El-Salsely (Annals of agricultural science, Moshtohor, 1993)
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Some Aspects on the Falyum-Egypt Earthquake of October 12, 1992 - El-Sohby, Mohamed A.; Bahr, Mohamed A.; Riyad, Mohamed H. (1993)
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Training School Librarians for the Nigerian School System: A New Perspective. - Elaturoti, David F. (1993)
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Engineering Aspects of the October 12, 1992 Egyptian Earthquake - Elgamal, A.; Amer, Mohamed R.; Adalier, Korhan; Abul-Fadl, A. (1993)
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Liquefaction During the October 12, 1992, Egyptian Dahshure Earthquake - Elgamal, Ahmed; Amer, Mohamed R.; Adalier, Korhan (1993)
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Drought-tolerant cassava for Africa, Asia, and Latin America - Elsharkawy (1993)
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Planning higher education: Towards an open university for the Sudan - Elsiddig, Mukhtar Osman (Distance Education, 1993)
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Preferences of Nigerian high school teachers for modes of assessment - Erinosho, Stella Y. (Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1993)
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Education in Kenya since independence - Eshiwani, George S (1993)
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Themes in Female-Authored YA Novels Preferred by Nigerian Secondary School Students. - Etim, James S. (The Journal of Reading, 1993)
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Development of horticulture training in Tanzania - Evers, R.G.; Minjas, A. N.; Mtaita, Tuarira (1993)
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Spatial reference in adult language acquisition : A multiple case study on Turkish and Moroccan learners of Dutch - Extra, G.; Hout, R.W.N.M. van; Kettemann, Bernhard; Wieden, Wilfried (1993)
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Distance education in anglophone Africa : experience with secondary education and teacher training / edited by Paud Murphy, Abdelwahed Zhiri. Economic Development Institute of the World Bank, 1992 - Fagbamiye, E.O. (Open praxis: the bulletin of the International Council for Distance Education, 1993)
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Elephants and ivory in the Congo since the ban: the lull before the storm? - Fay, J. Michael; Agnagna, Marcellin (Pachyderm, 1993)
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3. Description of Collecting Sites. The Vegetation of Kahuzi-Biega-National Park/Zaire, Nyungwe Forest and Virunga volcanoes/Rwanda - Fischer, Eberhard (1993)
During the BRYOTROP-Expedition in 1991, 71 collecting sites could be visited. These are situated in the Kahuzi-Biega-National Park/Zaire, the Nyungwe Forest and the Virunga volcanoes/Rwanda. This paper provides a short description of the vegetation in these three areas and a detailed list of all collecting sites.
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Against Vocationalism: The Case for a Late Selection, High Participation South African School System. - Fisher, Glen (1993)
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Progressive but Not Socialist: Political Education in the Zimbabwe Liberation War. - Foley, Griff (Convergence, 1993)
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Modeling Technology Transfer in Health Information Systems: Learning From the Experience of Chad - Foltz, Anne-Marie (International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 1993)
Abstract Health information systems are complex combinations of methods of organization and computer technologies. They are idiosyncratic to each country. Chad’s design of a national information system followed a process that can serve as a model for sustainable technology transfer—using consensual decision making and reinforcing administrative reforms while providing strong Ministry leadership and using technical assistance.
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Technological education, the child and national development in Africa - Forje, John W. (Journal of Psychology in Africa, 1993)
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Maize production, drought and AIDS in Monze District Zambia - Foster, Susan D. (Health Policy and Planning, 1993)
The 1992 Southern African drought focused the world's attention on the precarious food security situation of that region. In Monze District, southern Zambia, in addition to the drought there was also a serious epidemic of East Coast fever among the cattle, which resulted in the deaths of a large percentage of the district's herd causing further impoverishment among some of the district's poorer households. At the same time, AIDS and HIV disease are increasingly making an impact on the productivity of the district's population, with as many as one in 6.5 households already having experienced illness or a death due to AIDS. This paper describes the history of maize in Zambia, the impact of the 1992 drought and of the epidemic of East Coast fever, and the likely impact of AIDS on agriculture in the district.
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Literacy, Education, and Identity among African-Americans - Gadsden, Vivian L. (Urban Education, 1993)
The acquisition of literacy and uses of knowledge are tied to the transitions that people make and to understanding life and work in communities. They are intertwined with the community members' sense of self; history, and hopes for educational achievement. This article focuses on the dualism of literacy and education as an individual possession and communally embedded commodity within many segments of the African-American community. The discussion is based on the premise that literacy should be seen as a continuous, ever-changing activity, transformed by critical life events, translated as a result of life-span transitions, and defined and shaped by cultural and community beliefs about the price of education and the expected rewards of learning.
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The politics of the body and the politics of control: An analysis of class, gender and cultural issues in student politics at the University of Zimbabwe - Gaidzanwa, Rudo B. (Zambezia, 1993)
This article examines the social, political and cultural self-representations among students at the University of Zimbabwe, paying particular attention to the management of these representations and some of the significant social and political events engineered by and affecting students. These representations are important as a means of understanding the discourses of control between students of diverse gender, class and cultural backgrounds on campus. These representations are constantly being manipulated, contested and reworked in order to gain legitimacy in debates and discourses pertaining to student politics. IT IS IMPORTANT to understand the historical background to some of the present student struggles and initiatives. Gelfand (1978) and Cheater (1991) have written about the state's relationship with the university in the preand post-Independence eras, respectively. This article focuses rather on the relationships between students of different class and gender and students' relationship with the state as reflected in their political interactions with it, pointing out some of the tensions and frictions that have arisen in the process of reconciling internal student politics with their interactions with the state at various times since 1980. The following account is based on my experiences as a student at the University from 1976 to 1978, as a sub-warden of one of the female residences from 1979 to 1980, and as a lecturer since 1983.
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Preventive Measures in the Eradication of Infectious Diseases: What Can the African Countries Learn From the British Experience? - Gbesemete, Kwame P. (Scandinavian journal of development alternatives, 1993)
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Public education in Ethiopia: legacy and challenges - Gebre, Mohammed (1993)
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African-American Cultural Knowledge and Liberatory Education - Gordon, Beverly (Urban Education, 1993)
African-American scholars, although marginalized, can still disseminate liberatory education by using cultural knowledge as a form of discourse. It is argued that African-Americans, other people of color, and those committed to moving toward a democratic society, must counter Anglohegemony by continuing to employ liberatory and emancipatory pedagogy in schools and other learning institutions and situations. These actions pose a challenge to the cultural hegemony of American frames of reference, particularly as they pertain to the education of the polity. The author provides examples of lenses of "the other" and examines the implications of using these other lenses for educational liberatory efforts.
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Education and development in Ghana : an Asante village study - Gorgendière, Louise de la (1993)
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A study of pupils with moderate learning difficulties integrated in mainstream Scottish primary schools and some implications for teachers and curriculum support in Botswana - Gower, Peggy Masego (1993)
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Comparative philology and exodus 15,8: Did the Egyptians die in a storm? - Grabbe, Lester L. (Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament, 1993)
Abstract Abstract Did the Egyptians Die in a Storm? F. M. Cross and D. N. Freedman have argued that Exodus 15,1–19 presents a version of the crossing of the Reed Sea in which the Israelites are pursued by the Egyptians across a storm‐tossed sea in boats, instead of across the dry seabed with the waters in walls on either side. The central argument hinges on the meaning of qp’ and nd (v 8) in the light of comparative philology; however, careful application of comparative philology does not support their thesis.
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For Whom is the Rural Economy Resilient? Initial Effects of Drought in Western Sudan - Gray, L. E.; Kevane, Michael (Development and Change, 1993)
ABSTRACT This discussion piece addresses two recent debates: entitlement theory and the resilience of rural systems. The authors find that in western Sudan entitlement theory provides a specific and useful framework for understanding the nature of the crisis confronting the society. Arguments about the resilience of rural systems, however, need to be more closely examined and will depend on site‐specific factors. The rural economy and society of western Sudan were not found to be resilient.
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The political economy of drought in Southern Africa 1991–1993 - Green, Reginald Herbold (Health Policy and Planning, 1993)
Drought by itself does not lead to famine. That requires severe economic weakness, very poor national and/or external response and/or war. In practice, mass starvation does not happen in Africa in the absence of war. However, the degree of hunger and, perhaps even more, the speed of affected household livelihood recovery depend heavily on domestic and international strategic responses. The present standard donor political economy of response to crisis is one-off, short term, not incorporating livelihood rehabilitation or future vulnerability reduction. Further, it is usually managed in a way fragmenting national response and frequently decapacitating national structures. This ‘Good Samaritan’ approach provides no link back to ‘normal development’ which also tends to exclude post drought reconstruction by livelihood rehabilitation. National responses vary in coherence, degree of sophistication, capacity and relationship to sustaining or rehabilitating livelihoods. In part this reflects governing coalition political priorities - in the absence of war even a very poor state can mount programmes averting mass migration and famine (e.g. Tanzania). Both normative and efficiency criteria suggest more coherent/nationally owned responses within ongoing donor and national emergency response structures; greater expedition in action to avert people being forced to leave their homes, and building livelihood rehabilitation and future vulnerability reduction components into drought responses as integral components.
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The political economy of drought in Southern Africa 1991–1993 - GREEN, REGINALD HERBOLD (Health Policy and Planning, 1993)
Drought by itself does not lead to famine. That requires severe economic weakness, very poor national and/or external response and/or war. In practice, mass starvation does not happen in Africa in the absence of war. However, the degree of hunger and, perhaps even more, the speed of affected household livelihood recovery depend heavily on domestic and international strategic responses. The present standard donor political economy of response to crisis is one-off, short term, not incorporating livelihood rehabilitation or future vulnerability reduction. Further, it is usually managed in a way fragmenting national response and frequently decapacitating national structures. This ‘Good Samaritan’ approach provides no link back to ‘normal development’ which also tends to exclude post drought reconstruction by livelihood rehabilitation. National responses vary in coherence, degree of sophistication, capacity and relationship to sustaining or rehabilitating livelihoods. In part this reflects governing coalition political priorities - in the absence of war even a very poor state can mount programmes averting mass migration and famine (e.g. Tanzania). Both normative and efficiency criteria suggest more coherent/nationally owned responses within ongoing donor and national emergency response structures; greater expedition in action to avert people being forced to leave their homes, and building livelihood rehabilitation and future vulnerability reduction components into drought responses as integral components.
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Levels of use of recommended resources for teaching integrated science in Port Harcourt, Nigeria - Green, Rosamund Dienye (Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1993)
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Focus on Botswana art: art criticism in the classroom - Gron, E. (1993)
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Estimation des niveaux de pollution organique et bacterienne des eaux à proximité des berges de la ville d'Abidjan (Lagune Ebrié - Côte d'Ivoire) - Guiral, Daniel; Kouassi, Amani Michel; Arfi, Robert (1993)
This article presents the results of three surveys, which were undertaken in order to estimate the levels of organic and bacterial pollutions of the Ebrie lagoon banks in the urban area of Abidjan.
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Estimation des niveaux de pollution organique et bactérienne des eaux à proximité des berges de la ville d'Abidjan (Lagune Ebrié - Côte d'Ivoire) = Estimation of the levels of organic and bacterial pollution of waters near the Ebrie lagoon banks in the Abidjan area - Guiral, Daniel; Kouassi, Amani Michel; Arfi, Robert (1993)
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Education for librarianship: library educational extension in the institutions of higher learning for better dissemination of information and information literacy for national development in Zimbabwe - Gurira, Josephine (1993)
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An investigation on how the Scottish teachers for V.I. pupils differentiate Mathematics curriculum through flexible and effective methods of teaching and learning and adaptations and modifications, and support to meet the needs of V.I. pupils in integrated mainstream schools, with the view to drawing implications for the situation in Botswana - Habangana-Magogodi, Neo (1993)
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Effect of temperature, light, and simulated drought on the germination of some weed species from the Sudan - Hamada, A.; Koch, W.; Hamdoun, A. M.; Kunisch, Martin; Sauerborn, J. (1993)
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Racing ahead: a new IGCSE ESL course developed by a partnership of Namibian learners, teachers, specialists, and publishers - Hangala, P. (1993)
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Democratic Management and School Effectiveness in Africa: learning from Tanzania - Harber, Clive (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 1993)
(1993). Democratic Management and School Effectiveness in Africa: learning from Tanzania. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education: Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 289-300.
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African American and Non-African parents' perceptions of their sons' and/or daughters' with moderate disabilities school-to-work transitions - Harris, Vincent Eric (1993)
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An analysis of the South African state's policy with respect to private schools : 1976 to 1990 - Heilbuth, Peter (1993)
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Religious education in South Africa : reflections on past, present and possible future curriculum practice - Henkeman, Stanley (1993)
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Manpower Forecasting and Rapid Labour Market Analysis: the demand for technical school graduates in Egypt - Hinchliffe, Keith (The vocational aspect of education, 1993)
ABSTRACT Debate about manpower forecasting has continued for 25 years or more. The investigation reported here is an attempt to add to the debate. It focusses on the provision of secondary technical education in Egypt and the demand for technical school graduates, especially graduates from courses in agriculture. Egypt's secondary school system is more strongly vocationally oriented than that in most other developing countries. The approach used in the investigation has two components: interviews with potential employers and interviews with secondary school graduates. The supply of graduates from agriculture schools is seen to be far greater than likely demand. Severe constraints on the effective working of the labour market are apparent.
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Re-thinking education in South Africa: case studies of community participation in education in the Durban Functional Region - Hons, Ba (1993)
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Botswana the blessed? aid to education in Botswana: a preliminary analysis - Hopkin, A.G. (Mosenodi, 1993)
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A High School Teacher Preparation Program: Increasing the Supply of African-American Teachers. - Hunter-Boykin, Harriet (Teacher Education Quarterly, 1993)
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Distance education with special reference to the teaching of Christian theology in sub Saharan Africa - Hurford, Colin (1993)
The Thesis begins by considering the situations of three ideal typical students learning theology through a Theological Education by Extension' programme which, in Africa, is the most common form of Distance Education in Christian Theology. Use of the 'ideal typical' device is justified and then a brief survey of Extension Schemes in Africa is made. This is followed by a consideration of the principles of’ Distance Education. The problems facing Africa at the present time are listed as these provide the background and context of the study of Theology. As Distance Education deals primarily with adults, adult learning is discussed in some depth followed by the learning of Christian Theology which has its own particular issues and problems. African Traditional Religion plays a part in forming the view of the African thought world and belief in God and the main aspects of this are considered alongside. the teaching of Christian Theology. Schemes of Distance Learning in Theology currently or recently in use are then considered with references to texts. Finally conclusions are drawn to suggest ways forward for good Distance Learning in Christian Theology.
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On colonial adult education and the underdevelopment of Africa - Indabawa, Sabo A. (1993)
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Celebrating African-American Traditions: Justice and Peace Education. - Inkel, Maxine (Momentum, 1993)
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Computers in Engineering Education in Ghana - Jackson, Emily (European Journal of Engineering Education, 1993)
SUMMARY This paper looks at the areas where the computer is used in Ghana and determines the future of the computer industry in the country. It then outlines plans through which engineers can be trained to meet these challenges in the country.
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Curriculum implementation in mathematics classrooms in Zimbabwean secondary schools - Jaji, Gail (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 1993)
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African armyworm outbreaks: why do they occur after drought? - Janssen, Jordi (1993)
The African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae), feeds almost exclusively on plants of the families Gramineae and Cyperaceae. It is a severe pest of crops, including maize, sorghum and millet, especially on the eastern side of the African continent where a marked seasonal occurrence of outbreaks coincides with the rains. First outbreaks of a season can arise soon after the start of the short rains (October-November) in the so-called primary outbreak areas, which are located in the zone separating the lower desert area to the east from the highlands to the west in Kenya and Tanzania. Adults from these primary outbreaks migrate downwind on the prevailing easterly winds to give rise to subsequent generations further west in secondary outbreak areas. The outbreak season subsequently ends during the long dry season. No further outbreaks are reported, and densities remain very low, until the start of the following short rainy season. Current control aims to destroy, with insecticides, any outbreaks that are critical in terms of their potential to generate upsurges in following generations. Many primary outbreaks are critical in this sense. Outbreak development of the African armyworm is known to vary greatly between years in eastern Africa: in some years hardly any outbreaks are reported while in others severe infestations occur over very large areas. Drought (below average precipitation) in particular, has often been associated with the most severe outbreak seasons. As outbreaks usually seem to develop on plants which are free of drought stress but that are growing on soils that have previously been subjected to severe drought for a considerable time, the existence of a delayed indirect effect of drought on outbreak development of the African armyworm is postulated. It is hypothesized that: Periods of more severe drought encourage the occurrence of more severe outbreaks by stimulating the mineralization process in the soil when it is remoistened by rainfall as the drought breaks. This results in higher soil nitrate levels and, consequently, higher nitrogen levels in host plants of the African armyworm, thus increasing larval developmental rate and survival (especially of very young larvae) as well as the fecundity of subsequent adults. This hypothesis is based on the knowledge that the decomposition of organic material by bacteria in a soil after wetting is correlated with the duration and temperature of the drying period to which the soil has been exposed (the socalled 'Birch-effect'), and that higher nitrogen contents in host plants have often been observed to increase herbivore fitness. The aim of the present study has been to test this hypothesis.
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To Go or Not to Go: Rural African American Students' Perspectives About Their Education - Jeffries, Rhonda (Journal of Negro Education, 1993)
When I was growing up, there was never a thought in my mind about whether or not I would go to school. It was a given that I was going to go to school every day as long as my parents were alive and the Lord woke me up in good health. There was no room for negotiation about my being there. For my family, getting some kind of education is not something one does in order to climb social ladders or get a job that pays a high salary; rather, it is viewed as what one must do to be prepared for life and for harmonious existence with other human beings. By the time I was in high school, I went to school not so much with the idea of memorizing or accepting the bulk of information that was presented to me day after day, but to learn to play by the rules and the accepted norms of my society. My family is African American and middle-class with a mommy, a daddy, and two kids, a home that we owned, two cars, electric lights, heat, plenty of food-you know, a Happy Days family, only Black. As I was growing up, I thought everybody else had these things simply because they needed them. Needless to say, neither my family nor the schools I attended during my youth did anything to broaden my limited view of the world. This is probably the case for most middle-class youth, White or Black. Nothing about the educational process is challenged because children from middle-class, two-parent homes have been conditioned to fit into the educational system so nicely that they usually transit the system kink-free. Lynch (1979) points out in his research that, contrary to studies which assert that biological reproduction is the family's primary function, the family's reproduction tasks extend into the area of preserving culture and social cohesion as well. Thus, the family serves as a means to an end for the schools by facilitating the maintenance of the educational status quo. For poor kids, especially African American ones who may not have lived the Happy Days life, the differences between the rules and expectations of the school and the home miles apart. According to Fine (1991), poor adolescents are faced with a set of social circumstances
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Forward Together: The United States' Role in Namibian Education and Training. The Namibian Education Program Working Paper #2. - Johnson, Walton R.; Devlin-Foltz, David E. (1993)
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Lagniappe - Teaching and Learning About African American and Native American Cultures in North Carolina - Jones, Jr. Plummer Alson (North Carolina libraries, 1993)
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Social Economic Implication Of Structural Adjustment In Kenya. The Implications For Education, Health And Unemployment... - Kabubo-Mariara, Jane; Mwega, Francis (1993)
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History education in a democratic South Africa. - Kallaway, Peter (Teaching history, 1993)
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African Traditional Education as an Economic and Social Factor in History - Kalous, Milan (Archiv Orientalni, 1993)
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Language and literature skills: a case for Swaziland schools - Kamera, W.D.; Malambe, G.B. (UNISWA Research Journal, 1993)
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Bitter Seeds: Girls' Participation in Primary Education in the Gambia - Kane, Emily W. (1993)
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Exploring critical reflection as a possibility for teacher education in a post-colonial context (Sierra Leone) - Kanu, Yatta (1993)
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Understanding and interpretation of time concepts used in history teaching among secondary school pupils in Botswana - Kapaale, R.S. (1993)
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Before the Winds Changed: Peoples, Places and Education in the Sudan - Kapteijns, Lidwien; Beasley, Ina; Starkey, Janet (International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1993)
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Long Term Earthquake Prediction in the New Guinea-Bismarck Sea Region Based on the Time and Magnitude Predictable Model. - Karakaisis, G. F. (Journal of physics of the earth, 1993)
The New Guinea-Bismarck Sea region has been divided into 17 seismogenic sources on the basis of certain seismological and geomorphological criteria. In each of these sources the interevent times between successive main shocks with magnitudes equal to or larger than certain cut-off magnitudes were considered. These interevent times as well as the magnitudes of the main shocks have been used to determine the following relations: log Tt = 0.36Mmin + 0.28Mp - 0.49 logMo + 9.58, ME = 0.74Mmin-0.31Mp+0.49logMo-8.53, where Tt is the calculated interevent time measured in years, Mmin is the magnitude of the smallest main shock considered, Mp and ME are the magnitudes of the preceding and the expected main shocks and Mo is the yearly released seismic moment in each source. On the basis of these relations and considering the date and the magnitude of the last main shock, conditional probabilities for the next 10 years (1993-2002) and the magnitude of the expected main shock in each source were determined.
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Mapping out Directions in Formal Education for the Girl Child in Kenya - Karani, Florida A (1993)
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Participatory Education in a South African Context: Contradictions and Challenges - Kerfoot, Caroline (TESOL Quarterly, 1993)
This paper describes and critiques a participatory ESL curriculum development project within a South African nongovernmental organisation. It locates this project within the political and economic context as South Africa moves from apartheid towards democracy. The contradictions inherent in developing participatory curricula and materials for large-scale use are described, and the choices made to reconcile them discussed. The paper ends with a discussion of the challenges facing adult basic education (ABE) in the future and suggests some directions for development. I was born in Zwelethemba Location in Worcester. There when I was seven years I start at school. And I carry on. Till up to Standard 5. My mother didn't have money for me to carry on at school. Because my father was just disappear when we still sapouse to go to school. Then I had to leave school and go to work on the grapes farm, and I carry on until I'm 16 years. Then my aunt find me a job in Cape Town. There they start to pay me R15,00 [$6] per week, but my aunt didn't have rights to live in Cape Town. We were living in Modderdam Bush. Sometimes we have to get up about 4:30 a.m. because we don't have rights to live in Cape Town. We must run away every day like that and the police charge us every day. Then they decide to demolish all the shacks in that bush. Then we sleep in the open grounds for about two weeks. One of the church fathers came to the camp one evening to fetch us to the church hall in Rondebosch because it was raining. There we live for two weeks again, then one morning the police soround the church to arrest us and then they take us to Pollsmoor Prison. There we were fine R30 [$12] each. We moved to another location what's called Crossroad. There the setuwation was still the same, we also get arrested. (Cynthia Bushwana, 1987, Cape Town. Reproduced with permission.)
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Participatory education in South Africa: contradictions and challenges. - Kerfoot, Caroline (1993)
This paper describes and critiques a participatory ESL curriculum development project within a South African nongovernmental organisation. It locates this project within the political and economic ...
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United Nations Training Course in Toponymy, Pretoria, South Africa, June 29 - July/juillet 9, 1992 - Kerfoot, H (1993)
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Agricultural Education and Training for Rural Development in Africa. - Keya, SO (1993)
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Mariannhill Mission and African education, 1882-1915. - Khandlhela, Risimati Samuel. (1993)
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The role of the primary school teacher in curriculum development: a study of the Scottish and Zimbabwean practice - Khimbini, Vinah Violet (1993)
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Enhancing co-operation among African law schools: comparative law studies within the African context - Kibwana, Kivutha (1993)
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Environmental education in Swaziland - Kidd, Jacqueline (1993)
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The Limited Presence of African-American Teachers - King, Sabrina Hope (Review of educational research, 1993)
The limited presence of talented African Americans in the teaching profession has been and continues to be a serious problem confronting the education profession and the African-American community in the United States. This review summarizes what is known from the research literature. It explores the reasons that African-American teachers are important as well as overall demographic, entry, and retention trends and the distinctive factors that influence the limited presence of African-American teachers. Finally, a suggested research agenda is presented.
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Why Did We Choose Teaching Careers and What Will Enable Us to Stay?: Insights from One Cohort of the African American Teaching Pool - King, Sabrina Hope (Journal of Negro Education, 1993)
As the United States school population becomes increasingly culturally and racially diverse, talented' teachers who represent this diversity are essential (Haberman, 1987; Smith, 1989; Tewell & Trubowitz, 1987). The recruitment and retention of talented African American teachers thus becomes one of the critical educational issues of the 1990s (King, 1993). There is a scarcity, both of African American teachers in particular (Hatton, 1988) and of talented teachers in general (Murnane, Singer, & Willett, 1989). Varying perspectives on the reasons why African American teachers are important include the notion that African American teachers are needed by African American students (as well as students of other ethnicities) to serve as role models and help these students experience the reality that African Americans are and can be successful (Graham, 1987). African American students are in particular need of teachers who can understand and teach within the context of the African American experience and who believe and expect them to be successful (Alexander &
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The enrollment and persistence of African-American doctoral students in physical education and related disciplines - King, Sue (1993)
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Influences of social factors on the work context of science teachers and on the implementation of science curriculum: A case of two Kenyan high schools - Kithinjii, Wanja (1993)
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AIDS and Its Consequences for Families, Health Care and Education in Arusha and Kilimanjaro, Tanzania - Klepp, Knut‐Inge; Lie, Gro Th.; Lugoe, L. Wycliffe; Ngomuo, Eliringia T. (Forum for Development Studies, 1993)
Summary Knut-Inge Klepp, Gro T. Lie, L. Wycliffe Lugoe and Eliringia T. Ngomuo, ‘AIDS an Its Consequences for Families, Health Care and Education in Arusha and Kilimanjaro, Tanzania’, Forum for Development Studies, No. 1, 1993, pp. 63–73. Drawing on our experience from the Tanzanian-Norwegian AIDS Project currently being implemented in the Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions, we focus on some of the consequences the HIV/AIDS epidemic seems to have for families, the health care system and the educational sector in local communities. The AIDS epidemic brings with it a new kind of stress that is causing psycho-social and economic burdens for an increasing numbers of families. For families, overcoming the stigma attached to AIDS, coping with the extra economic burden when family providers contract AIDS and caring for the increasing number of orphans are three of the main challenges created by the current HIV/AIDS epidemic. Similarly, the growing epidemic is posing new challenges to an already overburdened health care system and to primary public education. While, to a large extent, Tanzania has the personnel necessary to provide AIDS-related care and HIV preventive services, the economic situation has made it extremely difficult to provide these, and the epidemic is currently a major threat to the future health and development of local communities.
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SUBMARINE MUD VOLCANOES IN THE ZONE OF COLLISION OF THE AFRICAN PLATE WITH THE AEGEAN VOLCANIC ARC - Konyukhov, A. I.; Gurskii, Y.N. (Доклады Академии наук, 1993)
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Difficulties and Dead Endings in Teaching African American Literature in Indian Universities - Krishnaraj, Darius (MELUS, 1993)
Difficulties and Dead Endings in Teaching African American Literature in Indian Universities Get access Darius Krishnaraj Darius Krishnaraj Government Arts College, Ooctaramund, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MELUS, Volume 18, Issue 4, December 1993, Pages 53–61, https://doi.org/10.2307/468119 Published: 01 December 1993
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Politics and Education in Zimbabwe: The Country's Transition to Freedom Could Provide Helpful Model for South Africa. - Kumbula, Tendayi S. (Black Issues in Higher Education, 1993)
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Report on research and training in animal science at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania: 1969 to 1990 - Kurwijila, R.L.; Mgheni, M. (BSAP Occasional Publication, 1993)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
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Opinions of dental students in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and in Kuopio (Finland) concerning studies and expectations for future career. - Kuusela, Sara; Honkala, Eino; Hausen, Hans Jacob; Rwakatema, DS; Gyua, I; Lampiranta, M (PubMed, 1993)
The aim of this study was to compare the social background, career choice and future plans of dental students in a developing country, Tanzania, and in an industrialized country, Finland. In Dar es Salaam 100 per cent (n = 25) and in Kuopio 95 per cent (n = 120) of all dental students participated in this study during the academic year 1990-91 by returning an anonymous questionnaire. The similarities that Tanzanian and Finnish dental students shared were related to their feelings and opinions about dental studies and stress. In both places, dental studies seemed to be perceived quite stressful. However, most of the students from both countries planned to pursue further studies after graduation. As future career options, teaching and research were preferred among the Tanzanian students (38 per cent), while the majority of Finnish students (56 per cent) planned to work in community service. The observed difference in the preferred career options was most probably due to differing practical opportunities for a graduating dentist in the two countries.
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Air pollution in Kenya - Kwach, R; Gatebe, CK; Njau, L. N.; Mukolwe, EA (1993)
Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EXDRF) analysis of aerosol samples in Nairobi is presented. Results show that elemental concentrations is of the order of 10^ to lO \igfm^ for most elements analyzed. The total suspended particulate (TSP) matter were between 30 80 fig/m for the entire sampling period between Dec. 1993 to October 1994. Levels of lead (Pb) are below WHO guidelines. However, the obtained bromine (Br) to Pb ratio: 0 3 0.51, which is an indication that the origin of Pb is due to the vehicular emissions. This ratio was particularly high during the month of April to July 1994 which were also found to be very active in terms of weather parameters.
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Access of Women to Higher Education in Uganda: An Analysis of Inequalities, Barriers and Determinants - Kwesiga, Joy (1993)
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The impact of organizational decline on African American students in Massachusetts four-year public institutions of higher education. - Lane, Phyllis Myra (1993)
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Indigenisation of the curriculum in Nigerian library schools: a survey of its impact on practitioners - Lawal, Olu Olat (African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 1993)
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Increasing aquaculture to cope with decreasing fishing-hauls in Sahel countries: what strategy against the drought? The Nigerian example - Lazard, Jérôme; Ali, Ibrahim; Mikolasek, Olivier (1993)
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Age, nature and geodynamic significance of the Kate-Kipili plutono-volcanic complex in western Tanzania - Lenoir, J.L; Liégeois, Jean-Paul; Mruma, A.; Theunissen, K. (1993)
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Oxytoxin therapy of streptomycin induced hearing loss in the guinea pig and underlying mechanism - Li, Qian (Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, 1993)
Oxytoxin (OXT) was given for 20 days to the guinea pig with hearing loss induced by Streptomycin treatment of 20 days. EcochG and 40 Hz auditory event related potential (40 Hz AERP) were recorded by long-term implanted electrodes and endocochlear potential (EP) and the pathological changes were observed correlatively. It was found that the development of hearing loss stopped and the eiectric responsing threshold recovered for more than 20 dB due to the OXT treatment. The damage of hair cell in OXT group was also much slighter. Indicated mechanism of OXT effects was discussed.
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The challenges of strategic planning in distance education institution in developing countries: the case of the South African Extension Unit (SAEU) - Ligate, Nderikyo Elizabeth (Open praxis: the bulletin of the International Council for Distance Education, 1993)
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Dietary pattern and state of nutrition among children in drought-prone areas of southern Ethiopia - Lindtjørn, Bernt; Alemu, Tekie; Bjorvatn, Bjarne (Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 1993)
SummaryTo assess dietary habits and nutritional state in drought-prone areas of southern Ethiopia, we studied 334 households in a pastoral and 282 in an agricultural community. Milk and cereals were the main sources of food among children of the pastoral Boran in Dubluk, while cereals with limited supplements of animal products or legumes formed the main sources of food among children of the agricultural population of Elka in the Rift valley. Of the children in Elka, 54.9% were stunted, as compared with 19.5% among children in Dubluk. Also, stunting occurred at an earlier age among the Elka children. Prevalences of wasting were less than 5% in both communities. Improvement in the state of nutrition of the pastoral children followed soon after the main rains, but occurred later and after the main harvest among the agricultural children. In contrast to arm circumference, the weight-for-height measure showed marked seasonal variation. Socio-economic factors, such as family wealth and crowding, significantly influenced the state of nutrition among the children. Nutritional recovery following the prolonged drought among the agricultural children was slow and associated with families acquiring more wealth.
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Population growth, fertility, mortality and migration in drought prone areas in Ethiopia - Lindtjørn, Bernt; Alemu, Tekie; Bjorvatn, Bjarne (Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1993)
Journal Article Population growth, fertility, mortality and migration in drought prone areas in Ethiopia Get access Bernt Lindtjørn, Bernt Lindtjørn ∗ 1Centre for International Health and Medical Department B, University of Bergen, Norway ∗Address for correspondence: Dr Bernt Lindtjørn, Centre for International Health, Armauer Hansen Building, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tadesse Alemu, Tadesse Alemu 2Department of Community Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bjarne Bjorvatn Bjarne Bjorvatn 1Centre for International Health and Medical Department B, University of Bergen, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 87, Issue 1, January-February 1993, Pages 24–28, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(93)90407-H Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Received: 13 February 1992 Revision received: 27 May 1992 Accepted: 27 May 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
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Getting on the Right Track: A Program for African American High School Students. - Locke, Don; Faubert, Marie (The School counselor, 1993)
School is prominent as center of the so& Pasteur, 1975). An African-centered cial lives of successful African American perspective in counseling refers to taking adolescents (Lee, 1989b). Characteristics of into account the African roots of African successful African American adolescents American students. This perspective in are educational experiences with eludes that point of view with which school providing the major social outlet African American students can identify (Lee, 1985, p. 140). Successful African because they can see themselves, their cul American adolescents feel good about ture, their history, or their traditions (or all school as a place to socialize and make of these) in the counseling experience, friends (Lee, 1984, p. 430). Furthermore, Counselors sometimes counsel African successful African American students American students who do not recognize have positive feelings about remembering themselves, their culture, their history, or their school life when they have become their traditions displayed or affirmed in the adults (Edwards, 1976; Powell & White, school setting. We describe pilot study 1972). They remember specific positive exin which counselors provide African periences in school (e.g., being recognized, American high school students with op making the honor roll, or taking class portunities to esteem their African roots, trips) (Edwards, 1976). The Getting on the Right Track Project was In addition, adults influence successful African American adolescents, and often these adults are counselors. Positive role
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The effect of group contact and curriculum on white, Asian American and African American students' attitudes. - Lopez, Gretchen E. (Deep Blue (University of Michigan), 1993)
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Risques naturels en Afrique équatoriale. L'exemple du Gabon (Natural Hazards in Equatorial Africa. Gabon case) - Loubamono, Solange; Faugères, Lucien (Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français, 1993)
Résumé. - Les violents averses de la saison pluvieuse d'octobre 1988, réparties sur l'ensemble du Gabon, ont provoqué des inondations catastrophiques le long du cours de l'Ogooué et de ses principaux affluents. Les agglomérations ont été durement frappées, mais particulièrement Franceville et la ville de Lambaréné, la plus exposée aux risques d'inondation. La prise de conscience récente de l'importance des risques d'origine naturelle au Gabon, jusqu'alors tenus pour négligeables, est liée à cet épisode au cours duquel des décisions importantes durent être prises. Pour tenter de discerner les causes profondes de l'apparition récente du phénomène, ainsi que pour évaluer l'efficacité du début de gestion des risques qui est alors mis en place pour lui répondre, deux études ont été entreprises sur les deux secteurs représentatifs de Franceville et Lambaréné. Elles montrent le rôle des dégradations du milieu d'origine anthropique, particulièrement sensibles le long du tracé du chemin de fer transgabonais.
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Reproductive performance of Zambian goats under drought conditions - Lovelace, C.E.A.; Masebe, P.O.C.S.; Sakala, B.; Nyirenda, I.; Sikazwe, G.; Mizinga, Kemmy M.; Lungu, J.C.N. (1993)
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The geology and geochemistry of the volcanic rocks of the Pongola sequence in southern Swaziland. - Mabuza, Mbongeni Henry. (1993)
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Conditions of pre-schools in Swaziland - Magagula, C. (1993)
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Relationship between bureaucratization and job satisfaction: the case of primary school headteachers in Malawi - Magagula, C. (1993)
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Education of children with disabilities and special needs in South Africa - Makhubela-Nkondo, Olga (1993)
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Financing Islamic education in Muslim minority states: the case of Nigeria - Malami, Hussaini Usman (Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs, 1993)
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Keynote address on the national strategies for the realization of basic education for all (BEFA) in Kenya - Maleche, M.K. (1993)
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Resistance to the western system of education by the early migrant community of Maiurno (Sudan) - Manga, a. Abu (1993)
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Gender and access to education: the Nigerian situation - Mangvwat, Joyce; Abama, E.A. (1993)
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There is no Sun in Africa but Drought - Marechera, Nhamo (1993)
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Language and Education, with special reference to the Mother-Tongue Policy in African Schools - Marivate, C. N. (Language Matters, 1993)
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Training on Southern African railways - Mashingaidze, Evelyn (1993)
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Higher Education in Liberia: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow - Mason, Melvin J.; Tokpa, Henrique F.; Gongar, E. Othello; Mason, Ansu G. (Liberian studies journal, 1993)
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An intercomparison of general circulation models over Africa: Implications for future climate change. - Massaquoi, Joseph (1993)
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Re-thinking education in South Africa : case studies of community participation in education in the Durban Functional Region. - Matsepe, Rosemary Mputsanyane. (1993)
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AIDS and Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa - Mburugu, Edward (1993)
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African Caribbean schooling and the British Education system - McCalman, Lionel (1993)
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Africans and Black Americans in the Comintern Schools, 1925-1934 - McClellan, Woodford (International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1993)
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Reclaiming the African American Vision for Teaching: Toward an Educational Conversation - McCullough-Garrett, Alice (Journal of Negro Education, 1993)
I remember so vividly the image of Centerville I had seen on the television program detailing the town's plight. I remember the faces of young Black children playing in yards located just a few feet from pools of backedup raw sewage. I remember the outhouses behind homes that did not have inside running water, in a community located only 15 miles from one of the state's largest research universities and less than 15 miles from its acclaimed high-tech industrial triangle community. This was to be the site of my research: Centerville, the town that 17 years ago lost its only remaining school as a result of desegregation. Desegregation has been carefully and comprehensively studied by many researchers (Jaynes & Williams, 1989; Ogbu, 1986), yet little of this research has addressed its consequences for African American teachers. This article presents the results of a qualitative study on the effects of desegregation on African American teachers in the town of Centerville. Using observations, documented reviews, and oral history interviews, it examines the role of African American teachers in transmitting knowledge, values, and beliefs to youth, and in promoting, against the odds, a sense of community in the rural South.
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Teaching by, and among the dispossessed : South African teacher's perception of self and profession / - Mda, Thobeka Vuyelwa (1993)
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Preparing adolescents for adulthood: family life education and school expulsion in Kenya. - Meekers, Dominique; Gage, Anastasia J.; Zhan, Li (1993)
Pregnancy-related school dropouts have become a matter of public concern throughout sub-Saharan Africa. In most cases schoolgirls who become pregnant either have to resort to unsafe illegal abortions or they face official school expulsion. Because girls who drop out of school due to pregnancy usually do not return to school to complete their education after the birth of their child their opportunities for socioeconomic advancement are limited. Most African governments have included family life education programs in the school curriculum in an attempt to educate adolescents about the consequences and responsibilities associated with sexual activity. The high rates of schoolgirl pregnancies suggests that these programs have their shortcomings and indicate that educational policies should attempt not only to reduce the incidence of schoolgirl pregnancies but also to assist pregnant schoolgirls to complete their education. In this paper we use data from a sample of 154 Kenyan primary and secondary schools to study differentials in the extent to which various types of schools are affected by pregnancy-related school dropouts and variations in school policies that deal with this issue. (authors)
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Solitary thyroid nodule in adult Ethiopian patients. Analysis and experience in management in a teaching hospital. - Mengistu, M (PubMed, 1993)
Between February 1986 and January 1991, a total of 340 patients with thyroid diseases were seen; 115 (33.8%) had solitary nodules. Of the latter, 28 had toxic adenoma and 87 had euthyroid nodules (M:F = 0.14:7.21); the mean age for the non-toxic cases was 32.8 +/- 10.0 years and for the toxic cases, 40.2 +/- 15.2 years. Clinically, the toxic nodules were 0.5 to 6 cm in diameter, cystic in over 36% and firm in the rest; no regional lymph node enlargement was noted. Thyroid scan in 45 (52%) patients showed 38 'cold', 4 hypofunctioning and 3 hyperfunctioning nodules. Ultrasonography in 22 patients (25.3%) revealed 9 cystic and 13 solid nodules, consistent with the clinical finding. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in 61 patients (70.1%) showed 30 cystic, 15 benign, 2 follicular adenoma, 2 Hürtle cell adenoma, 1 papillary carcinoma and 1 thyroiditis. Ten patients were operated; histology confirmed the cytology diagnosis in all but 1 in whom the cytology was benign but histology showed papillary carcinoma. The fine needle aspiration was also useful in the treatment of cystic lesions; hence it should be adopted particularly in areas where there is bed shortage.
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Teaching satellite television: A South African microstudy - Mersham, Gary; Hooyberg, Volker (Communicatio, 1993)
SUMMARY The purpose of this article is to share with fellow lecturers and teachers in the communication field perspectives on some of the issues of satellite communication and the University of Zululand's practical experiences in exposing students to satellite television communication. The point of departure is that there is a great deal of speculation about the impact of global telecommunications and information technology, and the nature of the information society, but very little data about what is actually going on. With this in mind certain trends, concepts and issues in the field of satellite communication are discussed, and followed up by a case study amongst the students and staff at the University of Zululand.
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A continuing education programme in paediatrics in Tanzania. - Meurs, Alfred (PubMed, 1993)
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Evaluation of visual impairment and blindness in Cameroon. A survey in a forest area - Migliani, R.; Louis, Jean‐Paul; Auduge, André; Trébucq, A; Gélas, H. (Cahiers d'études et de recherches francophones / Santé, 1993)
Une enquete transversale avec echantillonnage en grappes a permis d’estimer l’importance des deficiences visuelles en zone rurale de foret au Cameroun. La prevalence instantanee standardisee de la baisse de vision bilaterale est de 4 %, celle de la cecite unilaterale de 1,8 % et celle de la cecite bilaterale est egale a 1,2 %. La cataracte senile est la cause principale de deficience visuelle, responsable dans la zone rurale de foret de 32 000 cecites uni- ou bilaterales, et de 132 000 baisses de vision uni- ou bilaterales. Les opacites corneennes totales ou centrales sont la deuxieme cause de deficience et concernent 8 % de l’ensemble des malvoyants. Au vu de ces estimations, il semble opportun d’envisager l’elaboration d’un programme national de lutte adequat.
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Reading, writing and farming: a pedagogical guide for post-literacy training, based on experiences in Senegal. - Millican, Juliet (1993)
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Towards a Better Understanding of the Functioning of School Systems for Better Decision Making : The Case of Private Schools in Togo - Mingat, Alain; Kudjoh, Ayélé (1993)
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Adult Education and the African State in the Post Cold War Era. - Minnis, John R. (Convergence, 1993)
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A comparison of achievement and attendance of fifth grade African American male and female students attending same-gender classes and coeducational classes in two inner city schools - Mitchell, Ethel Whitfield (1993)
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Pollution of wetlands in Tanzania - Mkuula, S. (1993)
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HIV/AIDS education participation by the African community. - Mm, Nakyonyi (PubMed, 1993)
Africans United to Control AIDS, an HIV/AIDS community-based programme, is described. The project goal is to increase HIV/AIDS awareness among the African community in Metropolitan Toronto within a culturally appropriate context. A brief overview of African immigration to Canada is presented. Community participation, programme activities, outreach strategies and education sessions are discussed. Outreach strategies include the development of education materials and media contacts. The section on education sessions includes the preparation, delivery and evaluation of these sessions, and subjects such as misconceptions, marriage, sexuality, confidentiality, basic HIV/AIDS information, condoms, homophobia, use of videos. Success, failures, barriers to HIV/AIDS education and overcoming these barriers are discussed throughout this article.
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Post-Apartheid Education: Towards Non-Racial, Unitary and Democratic Socialization in the New South Africa - Mncwabe, M. P. (1993)
This book was born out of the author's conviction that parents, teachers, academics, students and democratically-minded citizens of South Africa need a new educational policy framework capable of restoring hope to education and schools. The author describes the nature of South Africa's educational history, as well as its current crises, and examines crucial events in its breakdown. This study is intended as a contribution to the current debates about education in South Africa, offering alternative and hopeful visions grounded in real suggestions for change and improvement. Mncwabe, an educator in South Africa, sends the message of necessary change in order for a new and peaceful South Africa ever to be built. Contents: Education for Black People in South Africa: The Government's Unfinished Business; The Convoluted Structure of Education in South Africa; High Black Teacher-Pupil Ratio and White-Teacher Retrenchments; Mandela Meets De Klerk on Black Education Crisis; Government School Announcement and Community Responses; The Doors of White Schools Creak Open; Education and Respect for Diversity of Cultures; The Education Renewal StrategyoA Further Ploy To Keep White Schools White; The National, Non-Racial and Democratic Education SystemoThe Only Solution; Bibliography; Index.
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Developing technology education in Botswana - Molwane, Olefile Bethuel (1993)
With respect to technological order and socio-economic and environmental concerns, African educators are challenged to present pupils with a technology education that combines a broad technical spectrum of activities with a wide range of community settings. Botswana's leadership has identified Technical and Vocational Education and Design and Technology as strategic components of the nation's development. The paper seeks to outline the development of technical education in schools in Botswana to date and their impact on teacher education. It also assesses the creditability of our educational system in technology and looks to its future developments. A brief outline of the concept of Design and Technology as interpreted in Botswana is given; the role and relevance of technical and vocational education in Botswana and their implications for initial teacher education are narrated. The strengths and weaknesses of the present developments are discussed.
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Development of Education in Botswana : focus on Community Initiatives - Moorad, Fazlur (Mosenodi, 1993)
This paper traces the historical development of education in Botswana. The role of communities in the traditional schools of the pr e-colonial era is considered as well as the role of religious organisations and the colonial government. The particular focus is on the participation of communities in the development of education and the role of the Tribal School Committees of the colonial era is contrasted with the current Boards of Governors. The paper illustrates the key role that community participation has played in Botswana's educational development.
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Supplementary Education for Low-Income Youth: Saturday School at an African American Heritage Center. Research Report #7. - Morgan, William; Ezekiel, S (1993)
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Patriotism and the Zimbabwean school child - Moyana, Rosemary (1993)
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Assessing administrative skills and knowledge of teachers'-college principals in Tanzania - Msolla, Joyce Jeremiah. (1993)
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Facing some of the dilemmas of history-teacher education in South Africa - Mulholland, Rosemary; Ludlow, Helen (Teaching history, 1993)
history which encourages independent thinking, promotes enjoyment in problem solving, and provides learning support in the process of achieving this, can go a long way toward meeting these challenges. Such a study of history can greatly assist in giving future professionals a flexibility of outlook and a confidence in their ability to deal with the unexpected. In fact, it demands that students apply these skills to a study of past eras and events, if they are to complete their courses successfully. The History Department of the Johannesburg College of Education prepares students to teach history in the primary and junior-secondary phases of the school system. The college offers a 4-year diploma and a 4-year degree in association with the University of the Witwatersrand. The students may choose to study history as a sub-major and it is the department's approach to teaching the academic component which is discussed here.
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Aspects of Interphonology: The Study of Kenyan Learners of Swahili - Musau, Paul M. (1993)
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Innovation in adult education, the changing perspectives of post-literacy curriculum in Tanzania - Mushi, Philemon A. K. (1993)
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The Problem of Drought in Kitui District, Kenya: "Contributions of the Catholic Development Unit In Response to the Recurrent Food and Water Shortages" - Mutie, Pius Mutuku (1993)
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Curriculum for in-service training in agroforestry and related subjects in Kenya. - Muturi, Stachys N. (1993)
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Environmental Education for Sustainable Development for Primary School Teachers and Teacher Educators in Africa. - Muyanda-Mutebi, Peter; Yiga-Matovu, Martin (1993)
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Girls and Women: Science Education and Scientific Careers in Africa - Mwangi, Esther N.; Essuman, Stanley A P P I A H (1993)
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The role of African evangelists and teachers in the development of western education and christianity in Nithi Division of Meru district of Kenya 1907 - 1960 - Mwiandi, Mary (1993)
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Factors affecting the career maturity of African-American university students : a causal model - Naidoo, Anthony V. (1993)
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Rethinking the Basic Public Speaking Course for African American Students and Other Students of Color - Nance, Theresa; Foeman, Anita (Journal of Negro Education, 1993)
A 42-year-old White male professor left his teaching position at a midsized, predominantly White, state-related university to teach at a midsized, state-related, historically Black university. As part of the faculty development program at his new institution, all faculty were asked to attend a seminar on the impact of learning styles on teaching. Fifteen faculty members attended his session. At one point, the facilitator asked the group, Do you think there are differences in the learning styles of Black and White students? Absolutely not, responded one Black professor of biology, biology is human biology. That's sort of ridiculous, stated a White female professor of English, are all human and we are basically alike. The facilitator queried further, Then you see the teaching task as exactly the same here than, say, if you were at a similar institution where your students were White? The group nodded in general agreement, yet the new professor was compelled to burst in, almost in spite of himself, and offer the following comment: see it as completely different. Here, the students interrupt me, they are constantly moving around, they speak out in class. I find that it is difficult to teach my information because of the distractions. The others looked annoyed. A brief silence fell upon the room, after which group members resumed their denials of the existence of differences in learning styles among ethnically and culturally diverse students. The preceding was an actual situation and one that has been recounted in a variety of forms by curriculum specialists who attempt to discuss the possibility that African American students approach the learning situation with different perspectives and learning styles than their White counterparts. While most people accept that social class or individual differences can be a factor in predicting learning styles, the issue of race (and gender) as a determinant remains controversial although it has been identified time and time again (Banks, 1988; Boykin, 1978; Hilliard, 1976; Howard, 1980; Powell & Collier, 1990; Shade, 1982). The resistance of many college educators (many in our own field of speech communication) to considering seriously this possibility may be
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Primary school achievement in english and mathematics in Zimbabwe: A multi-level analysis - Nayagura, Levi M. Riddell (1993)
Using a multilevel modeling procedure, the authors explore: the percentage of variance in primary school achievement in Zimbabwe that could be attributed to the types of schools and classes attended; the differences between schools in student achievement in mathematics and English; and the reasons for these differences. They compare five types of schools. Students in Former A (European) schools and high-fee schools outperform those in Former B (African) schools, low-fee schools, and district council schools in both subjects. In English, school-type differences persist after controlling for student intake variables. For mathematics, they disappear. School and class variables related to higher math achievement include the amount of teacher training and instructional time, and pupil-teacher ratio. Higher achievement in English is related to the pupil-teacher and textbook-to-pupil ratios, and to the amount of teacher training.
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Perceptions of history and experiences of learning among African students in the early 1990s, in the Department of Historical Studies at the University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. - Ndlovu, Sifiso Mxolisi (1993)
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[Effects of iodized salt in the treatment of endemic goiter in school children in a rural environment in Cameroon]. - Ngogang, Jeanne; Meli, Jean; Carteret, P (PubMed, 1993)
The efficiency of iodized salt in Cameroon has been tested during 7 months in school children living in an endemic goitrous area. The salt contained 150 mg of iodine per kilogramme of salt when it left the production site. The regression rate of goiter was 84.0% and was not different from that obtained with a single oral administration of 240 mg of iodized oil to an age and sex matched population. Excretion of iodine in urine increased significantly (P < 0.05). Eight biochemical cases of thyroid dysfunction (7 cases of hypothyroidism and 1 case of hyperthyroidism) were observed. However these observations do not preclude the use of iodized salt in the prevention and the treatment of goiter in endemic areas.
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Marine Pollution and Research in the Coastal Lagoons of Kenya. - Nguta, CM (1993)
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Effective Training for Peer Educators: An AIDS Prevention Program for Women in Botswana - Norr, Kathleen F.; Tlou, Sheila; Moeti, Matshidiso; Tema, I.; Irvin, Y.; McElmurry, Beverly J. (1993)
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Managing agricultural extension : perceived performance of the training and visit and general extension approaches in Ghana / - Ntifo-Siaw, Edward (1993)
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Monitoring of Microbial Pollution in the Lagos (Coastal) Lagoon, Nigeria - Nwankwu, Elizabeth O. (1993)
Lagos Lagoon, the largest coastal lagoon in West Africa covers an area of about 208 square kilometres. Its only opening to the sea is through the Commodore Channel which serves as the main entrance to Nigeria's largest seaports of Lagos and Tin Can Ports. The lagoon, is used mainly for artisanal fisheries, transportation by local communities and also serves as the ultimate sink for the disposal of untreated sewage and industrial effluents situated around the Lagos metropolis. A short term study was undertaken to determine the occurrence and levels of microbes in the Lagos lagoon. Routine bacteriological studies were made on the levels of Total Coliforms (TC), Faecal Coliforms (FC) and Faecal Streptococci (FS). Results of the study show that TC, FC, and FS count were high in Lagos lagoon water (maximum of 1800 + micro organisms per 100 ml). The concentration of organisms in coastal waters was low (Maximum of 220 micro organisms per 100ml).
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Legal education in Zimbabwe - Nyapadi, T.J. (Legal Forum, 1993)
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A study of tutors, students and curriculum in four colleges preparing primary school teachers in Tanzania / - Nzalayaimisi, Gabriel K. (1993)
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Clarifying environmental education: A search for clear action in southern Africa - O’Donoghue, Rob (The Southern African Journal of Environmental Education, 1993)
This research examines how environmental education has been conceived and enacted within the same orientations that have brought on many of the environmental issues that confront us in southern Africa today. It questions prevailing modernist positions which have assumed that providing 'nature experiences' and communicating 'conservation messages' will foster the change necessary to resolve environmental concerns. Local examples are used to reveal flaws in past strategies of rational intervention before further examples are used to suggest revised orientations. 'CLEAR' and 'ACTION' are then used as acronyms to clarify enhanced approaches that are emerging to address the challenges of the next decade. To meet these challenges, rational intervention strategies might well be displaced by interactive classroom and community orientations which set out to co-construct local agendas of issues for reflexive social processes of change.
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A Study of the Reactions of Secondary Grammar School Students to Indigenous Moral Values in Nigeria - Obidi, S. S. (Journal of Negro Education, 1993)
The present article investigates the reactions of Nigerian secondary school adolescents to some indigenous moral values. Indigenous moral values are operationally defined as values that are native or original to Nigeria and largely uninfluenced by exotic forces. Indigenous moral education, or character training, is defined as the systematic instruction of pupils in these moral values. Before the introduction of Oriental and Western cultures into what is now known as Nigeria, indigenous moral values such as respect for and obedience to elders and other authority figures were inculcated in Nigerian youth. For example, children were not allowed to intrude into the discussions and arguments of elders and they were taught to accept without question the responsibilities and duties assigned to them. In exercising social control, traditional African societies stressed that children obey instructions implicitly, and deviations from cultural norms were severely frowned upon. Traditional African society also emphasized a strong sense of communal life, reflected in community ownership of land and social justice and social control through the family, agegroups, and elders (Amadi, 1982; Nduka, 1980; Sofola, 1973). Individual actions were to be carried out in harmony with nature, and the needs and interests of the individual were deemed secondary to those of the group (Okoh, 1982). With the introduction of Western education into Nigeria, adolescents were encouraged to disregard traditional beliefs and customs that placed emphasis on values such as communalism, respect, and obedience (Nduka, 1975). As Nduka (1974) notes, traditional African moral values constituted an obstacle to the Western system of thought aimed at empowering individuals to engage in critical thinking for individualized self-development and self-actualization. Notwithstanding, indigenous moral education seems to be regaining its importance in Nigeria's educational institutions. The inculcation in
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Population Information,Education And Communication In Kenya - Ochilo, PO (1993)
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Alternative teacher certification routes : Applications to professional education in Nigeria - Odiari, Onubogu; Orby, Laura (1993)
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The effects of educational tracking on African American high school students in terms of social mobility - Oduah, Emmanuel A. (1993)
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Implications of Global Warming and Climate Change on West Central African Agricultural Systems - Ojo, O.A. (Journal of Agricultural Meteorology, 1993)
Global warming and climate change would significantly affect agriculture in West and Central Africa. Significant aspects of the possible effects would include (a) effects of increased rainfall and rising temperatures (b) effects of increased rainfall intensities and variability of rainfall (c) changes in agroclimatic and agroecological zones (d) effects on agricultural systems and (e) effects of the sea level rise. In general, the implications of climate change would reduce agricultural productivity and bring about poverty, hunger, famine and death to the local population.
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The Challenges of Global Warming and Climate Change on Coastal Resources Future and Development in West and Central Africa - Ojo, O.A. (1993)
The paper examines the challenges posed by the possible impacts of the expected global warming and climate change on the coastal resources futures and development of west and central Africa. The paper finally examines the possible strategies for meeting the challenges of global warming and climate change and particularly emphasize strategies for (a) averting or reducing the magnitude of climate change and (b) mitigating the consequences.
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Effectiveness of a community-oriented approach to teaching/learning vocational agriculture in Nigeria - Ojoko, Sidney (Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1993)
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Language policy for basic education for all in Kenya - Okombo, Okoth (1993)
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Attitudes of Kenyan high school students toward the learning of Kiswahili - Okwany, Lillian A. (1993)
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How not to embark on a bilingual education policy in a developing nation: The case of Nigeria - Oladejo, James (Journal of multilingual and multicultural development, 1993)
Abstract This paper traces the origin and development of bilingual education in Nigeria. Necessary facilities for a successful implementation of a bilingual education policy in a developing country such as Nigeria are discussed. The paper argues that, although there was a genuine need for Nigeria to embark on a bilingual education policy in the first place, the policy adopted was, however, too ambitious and unrealistic. It is further argued that, due to lack of foresight and inadequate planning, certain fundamental issues were ignored which were essential for the policy to succeed. Consequently, the difficulties being experienced now with its implementation are only a prelude to a predictable total demise of the policy.
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The Acquisition of English Polar (Yes/No) Questions by Nigerian Learners. - Oladejo, James (IRAL, 1993)
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DROUGHT IN NORTHERN NIGERIA: AN INDICATION OF ABRUPT CLIMATIC CHANGE? - Oladipo (Weather and climate, 1993)
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On the Causes of Famine - Drought, Desertification and Market Failure in the Sudan - Olsson, Lennart (AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, 1993)
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Women Education and the Illiteracy Problem: The Nigerian Case - Omokhodion, J.Otibhor (Educational Perspectives, 1993)
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The Role of People Living with HIV and AIDS in AIDS Education and Awareness. A poster and oral presentation at the 8th International Conference of AIDS in Africa: Morocco, Marakech 12th - 16th December 1993 - Omollo, Dorothy (1993)
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FEMALE ACCESS TO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN NIGERIA - Omorodion, Francisca Isi (Higher Education in Europe, 1993)
Female education has failed to gain prominence in the educational policies and programmes of the Nigerian government due to poor implementation and inadequate and ineffective strategies for ensuring female opportunity and access to science and technological education, particularly in the tertiary institutions. This article provides data on the rates of female and male enrollment at various levels of education in Nigeria, suggests reasons for the low levels of female enrollment, and proposes strategies to raise the level of female enrollment, particularly in the sciences and in technology programmes at tertiary level.
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Environmental Pollution Studies in an Underdeveloped Country: (1) Heavy Metal Pollution in Ibadan, Nigeria. - Onianwa, P. C. (International Journal of Environmental Education and Information, 1993)
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Continuing Education Experiences of District Level Health Staff in Nigeria - Onuoha, Philip; Brieger, William R. (The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 1993)
Primary health care (PHC) implementation has stimulated the need and interest in developing continuing education (CE) programs in Nigeria. A population study of 144 government (69%) and private (31%) health workers in the Ibarapa District of Oyo State in Nigeria documented their CE opportunities. Only 39 percent had attended an in-service training (IST) program in the past five years. Fewer (32%) had received a supervisory visit within the previous month, and most of these visits contained little of educational relevance according to respondents. Slightly over half (54%) reported attending a staff meeting in the previous month, but 72 percent had attended at least one in the past six months. Like supervisory visits, these meetings were not primarily educational in nature. Only 58 percent engaged in self-study through reading in the past six months, but quality reading materials were scarce, forcing health workers to rely on old texts and popular health magazines. Local government staff and workers with formal health training were most likely to have taken advantage of an IST. Trained workers and males were more likely to have engaged in self-study. New PHC management structures have the potential filling CE gaps and redressing imbalances in CE opportunities in this and other rural districts throughout the country.
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Popular and higher education in Africa Proconsularis in the second century AD - Opeku, F (Scholia : Studies in Classical Antiquity, 1993)
For popular instruction in Africa Proconsularis Apuleius used a modified version in Latin and Greek of the orations of the Second Sophistic. Through teaching, research and publications, he began the process that made Carthage the cradle of higher education in the West and Latin (rather than Greek) the language of this education.
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Higher education and research in Uganda - Opio-Odongo, J.M.A. (1993)
Higher education and research in Uganda , Higher education and research in Uganda , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
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Petrogenetic Modelling Of Some Volcanics From The Maseno Area Of The Archaean Greenstone Terrane In Western Kenya. Proceeding Of The 5th Conference On The Geology Of Kenya - Opiyo-Akech, Nobert (1993)
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Climate change: lmplications of sea level rise in some areas of the Kenyan Coast - Opiyo-Akech, Nobert; Mwanje, I; Gerges, MA; Karanja, FK; El-Busaidy, Aahs; Jumba, Isaac O; Kinyamario, JI; Anyamba, EB; Mwangi, R.W.; El-Sayed, Mkh; Kisia, S.M; Thitai, WW; et al. (1993)
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Social work practice and education in Botswana - Osei-Hwedie, Kw Aku (1993)
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