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South Africa's rich multicultural society is reflected by 11 official languages. The Language in Education policy stipulates that children should start learning at school in their home language until Grade 3. In most schools, the language of instruction for all subjects changes in Grade 4 from an indigenous African language to English, which means that more than 80% of South African pupils learn in a language different to their home language. This paper seeks to ascertain (a) to what extent...

Male Urogenital tract infection plays an important role in men infertility.Asymptomtic bacteriospermia has been regarded as of the contributing factor to male infertility.In this study, 87 semen samples of infertile men attending the Human Reproduction Research Programme and Invitrofertilization unit (HRRP/IVF) of University Benin Teaching Hospital were evaluated Bacteriologically using standard Bacterial culture method.Standard semen analysis was performed according to WHO guidelines.Among...

We performed inversion to estimate a 1-D velocity model of the crust and uppermost mantle under Syria with station corrections following the procedure proposed by Kissling et al. (1994), where simultaneous inversion for structure and hypocenters was carried out, using data of 542 selected events from the Syrian National Seismological Network during 1995-2004. we determined both P-wave velocity (Vp) and S-wave velocity (Vs) models. In addition to the optimal 1-D velocity model the inversion...

Abstract Although Nigeria's National Policy on Education provides for a multilingual policy involving the learning of a child's L1 or language of the immediate community (LIC), one of the three major or national languages (i.e. Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) and English, this policy has not been effectively implemented. This paper reviews the problems and challenges of bilingual education in Nigeria and suggests ways in which bilingual programmes may be implemented successfully in the country to...

Anthropometric data of Nigerians is scanty but is needed for proper ergonomic design. The primary aim of this survey is to obtain the anthropometric data of the foot for the improvements in the design of footwear. A random sample of one hundred (100) human subjects was taken and their ages were between 18 and 28 years (mean of 22.6 years). Seventy (70) of the sample were male while thirty (30) were female. Four dimensions were measured from the individual foot with the use of a Vernier...

In seven chapters covering just over 200 pages, the book deals with commonplace foci in the sociology of education: conceptual frameworks for studying change; the goals and purposes of schooling; educational change within the context of globalization and the knowledge economy; education and national development; education policy making in the democratic state; schools and classrooms as places of learning; and the ethical challenges of educational change.

The purpose of this report was to describe a tuberculin survey conducted in 2001 to assess the trend in the annual risk for tuberculosis infection in Djibouti and compare resulting data with those obtained in a previous survey conducted in 1994. In 2001 cluster sampling allowed selection of 5599 school children between the ages of 6 and 10 years including 31.2% (1747/5599) without BCG vaccination scar. In this sample the annual risk of infection (ARI) estimated using cutoff points of 6 mm,...

Background: The effective control of intestinal helminthic infections requires identifying their prevalence and the local contributing factors, particularly among high-risk groups. Very little and/or recent data are available in Rwanda, where intestinal helminthic infections are thought to be a major health issue. Objectives: To obtain an accurate estimate of prevalence for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infections among school children in 8 selected districts. The...

Education has a potentially important role to play in tackling the spread of HIV, but is there evidence that this potential is realized? This analysis combines the results of previous literature reviews and updates them with the findings of recent randomized controlled trials and a discussion of possible mechanisms for the effect of schooling on vulnerability to HIV infection. There is a growing body of evidence that keeping girls in school reduces their risk of contracting HIV. The...

Mafic rocks from the Bamenda volcanic province along the Cameroon Volcanic Line have been dated from 17 to 0 Ma. Associated with some trachytes and rhyolites, this volcanism covers a period of more than 25 Ma. The studied rocks are basalts to mugearites. Most of them have been contaminated by continental crust during their transit to the surface. The oldest rocks are the most contaminated. One group of samples shows high Eu, Sr and Ba contents. This characteristic is not due to crustal...

The Fuld Object Memory Evaluation and MacNeill Lichtenberg Decision Tree are useful screening tools to detect cognitive impairments that may be associated with difficulty in hypertension-related self-care and blood pressure outcomes. The results of a pilot study exploring the effect of cognition on hypertension-related self-care and blood pressure outcomes among African-American elders are described.

The implementation of the new National Senior Certificate (NSC) has necessitated the setting of new admission criteria for higher education (HE), both nationally and at an institutional level. In addition to setting their own point criteria in relation to the NSC, many institutions have chosen to set additional language criteria for admission, which have a bearing on only one or two languages (the current language(s) of teaching and learning, English and Afrikaans), despite the fact that...

The aim of this study was to examine the association between visual impairment from cataract and poverty in adults in Kenya, Bangladesh, and the Philippines. A population-based case–control study was conducted in three countries during 2005–2006. Cases were persons aged 50 y or older and visually impaired due to cataract (visual acuity , 6/ 24 in the better eye). Household expenditure was assessed through the collection of detailed consumption data, and asset ownership and self-rated...

Abstract Africa's educational systems are undergoing a quiet revolution. As these systems move away from working exclusively in the old colonial languages, usually English or French, bilingual schools which use local indigenous languages are springing up in many regions of Africa. This paper points out the historical processes driving the bilingual education movement in Burkina Faso. Since 1997, a school's parent association has been able transform the unilingual school in their community to...

Thesis (MSc (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Speech-Language and Hearing Therapy. Centre for Rehabilitation Studies))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.