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This article draws from interview data to examine the meanings that teachers in two race and class-specific contexts in greater Durban, South Africa, may give to children's right to sexual health information as a part of HIV/AIDS education. The article focuses on the regulation and production of childhood innocence by means of the ways the primary school teachers talked about sex in their HIV/AIDS education lessons to grade-four students. I argue that discourses of childhood innocence...

Review Article| May 01 2008 REVIEW: AFRICAN AMERICAN ENGLISH AND THE COMPOSITION CLASSROOM: A Teacher's Introduction to African American English: What a Writing Teacher Should Know REVIEW: AFRICAN AMERICAN ENGLISH AND THE COMPOSITION CLASSROOM A Teacher's Introduction to African American English: What a Writing Teacher Should Know By Teresa M. Redd and Karen Schuster Webb Urbana, Ill.: National Council of Teachers of English, 2007. Pp. xiv + 161. David West Brown David West Brown Search for...

The authors examined relationships among racial identity, school-based racial discrimination experiences, and academic engagement outcomes for adolescent boys and girls in Grades 8 and 11 (n = 204 boys and n = 206 girls). The authors found gender differences in peer and classroom discrimination and in the impact of earlier and later discrimination experiences on academic outcomes. Racial centrality related positively to school performance and school importance attitudes for boys. Also,...

This article raises some inconsistencies observed in attachment teaching practice in Zimbabwe. The argument made is that these inconsistencies are caused by the different philosophical approaches informing attachment teaching practice and its delivery, which is largely visible in teaching practice supervision. The discussion shows that while attachment teaching practice is based on social constructivism and socially critical orientations, its delivery still operates under the guise of the...

Improving the accessibility of Internet web sites and portals is becoming more important as initiatives (such as the South African National Accessibility Portal), which address the marginalisation of persons with disabilities, gather momentum. Improving web site accessibility has proven to be a challenging task with a myriad of standards, accessibility testing tools and few technical guides for implementation. This paper presents the South African National Accessibility Portal (NAP), which...

Childhood obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). However, not all overweight adolescents exhibit these conditions suggesting that additional factors mediate the consequences of adolescent obesity. Typically screening for IGT/T2DM is limited to symptomatic, older and more severely obese adolescents. PURPOSE: We investigated whether fitness level (VO2peak), self-reported physical activity, family history of T2DM, severity of obesity, age, and...

There have been recent changes in the distributions of several seabirds in South Africa. In the mid-1990s, breeding of Leach's storm petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa was recorded in the Western Cape, the first record for the Southern Hemisphere. There was a large eastward expansion in the breeding range of crowned cormorant Phalacrocorax coronatus sometime between the early 1990s and the early 2000s, and in that of Hartlaub's gull Larus hartlaubii between 1995 and 2000. A smaller eastward...

There is a widely held notion that rural Kenyan children are more physically active than those in developed countries, due to more incidental physical activity such as active transport and activities associated with a more traditional daily life. While there are a few studies that have examined objectively measured physical activity levels of children living in non-industrialized societies (Old Order Amish, Old Order Mennonite), there has been no research on objective measurement of physical...

Geochemical data are presented for Paleoproterozoic metavolcanic rocks from the southern Ashanti volcanic belt with the aim of inferring their petrogenesis and tectonic setting in which they were formed. The metavolcanic rocks, which are predominantly basalts/basaltic andesites and andesites, have high Cr and Ni contents, indicating that they have not undergone significant fractional crystallization from mantle-derived melts. Two types of basalts/basaltic andesites, Type I and Type II, were...

Hydrochemical and environmental isotope (2H, 18O and 3H) data were used to characterize the groundwater flow, occurrence and major ion chemistry in a complex fractured volcanic aquifer system located at the edge of the Ethiopian rift. The study has been supported by conventional hydrogeological mapping. The result clearly indicates the presence of two distinct groundwater systems: (1) The shallow groundwater characterized by low ionic concentration and in places isotopically enriched younger...

The study explores and describes South African school children's perspectives of HIV and AIDS, and links this to their respective cognitive developmental stage. The paper highlights developmental differences in the children's perceptions of HIV or AIDS and makes specific recommendations for improving HIV/AIDS education in school. A questionnaire of mainly open-ended questions was used to survey the HIV/AIDS-related perceptions of 1 904 school-going children aged 6 to 19 years. In-depth...

F or European or North American medical students, the decision to pursue an elective in Africa will not be taken lightly.Travel is expensive; finding an appropriate hospital may be difficult; health and security risks must be considered, language barriers overcome, and comfort and convenience deferred.Students who surmount these hurdles will find them a fitting warm-up for the rocky road ahead.Visas, vaccinations, malaria prophylaxis, what to pack and not to pack -students returning from an...

Abstract Securing sustainable livelihood conditions and reducing the risk of outmigration in savanna ecosystems hosted in the tropical semiarid regions is of fundamental importance for the future of humanity in general. Although precipitation in tropical drylands, or savannas, is generally more significant than one might expect, these regions are subject to considerable rainfall variability which causes frequent periods of water deficiency. This paper addresses the twin problems of “drought...

Mother-to-child transmission is the main mode of HIV infection among children in developing countries. In 2003, as a result of government policy, a prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) programme was introduced at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) uptake and HIV seroprevalence among pregnant women using the service. VCT has become part of routine antenatal care at the hospital;...

In a rapidly changing society like Botswana, the competition for employment, training and progression on the job has become very high. The development of skills is therefore a crucial and integral part of nation building, which needs a direct link to a training programme to continuously help staff to cope with the different needs they meet in the work place. The Government of Botswana has demonstrated strong commitment over the four decades since independence to upgrade the technical and...

In a rapidly changing society like Botswana, the competition for employment, training and progression on the job has become very high. The development of skills is therefore a crucial and integral part of nation building, which needs a direct link to a training programme to continuously help staff to cope with the different needs they meet in the work place. The Government of Botswana has demonstrated strong commitment over the four decades since independence to upgrade the technical and...

Little epidemiologic research has focused on the mental health effects of gender-based violence among sub-Saharan African women. The objective of this study was to assess risk of depression and depressive symptoms among 1,102 female undergraduate students who were victims of gender-based violence. Students who reported experience of any gender-based violence were nearly twice as likely to be classified as having moderate depression during the academic year (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.39-2.82) as...

An exploratory study on the role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in determining job satisfaction amongst urban secondary-school teachers in Namibia was undertaken. Biographical variables pertaining to the teachers' gender, age, marital status, school resources, teaching experience, academic qualifications, and rank were investigated to determine whether these had any significant relevance, or made any notable contribution, to the level of job satisfaction experienced. Also, the...

The vision of the Sectoral Program of Education (PSE), in conjunction with the strategy of poverty reduction and the Millennium Goals for development lies in the articulation of the following objectives: 1) Support the education system to promote economic growth, seen as the main driver of the reduction in term of poverty; 2) Target actions to allow gradually correct the disparities related to gender, areas, income and avoid exclusion; and 3) Develop a strategy capable of producing human...