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This paper examines the likely causes for deteriorating enrollment rates in Africa. While a causal link is difficult to establish, several studies suggest that declining incomes and employment opportunities impact on household schooling decisions (i.e. household demand for education). The prevalent view that deterioration in school availability and quality are responsible fore declining school enrollments in many African countries seems incomplete. One consequence of this finding is that the...

A total of 870 patients, both males and females, from 3 to 79 years old, received either albendazole or a placebo for the treatment of nematode and cestode infections. Each patient was interviewed and underwent a complete physical examination on the initial visit. In addition, complete blood count, clinical blood chemistry values and routine urinalysis were performed before and at least 24 hours after the last treatment. Stool examinations were performed before, 7 and 21 days after...

This paper introduces some observed sociological and cultural aspects of students. It is usually assumed that these aspects are the same as the lecturer's own, but that is not necessarily so, here in Papua New Guinea. Assignments to encourage both the change of attitude and for the practice of the technical content of courses are described.

This paper introduces some observed sociological and cultural aspects of students. It is usually assumed that these aspects are the same as the lecturer's own, but that is not necessarily so, here in Papua New Guinea. Assignments to encourage both the change of attitude and for the practice of the technical content of courses are described.

Arguments about the rise in relative education levels of African-Americans invoke (1) improvements in the quality of schools attended by blacks or (2) affirmative action regulations affecting schools and employers. Missing from these arguments is an explanation of the emergence of black education levels exceeding those of whites once the influence of family background factors has been controlled. School quality improvements, by themselves, could not have produced high observed black...

A paper radioimmunosorbent test (PRIST) was shown to be sensitive and reproducible when used with excretory/secretory antigen of Toxocara canis second stage larvae. Whatman No. 50 filter paper (5 mm discs) gave the most consistent and clear results with antigen at a concentration of 100 μg/ml, and could be stored for up to 3 weeks in vacuo at −70°C. Antigen coated discs were incubated with test sera at 1 : 10 dilution for 3 h at room temperature (21°C), reacted with [125I]anti-human IgG for...

Objective: The aim of this anthropological study was to create an understanding of school-related violence experienced by adolescents in the context of chronic poverty in a South African community. Method: Qualitative methods of data collection such as participant observation, interviews, and group discussions were utilized for data collection. Sixteen children and three adults in turn kept diaries and wrote reports during the research period of three and one-half years (June 1992–December...

A need to reassess US medical schools' admission of African-American students exists based on recent challenges to affirmative action. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AMMC) provided US medical school enrollment data and characteristics. Measures of enrollment were constructed for each medical school and aggregated by ownership type and state. After peaking at 1311 students in 1994, African-American medical school matriculation decreased by 8.7% by 1996. This decline was...

The purpose of this analysis was to determine if there were distinct behavioral profiles involving perceived and daily stress and Africentric identity in a sample of 701 African American college students who attended eight historically Black colleges and universities. It was hypothesized that there would be a negative relationship between Africentric identity and stress and other personality dispositions that are often associated with stress, such as depression and anger A cluster analysis...

Summary A review of the organizational set‐up of a national statistical office, its staffing levels and subjects covered has been described. Two groups of employees of a statistical office are considered with respect to the teaching of statistics, namely those already in employment and those expected to be employed by a statistical office. The Statistical Training Programme for Africa (STPA), under which the present study was undertaken, improvement and strengthening of statistical training...

Do firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do exporters generate positive externalities for domestically oriented producers? In this paper we tackle these questions by analyzing the causal links between exporting and productivity using plant-level data. We look for evidence that firms' cost processes change after they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters; however, in most industries, firms' costs are not affected by previous...

Do firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do exporters generate positive externalities for domestically oriented producers? In this paper we tackle these questions by analyzing the causal links between exporting and productivity using plant-level data. We look for evidence that firms' cost processes change after they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters; however, in most industries, firms' costs are not affected by previous...

Do firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do exporters generate positive externalities for domestically oriented producers? In this paper we tackle these questions by analyzing the causal links between exporting and productivity using plant-level data. We look for evidence that firms' cost processes change after they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters; however, in most industries, firms' costs are not affected by previous...

Do firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do exporters generate positive externalities for domestically oriented producers? In this paper we tackle these questions by analyzing the causal links between exporting and productivity using plant-level data. We look for evidence that firms' cost processes change after they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters; however, in most industries, firms' costs are not affected by previous...

Do firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do exporters generate positive externalities for domestically oriented producers? In this paper we tackle these questions by analyzing the causal links between exporting and productivity using plant-level data. We look for evidence that firms' cost processes change after they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters; however, in most industries, firms' costs are not affected by previous...

Do firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do exporters generate positive externalities for domestically oriented producers? In this paper we tackle these questions by analyzing the causal links between exporting and productivity using plant-level data. We look for evidence that firms' cost processes change after they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters; however, in most industries, firms' costs are not affected by previous...

Introduction to the Revised Edition 1. Hieroglyphs 2. More Uses of Hieroglyphs 3. Special Writings 4. Scenes and Captions 5. Description 6. Further Aspects of Description 7. Characterisation 8. The Future Hieroglyphic Sign-Lists for the Exercises Reference Tables Egyptian-English Vocabulary Key to the Exercises Bibliography and Further Reading Index

Protein malnutrition leads to multiple detrimental alterations of host immune responses to mycobacterial infection. In this study, we demonstrated that splenocytes from low-protein (LP) guinea pigs vaccinated 6 weeks previously with attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra failed to control the accumulation of virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv in cocultured autologous peritoneal macrophages, despite the fact that they were able to control the accumulation of virulent tubercle bacilli in...