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During the past twelve years, Zambia has experienced increasingly grave financial problems. The decline in the economy has affected all sectors, including education. The deterioration occurred at a time when the population was growing at a rapid rate. Hence the education sector has been subject to two opposing pressures : a fiscal pressure to curtail financial commitments and a demographic pressure to increase the provision of education. To set educational provision in its historical...
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The author examines the South African system of education for Africans in 1980. He finds that the private return to quantity of schooling in 1980 was 6,2%, while the social return to quantity of schooling was 6,0%, and the social return to investment in education quality was 7,9%. Thus there is a growth-equity tradeoff in education spending. He speculates that the political pressures for equality are likely to induce future governments to favour equity above growth in education strategy.
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Sennores Center has not been examined for parasitosis. In this paper, a total of 252 pupils in Sennores primary school were examined. The commonest parasite was S. haematobium (29.4%) and the least common was T. saginata (1.2%). Single infection was in 50.4% and double infection was in 40.1%. One case showed triple infection. The whole results were discussed.
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Findings are presented from studies on the use of radio for teaching primary school children mathematics in Honduras and Bolivia and English as a Second Language in Lesotho. Interactive radio instruction (IRI) is so called because of the active participation of the students. Although lessons are presented by conventional radio, scripts are written to solicit responses from the children. Data from Honduras and Bolivia include both costs and measures of effectiveness, but data from Lesotho are...
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A review of a two‐week management exercise for training organisers in Nigeria. Comments are made on the art and ingredients needed to integrate training and participants′ goals/ resourcefulness.
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Abstract We reappraised the Rukwa earthquake of 1910 in the East African Rift System. With a magnitude of 7.4, no earthquake in East Africa is known to be larger and it is rivalled only by the recent earthquake in southern Sudan on 20 May 1990. More than 80 per cent of the moment release in the Rift during the last 110 years is due to the Rukwa earthquake and its aftershocks that occurred between the Tanganyka and Nyasa systems. In spite of its large magnitude, the Rukwa earthquake caused...
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Given the predominance of needs within the non-privileged sector of South African society, two major issues face those who train in the field of educational psychology: the issue of how to train in sufficient numbers and the issue of the content and process of training where relevance and effectiveness are in question. With 77% of the school-going population having only one educational psychologist available for every 30 000 pupils, the needs cannot be met only through the current highly...
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Jane Fleming describes the health education in schools programme launched by the Aga Khan Health Services in Kisumu, Kenya. The project has brought major improvements in child health and mortality rates as well as better health awareness to the community as a whole.Even though Kenya stopped requiring tuition for primary school in the early 1970s, parents still must pay for books, pencils, and uniforms and contribute to a building fund. Enrollment for 8 year olds stands around 92%. The Aga...
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We assessed knowledge of AIDS among pupils in selected schools in Tanzania in August 1989. Four hundred and eight-one pupils from four randomly selected secondary schools, two from Dar-Es-Salaam (a city) and two from Bagamoyo (a semi-rural town), were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Of these, 476 (99.0%) had heard of AIDS, and 447 (92.9%) were able to mention spontaneously at least one sexually transmitted disease (STD), of whom 374 (83.7%) mentioned AIDS. Knowledge was found...
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A vignette methodology was used to examine the effects of varying a sexual assault offender's ascribed race and class on attributions of responsibility to the victim, sentencing judgements for the offender, and perceptions of the victim. Respondents were 183 young white South African English-speaking students, male and female, domiciled in university residences in 1987 at the University of Cape Town. Measured by sentencing decisions, subjects were significantly more punitive towards an...
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The purpose of this study was to determine statistical differences in levels of student performance in ZlC English and Mathematics between six secondary school types in Zimbabwe. 5293 Form 2 students who wrote ZlC examinations in 33 secondary schools in 1989 participated in the study. As predicted, students in high fee paying schools performed better in both English and Mathematics than students in former group A, former group B (urban and rural), mission and rural district council schools. ...
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An advertisement in the Uganda weekly Topic printed in 1990 is the center of the controversy over whether promoting condom use to prevent AIDS is really promoting immorality and promiscuity. The ad states: "The bible may save your soul but this condom will save you life." Critics have called the ad blasphemy for showing a condom package alongside the Bible; claimed the condom fools people into thinking they are safe from AIDS; and blamed the practice of supplying condoms for the moral...