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Four thousand two hundred and seventy-five children aged less than 6 years were examined for signs of xerophthalmia in a population based cross-sectional study in the Luapula Valley of Zambia. The overall prevalence of xerophthalmia was 1.89 per cent. The prevalence of nightblindness (XN), Bitot's spots (X1B), severe corneal lesions (X3A, X3B), and corneal scars (XS) were 1.26, 0.44, 0.02, and 0.68 per cent, respectively. One child was totally blind and four children had unilateral...
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This article reports on doctors who imported microcomputers to Zambia to use in a teaching hospital. The types of programs utilized and the cost of the programs is provided. Computers are used in both hospital and general practice and are often large, powerful, and expensive models that would be inappropriate in the developing countries. This is particulary true where there is a lack of trained technicians locally to maintain both hardware and software. Recent reductions in the costs of...
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ABSTRACT This paper seeks to examine the question of disability in developing countries, particularly Nigeria. Most of the diseases causing disabilities are preventable. Many of these are infections which could be prevented with medical care. The perception of handicapping conditions by most Nigerians it is argued, are greatly influenced by myth and superstition, which in turn influences the negative attitude of people towards disabled people. The lack of medical facilities has contributed...
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During the period under colonial rule Ghanaian traditional life styles were largely destroyed and foreign value systems imposed. Following independence in 1957 the concept of National Consciousness, which seeks to encourage models of traditional forms in all new developments, was proposed. This thesis addresses the need to introduce traditional dance into the Ghanaian University system in response to the concept of National Consciousness. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part One is a...
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Education in Nigeria is seen as an effective agent in determining the economic and social status of the individual. It provides an opportunity for one to join the respectably employed. The higher the educational attainment, the greater the chances for advancement in places of work. This has led to great demand for education. With the current thinking that the woman's place is not necessarily in the kitchen, and the observation that little substantial information on female students exists in...
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The use of multiple research designs (triangulation) has been reported to enhance validity of data analysis and subsequent interpretation. To illustrate this point, a model study conducted in Nigeria, which utilized both qualitative and quantitative research designs, is examined. Unique problems with conducting research in developing countries are presented. Recommendations designed to mitigate such problems are offered.
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The Msimbazi River in Dar es Salaam is polluted with industrial, urban and agricultural waste waters. A preliminary investigation on the extent of metal pollution (Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Mn, Al) was made from samples of sediments and biological indicators. The metal concentrations were in general low, but some of our results indicated industrial pollution.
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A case study of language education opportunities in Nigerian schools highlights the tension between educational policy and practice and reveals certain major trends which are replicated in other Third World countries. Apart from being motivated by several common experiences, language education opportunities in the Third World are shown to reflect a functional typology based on a tripartite layering of languages; to emphasise the medium of education issue; and to use the educational system to...