Strategic Planning and Higher Education Management in Africa. The University of Dar es Salaam Experience - Mkude, Daniel J.; Mbwette, Daniel J.; Chijoriga, Marcelina M.; Luhanga, Matthew L.; Ngirwa, Cleophace A. (1986)
Full text can be accessed at the following link http://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/strategic-planning-and-higher-education-management-in-africa
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[Comparative study of research methods to assess water pollution of the fecal origin in the rural Sudan-Western Sahara environment]. - Monjour, L; Henry, Pascalle; Guillemin, Françis; Spinasse, A; Lagneaux, F; Alfred, C; Jj, Colin; Gentilini, M (PubMed, 1986)
In the assessment of the bacteriological quality of water from 1,500 drills World has not in Burkina-Faso, three methods have been analyzed comparatively. The first, relying upon bacterial production of H2S as indicator of faecal pollution and proposed by Indian workers, has been found unreliable for determining water potability. The second, based upon the nitrate content of water, is unable to reveal water contamination by human and animal excreta. The third method, employing a membrane filtration, is to be commended since it is well adapted to the Sahelian conditions. Simple, reliable, of low cost, this method is providing the quality assurance of water potability, a requirement which must accompany the drilling programs.
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Priciples and Methods of Teaching the African Heritage - Mugambi, Jnk (1986)
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KAr geochronology of the Karisimbi volcano (Virunga, Rwanda-Zaire) - Mulder, M. De; Pasteels, Paul (Journal of African earth sciences (1983), 1986)
Ages of potassic, undersaturated lavas from the Karisimbi volcano have been obtained by applying unspiked potassium-argon dating. All age determinations from this study range between 0.14 ± 0.06 and 0.010 ± 0.007 Ma, constraining the formation of the main cone and its parasitic structures to the Late Pleistocene. The history of the volcano, as it has been reconstructed considering the field relationships, can be confirmed by the obtained ages.
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Adult Education Association of Zambia. A brief report. - Mulenga, David (1986)
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The meaning of Eysenck's personality constructs and scales for Zimbabwean male students - Munro, Don (Personality and Individual Differences, 1986)
Abstract Two studies of the utility of Eysenckian scale constructs for male African university students are reported. One confirms the previous findings that the EPQ, with some item changes, remains substantially reliable across cultures. The second was based on a larger item pool and shows that: (i) the integrity of the Neuroticism factor is confirmed, though fear-of-success items might usefully be added for African students; (ii) Sociability is the most robust component of Extraversion for this group, though the relationship with Impulsivity remains, contrary to predictions based on knowledge of African socialization; (iii) a factor of Restraint, Responsibility and Seriousness-of-purpose emerges, which could be interpreted as the converse of Impulsivity, or as a reflection of African values or motivation in this particular item pool; (iv) Motivation-for-success items group factorially, though their endorsement may reflect Social Desirability. These findings are interpreted both as a confirmation of Eysenck's personality theory for educated Africans, and as indicating the need for further exploration of scales which take the local behavioural referents of the Eysenckian factors into account.
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A sociology critique of the structure, content and methodology of education in Nigeria. - Murphy, Thomas L. (1986)
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The training and development of top executives in developing countries: A tanzanian approach - Mutahaba, Gelase (Public Administration and Development, 1986)
Abstract The training and development of public service employees is now accepted to be a major contributor to organizational performance. In the Third World, however, much of the training effort has been directed at junior, supervisory and middle‐level personnel. Top personnel were, for a long time, presumed to be ‘above training’. There is now, however, an awakening to the need for training all categories of personnel. The major constraint in most countries remains the lack of facilities and trainers able to handle senior personnel. Tanzania has recently embarked on a concerted effort to train its top public service personnel through the mobilization of all management/administrative training capabilities in a joint, concerted endeavour, under the aegis of the Ministry of Manpower Development and a body known as the National Standing Training Team on Top Executive Development (NSTT). More than 20 6‐week courses have been run and a recent evaluation of the programme suggests that they are popular and have reactivated an interest in training among top executives. There is, however, no evidence to suggest that the training has resulted in improved performance in public organizations although some executives have introduced some innovations in their organizations which they derived from the training programme.
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Integration of academic and pre-vocational education in Zambian basic education - Mwamba, Ignatius (1986)
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The development of education in Morocco: trends, initiatives and problems - Naguib, Zakia (1986)
This dissertation is an attempt to give a comprehensive account of the system of education in Morocco as well as its historical development and the influence of various trends. It is also an investigation into the different stages that Moroccan education has gone through and their influence on the present situation. This work consists of seven chapters: Chapter One introduces the different aspects of the country: the geographical, cultural, economic and historical features of Morocco. Chapter Two is concerned with education in Morocco before 1912, i.e. before the Protectorate, with emphasis on its traditional institutions and teachings which still persist. The second part of this chapter deals with education under the Protectorate, especially the influence of the French system and the decisions that were then created among Moroccans. Chapter Three is an examination of education from Independence until the present time, the different problems that faced the Ministry of National Education and what immediate measures were taken to tackle them. Chapter Four provides a survey of the structure of the system of education in Morocco, especially the pre-primary, the primary and secondary levels. In addition to describing these different levels, there is a discussion of the reforms that have been implemented since Independence. Chapter Five is devoted to higher education with reference to both Vocational Establishments and Universities. There is also an analysis of the curriculum of higher education.
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Legal education in Zambia: pedagogical issues - Ndulo, Muna (Lesotho Law Journal: A Journal of Law and Development, 1986)
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A Study of the Administration of Learning Resource Centres in Selected Primary Teachers Colleges in Kenya - Ngethe, Augustine (1986)
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Malthusianism: An African Dilemma : Hunger, Drought, and Starvation in Africa - Njoku, John E. Eberegbulam (1986)
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The relevance of education for political participation in Imo state of Nigeria - Njoku, Johnny Iheukwumere C. (1986)
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Requirements in the effective training of geoscientists in Kenya - Nyambok, I O (1986)
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A Study of Factors that Affect Prospective Primary School Teachers Achievement in Mathematics: Kenya - Nyangayo, Joseph A. Ondu (1986)
The main purpose of this study was to look at the factors that affect prospective Primary School teachers achievement in mathematics. The researcher used two kinds of questionnaire in trying to find some qualitative and quantitative information about the factors that affect prospective Primary Schoo) teachers.The questionnaires were marked manually and the data were analysed using a calculator CASIO fx - 82. The distributions of variables and cross tabs were used in the analysis in Chapter Four. The achievement and methodology tests were marked using scheme - 1- for correct response; O-for incorrect response and 9-for missing data. The scores were then analysed by use of Analysis of Variance, (ANOVA), t-test and percentages, means and standard deviations for the attitude scale. A t-test analysis revealed that there was significant performance of students at C.P.E. and K.C.E. and Teachers examination (P.T.E.) in mathematics. The same t-test was used to find out the difference in performance between males and females among prospective teachers. The results were that there is a significant difference between the sexes. The two-way ANOVA was used to analyse the relationship between previous schools attended by students and achievement in mathematics. It was found out that previous schools attended and socio-economic background affects the students performance at T.T.C. Percentages and means were computed to find out the attitudes of students towards mathematics. The attitude scale had 28 items, 14 were negatively worded while 14 were positively worded. The results revealed that prospective teachers had a positive attitude towards mathematics but their performance in mathematics and methods papers was poor. It was found out that attitudes do not determine performance in mathematics at T.T.C. There should be specialization so that prospective teachers are not over burdened by 14 subjects some of which they may not like or understand. For the time being the researcher recommended at least six subjects so that proper training can take place. The duration for training should be extended from the current two years to three years.
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Vacational training and rural employment: an investigation into some factors which influence the local employment of youth polytechnic graduates inMachakos District, Kenya - Nzioka, C (1986)
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The University of Nigeria, 1960-1985 : an experiment in higher education - Obiechina, Emmanuel; Ike, Vincent Chukwuemeka; Umeh, John Anenechukwu (1986)
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The Journey As Training Ground in Nigerian Children's Fiction - Odejide, Abiola (Children's Literature Association Quarterly, 1986)
The Journey As Training Ground in Nigerian Children's Fiction by Ab iol a Ode j ide The Nigerian child reader encountering the fictive world of the journey in written literature comes into the reading situation armed with a knowledge of the value systems and behavioral characteristics of the traveller in oral literature. His 'negotiation of meaning' (Chambers 1980) with the author will have received extra-textual support from his experience of the physical and metaphysical world of the travel heroes in the traditional oral tales, especially in the quasi-historical tales of the legendary founders of his ethic group. These may be for example the Hausa ' tatsuniyoyi, ' i.e., the tall stories and fables about animals, the 'labarai' —the stories of the legendary foundations of the group or the craft lore of the long distance traders. From these, the child reader can anticipate certain conventions of the indigenous travel literature. The Nigerian child's literary socialization therefore consists in part of a knowledge of the permissible events, appropriate behavioral pattern, story structure and stylistic conventions of this indigenous travel literature as well as western type adventures which he encounters in school. In general, child protagonists of most stories in the oral literature did not leave home of their own volition. Safely ensconsed in the tight woven fabric of family and community, they received their education within the small periphery of the home, the village square, the farm, and the adjoining village. Home was the haven, the secure anchor for stable family relationships. Consequently, children only embarked on journeys after being deserted or cast out on account of violating some taboo, on account of extreme poverty, or alienation from surrogate parents. The occasion is tragic, the separation protracted and traumatic. Zandi and the Wonderful Pillow (Chukwuka 1977) illustrates vividly the trauma of the separation of a deformed child from his parents by communal beliefs. For the audience, the relief from the trauma may come in the form of the reduction of the details of the hazardous journey to a formulaic statement: "He (the protagonist) passed seven hills and seven rivers". The narrative structure is invariably circular, since the protagonist undergoes a sequence of adventures involving a departure, an initiation, and a return. He is vindicated in his struggle against evil and injustice and becomes wiser than at the beginning of the story. In spite of the tradition of hospitality to strangers, folk wisdom depicts the traveler often as a lonely man, bearing a haversack of suffering on his shoulder. Abuse, ridicule, loss of status, danger and hunger dog his footsteps—thus the perpetual theme of the journey in the oral literature as a preparation for the tasks of adulthood and growing up. Independence of spirit can be best attained by separation from communal support in spite of its trauma. The end product iswisdom—acquiredfromfarand near—and general admiration and respect of the home-bound. In stories from northern Nigeria, the student of Islamic religion apprenticed to a master embodied this tradition in his religious fervor, as did the itinerant trader in his acquisition of worldly wisdom. These folkloric conventions provide strategies for a meta-reading of the earliest written travel literature for Nigerian children. In the early 1960s when Cyprian Ekwensi, one of the most prolific writers for Nigerian children, published three titles, he, not surprisingly, used these journey conventions. The Passport of Mallam Ilia (1960), An African Night's Entertainment (1962), and The Drummer Boy (1960) adopt among other things, the panoramic scope of indigenous tales about journeys. The first two books use the theme of the journey as a revenge quest, which is quite common in traditional adult literature, to underscore the futility of revenge. Ekwensi' s reputation as a serious moralist derives from his concern to offer overt, often blatant, instructions on morality. Ekwensi acknowledges his indebtedness to folkloric sources which explains the participatory tone of the opening dramatic scenes and the elasticity of the tale. The possibilities of combining features of the real and unreal world are wide in this journey to exotic places. The narrative structure, motifs, plot and theme of traditional tale 102 are adapted to enable them to accommodate features of the western...
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An investigation of the sources of stress as perceived by secondary school teachers in a selected area of Bendel state, Nigeria - Ogbemure, Roymond Ogheneruemu (1986)
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EARLY MODERN ARCHITECTURE IN EAST AFRICA AND ITS ADAPTATION TO THE CLIMATE - Ogura, Nobuyuki (Nihon Kenchiku Gakkai keikaku-kei ronbun hōkokushū, 1986)
[in Japanese]
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Quality of secondary school education and its relevance to self employment in the rural areas of Kenya - Ogutu, Gilbert E. M. (1986)
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The ideal pupil as perceived by Nigerian (Igbo) teachers and Torrance's creative personality - Ohuche, Nancy M. (International Review of Education, 1986)
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UNIVERSITY ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN NIGERIA: DEVELOPMENT, WEAKNESSES AND IMPROVEMENTS - Ojiakor, G. U. (Nigerian Journal of Technology, 1986)
The Nigerian University engineering education and training system is be-set by a number of inadequacies - low entry standards, non-uniformity in entry process for all engineering faculties in the country, moderate academic quality of entrants for the profession, low level knowledge of Mathematics and physical Sciences for the study of the profession, short and inadequate period of academic training in the university etc. Although the system is identical with that of the British, nationally there are social industrial and economic limitations mitigating against its effectiveness in producing engineering manpower of the right calibre. Consequently, the existing system is likely to produce mostly 'calculators' instead of engineers unless it is drastically modified. A possible modification lies in the adoption of an enhanced entry requisite of a Combined Degree standard of knowledge of Mathematics and Physical science backed by well-organized industrial attachment during long vacations.
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Community secondary schools: A case-study of a Nigerian innovation in self-help - Okoye, Mary Dorette B. U. (International Journal of Educational Development, 1986)
Changing patterns of economic, political and social development tend to produce innovations in the educational field, as the system seeks to adjust to the needs of the current situation. When Eastern Nigeria faced the aftermath of civil war, new political and educational policies contributed to produce an overwhelming demand for secondary education. This paper presents a case-study of the innovation that resulted in Anambra State, where local communities worked with the Government, providing schools for the Government to run. The success of this policy over the past decade is analysed and evaluated, indicating how educational standards were controlled.
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Archaeology education in Nigeria - Okpoko, A. Ikechukwu (West African journal of archaeology, 1986)
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The Situation of Medical Support for Ethiopian Victims of Droughtness: Some Problems of Thinking About Medical Support - Okumura, Etsushi; Tani, Shokichi; Imagawa, Y (Journal of African Studies, 1986)
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Factors Militating against Gifted Education in Nigeria - Oladokun, Timothy O. (Gifted international, 1986)
(1986). Factors Militating against Gifted Education in Nigeria. Gifted International: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 114-117.
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Ethnocentrism among nigerian students in american colleges and universities - Oleka, Sam Onyejindu (1986)
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Growth and Development of Formal Art Education in Nigeria, 1900-1960 - Oloidi, Ola (Transafrican Journal of History, 1986)
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Teaching Medical Teachers How to Teach in Lagos, Nigeria - Olukoya, Adepeju A. (Medical Teacher, 1986)
Medical School teachers are usually not formally trained in the art of teaching. In order to improve on the quality of teaching in the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Workshops on Educational Methods have been organised annually for faculty members. Evaluation of the workshop over the 6 years of its existence has been favourable, and a follow-up study done in 1980 indicated that faculty members actually modified their teaching and assessment methods.
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Teaching medical students about family planning: experiences from a primary health care course in Lagos, Nigeria - Olukoya, Adepeju A.; Oyediran, Muriel A. (Medical Education, 1986)
Summary. In 1979, the College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria embarked on a new curriculum, which places more emphasis on primary health care in line with the needs of the country. This paper discusses one aspect of the primary health care course, family planning, which involves teaching a practical subject to a large number of students within a relatively short period of time and with limited patient contact. It is hoped that some of the ideas discussed can be of use to other medical teachers faced with similar dilemmas.
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The tribulations of the adult education personnel in Nigeria. - Omolewa, Michael; Nwosu, Samuel K. (Adult Education and Development, 1986)
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Financing Primary School Buildings in Kenya - Oniang'o, CM (1986)
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Sorption and retention of Pb, Cu and Cd ions in three species of mosses used for air pollution studies in Nigeria - Onianwa, P. C.; Ajayi, S.O.; Osibanjo, Oladele; Egunyomi, A. (Environmental Pollution Series B, Chemical and Physical, 1986)
The capacities of the mosses Rhacopilopsis trinitensis (C. Muell) Britt.et Dix., Stereophyllum virens Card., and Thuidium gratum (C. Muell) Jaeg. to sorb and retain Pb, Cu and Cd ions from solution were studied. All the species showed very high capacities to sorb these metal ions from single-ion as well as mixed-ion solutions. Ca and Mg ions were most readily released from the moss tissues on sorption of the metal ions. The sorbed metal ions were strongly retained in the moss tissues, but may be significantly leached out by strongly acidic solutions. The three species did not differ remarkably in their capacities to sorb and retain the metal ions.
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The need for aquatic pollution studies in Kenyan inland waters - Onyari, JM (1986)
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Register Range in the West African School Certificate English Language Examination (1974-1983). - Osisanwo, Isaac Adewale (1986)
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The viability of public education: an analysis of the role and finance of education in Egypt - Osman, Osman M.; Sobhy, Hoda M. (1986)
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The Education of the School Health Education Teachers in Nigeria: The Pre-University and University Levels - Osujih, Michael (Journal of the institute of health education, 1986)
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A comparative analysis of general education in institutions of higher education in Nigeria - Osuman, Grace Iyabode Aina (1986)
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English language teaching in higher education in Morocco : an evaluation of the Fez experience - Oukrime, Mohamed (1986)
The study is an evaluation of the English Language Teaching programme implemented in a University Department of English as a Foreign Language in Morocco. Using an eclectic-illuminative approach, and a predominantly qualitative methodology, the evaluation includes a description, analysis and tentative interpretation of the three general components of the programme: its purposes, its practices and its effects. The fi rst part includes a) a background chapter on Hi gher Educat ion in Morocco, with special reference to LL.T., b) a conceptual framework which sets out the issues involved in evaluation, more particularly the illuminative style, and c) an account of the methodology adopted for the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data. Part two is made up of three chapters: - In Chapter 4, an evaluation is proposed of the purposes of the programme as reflected in the stated or implicit overall aims of Higher Education, the aims of LL.T., and the more specific objectives of the various courses taught as part of the programme. - Chapter 5 is an eva 1 uat i on of the pract ices of the programme. The institutional context is an important determiner of those practices and is examined as a background to student and teacher evaluation of such areas as course content (syllabuses), teaching, and student learning. The chapter concludes with an account of the partiCipants' perceptions of the assessment system, based on an analysis of the 1984-85 examinations. - Chapter 6 deals with the long-term effects of the programme as perceived by alumni and as reflected in their description of the impact of their experience of Higher Education. The action-research dimension of the evaluation is outlined in the synthesis and implications for action and further research which constitute the conclusions to the study.
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Employment and training opportunities for young school leavers through the apprenticeship system in Nigeria - Oyeneye, O.Y. (Children and Youth Services Review, 1986)
This article is an overview of the employment and training problems among young school leavers in Nigeria and the role which the apprenticeship system can play in alleviating the problems. It is observed that educational expansion has no provision for employment and training opportunities for the many school leavers. Noting the importance of apprenticeship training, the paper examines the operation and employment potential of the two modes of apprenticeship training: formal and informal sector apprenticeship training. Finally, it is suggested that the government and parents should accord due recognition to apprenticeship training in the attempt to solve the employment and training problems of young school leavers.
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Preparation of audiology personnel in Nigeria : a training model - Oyiborhoro, John M.A. (1986)
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Urban Senegal and Rural Gambia: Computer and Community Education Programs - Pagano, Alicia I. (Childhood Education, 1986)
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Higher Education, the Universities and Secondary Teacher Training in Papua New Guinea. - Palmer, W. P. (1986)
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Drought strategies in East Africa: The climatologist's role - Palutikof, Jean (Climatic change, 1986)
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Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) in Guinea Pigs Impairment Induced by Aminoglycoside Antibiotics - Pettorossi, Vito Enrico; Bamonte, F; Errico, P.; Ongini, Ennio; Draicchio, Francesco; Sabetta, F (Acta oto-laryngologica, 1986)
The vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VORs) were studied in guinea pigs receiving daily administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics. The vestibular epithelia were also examined by scanning electron microscope technique (SEM). The treatment with aminoglycosides led to varying degrees of VORs according to (i) the type of aminoglycoside drug; (ii) the duration of the treatment and, (iii) the sensitivity of the various vestibular receptors. Gentamicin caused an earlier and severe reduction of the VOR gain. Dibekacin also caused evident damage, but the onset of its action was delayed. Both drugs affected mainly the vertical responses. Tobramycin and netilmicin altered the VORs slightly. Histological examination revealed damage to the sensory epithelia corresponding to the observed VOR impairments.
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The history of the Transvaal United African Teachers' Association - Pienaar, L. (1986)
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Development of facilities and training for the sun-dried sardine and anchovy fishery in Assab, Ethiopia - Pizzali, Avilio F Medina (1986)
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An investigation into the socio-economic importance of technical education for South African Indians. - Ramjan, Abdul Gaffar. (1986)
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Islamic law in Nigeria : application and teaching - Rashid, Syed Khalid (1986)
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The Role of Language Policy in South African Education - Reagan, Timothy (Language Problems and Language Planning, 1986)
OPSOMMING Die rol van taalbeleid in die Suid-Afrikaanse onderwys Hierdie referaat ondersoek die rol van taalbeleid in die Suid-Afrikaanse onderwys. 'n Geskiedkundige oorsig van taalbeplannings-aktiwiteite op onderwysterrein word aangebied, dan word 'n aantal eietydse taalbeleide bespreek. Die "moedertaalbeginsel" word heel breedvoerig behandel, en daar word besin oor ander taalbeleide soos die instelling van swarttaalonderrig in blanke skole, die skepping van 'n gemeenskaplike gebare-leksikon vir die onderrig van Dowes, spelreëlstandaardisering en leksikale ontwikkeling in die swart tale, die taalverwante aanbevelings van die De Lange Kom-missie, en ten slotte, die moontlike rol van "Kleurling-Afrikaans" as voertaal in die onderwys. Die referaat sluit af met 'n toekomsblik op taalbeplanning in Suid-Afrika. RESUMO La rolo de lingva politiko en sudafrika edukado Sudafriko havas longan, firme establitan tradicion de lingva planado. Kvankam ili tusis aliajn mediojn, plejparte tiuj lingvoplanaj agadoj direktigis al la lernejoj. Tiu ci artikolo ekzamenas la rolon de lingva politiko en sudafrika edukado. La aŭtoro prezentas historian superrigardon de lingvoplanaj agadoj en la eduka medio, kaj poste diskutas diversajn nuntempajn lingvajn politikojn. La principo "denaska lingvo," la kredo, ke infano devus ricevi almenaŭ sian komencan edukon en sia denaska lingvo, estas iom detale traktata, kaj inter la aliaj lingvaj politikoj tusataj estas la enkonduko de nigrulaj lingvoj en blankulajn lernejojn, la kreado de komuna gesta leksikono por utiligo en la klerigado de Surduloj, ortografia normigo kaj leksika evoluigo de la nigrulaj lingvoj, la rekomendoj de la Komisiono De Lange rilataj al lingvoj, kaj, fine, la ebla rolo de "kolora afrikansa" kiel eduka perilo. La artikolo finigas per perspektiva superrigardo de la estonteco de lingva planado en Sudafriko.
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Capitulations: The case of the German-Jewish Hilfsverein Schools in Palestine, 1901-1914 - Rinott, Moshe (1986)
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Cattle dynamics in a pastoralist community in Ngorongoro, Tanzania, during the 1982-3 drought - Rodgers, W. A.; Homewood, Katherine (Agricultural Systems, 1986)
Abstract Traditional pastoralism is a significant contributor to African economies but is, as yet, little understood. Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) provides a microcosm illustrating pastoralism under a range of ecological conditions. Herd declines found across a range of NCA study sites are illustrated in detail with respect to events in one representative study site monitored for 25 months. A 52% decline in cattle numbers during this period is attributed to quantified factors of low calving rates and high adult and calf mortality attributed to drought and its interaction with high incidence of disease. Human subsistence was directly affected over the same period by a 75% decline in numbers of lactating cows per household. This case illustrates events occurring in herds across NCA. Suggested major causes are breakdown of water and acaricide supplies, as well as severe drought.
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Surveying Education In Africa: State And Prospects. - Rostom, RS (1986)
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Compound Action Potential (AP) Tuning in Man and Guinea Pig: Effect of Probe Tone Level and Hearing Loss - Rutten, Wim; Prijs, Vera F. (1986)
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Mercury pollution of effluent, air, and soil near a battery factory in Tanzania - Semu, Ernest; Singh, Bharat Raj; Selmer-Olsen, A. R. (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1986)
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Academic achievement as a predictor for teaching effectiveness among primary school teachers in Kenya - Sifuna, Daniel N. (1986)
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Unemployment and Non-Formal Training in the Informal Sector in Kenya. - Sifuna, Daniel N. (1986)
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Universal Education and Social Class Formation in Kenya - Sifuna, Daniel N. (Ufahamu, 1986)
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Processed strong-motion records recorded on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea; earthquakes of December 13, 1981 and March 18, 1983 - Silverstein, B.L.; Brady, A. G.; Mork, P.N. (Open-file report (United States Geological Survey. 1978), 1986)
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A survey of primary school filing and record Keeping systems in Mombasa district Of coast province, Kenya - Simatwa, Enose Makokha (1986)
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Black Students' Perceptions of Factors Related to Academic Performance in a Rural Area of Natal Province, South Africa - Simon, Alan J. (The Journal of Negro education, 1986)
Since the Nationalist government came into power in South Africa in 1948, provision of for black Africans in that country has been deliberately and systematically inadequate. In 1949, W. M. Eiselen, a broederbonder (the secret Afrikaner society responsible for much of the policy of the Nationalists), was instructed to plan for blacks as a separate race. He recommended that most blacks receive only the first four years of schooling, as this was sufficient to enable them to communicate with whites. Eiselen also recommended that black be tailored to white economic development plans. Eiselen's proposals were implemented by the Bantu Education Act No. 47 of 1953, which, according to Christie and Collins, signifies education for subservience and cultural domination,' in other words, apartheid. Referring to this act, the then prime minister, Dr. H. F. Verwoerd said it would empower him to teach natives in departments which would assure them that equality with whites was not for them. On June 7, 1954, Verwoerd outlined in the Senate his further ideas for black children: There is no place for him [blacks] in the European community above the level of certain forms of labour.... Until now he has been subjected to a school system which drew him away from his own community and misled him by showing him the green pastures of European society in which he was not
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Adult education in Liberia - Smith, Ryenn (1986)
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Effect of African Drought on Water Resource Management in Egypt - Smith, Scot E.; Bedford, Keith W. (Water Forum '86: World Water Issues in Evolution, 1986)
1980 marked the beginning of the worst drought to hit the Sahel and east Africa in 70 years. The consequences of the drought were compounded by inappropriate farming methods, bureaucratic insensitivity and inaction, over-exploitation of land by a country that is overpopulated, and the basic infertility of the soil. This paper looks at the ways in which Egypt was affected by the drought in terms of the availability of water and the constructive measures that should be implemented to insure the very survival of the people and country in the event of a new drought.
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The Development of an Environmental Education Curriculum for Sudan, Africa. - Stapp, William B. (Nature Study, 1986)
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Education and Society in Africa - Stephens, David; Clarke, Peter B.; Bray, Mark (1986)
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Primary education and transition to socialism in rural Tanzania : a case study of an ujamaa village in Mswaki, Handeni - Sumra, Suleman (1986)
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Temporal and spatial variations in the chemistry of the Kenyan basic volcanics. - Tarzey, Robert J. E. (1986)
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Training of Tanzanian engineers in India - Thabit, A.M. (1986)
The training of engineers and other professionals in specialised fields is an expensive programme. It is even more expensive in developing countries where shortages and lack of well qualified teachers, training materials, teaching aids and equipment are not available. Tanzania like any other developing country was faced with shortage of engineers and other professionals when it became independent in 1961. In 1970 when the country had decided to launch a massive programme of trying to provide clean and potable water to her people by the year 1991 the situation with engineers available in the Ministry had not changed very much. This paper therefore attempts to explain how the Ministry of Water, Energy and Minerals (MWEM) achieved this programme by launching a crush training programme of training engineers outside the country. It gives an account of how the idea was conceived and explains how financial support was obtained from Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA).
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Drought and Desertification as Constraints on Agricultural Development of the Western Sudan - Torry, William I. (Studies in third world societies, 1986)
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A Note on Current Research in African Studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London - Turfan, R.B. (African Research & Documentation, 1986)
As the largest specialist in African studies in the United Kingdom, SOAS holds a place at the centre of academic research in the humanities and social sciences relating to Africa. In view of the sheer extent of research undertaken at the School, an article such as this must therefore confine itself to the briefest of reviews. While the School is ordered academically by discipline, its very strong area orientation is reflected in, for example, the Centre for African Studies and the Department of the Languages and Cultures of Africa. These provide a focus for African research undertaken by staff of the School and for courses in African studies, at undergraduate and post-graduate levels, offered by the School.
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The role of state and federal ministries in the development of school libraries in Nigeria - Udoh, Victoria Weimuna (1986)
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Racially segregated school libraries in KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa - Verbeek, Jennifer (Journal of librarianship, 1986)
Racial discrimination in South Africa is a cause of much discontent Unrest in schools can be traced in part to unequal educational opportunity and facilities. An outline of the development of education and of school libraries in Natal and KwaZulu is given. There have been considerable differences in the provision of education and of school library facilities for the various population groups; at present, facilities for whites are good, for Indians adequate and for blacks totally inadequate It is suggested that there is a relationship between sophistication of labour and the inclusion in education of information-handling skills and self-study methods. Thus the school library achieves an economic importance not previously recognized in South Africa.
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The Development and Status of Special Education in Ghana - Walker, Sarah; Marfo, Kofi; Danquah, Samuel A.; Aidoo, B. J. (1986)
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Technology imports, technological learning, and self-reliance in Tanzania - Wangwe, Samuel; Programme, Employment (1986)
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Indoctrination in South African schools - Watt, John R. (Melbourne studies in education, 1986)
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PERCEPTIONS OF PRESENT AND FUTURE PROGRAMMING IN SELECTED CENTERS FOR DISABLED PERSONS IN MOROCCO (HANDICAPPED, INSTITUTIONS, COMMUNITY-BASED) - Watts, Thelma Lois (1986)
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Kenya socio-cultural profiles report : a joint research and training project of the Ministry of Planning and National Development, and the Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi - Were, Gideon S.; Akong's, Joshua; Maundu, Peter M.; Wanjala, Chris L; Nyamwaya, David (1986)
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An acquisitions policy to promote distance teaching at the University of South Africa - Willemse, John (Library Acquisitions: Practice & Theory, 1986)
The Library of the University of South Africa (UNISA) promotes distance teaching by way of a full library service. The development of the acquisitions policy is described. For study a limited number of recommended books has to be provided, often to large numbers of students in a short time. A separate study collection has been established, with branches in the major urban areas to eliminate postal delays. A core collection for research has been developed, with the accent on bibliographic reference, for comprehensive literature searches. Recently increasing student numbers have made it possible to develop strong collections to support active research programs. Cooperative programs are supported actively. Measures to monitor the library's performance have been taken, and future planning will be directed largely to improve effectiveness in meeting user demand.
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An evaluation of the training of traditional birth attendants in Sierra Leone and their performance after training. - Williams, Brendon; Yumkella, F (PubMed, 1986)
A 3-week training program for training Sierra Leone traditional birth attendants (TBAs) which took place in 1974 is evaluated. 313 of 631 TBAs originally trained were followed up using questionnaires directed at the TBAs themselves community leaders mothers trainers and supervisors. 70% of the study population were over 50 years of age 51% had practised between 10 and 25 years and 21% for >25 years. In the last 3 months the majority (118) had assisted with only 1-5 births while 21 had not attended any births at all. 125 were inclined to attempt to assist with breech deliveries rather than refer mothers to the hospital immediately. 177 would send a breech delivery and 167 a case of a retained placenta to a hospital. While 121 of the TBAs reported giving no medication at all postnatally 97 would administer native herbs and 77 pharmaceutical industry painkillers. 117 were aware that prolonged breastfeeding had a pregnancy-prevention effect while 212 were aware of the female oral contraceptive 78 of the condom 102 of spermicide. 20% of all TBAs interviewed had not been supplied with UNICEF midwifery kits. Generally those having kits were knowledgeable in their use. 45% would have liked drugs like ergometrine and pain-killers to be included. that hospital based staff (dispenser physician) had poor working relationships with TBAs while field staff (primary health workers health service sisters) had good relationships. Recommendations for improvement deal with the reinforcement of postnatal care recordkeeping the need for more training on items such as mucus extractors and drugs and the problem of replenishment of midwifery kits.
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Practical words : an ethnography of second language learning (Kano, Nigeria) - Wright, Frank Allen (1986)
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Technical Training and Work Experience in Kenya: A national Tracer Study of the Leavers of Harambee Institutes of Technology and Youth Polytechnics. (Nairobi) - Yambo, Mauri Onyalo (1986)
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Extension education impacts of farming systems research in Lesotho - Youmans, David (1986)
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Architectural education in Algeria - Zerouala, Mohamed Salah (1986)
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Architectural education in Algeria - Zerouala, Mohamed Salah (1986)
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A Study on the Acquisition of Weight Concepts in Tanzanian School Children - 川床, 靖子 (大東文化大学紀要 社会科学, 1986)
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9 Educational Settings, Teaching Methods and Second Language Proficiency of Turkish and Moroccan Children - Bot, Kees de; Buster, Alex; Dieten, Anne-Mieke Jannsen-van (1985)
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The image of training and development consultancy in South Africa - Botha, Francois; Owens, Jay (South African journal of business management (Print), 1985)
The objective of this research was to establish the current image of training and development consultancy in South Africa in relation to the ideal as perceived by their clients. In view of the critical shortage of high-level manpower it was considered important to establish whether this service sector is effectively assisting organizations in developing their management to the required skill levels. Based on a survey of the literature on previous image studies, the research methodology combined the measurement of image by using a structured questionnaire with unstructured, subjective comment to arrive at a conclusion. The Repertory Grid technique was used to generate constructs for the semantic differential scale used in the questionnaire. This questionnaire was administered to training/personnel officials of a sample of manufacturing companies in the PWV area The responses to the questionnaire were analysed by means of basic descriptive statistics, factor analysis and t tests. Certain image dimensions were highlighted, and the results showed that numerous discrepancies existed between the image of training and development consultants and the perceived ideal. It was concluded that in order to effectively assist in alleviating the shortage of high-level manpower, training and development consultants should strive towards improving their analysis of problems, the correct identification of training needs and the customization of the training programmes to match specific South African corporate and cultural needs.
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12 Spatial Reference in L2 Dutch of Turkish and Moroccan Adult Learners: The Initial Stages - Broeder, Peter; Coenen, Johan; Extra, G.; Hout, R.W.N.M. van; Zerrouk, R. (1985)
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Education costs and financing in Africa : some facts and possible lines of action - Mingat, Alain Psacharopoulos (1985)
This paper presents some facts on the costs and financing of education in Sub-Saharan Africa and discusses a number of policy alternatives that may lead to improvements relative to the present situation. The list of policy options includes: (1) the gradual abolition of universal student subsidies, especially in higher education, coupled with selective scholarships and student loans; (2) the reduction of unit costs, without loss of quality, by a better utilization of teacher time, reconsideration of teacher qualifications and salaries and by the increased provision of cost effective education inputs (such as textbooks); (3) the reallocation of the education investment mix to increase the share of levels of education that exhibit a higher social payoff and that are socially more equitable.
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Diversified secondary education and development: evidence from Colombia and Tanzania - Psacharopoulos, George; Loxley, William (1985)
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Geometry and mechanism of faulting of the 1980 El Asnam, Algeria, earthquake from inversion of teleseismic body waves and comparison with field observations - Nábělek, J. (1985)
The El Asnam earthquake of October 10, 1980 ( M s = 7.3), provided a wealth of geological and seismological data and is an ideal event for comparing geologically and seismologically derived models. The event produced extensive surface faulting. In addition to the main tectonic deformation, which is clearly a thrust, widespread secondary normal faulting was observed at the surface. In the southwest region the surface break of a thrust fault could be traced for 24 km. In the northeast part of the fault zone, normal faults with throws of several meters were observed. Although no clear thrust type surface breaks were observed in this region, geodetic measurements and aftershocks indicate that thrusting was nonetheless the main tectonic mode of deformation. In this paper the rupture process of the El Asnam earthquake is investigated by inversion of teleseismic P and SH waves. The effort is concentrated on the late part of the waveforms which carries information about the faulting in the least understood, north‐eastern segment of the fault zone. During the earthquake, rupture initiated at the southern terminus of the southwestern fault segment and propagated northward as indicated by the epicentral location and the observable azimuthal directivity of the body wave shapes and amplitudes. The seismogenic faulting in the southwestern segment has a thrust mechanism with the following average parameters: seismic moment 3.9×10 19 N m, depth 6 km, strike 220°, dip 46°, and rake 72°. The duration of rupture on this fault segment was approximately 10 s which, together with the observed fault length of 24 km, indicates a rupture velocity of 2.4 km/s. Unconstrained inversions suggest normal faulting in the northeast part of the source region that began immediately following the arrival of the rupture to the northeast region. The normal faulting mechanism is in agreement with that observed for the large surface fault scarps in this region. Guided by the evidence from aftershocks and geodetic measurements, a solution with a thrust‐type mechanism was also sought. Using a priori constraints based on the field observations (the observed strike and slip angle), we obtain the following thrust source mechanism for the northeast segment: seismic moment 3.6×10 19 N m, depth 6 km, strike 230°, dip 20°, and rake 91°. This solution requires that the thrusting in the northeast be initiated 10 s after the arrival of the rupture from the southwest, suggesting that some time is required to overcome the geometric barrier marked by the abrupt change in the dip and azimuth. Inversions are nonunique with respect to the seismic moment associated with normal faulting; the ambiguity being caused by the limited bandwidth of the observed body waves. The moment estimated from the surface waves at periods about 300 s, however, favors thrust faulting to be dominant in the northeast region.
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Assistance to student refugees in southern Africa - Algeria; Angola; Bahamas; Botswana; Burundi; Comoros; Congo; Djibouti; Cameroon; Egypt; Ethiopia; Gambia; et al. (1985)
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African Doppler Survey (ADOS) Training Seminar (Cospar Information Bulletin, 1985)
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An Assessment of Surveying Education in Africa with Special Emphasis on Nigeria - Adekoya, Olayinka (Canadian surveyor, 1985)
The paper discusses the existing facilities for the training of surveyors and para-survey staff in Africa, with special emphasis on Nigeria at all levels, viz: professional graduate surveyors, technologists, technicians and instrument operators. It identifies and critically examines the limitations of such facilities to cope with the manpower requirements for the implementation of the surveying and mapping programs of African countries. Recommendations are made to improve and expand the facilities. The need for practical experience and updating of knowledge to cope with modern developments in surveying and mapping technology is emphasized. To meet this need, the establishment of Industrial Job Experience Centres is advocated. The shortage of appropriate lecture materials, textbooks and teaching aids is discussed. The paper calls on African institutions and international professional groups to come to the aid of these institutions in developing and producing textbooks, bearing in mind their peculiar problems. Finally, the paper calls on manufacturers of surveying and mapping equipment to establish a manufacturing, service and maintenance centre for surveying and mapping equipment in Africa.
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Misconceptions of selected ecological concepts held by some Nigerian students - Adeniyi, E. Ola (Journal of Biological Education, 1985)
Abstract A study to determine some common misconceptions held by junior secondary school students who have studied Unit 2 of the Nigerian Secondary School Science Project (NSSSP) Biology, Book One, is described. Students' explanations of selected ecological concepts and principles were obtained by classroom observation, essay test answers, and clinical interviews. There appeared to be two sources of misconceptions: conceptions (misconceptions) already held by the students, and misconceptions introduced during instruction. Some implications of the knowledge of student misconceptions for future revisions of the NSSSP Biology and for the improvement of classroom teaching are discussed.
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Sex division of labour in Syrian school textbooks - Alrabaa, Sami (International review of education, 1985)
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An account of training programmes in the United Kingdom for dental hygienists of the Syrian Arab Republic. - Aw, Spargo (PubMed, 1985)
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An Historical Inquiry Into the Development of Higher Education in Ghana 1948-1984: a Study of the Major Factors That Have Controlled and Inhibited the Development of the Universities of Ghana - Darko, Samuel F. (1985)
Universities in many industrialized countries including Japan, and Australia, have enabled those countries to achieve rapid economic and social advancement. However, this is untrue for the universities of Ghana, due to the country's ailing economy, its continued dependence on foreign manpower, aid, and material goods. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to illuminate the major factors and events that have controlled and inhibited the development of higher education in Ghana from 1948 to 1984. The method of acquiring data involved a computer and manual search for documents from 1) ERIC Database, 2) libraries , and 3) Embassy of Ghana, Washington, D.C. The findings include (1) Establishment of universities on the basis of the Asquith Doctrine; (2) Imitation of British universities' curriculum, constitution, standards and social functions; (3) Characterization of universities by elitism, lack of diversity and adaptation, autonomy, excellence and narrow specialism in their honor degree programs; (4) Emphasis on cognitive rather than psychomotor learning; (5) Matriculation of inadequately qualified secondary school science students; (6) Absence of a nationally formulated statement of manpower needs, goals, and effective long-term planning; (7) Financial exigencies; (8) Suppression, perversion and abuse of academic and intellectual freedom by the government and universities; (9) Inconsistent governmental policies due to abrupt changes in government by military coups.
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Dj.12.519, a Promising Rice Cultivar for Rainfed Shallow, Drought-Prone Areas in Senegal - Faye, A.; Gning, M. (Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 1985)
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South African marine pollution survey Report 1979-1982 - Gardener, BD; Connel, AD; Eagle, G. A.; Moldan, A.; Watling, R. J. (1985)
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Geochemical evolution of the Nyiragongo volcano (Virunga, Western African Rift, Zaire) - Hertogen, Jan; Vanlerberghe, L.; Namegabe, M.R. (Bulletin of The Geological Society of Finland, 1985)
Strongly undersaturated foiditic lavas (nepheline-melilitites, nephelinites, leucitites) from the active Nyiragongo volcano have been analysed for trace elements (Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ba, REE, Hf, Ta, Th and U) by instrumental neutron activation analysis.The overall low Sc and Cr contents and low Mg/Fe ratios suggest that the Nyiragongo parent magma evolved from less undersaturated mantle magmas (olivine-nephelinitic, basanitic) by high-pressure pyroxene fractionation.Pyroxene fractionation seems to be the main cause of the pronounced petrological differences between the adjacent Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira volcanoes.The distribution of incompatible trace elements within the melilite-nephelinitic magma column was strongly affected by migrating C0 2 -rich fluids.This is most clearly reflected in the unusually large fractionation of U from Th (Th/U = 4.5 down to 0.15), and the high and variable REE contents of the carbonated nepheline-melilitites (bergalites).Major element differentiation within the magma column was dominated by melilite fractionation in the early stages.Later on, subtraction of pyroxene ± magnetite) and flotation of leucite (± nepheline) gave rise to the formation of highly foiditic porphyritic leucite-nephelinites and nepheline-leucitites.
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Partial melting of a phlogopite-clinopyroxenite nodule from south-west Uganda: an experimental study bearing on the origin of highly potassic continental rift volcanics - Lloyd, Felicity E.; Arima, Makoto; Edgar, A. D. (Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 1985)
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Mineralogy and partial melting of fenitized crustal xenoliths in the Oldoinyo Lengai carbonatitic volcano, Tanzania - Morogan, Viorica; Martin, Robert F. (1985)
Progressive stages of fenitization are recorded in nine xenoliths of metagranitic and metagabbroic basement that were caught up in alkali carbonatitic magma in the Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Gregory Rift, Tanzania. The ultimate product of fenitization of the two rock types contains sanidine, nepheline and aegirine-augite. Temperatures of approximately 800'C were attained during metasomatism. Disequilibrium melting of the highest-grade assemblages occurred along grain margins, followed by a rapid quench, which prevented homogenization of melt compositions and devitrification. Such anatectic reactions involving a strongly metasomatized lower crust may be responsible for the juxtaposition of phonolitic and alkali carbonatitic melts with mantle-derived nephelinitic magmas at Oldoinyo Lengai.
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The impact of communication on the learning process: A study of secondary schools in Calabar municipality, cross river state of Nigeria - Ndongko, Theresa M.; Agu, A. A. (International Review of Education, 1985)
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Public Health Significance of Industrial Pollution in Zaria, Nigeria - Oganga, A.O.; Abijoroh, D. (The journal of the Royal Society of Health, 1985)
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The Participation of Nigerian Licensed Engineers in Professional Development Activities Related to Management - Saale, Nwike B. (1985)
Many engineers perform managerial roles; however, their professional education in engineering usually does not include management education. Thus, this study examined the participation of the Nigerian licensed engineers in professional development activities in management. The study proposed (1) to determine if, in fact, Nigerian licensed engineers participate in management education and training; (2) to determine the management programs in which the engineers participated and whether participation was voluntary or required, or within Nigeria or overseas; (3) to test hypotheses dealing with these variables: age, management level, academic level, years of experience in a managerial role, and sector of employment; and (4) to identify the mean number of hours of participation. Also, the engineers were asked to judge the value of non-credit versus credit programs.
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Source mechanisms and focal depths of East African earthquakes using Rayleigh-wave inversion and body-wave modelling - Shudofsky, Gordon N. (Geophysical Journal International, 1985)
The source mechanisms and focal depths of 23 African earthquakes, most of them associated with the East African rift system, have been accurately determined using Rayleigh-wave inversion and body-wave modelling techniques. In so doing we have demonstrated the viability of applying these techniques to intermediate-sized earthquakes in regions of relatively sparse seismicity but high tectonic interest. Earthquake source mechanisms in East Africa are mostly of the normal faulting type. Least compressive stress axes for the events considered exhibit a consistent orientation normal to the rifting trends over a wide region of both the eastern — and western branches of the rift system as well as in seismically active but currently unrifted regions to the south. The mechanisms indicate that the stress system responsible for the current rift faulting is still operative and that the East African rift system may be actively continuing southwards. The length scale of relative homogeneity over which we can use phase velocities determined using a well-constrained reference event or events to retrieve the complex spectra of a neighbouring event is at least 500–600 km for several regions of the East African rift system. The implication is that the Rayleigh-wave travel paths through Africa are largely stable and that lateral heterogeneity in East Africa is not as great as might have been expected in a complex zone of continental rifting. The mechanisms of three events in southernmost Africa show this region to be under relative E–W compression, in contrast to the rifted regions to the north which are subject to general E–W tension. Many of the East African events studied have well-constrained focal depths of 15–30 km, depths that are unusually deep for a region of continental extension if lithospheric thinning by the relative upward movement of asthenosphere is the process responsible for rifting. The consistency of focal mechanisms and tensional stress axis orientations for East African earthquakes having widely ranging epicentres and focal depths suggests that a large-scale process is involved in the continental rifting of East Africa. The results of this study are consistent with the idea that rifting in East Africa is connected with passage of the East African lithosphere over a linear thermally anomalous region in the underlying mantle. It is shown that this idea can also account for many of the temporal and spatial aspects of the East African rift system.
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K-Ar geochronoly of the Dokhan volcanics of the central eastern desert, Red Sea Hills, Egypt - Thoroman, Marilyn Christine Porter (1985)
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Leads from the MMWR. Rapid nutritional and health assessment of population affected by drought-associated famine--Chad (JAMA, 1985)
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Santorini Volcanic Ash Found in Egypt - Weisburd, S. (Science news (Washington), 1985)
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Rapid nutritional and health assessment of the population affected by drought-associated famine--Chad. (PubMed, 1985)
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Problems of transition for African students in an American university. - Adelegan, Francis O.; Parks, David J. (Journal of College Student Personnel, 1985)
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The Effects of Language and Schooling on the Solution of Simple Word Problems by Nigerian Children. A Report from the Project Using the Microcomputer to Teach Problem-Solving Skills. Program Report 85-17. - Adetula, Lawal O. (1985)
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Student Culture and Activism in Black South African Universities: The Roots of Resistance. Nokubung O. Nkomo - Altbach, Philip G. (Comparative Education Review, 1985)
Previous articleNext article No AccessBook NotesStudent Culture and Activism in Black South African Universities: The Roots of Resistance. Nokubung O. Nkomo Philip G. AltbachPhilip G. Altbach Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 29, Number 4Nov., 1985 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446563 Copyright 1985 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.
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Margaret Trowell and the Development of Art Education in East Africa - Court, Elsbeth (Art Education, 1985)
(1985). Margaret Trowell and the Development of Art Education in East Africa. Art Education: Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 35-41.
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Nutrition and health needs in drought-stricken Africa. - Dondero, Timothy J. (PubMed, 1985)
Many of the conditions no doubt have already improved in those areas where international relief efforts are under way. The comments made here are based on observations by my colleagues and myself during the emergency phase of the famine and refugee crises and perhaps should be considered more as lessons learned that are better applied to newly emerging situations than to those relief efforts already in progress. In summary, the highest priority emergency health requirements identified during the current crisis have been, in my opinion, the provision of food and supplementary and therapeutic feeding, measles immunization, vitamin A prophylaxis, and oral rehydration therapy, plus the two management issues--rapid needs assessment with continued monitoring and adequate allocation of resources to prevention and control activities. One final note--from discussions with colleagues who were involved in the 1973-74 drought and famine in Africa, this crisis appears to be a repeat. A comprehensive, long-term approach would be beneficial so that these emergency responses are no longer necessary.
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Nutrition and health needs in drought-stricken Africa. - Dondero, Timothy J. (PubMed, 1985)
Many of the conditions no doubt have already improved in those areas where international relief efforts are under way. The comments made here are based on observations by my colleagues and myself during the emergency phase of the famine and refugee crises and perhaps should be considered more as lessons learned that are better applied to newly emerging situations than to those relief efforts already in progress. In summary, the highest priority emergency health requirements identified during the current crisis have been, in my opinion, the provision of food and supplementary and therapeutic feeding, measles immunization, vitamin A prophylaxis, and oral rehydration therapy, plus the two management issues--rapid needs assessment with continued monitoring and adequate allocation of resources to prevention and control activities. One final note--from discussions with colleagues who were involved in the 1973-74 drought and famine in Africa, this crisis appears to be a repeat. A comprehensive, long-term approach would be beneficial so that these emergency responses are no longer necessary.
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Nutrition and health needs in drought-stricken Africa. - Dondero, Timothy J. (PubMed, 1985)
Many of the conditions no doubt have already improved in those areas where international relief efforts are under way. The comments made here are based on observations by my colleagues and myself during the emergency phase of the famine and refugee crises and perhaps should be considered more as lessons learned that are better applied to newly emerging situations than to those relief efforts already in progress. In summary, the highest priority emergency health requirements identified during the current crisis have been, in my opinion, the provision of food and supplementary and therapeutic feeding, measles immunization, vitamin A prophylaxis, and oral rehydration therapy, plus the two management issues--rapid needs assessment with continued monitoring and adequate allocation of resources to prevention and control activities. One final note--from discussions with colleagues who were involved in the 1973-74 drought and famine in Africa, this crisis appears to be a repeat. A comprehensive, long-term approach would be beneficial so that these emergency responses are no longer necessary.
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Rainfall analysis of the sahelian drought in the gambia - Hutchinson, P. (Journal of climatology, 1985)
Abstract Using rainfall data from five stations in The Gambia, it is shown that there has been a very marked decrease in annual rainfall over the last thirty years. This decrease is thought to be due to a reduction in the number of rain‐producing synoptic situations rather than a decrease in intensity of rainfall. Using monthly data for the five stations and decadal and daily data for one station, it is demonstrated that the characteristics of the rainfall season have varied systematically over the years. Although the length of the season is virtually unaltered there is a marked reduction of rainfall in the middle of the season, so that there is a tendency towards bimodality, which could have serious consequences for rain‐fed agriculture.
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Education, Training And Employment Opportunities For Out-Of-School Girls In Zimbabwe: Consultancy Report Prepared For Economic Commission For Africa - Jassat, Ebrahim M.; Mwalo, Margaret; Jambawo, L. (1985)
This report is the outcome of a three-month research project which was conducted from August to October, 1985, on behalf of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa through its subregional office, the Multinational Programming and Operational Centre, Lusaka. The research was undertaken in accordance with the ECA/MULPOC Project Proposal which provided the general framework for the study. The report deviates in format from the ECA/MULPOC framework. In focusing upon access for out-of-school girls to education, training and employment, the ECA/MULPOC framework appears overtly empiricist and repetitious. Overlap in a study of this nature is unavoidable - for example, the discussion on access for out-of-school girls in Zimbabwe reflects upon the status and position of women which in turn is contingent on the country's historical legacy as well as its national policy.
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The geochemistry of late Upper Proterozoic Volcanic Groups in the Red Sea Hills of NE Sudan—evolution of a late Proterozoic volcanic arc system - Klemenic, P.M.; Poole, S.; Ali, S. (Journal of the Geological Society, 1985)
The Kadawcb and Homogar Volcanic Groups occur in the Sudanese portion of the Nubian Shield and are late Proterozoic in age (723 Ma and 671 Ma, respectively). The lavas of both groups display a calc-alkaline character, are broadly similar in terms of their lithology, phenocryst mineralogy and major element composition, and geochemically they are similar to modern arc lavas associated with converging plate margins. However, a clear distinction can be made between the two groups on the basis of the trace element geochemistry of the basaltic components of the suites. The Homogar basalts are chemically more evolved and are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and rare earth elements (REE) having high La/Nb, Ce/Yb N and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios compared with those of the Kadawcb group. These chemical differences possibly follow an evolutionary trend as the less developed Kadawcb lavas are some 50 Ma older than those of the evolved Homogar group. It is suggested that the older Kadawcb lavas were erupted along an intra-oceanic island arc system, while the younger Homogar lavas were extruded along a more evolved transitional arc or possibly a continental margin. The differences in light/heavy REE and LIL/high-field strength element ratios may reflect variation in the degree of alteration of an overlying mantle wedge, possibly due to the introduction of LILE- and REE-enriched fluids derived from dehydrating subducted oceanic lithosphere.
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Contribution of pharmaceutical organizations to medical education and research in Kenya--which is the best way? - Lore, W (PubMed, 1985)
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Educational planning and development in Kenya: the 8-4-4 school curriculum and its implications for self-employment - Makau, B.M. (1985)
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Kreol: A Language Training Program for Peace Corps-Seychelles. - Mancienne, Roger (1985)
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Effects of Women's Education on Postpartum Practices and Fertility in Urban Nigeria - Oni, Gbolahan A. (Studies in Family Planning, 1985)
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Effects of women's education on postpartum practices and fertility in urban Nigeria. - Oni, Gbolahan A. (PubMed, 1985)
This study examines the influence of women's education on postpartum practices and fertility in Ilorin, a Nigerian urban community. Using life-table survival analysis to estimate breastfeeding and abstinence durations and the Cox Proportional Hazards Model to estimate relative risk of weaning and terminating abstinence, women's education was found to have a strong negative relationship with breastfeeding and postpartum abstinence. The use of contraception was low in this community and marital fertility for educated women was higher than for illiterate women. Policy implications of the findings and recommendations are discussed.
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Education and Income Determination in Kenya. Arne Bigsten - Psacharopoulos, George (Comparative education review, 1985)
Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsEducation and Income Determination in Kenya. Arne Bigsten George PsacharopoulosGeorge Psacharopoulos Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 29, Number 4Nov., 1985 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446552 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright 1985 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.
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Relationships of Schistosoma Haematobium, Hookworm and Malarial Infections and Metrifonate Treatment to Growth of Kenyan School Children - Stephenson, Lani S.; Latham, Michael C.; Kurz, Kathleen M.; Kinoti, Stephen N.; Oduori, Martin L.; Crompton, D. W. T. (American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1985)
"Relationships of Schistosoma Haematobium, Hookworm and Malarial Infections and Metrifonate Treatment to Growth of Kenyan School Children" published on Nov 1985 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
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Use of an informal reading inventory for reading assessment of Nigerian primary school children - Umolu, Joanne; Mallam, Winifred (Reading, 1985)
ReadingVolume 19, Issue 3 p. 172-176 Use of an informal reading inventory for reading assessment of Nigerian primary school children J. Umolu, J. Umolu Faculty of Education, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.Search for more papers by this authorW. Mallam, W. Mallam Faculty of Education, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.Search for more papers by this author J. Umolu, J. Umolu Faculty of Education, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.Search for more papers by this authorW. Mallam, W. Mallam Faculty of Education, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.Search for more papers by this author First published: November 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9345.1985.tb00601.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References Abiri, J.O.O. (1969) ‘ World I.T.A. Versus Traditional Orthography Doctoral dissertation, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Google Scholar Brown, Don A. (1982) Reading Diagnosis and Remediation, Englewood Cliffs , New Jersey : Prentice-Hall. Google Scholar DuBey, Olive C. (1983) ‘ Diagnosis and Remediation in the Primary School: a case study of Programme Development at A.B.U.’ in Literacy and Reading in Nigeria, Vol. 1, edited by S. Unoh R. Omojuwa and S. Crow. Zaria : Institute of Education, Ahmadu Bello University. Google Scholar Straight for English, Longman Nigeria, 1981. Google Scholar Umolu, Joanne (1983) ‘ The Role of the Resource Teacher in Educating the Learning Disabled Child in the Regular School. Paper presented at the Nigerian Educational Research Council Conference, Benin City, Nigeria, December, 1983. Google Scholar Williams, David (1981) ‘ Reading English at the Upper-Primary Level’ in M. N. Kisekka (ed.) Children in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Problems and Needs; Zaria : Ahmadu Bello University. Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume19, Issue3November 1985Pages 172-176 ReferencesRelatedInformation
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Learning strategies for post-literacy and continuing education in Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and United Kingdom - Davé, Vrushank; Ravindrakumar, H; Perera; Ouane; Adama (1985)
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The Practice of Arithmetic in Liberian Schools - Brenner, Mary E. (Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 1985)
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Experiential Training of Primary Health Workers in Nigeria - Egwu, Igbo N. (The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 1985)
A training program which encourages trained primary health workers in Nigeria to develop and integrate theoretical and community-relevant skills, is described. Prior to field work (field posting), students received lectures on health concepts related to their prospective field assignments. They were then tested on these concepts at the end of the lectures. Practice modules, as an operational approach in the community were developed. There was evidence to suggest enhanced knowledge base, better understanding of the principles of primary health care, and an appreciation of the role and desirability of community-oriented training. The applicability of these findings to the training of other cadres of health workers, including medical students, is suggested. Their implications for the development and practice of primary health care are discussed.
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Moral Education in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects - Iheoma, E. O. (Journal of Moral Education, 1985)
Abstract Nigerian society today exhibits symptoms of serious moral malaise. There is consequently widespread concern about the nation's moral predicament. This paper is an attempt to investigate the roots of the problem. The problem appears to lie mainly in the uncritical adoption of the values of an alien culture particularly the values of individualism and materialism in social, political and economic relations. Current approaches to moral education in Nigerian schools have been examined and considered inadequate to cope with the contemporary moral crisis. In the light of the shortcomings identified in the present methods of giving moral education in our schools, suggestions have been made for an exploration of other approaches which might strengthen what is of positive value in the current approach as well as overcome its deficiencies. It is argued that emphasis on a consequentialist approach within the framework of an integrated approach to moral education will have the advantage of attracting the widest possible audience and making the greatest impact on our multicultural society.
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Management and management education in a less developed economy: the case of Malawi - Jenkins, Charles T. (1985)
Malawi is seen as a society in transition, and as a consequence, it is argued, Malawian managers face particular problems where traditional and Western values intersect. The role of the Polytechnic of Malawi as a provider of management education in this environment is thus problematical. The thesis begins with a description of the Malawian business environment in its geographical, historical, political, cultural, economic and institutional forms, and then goes on to examine the problems practising managers themselves feel they face, and attempts to explain these problems in terms of the environmental factors described, and the environmental changes taking place. It is concluded, from the analysis conducted, that the environmental features discussed interact in a complex way to make Malawian managers averse to exercising initiative and taking decisions. The question of what the Polytechnic can do to help overcome this aversion is addressed. The field research was conducted in Malawi in the seven months January to July, 1980, during which time 207 questionnaires were administered to junior and middle managers working in all sectors of the economy at levels equivalent to Polytechnic graduate entry. In addition, a number of senior managers (both Malawian and expatriate) were interviewed, a case study was conducted in a manufacturing organisation, and a second questionnaire was administered to all business students at the Polytechnic. Extensive use of official statistics was also made where appropriate.
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New geochronological data on volcanic rocks from northeast Sudan and their implication for crustal evolution - Klemenic, P.M. (Precambrian Research, 1985)
The basement volcano-sedimentary rocks of northeast Sudan form part of the Nubian Shield of northeast Africa. Volcanic rocks from the Kadawēb area yield Rb—Sr wholerock isochron ages of 718 and 722 Ma and initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7027 and 0.7029. In the Homogar area, 150 km to the south, volcanic rocks yield a Rb—Sr whole-rock isochron age of 671 Ma and an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7034. Although all of these lavas have been altered by a low-grade greenschist facies event, isotopic and geochemical evidence indicates limited open system behaviour. Thus these dates most probably represent extrusive ages indicating two episodes of volcanic activity during the evolution of the Nubian Shield. These results place some important constraints on the nature of crustal evolution in northeast Africa.
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Interaction of a rheomorphic peralkaline ash-flow tuff and underlying deposits, Menengai volcano, Kenya - Leat, P. T. (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1985)
In the caldera wall of the volcano Menengai, Kenya, a late Quaternary peralkaline trachyte ash-flow tuff is densely welded and shows evidence (e.g. a well-defined lineation) or rheomorphism. The ash-flow tuff overlies a variety of volcanic and volcaniclastic deposits, with some of which it has intimate and complex relationships interpreted to have formed during post-emplacement processes. Where emplaced over a low-density pumice-fall deposit, the dense rheomorphic ash-flow tuff invaded the pumice deposit as tongues, and locally the two deposits mixed intimately. Blocks of welded, foliated ash-flow tuff were incorporated, when cooled and rigid, into the underlying pumice deposit, indicating mobility of the pumice deposit. Locally, the pumice-fall deposit was modified, during processes associated with the emplacement of the ash-flow tuff, to a pumice-bearing silt. The modifying process apparently involved smashing of fragile pumice lumps during physical agitation of the pumice deposit. Where emplaced over dense deposits, shear at the base of the rheomorphic ash contributed to the development of a gently dipping, nearly planar erosional surface. A microbreccia (buff silt) deposit formed along this shear plane consists of material from the overlying ash-flow and underlying deposits and was probably rich in gas and mobile during its formation.
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Teacher reaction to innovation: a case study in a South African setting - Macdonald, Megan; Gilmour, James David; Moodie, Peter (Journal of Education for Teaching, 1985)
The reaction of teachers to an innovation, the Science Education Project in South Africa, has been analysed by considering the demands made on them in their roles of subject specialist, classroom director, professional and employee. The Science Education Project relies on phased, ongoing inservice work, incorporating courses, on‐site teacher support and teacher groups, to achieve its purposes of encouraging teacher growth and hence more active, pupil‐oriented classrooms. The four roles represent an increasing complexity of involvement of implementers with teachers, and have been found to correspond with the phases of inservice work.
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The potassic series of Karisimbi volcano (Virunga range, Rwanda): Volcanological and petrological aspects - Marcelot, G.; Rançon, Jean-Philippe; Demange, Jacques (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1985)
The Karisimbi volcano (Rwanda) is one of the principal eruptive centers of the Virunga volcanic range. It is located at the southern tip of a NE-SW volcano-tectonic axis on the western branch of the East African Rift. The different morphological units (caldera “Branca”, pit crater “Muntango”, domes and flow domes) built up on the main edifice make Karisimbi the most complex central volcano of the Virunga range. The products of Karisimbi's activity are essentially fluid lavas of basic or intermediate chemical composition and viscous differentiated lavas. Ash falls and pumice flows are evidence of pyroclastic episodes which occurred during the last stages of volcanic activity around 30,000 years ago. The upper Pleistocene potassic series of Karisimbi is composed of a diverse range of lavas, closely associated in space and time. These lavas show many common features with rocks from rift provinces, such as high K2O, TiO2, Rb and Ba contents. The general evolution of the series from potassic basanites to trachytes is qualitatively compatible with the successive separations of the mineral phases observed in the lavas (olivine, clinopyroxene, leucite, ferro-titanic oxides, plagioclase, biotite, alkali feldspar). Coexisting Fe-Ti oxides indicate equilibration temperatures lying between 1100° and 750°C and fO2 between N-NO and QFM buffers. Felsic magmas are considered to have crystallized at a relatively shallow level in the crust, under near water-saturated conditions, which is consistent with the presence of pyroclastics with trachytic composition and the presence of hydrous mineral phases.
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The Nature of Rainfall and Soil Moisture in the Northeastern Part of Ghana During the 1975–1977 Drought - Ofori‐Sarpong, E. (Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, 1985)
ABSTRACTThis paper examines the distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall in the north-eastern Ghana during the 1975–1977 drought. Water budgets for the study area are estimated to assess the nature of water availability in the drought period.
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The Earthquake Chronology of Palestine and Northwest Arabia from the 2nd Through the Mid-8th Century A. D. - Russell, Kenneth W. (Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 1985)
This article addresses several issues relevant to a better understanding of why archaeologists have generally failed to reach a consensus on the dating, regional impact, or identification of earthquake destructions in the depositional records of Roman / Byzantine Palestine and the province of Arabia. An evaluation of earthquake destructions in these regions from the 2nd through the mid-8th century A. D. is based upon an analysis of both ancient textual accounts and contemporaneous archaeological data. Depositional processes affecting archaeoseismic destruction evidence as it appears in the archaeological record are also discussed.
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Connotative Meaning of Time among Egyptian and American Students - Sanders, Jeffrey L.; Brizzolara, Mary S. (The Journal of Social Psychology, 1985)
Abstract The connotative meaning of time was investigated in Egyptian and American university students. A factor analysis of 16 semantic differential scales disclosed that both groups construed time in a somewhat similar fashion. A multivariate analysis of the scales revealed that the Egyptians described time in more favorable terms than did the Americans. In contrast, the Americans reported time to be more predictable and more understandable than did the Egyptians.
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Geochemistry and petrogenesis of early Proterozoic intracratonic volcanic rocks of the Ventersdorp Supergroup, South Africa - Schweitzer, J. K.; Kröner, Alfred (Chemical Geology, 1985)
The ∼ 2.5-Ga old predominantly volcanic rocks of the Ventersdorp Supergroup represent a cratonic cover sequence within the Kaapvaal Craton of southern Africa. They are underlain by the rocks of the Witwatersrand Supergroup and are overlain by sediments of the Transvaal Supergroup. The sequence consists of six formations and is more than 3700 m thick. It comprises basaltic, andesitic, dacitic and rhyolitic lavas with agglomeratic intercalations as well as subgreywacke, conglomerate, local stromatolitic limestone and shale. Petrographic investigations and the determination of major and trace elements were carried out on 45 samples of volcanic rocks from nine boreholes originating from the Klerksdorp area, the Orange Free State and the East Rand. The primary mineralogy of the mafic to intermediate volcanics consisted of clinopyroxene, plagioclase and quartz but has been extensively altered during low-temperature metamorphism with hornblende, actinolite/tremolite, serpentinite, epidote, calcite, chlorite, sericite, clinozoisite, titanite and sphene occurring as secondary minerals. The analyzed rock types consist of basalts, basaltic andesites and andesites as well as felsic lavas. Two samples of ultramafic cumulate volcanic rock and two vitric tuffs were also investigated. In spite of considerable alteration the preserved mineralogy and inter-element correlations indicate that the basalts, basaltic andesites and andesites are cogenetic. The ultramafic and felsic rocks are probably also cogenetic, but more geochemical data are required to demonstrate this relationship. The systematic variations of Ti, Y and Nb vs. Zr throughout the volcanic succession suggest a crystal fractionation sequence involving OlPlCpx ± Mt ± Opx. Major- and trace-element data show that magnetite crystallized during the later stages of differentiation. Discrimination diagrams to infer the tectonic setting produce equivocal results and seem to have only limited validity for these early Proterozoic rocks. The geotectonic setting of the Ventersdorp Supergroup suggests a basin development whose further evolution into a proper continental rift system was aborted during the phase of basin subsidence. Chemical similarities with Archaean greenstone belt volcanic assemblages suggest that the Ventersdorp rocks reflect the evolution of an “abortive” greenstone belt on thick continental crust.
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Integrating science and technology into a policy of lifelong education in Nigeria - Urevbu, Andrew O. (International Journal of Lifelong Education, 1985)
(1985). Integrating science and technology into a policy of lifelong education in Nigeria. International Journal of Lifelong Education: Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 319-325.
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The process at the earthquake sources of the Gazli (April 8, 1976; May 17, 1976) and Algeria (October 10, 1980) earthquakes - Vvedenskaya, A.V.; Savarenskaya, O.E. (Tectonophysics, 1985)
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The Nursing Student at the University of South Africa - Brownlee, E.B.I. (Curationis, 1985)
This research project, undertaken in the Department of Nursing Science at Unisa between 1978 and 1981, focuses on nursing education in general and in particular on nurses as postregistration students furthering their education through the medium of teletuition in the nonresidential academic setting offered by Unisa.
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Policies for development of secondary education in Papua New Guinea - Westren, B. (1985)
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African Doppler Survey (ADOS) Training Seminar (Bulletin géodésique, 1985)
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Transitional study programmes at the distance teaching University of South Africa: a continuing experiment - As, Ben S. van (Distance Education, 1985)
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The Practice of Arithmetic in Liberian Schools - Brenner, Mary E. (Anthropology & education quarterly, 1985)
Anthropology & Education QuarterlyVolume 16, Issue 3 p. 177-186 Free Access The Practice of Arithmetic in Liberian Schools MARY E. BRENNER, MARY E. BRENNER Kamehameha Early Education Project Honolulu, HawaiiSearch for more papers by this author MARY E. BRENNER, MARY E. BRENNER Kamehameha Early Education Project Honolulu, HawaiiSearch for more papers by this author First published: Fall 1985 https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.1985.16.3.05x1481yCitations: 13AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume16, Issue3Fall 1985Pages 177-186 RelatedInformation
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The nutritional status and feeding practices among sick urban pre-school children admitted to a major hospital in Accra, Ghana - Commey, J. O. O.; Amuasi, G. A. S.; Richardson, J. E.; Asamoah-Baah, Anarfi (Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 1985)
SUMMARYIn a prospective study of 652 sick pre-school children only 33% were found to be adequately nourished. Among the malnourished, 54.3% had first degree malnutrition while 32.3% and 13.4% had second and third degree malnutrition respectively. The majority of malnourished children (72.4%) had undernutrition: kwashiorkor (14.2%), marasmus 7.3%) and marasmic kwashiorkor (6.1%) was relatively less common. Furthermore, 58% of the underweight children were stunted, indicating malnutrition of some considerable duration. Malnutrition was essentially of postnatal origin and closely related to a high incidence of malnutrition-associated illnesses: diarrhoea (74%), measles (51%) and intestinal parasites (54%). Though breast feeding was universal and of adequate duration, milk production was mostly inadequate because of too early supplementation with low-energy cereal gruels with little or no protein-enrichment. The majority of children came from low socio-economic homes (61%) with mostly illiterate or semi-literate mothers. It is essential that newer methods of teaching be employed in the health education of these unfortunate mothers. Health institutions other than well-baby clinics need to have integrated units for nutritional and immunization surveillance and also for serving as avenues for the supply of free supplementary food items to children with poor weight gain, especially those from poor homes. Clinical Nutrition Units are needed to ensure that inpatients receive nutrients sufficient for continuing and catch-up growth.
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Training traditional midwives in Manicaland, Zimbabwe - Egullion, Claude (International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 1985)
Sixty percent of the 60,000 annual deliveries in the province of Manicaland, Zimbabwe occur in the home under the care of a traditional birth attendant (TBA) who is a family member. A training guideline for TBAs was developed based on their knowledge and perceptions and cultural context of delivery care. Training took place at all of the health facilities providing delivery care. The nursing staff at all of these facilities were trained through workshops to be the trainers of the TBAs. The site and timing of training sessions were established to conform to the maximum convenience of the TBAs and to ensure continued follow-up and linkage with the formal health care system. Training includes the risk approach and the training materials used were only those that could be locally obtained. The training has been well received by the TBAs, the continued contact has served as a means for obtaining data on births, delivery-related morbidity and mortality. An evaluation of the impact of the program on the knowledge and practices of TBAs and the impact on health is underway.
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Consequences of the El-Asnam earthquakes: Turbidity currents and slumps on the Algerian margin (Western Mediterranean) - El-Robrini, Maâmar; Gennesseaux, M.; Mauffret, A. (Geo-marine letters, 1985)
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Macrolevel Education Management Structure for Gifted Pupils in South Africa - Haasbroek, J. B. (Gifted international, 1985)
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Problem-based education in Gezira, Sudan - Hamad, Bashir (Medical Education, 1985)
This communication expands on the educational methods presently in action in the Gezira Medical School, Sudan with the aim of posing an approach to problem-based teaching and learning within the context of the limited resources of a developing country. Community-oriented education had been described elsewhere (Hamad, 1981, 1982). The focus in the present paper is mainly on problem-based learning (PBL). After a short review, definition of terms and an outline of the educational method of PBL, a brief description of the methods as applied in Gezira is given, in addition to a description of how the courses are designed and in what form (course design and format). The evaluation system is then outlined.
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Coping with Drought in Botswana: an African Success - Holm, John; Morgan, Richard G. (The Journal of Modern African Studies, 1985)
Since African states began to obtain their political independence almost three decades ago, drought has exacerbated critical problems of social equality. In domestic politics, élites have used their control over food aid to enhance their power vis-à-vis those suffering from declines in agricultural production. Two scholars recently concluded that ‘food-relief programmes…have helped to widen the gap between rich and poor in virtually every country in which they operate’. Internationally, the industrialised states have taken advantage of drought to impose policy directions on affected African states. Often the general public has had to bear the brunt of changes in, for example, the prices of consumer goods and wages.
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Applications of distance education in Kenya - Holmberg, Borge (Distance Education, 1985)
(1985). Applications of distance education in Kenya. Distance Education: Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 242-247.
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Food, Sex, and Pollution: A New Guinea Religion. - Mandeville, Elizabeth G.; Meigs, Anna (Man, 1985)
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Educational rehabilitation of mentally and physically handicapped children in Benin City, Nigeria - O, J; Ogbe, Michael (Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 1985)
Handicapping diseases have remained major problems associated with immense suffering and superstition in the African setting. There are no accurate vital statistics of the incidence of mental and physical retardation in children in Nigeria, but it is presumed to be higher than in the U.S.A. or Europe. This study shows that provision for education and rehabilitation for handicapped children, such as school accommodation, transportation, teaching aids, specialist teachers etc., attract low priority in the minds of the education planners. In developing countries, the efforts of voluntary organizations to supplement government efforts should be encouraged by the Government and by the public. Intensive health education is needed for the public and also for the teachers who come in contact with handicapped children.
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The Mujedawa Dispensary Project: An Experiment in Social Work Education in Nigeria - Ojanuga, Durrenda Nash (Journal of Social Work Education, 1985)
Abstract Social work education in Nigeria is taught only in polytechnic schools and in-service training institutes. Only recently have social work course units been introduced at the university level; no Nigerian university offers a degree in the field, yet. The social work courses available are offered toward degrees in sociology. This paper describes how social work students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, built a dispensary as part of their fieldwork in a newly-introduced social work methodology course. It discusses implications for social work education in Nigeria.
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Undergraduate teaching of the behavioural sciences at a new medical school in Ghana - Osei, Y. (Medical education (Oxford. Print), 1985)
Summary. A programme of teaching in the behavioural sciences at a new medical school in Ghana is described. Students are introduced to problems in their first year and these are used as a means of working in small groups, for self-directed learning and the collection of data. The course continues for 5 years and leads on to a residential posting at a psychiatric hospital, and embodies a close association between ‘clinical’ medicine and psychological medicine. The programme has only been running for 2 years and so an adequate objective evaluation cannot yet be made, but judged subjectively it is enjoyed by students.
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Perceptions of the Guidance Teacher as Preferred Helping Agent in Some South African Schools - Skuy, Mervyn; Hoar, Ricardo; Oakley-Smith, Terry; Westaway, Margaret S. (British journal of guidance & counselling, 1985)
Abstract A questionnaire was administered to 359 pupils and 31 teachers at seven middle-class Johannesburg high schools. The results indicated that pupils selected guidance teachers less often than parents and friends as helping agents and that, in most areas of concern, the extent to which guidance teachers were selected was negligible. Relative to this, teachers considerably overrated pupils' preference for the guidance teacher, whom they perceived as pupils' favoured source of help in certain areas. Similarly, while a significant majority of pupils indicated their discomfort in approaching their guidance teacher, most teachers believed the contrary. The differing perceptions of teachers and pupils, and the need to address shortcomings in the guidance system, are discussed.
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Perceptions of the guidance teacher as preferred helping agent in some South African schools - Skuy, Mervyn; Hoar, Ricardo; Oakley-Smith, Terry; Westaway, Margaret S. (British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 1985)
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Midwifery education in Malawi - Speirs, Judith (Midwifery, 1985)
At Independence in 1964 the only registered nurses and midwives in Malawi were those who had trained elsewhere. This paper describes the development of midwifery training in a country which is working hard to achieve the aim of the World Health Organisation of ‘Health for All by the year 2000’.
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THE RISE AND FALL OF UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION IN PERIPHERAL NORTHERN NIGERIA - Stock, Robert (Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 1985)
Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale GeografieVolume 76, Issue 4 p. 274-287 THE RISE AND FALL OF UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION IN PERIPHERAL NORTHERN NIGERIA ROBERT STOCK, ROBERT STOCK Kingston, Ontario, Canada *Department of Geography, Queen's University, Kingston. Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada.Search for more papers by this author ROBERT STOCK, ROBERT STOCK Kingston, Ontario, Canada *Department of Geography, Queen's University, Kingston. Ontario, K7L 3N6 Canada.Search for more papers by this author First published: September 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.1985.tb01035.x AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume76, Issue4September 1985Pages 274-287 RelatedInformation
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Clay Mineralogy of a Soil Formed in Peralkaline Volcanic Ash from the Great Rift Valley in Kenya - Wakatsuki, Toshiyuki; Wielemaker, W.G. (Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1985)
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: siliceous iron oxidehisingeriteperalkaline volcanic ashustic moisture regime
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Policeman whipping student protester with sjambok, Johannesburg, South Africa - Gubb, Louise (1985)
A policeman sjamboks (whips) an escaping student rioter during unrest and protests in Western Township near Johannesburg, South Africa, 21 August 1985.
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Effects of drought on the animal population in Eritrea - Woldehiwet, Z.; Haywood, S; Trafford, J. A. P. (Veterinary Record, 1985)
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Education and income determination in Kenya - Armitage, Jane (Journal of Development Economics, 1985)
The Congo Basin is a vital water artery in Central Africa and holds more than 50 % of Africa's surface water. Despite the abundance of natural and human resources, the region faces a multitude of social, political, and governance challenges exacerbated by the climate crisis and water stress settings. These conditions severely impact native communities and pastoral populations living in vulnerable conditions with millions displaced or forced to migrate. The shrinking of Lake Chad Basin (LCB) has had multifaceted consequences both directly and indirectly, including forced displacement, violent conflicts, and political instability across the Sahel. The 'complex loop' of water-migration-conflict and climate change impacts is influencing regional governance strategies, particularly those related to cross-border agendas of water management, governance operations, and water sharing. Towards an enhanced understanding of this loop, this synthesis presents few key aspects and refreshed insights to guide the current and future regional discourse on hydrodiplomacy. The data and knowledge, observations, and analysis from the project 'Addressing Climate and Water Driven Migration and Conflict Interlinkages to Build Community Resilience in the Congo Basin' (2017–2021) provide empirical insights. The LCB and the Congo Basin serve as a case study to examine the multifaceted spill over effects of conflict and migration in a complex sociocultural context, where state and customary water-sharing norms apply in tandem. The hydrodiplomacy construct for this synthesis focuses on 'participation' and 'cooperation' and the Inter-Basin Water Transfer (IBWT) project Transaqua. The next section of the paper unpacks the loop within water stress-induced migration and conflict episodes, focusing on Mbororo pastoralists. Key findings highlight that the LCB and the Congo Basin historic water-sharing arrangements for the pastoralist community and the shift towards large-scale commerce and economics-oriented notions of water management, such as Transaqua, are handled in isolation. These aspects are clearly interconnected and should be appropriately factored in the region’s emerging hydrodiplomacy discourse. Secondly, participation of communities and stakeholders in decision making remains crucial to the balance of the complex geopolitical relations and, for understanding the effects of these crises on conflicts, migration and water diplomacy. Additionally, up-to-date data and information are significant for the future of hydrodiplomacy in the Chad-Congo equation, as water politics dynamics in the region is strained and hydrodiplomacy is in a juvenile stage. To conclude, it is suggested that regional hydrodiplomacy is explored as a win-win solution while ensuring that existing discussions are inclusive, reflective of local and cultural contexts, and community needs are appropriately integrated. The synthesis proposes that States with shared water-related challenges could view hydrodiplomacy as a tool for consensus-building and supporting long-term regional water governance plans and policies.
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CONSTRAINTS ON LIBRARY AUTOMATION IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NIGERIA: PROSPECTS FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING - Ba, Stella Joanne Jupp (1985)
A Master's thesis, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Master of Arts degree of the Loughborough University of Technology September, 1985 Supervisor: Mrs G.M. Tseng BSc, MSc, MllnfSc Department of Library and Information Studies © Stella Joanne Jupp, 1985
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Mothers' Influence on Daughters' Orientations toward Education: An Egyptian Case Study - Bach, Rebecca; Gadalla, S; Khattab, Hind Abu Seoud; Gulick, John (Comparative Education Review, 1985)
Previous articleNext article No AccessReportMothers' Influence on Daughters' Orientations toward Education: An Egyptian Case StudyRebecca Bach, Saad Gadalla, Hind Abu Seoud Khattab, and John GulickRebecca Bach Search for more articles by this author , Saad Gadalla Search for more articles by this author , Hind Abu Seoud Khattab Search for more articles by this author , and John Gulick Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 29, Number 3Aug., 1985 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446528 Views: 11Total views on this site Citations: 3Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1985 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Paula K. Lorgelly Are there Gender-Separate Human Capital Effects on Growth? A Review of the Recent Empirical Literature, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2000).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.627222Varghese I. Cherian The Relationship Between Parental Interest and Academic Achievement of Xhosa Children from Monogamous and Polygynous Families, The Journal of Social Psychology 133, no.55 (Oct 1993): 733–736.https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9713929Varghese I. Cherian Parental Interest and Academic Achievement of Xhosa Children, Psychological Reports 69, no.11 (Sep 2016): 183–188.https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.1.183
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The petrology and geochemistry of the pre-Karoo Elandskraal Volcano, South Africa - Frick, C.; Walraven, F. (South African Journal of Geology, 1985)
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A comparison between and a discussion of the training and problems of oral hygienists in America, South Africa and other countries. - Holtzhausen, T (PubMed, 1985)
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Attitudes of nigerian medical students towards use and abuse of tobacco, alcohol and drugs - Johnson, F Y (Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 1985)
The questionnaire devised by WHO as a standardized instrument for use across cultures, and modified to suit an African culture, was completed by 104 clinical medical students (male and female) selected at random. After statistical analysis, the results were discussed regarding attitudes (approval/disapproval); perceived availability; social connotation; perceived harmfulness; perceived problems; perceived parental norms; religion; and exposure to use. A significant finding was that 78% of the medical students disapprove of people using all the listed drugs, 11% disapprove slightly and only 11% do not disapprove.
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Non‐Verbal Forms of Communication in Africa and their Use in Training - Msimuko, Arthur K.; Mtukwa, Joan Z. (PLET. Programmed learning & educational technology, 1985)
Abstract In this paper, the authors have described how Africans use the human body as a medium of communication. They do this in two ways. The first is through deliberate or subconscious use of various parts of the human body to convey different types of message. The second is by making deliberate tribal marks on the human body as a means of sending and receiving messages. An attempt has been made in this paper to suggest ways of using all these forms of non‐verbal communication in the instructional setting.
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Cultural Production in Kenyan Medical Education - Rathgeber, Eva M. (Comparative Education Review, 1985)
Previous articleNext article No AccessCultural Production in Kenyan Medical EducationEva M. RathgeberEva M. Rathgeber Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 29, Number 3Aug., 1985 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446524 Views: 6Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1985 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Eva M. Rathgeber A tenuous relationship: The African university and development policymaking in the 1980s, Higher Education 17, no.44 (Jan 1988): 397–410.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00139537John M.A. Oyiborhoro Audiology training in Nigeria—II: A cost-effective approach to training programs, Social Science & Medicine 26, no.1010 (Jan 1988): 1043–1047.https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(88)90222-5
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Health education strategies for Sierra Leone. - Te, Macauley (1985)
General agreement exists that education must depend on the presence availability and affordability of mass and local media e.g. radio television press drums folk songs drama role play story telling and face-to-face communication. The use of any of these media should be supported by proper managerial economic and technical resources. The point at issue is how does one decide between using 1 medium or another. In any proper education program media should be used to mobilize and integrate community participation and development. Throughout the years Sierra Leone has embarked on a series of carefully planned education campaigns aimed at developing the nutritional and status of the community through national and local education exhibitions. These campaigns are supported by periodic radio broadcasts printed materials other audiovisual aids and community organizations. 1 of the innovative ideas in the National Health Development Plan is the utilization of the traditional extension workers. Health education strategies in Sierra Leone have very strong components of primary care according to the World Health Organization (WHO) concept of health for all by the year 2000. The strategies for realizing the WHO concept include: development of new policies in harmony with the principles of primary care; facilitate the development of human resources; identify the educational technology appropriate to promote individual and community involvement and self reliance; strengthen and utilize multisectoral approaches with increased coordination and implementation; and monitor and evaluate all related programs. There exists an acute shortage of trained education specialists throughout the world. It is the national policy of the education program to plan and implement training programs for and allied workers who are actively engaged in educating the community with a view toward attaining for all through primary care. The overall objective of training in education is to help trainees perceive clearly their new roles with regard to the contribution that education can make in the promotion and maintenance of the status of the community. Training as 1 of the education strategies in Sierra Leone will assist the trainees to acquire the right kind of knowledge attitudes and skills necessary for their jobs. Training takes place both in the classroom and in nonformal settings such as through community leaders voluntary organizations and education specialists at work in the field. Experience shows that those receiving training in at the grassroots level are capable of training their family members.
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Military attacks, drought and hunger in Mozambique - Tickner, Vincent (Review of African political economy, 1985)
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Population dynamics of Glossina pallidipes under drought conditions at Nguruman, Kenya - Dransfield, R. D.; Chaudhury, M. F. B.; Tarimo, S. A.; Golder, T. K.; Brightwell, R. (1985)
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Nine Haiku for Drought Victims of Ethiopia and Sudan (The New England Journal of Medicine, 1985)
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Hunger from the African Drought (The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 1985)
The American Journal of Economics and SociologyVolume 44, Issue 3 p. 293-293 Hunger from the African Drought First published: July 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.1985.tb02345.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume44, Issue3July 1985Pages 293-293 RelatedInformation
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The Muslim minority in Malawi and western education - Bone, David S. (Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs, 1985)
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School sanitation in Lesotho - Dlangamandla, Virginia (Waterlines, 1985)
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AN ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR COPING WITH STUDENT ACTIVISM AND INDISCIPLINE IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES - Enaohwo, J. Okpako (Higher Education in Europe, 1985)
(1985). AN ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR COPING WITH STUDENT ACTIVISM AND INDISCIPLINE IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES. Higher Education in Europe: Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 56-62.
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Research into methods of teaching mathematics: some results from Kenya - Eshiwani, George S. (International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 1985)
The teaching of mathematics in many countries in Africa has been deteriorating over the last few years. Factors that have contributed to this situation include shortage of qualified teachers, use of inappropriate teaching methods and a high turnover of mathematics teachers in the schools. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative effectiveness of Programmed Instruction (PI), Conventional Classroom Approach (CCA), and Integrated Programmed Instruction (IPI) in the teaching of a unit in probability to Kenyan high‐school students. A secondary purpose of the investigation was to identify some predictors that might be used in predicting performance of Kenyan high‐school students studying probability. The sample used in the study consisted of 354 subjects drawn from four schools (two boys’ schools and two girls’ schools). The subjects were administered seven pretests: Attitude Test, Five Dots Test, Fractions, Arithmetic Reasoning, Probability, Comprehension of Scientific terms and Vocabulary Test. They were then randomly assigned to three treatment groups: PI, CCA and IPI. The subjects were administered post‐tests in probability at the end of instruction. The results of the study revealed that programmed instruction is superior to conventional classroom instruction either by itself or integrated with commen‐tional instruction. From this study, it is evident that programmed instruction has a great potential in countries like Kenya where the shortage of teachers in mathematics is a major problem.
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Geochemistry of Pan-African volcanic arc sequences in southeastern Sinai Peninsula and plate tectonic implications - Furnes, Harald; Shimron, Aryeh E.; Roberts, David L. (Precambrian Research, 1985)
Major and trace elements of lavas, dykes and plutonic rocks of the late Proterozoic orogenic sequence in SE Sinai, the Kid Group, have been analysed. The dykes and lavas of the southermost sequences, the Tarr Complex and Heib Formation, are calc-alkaline, whereas the lavas of the Malhak Formation and the Sharira Gabbro (to the north of the Heib Formation) show both calc-alkaline and tholeiitic trends. The trace element characteristics of the Tarr Complex and the Heib and Malhak Formations, despite between-sequence variations, are all comparable with ensialic island arc magmatism, whereas the Sharira Gabbro shows some MORB characteristics in addition to the island arc imprints. The Sharira Gabbro and the lavas of the Malhak Formation possibly formed in a developing back-arc basin behind a continental-marginal ensialic island arc (the Tarr Complex and Heib Formation). During the Pan-African orogeny, the constituent units of the Kid Group were mutually juxtaposed along major ductile shear zones of thrust-fault character. This plate-convergence regime involved initial magmatic arc development following northward subduction, and subsequent collision between the arc complex and the Proterozoic continental margin.
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Migration and development in Western Kenya, 1971–82: a retrospective analysis of primary school leavers - Gould, W. T. S. (Africa, 1985)
The relationship between socioeconomic development and migration in Kenya during the period 1971-1982 is explored using data from a retrospective survey of school leavers from a small area in Kakamega, Western Province, Kenya. The continuity of migration patterns over time is noted, with a predominance of circular migration and migration to the capital, Nairobi. The data indicate a steady decline in the prosperity of the region. (summary in FRE)
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Discussion on the geological evolution of the trachytic caldera volcano Menengai, Kenya Rift Valley - Jones, William B.; Leat, P. T. (Journal of the Geological Society, 1985)
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Training Programme for Rural Midwives in Mozambique - Murphy, Dermot F.; Ching, Chong; Araújo, T. A. R. de; Povey, George (Tropical Doctor, 1985)
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Attitudes and Opinions of Zimbabwen Students at the University of Zimbabwe Toward Home Economics - Mvududu, Margaret Jocyln (1985)
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The Training Component of the Maasai Health Services Project, Tanzania - Nangawe, Elihuruma; Sitayo, Emmanuel Ole; Rowberg, E; McGinn, Therese; Wie, William Van (The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 1985)
Tanzania, one of the many developing countries, has devised health policies incorporating innovative ideas and strategies toward improving primary health care. The Arusha Region has become a pilot area in investigating the potential of Community Health Workers as part of a community-based health education and service project. In designing a project strategy to respond to the different levels of training needs, several issues relevant to the structure and theory of training are included: CHW selection criteria, identification of trainers, training content, approach and methods, locale, schedule, and evaluation.
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South Africa: Gifted Education in South Africa - Neethling, Kobus (G/C/T, 1985)
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Hearing loss in experimental cytomegalovirus infection of the guinea pig inner ear: prevention by systemic immunity. - Nk, Woolf; Jp, Harris; Af, Ryan; Dm, Butler; Dd, Richman (PubMed, 1985)
Guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) has been used to establish a reproducible model of viral labyrinthitis and hearing loss. Cochlear function was assessed by electrophysiological recordings of cochlear microphonic (CM) and eighth nerve N1 compound action potential (AP) thresholds prior to and up to eight days following inoculation of the scala tympani. Inner ear inoculation of seronegative subjects with live GPCMV produced profound elevations in CM and AP thresholds: 70% of these subjects had their thresholds raised to the limits of the sound system throughout the tested frequency range of 0.10 to 32 kHz. Histopathologic effects associated with CM and AP threshold shifts were primarily limited to the perilabyrinthine compartment, and were greatest in the most basal cochlear turns. Systemic infection with GPCMV produced an immune response, but did not affect CM or AP thresholds. Subsequent inoculation of the inner ear of these seropositive animals with live GPCMV did not result in either CM or AP threshold shifts, or cochlear histopathology. Inoculations of inactivated virus into the inner ears of seronegative and seropositive animals produced only moderate CM and AP threshold effects. Primary GPCMV labyrinthitis thus results in significant cochlear dysfunction and histopathologic changes which are prevented by prior systemic infection with GPCMV.
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Cooperative education and training at the grassroots in Nigeria - Okbreke, O.; Mereni, J. I. (Public Administration and Development, 1985)
Abstract Faced with evidence of an appallingly low standard of living which the vast majority of men and women in Nigeria have despite two decades of development and cooperative movements, the Federal and State Governments now attempt to ensure that the real target of development are the human beings who will remain central to all redefinitions and to all revised strategies. This study proposes a theoretical framework for cooperative education and training programmes in the rural areas of Nigeria in order to raise the level of understanding and performance of cooperative members. The approach is primarily an amalgam of the general process model of organization systems and McGrath's problem ‐ based/problem ‐ solving systems. Application of the approach subsequently suggests a method of scientific inquiry which this paper conceives as the Cooperative Education Working Model. To be most effective, Nigerian cooperators must regard cooperative education and training as a vital benefit which their membership provides for them.
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An assessment by adult education personnel of the problems of adult education programmes in selected States of Nigeria, 1976‐1982∗ - Okeem, E. Odinakachuku (International Journal of Lifelong Education, 1985)
∗ The author is grateful to the University of Nigeria Senate Research Grant for supporting this research.
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An Analysis of the Function of the Arts in Primary Schools in Nigeria - Olorukooba, B. K. (Art Education, 1985)
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Respiratory impairment in coffee factory workers in the Asaro Valley of Papua New Guinea. - Smith, David Eugene; Brott, K; Koki, George (Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1985)
In a coffee growing area of Papua New Guinea, a developing country in the western Pacific region, coffee factory workers were found to have more chronic symptomatic respiratory impairment than a carefully matched group of neighbouring villagers. This impairment was not related to their duration of employment. Coffee factory workers were found also to have a greater prevalence of reversible but asymptomatic airways obstruction on entering their factories after two days off duty than a group of soft drink factory workers. These findings are thought to be related to exposure to the dust produced in large quantities during coffee processing.
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Hearing Loss in Experimental Cytomegalovirus Infection of the Guinea Pig Inner Ear: Prevention by Systemic Immunity - Woolf, Nigel K.; Harris, Jeffrey P.; Butler, David M.; Ryan, Allen F.; Richman, Douglas D. (Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 1985)
Guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) has been used to establish a reproducible model of viral labyrinthitis and hearing loss. Cochlear function was assessed by electrophysiological recordings of cochlear microphonic (CM) and eighth nerve N1 compound action potential (AP) thresholds prior to and up to eight days following inoculation of the scala tympani. Inner ear inoculation of seronegative subjects with live GPCMV produced profound elevations in CM and AP thresholds: 70% of these subjects had their thresholds raised to the limits of the sound system throughout the tested frequency range of 0.10 to 32 kHz. Histopathologic effects associated with CM and AP threshold shifts were primarily limited to the perilabyrinthine compartment, and were greatest in the most basal cochlear turns. Systemic infection with GPCMV produced an immune response, but did not affect CM or AP thresholds. Subsequent inoculation of the inner ear of these seropositive animals with live GPCMV did not result in either CM or AP threshold shifts, or cochlear histopathology. Inoculations of inactivated virus into the inner ears of seronegative and seropositive animals produced only moderate CM and AP threshold effects. Primary GPCMV labyrinthitis thus results in significant cochlear dysfunction and histopathologic changes which are prevented by prior systemic infection with GPCMV.
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Professional Competencies Needed By Teachers In Agricultural Colleges Of Northern States In Nigeria - Okatahi, Stephen S.; Welton, Richard F. (Journal of Agricultural Education, 1985)
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