A survey of school music in South Africa. - Ramsay, Mary Robinson. (1987)
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An experience in learning : design of a multi-disciplinary university at Timbuktu, Mali - Rao, Mala R. (1987)
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The Politics of Linguistic Apartheid: Language Policies in Black Education in South Africa - Reagan, Timothy (Journal of Negro Education, 1987)
There are few areas of educational policy making that are as controversial as that of the development and implementation of various educational language policies;1 this has been especially true in the case of South Africa.2 Language policies, specifically those in the educational sphere, have been the source of tension and disagreement in South Africa since the efforts of the British to impose the English language (as well as English cultural and political institutions) on the Boers in the nineteenth century. Today they constitute one of the many points of contention between the black majority and the white minority government in South Africa. In this article, the nature and socio-political implications of apartheid in general, and contemporary language policies in particular, for black education in South Africa will be discussed and analyzed. Policy alternatives for post-revolutionary (i.e., majority rule) South Africa will be presented.
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Language Policy and Black Education in South Africa. - Reagan, Timothy; Ntshoe, Issac (Journal of research and development in education, 1987)
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The Orange River Group: a Major Proterozoic Calcalkaline Volcanic Belt in the Western Namaqua Province, Southern Africa - Reid, David L.; Erlank, A. J.; Welke, H. J.; Moyes, A.B. (Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1987)
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[Malaria in Gabon. 2. Evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative prevalence of parasites in the total school and preschool population of the country]. - Richard-Lenoble, D; Kombila, M.; Chandenier, J.; Billiault, X; Nguiri, Christophe; Martz, Meghan E.; Boyer, Florence; Bauzou, M (PubMed, 1987)
The distribution of carriers of hematozoa in the pre-school and school age group in Gabon has been established with the help of systematic enquiry. The plasmodial indexes vary between 11 and 32% in the savanna zones of the south-east, they rise to 64.9% in the forest regions of the north of the country, and in the urban zones (Libreville, Franceville, Lambarene) 6 to 18% of the school children are gametocyte carriers. In Libreville, amongst the febrile children seen in pediatric consultation, the prevalence reached 30%. Boys and girls are equally affected. The most important prevalence is observed in the group of children from 5 to 10 years of age. P. falciparum is found in 96.4% of the cases, P. malariae in 5.3% and P. ovale in 2.4%. The study of the parasitic load revealed that 56% of the positive subjects had less than 10,000 asexual forms/mm3, 44% more than 10,000 hematozoa/mm3. These results are similar to those of the neighbouring countries of equatorial Africa.
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Nigerian and Mexican University Students' Politicization - Ríos, C (1987)
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Language Diversity, Education and Development: Case Studies of the Philippines, India and Nigeria. - Roberts, Linda P.; Kitao, S. Kathleen (1987)
EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Case Studies; Cost Effectiveness; Cultural Context; Cultural Differences; *Developing Nations; *Economic Development; *English; Language Attitudes; Language of Instruction; *Language Planning; *Language Role; Official Languages; Polieical Influences; *Public Policy; Second Language Instruction; Social Influences; Sociolinguistics IDENTiFIERS India; Nigeria; Philippines
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Implementing Change Through Lay Leadership Training in Papua New Guinea - Robertson, Douglas (1987)
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The Effect of the Financial Policies on the Programme Implementation of the Somali Institute of IniService Teacher Training - Robleh, Ismail Ahmed (1987)
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Education for Self-Reliance and the Inclusion of Manual Work in the Secondary School Curriculum: A Case Study of Six Tanzanian Schools - Rutayongororwa, Peter M. (1987)
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Microteaching with video and its implications for education programs in Zimbabwe - Rwambiwa, John Percy (1987)
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Some Effects of Formal Western Education on the Solidarity of the Traditional South African Indian Family - Schoombee, G.F. (Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 1987)
(1987). Some Effects of Formal Western Education on the Solidarity of the Traditional South African Indian Family. Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'etudes du developpement: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 375-385.
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Creative characteristics and internal/external control in Egyptian middle school children - Shafei, Ragab R. S. (1987)
This study was carried out in six preparatory schools in the city of El-Fayoum in Egypt. The sample of the study comprised 230 boys and girls who were in their second year of preparatory school (middle school), and 100 teachers. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between creativity and the locus of control. The research was also concerned with: (a) the relationship between creativity and intelligence; (b) the relationship between intelligence and the locus of control; (c) sex differences in both creativity and the locus of control; (d) the concept of the ideal pupil as held by the group of teachers. Creativity was measured by a creativity inventory and by the teachers' ratings of students' creative performance in Arabic and drawing. The following tests were given to the students: (1) the GIFFI I creativity inventory; (2) the Nowicki-Strickland locus of control scale; (3) the Pictorial Intelligence test. The teachers were requested to answer the following questionnaires: (1) the Ideal Pupil Check-list; (2) the creativity rating scale. The pilot study showed that these instruments were valid for use in this research. Five hypotheses were examined in the research. These were concerned with the relationships between creativity and internal locus of control, creativity and intelligence, and internal control and intelligence; and also with sex differences in creativity and locus of control, and Egyptian teachers' concept of the ideal pupil.The results confirmed the first and the fifth of these hypotheses. The other hypotheses were rejected by the data. These findings are in line with previous results relating to these areas of research. The findings of the present research are explained in the light of creative personality theory and in the light of socio-cultural factors which influence the development of creative behaviour. Finally, suggestions are made which may, it is hoped, help schools in Egypt to develop internal orientation and creativity in their pupils.
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Doctors or medical aids—the debate over the training of black medical personnel for the rural black population in South Africa in the 1920s and 1930s - Shapiro, Karin A. (Journal of Southern African Studies, 1987)
(1987). Doctors or medical aids—the debate over the training of black medical personnel for the rural black population in South Africa in the 1920s and 1930s. Journal of Southern African Studies: Vol. 13, The Political Economy of Health in Southern Africa, pp. 234-255.
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Clinical Training of OT Students in Kenya - Shimali, Isaiah (World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin, 1987)
"Clinical Training of OT Students in Kenya." World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin, 16(1), pp. 13–14
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Struggling Against the Odds: "Harambee" Secondary Schools in Kenya. - Shiman, David A.; Mwiria, Kilemi (Phi Delta Kappan, 1987)
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Education Priorities and Aid Responses in Sub-Saharan Africa - Shute, J. C. M.; Hawes, Hugh; Coombe, Trevor (Canadian Journal of African Studies, 1987)
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An evaluation of high school home science curriculum in Kenya - Sigot, Asenath (1987)
A thesis submitted in fulfilment for the degree of doctor of philosophy in Kenyatta University. 1987, TX 269.K4S5
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Education for Production in Primary Schools in Zimbabwe - Siyakwazi, Ben John (Rural Africana, 1987)
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Education and colonial control in Papua New Guinea : a documentary history - Smith, Peter (1987)
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The Role of the Press in the Reform of Higher Education in Tunisia (August 1975‐March 1976) - Soulez, Philippe (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 1987)
(1987). The Role of the Press in the Reform of Higher Education in Tunisia (August 1975‐March 1976) Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education: Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 61-77.
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Risk, environmental variability and drought-induced impoverishment: the pastoral economy of central Niger - Starr, Martha A. (Africa, 1987)
Opening Paragraph Since the early 1970s the heavy impact of recurrent drought has given rise to the sense that Sahelian pastoralism is in decline. This is usually attributed to increasing aridity, environmental degradation and the destructive effects of colonial policies on traditional mechanisms to spread risk and promote recovery from drought. These factors clearly contribute to the pastoral sector's apparently increasing difficulties in contending with environmental hardship and variability. However, analysts' strong emphasis on forces exogenous to the sector has created a seriously distorted view of a system in uniform decline. In fact, when changes within the pastoral sector are examined, it becomes clear that the movement of people away from full-time transhumant livestock raising since the 1970s reflects not the decline of pastoralism per se but rather the slipping-out by a stratum of producers for whom the risks associated with this activity were simply too great relative to possible returns. Understanding that drought-induced impoverishment has its roots in differential ability to bear risks linked to environmental variability is especially important in formulating sound policies to ensure present and former pastoralists' continued access to income-generating activities, whether in full-time livestock raising or in other areas.
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Educational psychology for the teacher in Africa - Stephens, David (International Journal of Educational Development, 1987)
This paper discusses the difficulties involved in managing knowledge-intensive, multinational, multiorganisational, and multifunctional project networks. The study is based on a 2-year quasi-ethnography of one such network engaged in the design and development of a complex new process control system for an existing pharmaceutical plant in Ireland. The case describes how, drawing upon the organisational heritage of the corporations involved and the logic implicit within their global partnership arrangements, the project was initially structured in an aspatial manner that underestimated the complexity of the development process and the social relations required to support it. Following dissatisfaction with initial progress, a number of critical management interventions were made, which appeared to contribute to a recasting of the network ontology that facilitated the cultivation and protection of more appropriate communicative spaces. The case emphasises the need to move away from rationalistic assumptions about communication processes within projects of this nature, towards a richer conceptualisation of such enterprises as involving collective sensemaking activities within and between situated ‘communities’ of actors. Contrary to much contemporary writing, the paper argues that space and location are of crucial importance to our understanding of network forms of organising.
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Response of nursing education to primary health care: the training and practice of post basic community health nurses in Botswana. - Sv, Anderson (PubMed, 1987)
Manpower resources in Botswana are one of the most important constraints on the development of its health services. In the 1970s nurses were sent to India, Ghana and Kenya for specialized training in public health.
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Proposals for the updating of the Algerian marine engineering education and training system - Tahri, Lies (1987)
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Oral histories of three secondary school students in Tanzania - Talis, Sara Joan (1987)
Records the life histories of three of the author's African students during her tenure as director of an education program in Africa. The collection allows Tanzanian youth to speak for themselves and provides glimpses into their home and school life.
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The development of higher education in Ethiopia - Taye, Girum (Journal of African Studies, 1987)
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Reagan, Timothy The "Language Struggle" in South Africa: Emergence and Development in Educational Policy. 1987-1968 World Education Monograph Series, Number One. - Thut, N. (1987)
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Industrial Issues in the Science Curriculum: Training Teachers in Zimbabwe - Towse, Peter; Steward, J.W. (1987)
This chapter discusses a course in science curriculum in Zimbabwe that trains teachers about industrial issues. The chemistry syllabus in the preservice teacher training course leading to the B.Ed, degree at the University of Zimbabwe now includes a course on industrial chemistry equivalent to 20*–25 hours. This course is first of its kind in Africa, starts by examining in detail the broad issues involved in exploiting the natural wealth of Africa in general and Zimbabwe in particular. These issues are social, economic and political as well as chemical and technological. Consequently, discussions embrace topics such as economic growth and development, capital investment, cost effectiveness, the role of multinationals, political decision making, regional co-operation, manpower planning, energy requirements and transport just as much as they do the basic chemistry of the industrial processes. The continent's main chemical industries are examined in detail. They are discussed on a country-by-country basis and fitted into a broad pattern of economic activity. Finally, issues such as the conservation of resources, energy consumption and pollution are analyzed in national, regional, continental and universal terms.
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Who influences the Nigerian Secondary School Student's sick behaviour in times of illness? - Udoh, C. O.; Okure, Maria J. (Journal of the institute of health education, 1987)
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School science in West Africa: An assessment of the pedagogic impact of Third World investment - Urevbu, Andrew O. (International Journal of Science Education, 1987)
Abstract As a result of the economic recession, most African countries have adopted a policy to design and produce their own science textbooks. Questions of what view of school science is presented in West Africa and how school science is presented and implemented in the junior and senior secondary school levels are raised. In most African countries, science dominates the school curriculum as a ‘true’ subject comprising certain facts and reliable information. The textbooks in use at the secondary levels are examined and a considerable reorganization of science education in African countries is suggested. First, science should start from the practices of teachers and students in classrooms rather than an idealized notion of the scientific method; science should be taught as a major human activity which explores the realm of human experience. Second, school science textbooks should focus attention on the lives of the learners and should help create pupil's awareness of the extent to which concepts, principles and generalizations are related to everyday life. Third, traditional African cultures should be properly explored and interpreted so that they can be of value to the African society.
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Improving the Qualifications of Primary School Teachers in Nigeria: official goals and practical possibilities - Urwick, James (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 1987)
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ENGINEERING PROFESSION IN SOUTH AFRICA: ORGANISATION AND EDUCATION. - Viljoen, H (1987)
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A Comparison Study of Elementary Teachers in the Omani School System (Egypt; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Sudan; Tunisia). - Vuich, Sharon Harriet (Deep Blue (University of Michigan), 1987)
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A Comparison Study of Elementary Teachers in the Omani School System (Egypt; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Sudan; Tunisia). - Vuich, Sharon Harriet (1987)
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Assessment and the ‘vocational school fallacy’ in Papua New Guinea - Vulliamy, Graham (International Journal of Educational Development, 1987)
A Papua New Guinean innovation attempts to broaden the basis of secondary schooling to include practical community-oriented work, whilst avoiding the dangers identified in Foster's ‘vocational school fallacy’ thesis. The evidence suggests that tensions between the vocational/community dimensions of the project and the academic were increasingly resolved in favour of the latter. This arose from the difficulties of implementing new assessment techniques, together with pressures to maintain academic standards, and from teachers' conceptions of ‘legitimate’ schooling. However, in Papua New Guinea, aspects of the culture of schooling and of the culture of village communities provide more support for such innovations than in many other
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School Effectiveness Research in Papua New Guinea - Vulliamy, Graham (Comparative Education, 1987)
(1987). School Effectiveness Research in Papua New Guinea. Comparative Education: Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 209-223.
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Book reviews : Lifetimes: under apartheid By NADINE GORDIMER and DAVID GOLDBLATT (London, Jonathan Cape, 1986). 115pp. £15.00 The Child is Not Dead: youth resistance in South Africa 1976-86 Compiled by ANN HARRIES, ROGER DISKI and ALASDAIR BROWN (London, British Defence and Aid Fund/ILEA, 1986). 64pp. A History of South Africa By MARGARET HOLMES and NIGEL WEST with others (Leeds, Development Education Centre, 1986). Four pamphlets, plus teachers' notes. Apartheid: a graphic guide By DONALD … - Waters, Hazel (Race & Class, 1987)
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Teaching primary health care: some lessons from Zimbabwe - Waterston, Tony; Sanders, David (Medical Education, 1987)
Summary. A new teaching programme for fourth-year medical students in child health in Harare, Zimbabwe is outlined. A 2-week attachment to a rural district-level hospital is intended to orient the students to primary health care and to the practice of clinical medicine in a low resource environment. The attachment has become popular with students and it is hoped that it will improve attitudes of teaching staff in the medical school towards primary health care.
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Education priorities and aid responses in sub-Saharan Africa - Watson, Keith (International Journal of Educational Development, 1987)
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Common uses of resources in higher education in Africa - Williams, G. Alele (1987)
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Education and Social Change in Egypt and Turkey - Williamson, Bill (1987)
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Education in Egypt Constraints and Opportunities - Williamson, Bill (1987)
Egypt is a poor society seeking ways to develop to give a better standard of life to its growing population. Since the 1952 revolution it has become something of an axiom that the country must develop its human resources to the full if development itself is to be a possibility. For this reason education is seen as playing a vital role in the future development of the society as well as being a basic human right. Its role is conceived of both in terms of the training of human resources and of fostering national integration (NCFER, 1980. Hyde, 1978). It remains true, however, as Egyptian authorities will readily admit, that the system of education in Egypt displays many weaknesses and must change to fulfil the aims required of it by the constitution and to meet the needs of the society and the economy with greater effectiveness.
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Higher Education,Science and Technology and Dependency in Egypt - Williamson, Bill (1987)
The state of scientific and technological research and of their development in Egypt must be seen against the pattern of the country’s modernisation and of its system of higher education and training. In an earlier chapter the modernisation plans of Muhammad Ali were discussed. Egypt’s reorientation away from Ottoman politics towards those of Europe stems from this period.
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Approaches to Learning among Third World Tertiary Science Students: Papua New Guinea - Wilson, Andrew (Research in Science & Technological Education, 1987)
Abstract Papua New Guinea has a serious shortfall in national scientific manpower in part due to low numbers in tertiary science courses and high attrition rates in these courses. The possibility that a contributory factor to these failures may be ineffective study was investigated by administering the Study Process Questionnaire to students in the first year undergraduate science course at the University of Papua New Guinea. Scores for both study motives and strategies were higher than Australian norms but academic achievement did not correlate with these study approach scores. A possible explanation of these findings is that other factors specific to the Third World situation or to non‐first language English speakers are operating.
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Cooperatives as a Vehicle of Adult Education in Africa: The Niger Case - Wilson, Wendy (The Journal of Negro education, 1987)
From 1981 to 1983, the writer was resident in the Republic of Niger, and worked with the Niamey Department of Development Project. This regional project was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and operated under the auspices of the Niger Ministry of Rural Development. The goal of this large, integrated, rural development project was to educate rural villagers in numerous areas through a network of rural training centers. Although the transfer of agricultural skills was the major objective, the centers were also expected to teach basic health skills, functional literacy, basic arithmetic, fundamental concepts of modern sanitation, and basic Western notions of credit in kind and cash. This model was used throughout Niger. It relied on local selection of participants. The participants were expected to attend the centers for an average of nine months. Selection was carried out by village cooperatives. The training of the village representative, ideally, was to result in the transfer of skills from the representative to interested neighbors back in the village. Final outcomes were extremely varied; and, as we shall see, this variation was due to a number of factors related to cooperative structure and function in Niger during the period covered in this article (1980-85). During the colonial period, cooperatives in Africa were established to facilitate peasant marketing of agricultural goods to the government. Since political independence, these groups have been called upon to perform a variety of organizational and communication tasks for the state. Particularly, they have been viewed as a crucial link between traditional social structures and the modern government apparatus. From Tanzania to Senegal, cooperatives have taken various forms,
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Koranic education and militant Islam in Nigeria - Winters, Clyde (International Review of Education, 1987)
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Improvement and renewal of higher education in Africa: the Sierra Leone situation - Wright, E.H. (1987)
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Technical Training and Work Experience in Kenya - Yambo, Mauri Onyalo (1987)
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Training of African Managers — Some Lessons from Evaluation - Youker, Robert T. (International Journal of Manpower, 1987)
A large amount of resources are spent each year on management training for Sub‐Saharan Africa. For example, in fiscal years 1984 and 1985, the World Bank alone committed an average of US$25 million per year for management training. The overall figure, combining all countries and donors, would be much higher. Worldwide, the Bank committed US$240 million for all types of training in 1985. These funds are used for fellowships, hardware, local training, study tours and expatriate experts. Training in the developing world is big business and the effectiveness of that training in improving organisational performance is important. The efficiency and effectiveness of management training is important for reasons beyond simple return on these large investments.
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[Sea pollution by hydrocarbons; Possiblilities of control and prevention in Tunisia] - Younes, Nadin (1987)
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Factors Related to the Decisions of Secondary School Teachers in Somalia to Continue in or Leave the Teaching Profession - Younis, Abdi Ibrahim (1987)
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Legal education at South African Universities – a personal view - Zimmermann, Reinhard (1987)
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Assessment procedures in Zimbabwes secondary schools. - Zindi, Fred (1987)
After consideration of a variety of psychometric theories by psychologists in developed countries, assessment techniques being employed in Zimbabwe's secondary schools were investigated. The views of teachers and heads of departments on present assessment practice were appealed to as possible bases for the development of an alternative. Assessment system more appl1cable to Zimbabwe. The sample, drawn from five. Education·provinces·of Zimbabwe - Mashonaland, Manicaland, Matabeleland, Midlands and Masvingo - consisted of 100 school heads and heads of departments and 334 teachers from Group A, Group B and rural secondary schools. (Group A schools are the former Europeans only-schools situated in the former Europeans-only suburbs, while Group B schools are Africans-only schools situated in urban high-density areas) The research was organised in three phases: (1) interviews and questionnaires to heads and teachers in 48 secondary schools selected through the use of stratified random sampling methods in order to determine existing assessment practice in schools; (11) a training and evaluation programme for teachers and heads in schools identified as showing poor practice; and (111) another survey in both 'good practice' and 'bad practice' schools to establish present think1ng and attitudes towards psychometric testing with a view to disseminating useful information to other schools. Analysts of the first set of questionnaires revealed that: (i) there was no significant difference in assessment practice between Group A and Group·B schools; (ii) a significant difference·existed between Urban (Group A and Group B) schools and Rural schools; (iii) both Urban and Rural schools had a large proportion of teachers who lacked knowledge of test-scoring techniques and the use of statistics; and (iv) the majority of teachers in Zimbabwe's secondary schools were in favour of improved methods of assessment based on psychometric procedures and more relevant to the needs of Zimbabwe. Analysis of the training programme which was implemented among 100 school heads and heads of departments and teachers from those schools identified as requiring more information on psychometric techniques revealed that most teachers benefited from such an exercise and that they felt that it ought to be implemented in all secondary schools in Zimbabwe. The final survey revealed that teachers on the whole were in favour of psychometr1c testing. However the survey also revealed that a small number of teachers preferred other techniques wh1ch were not necessarily psychometric. The thesis cons1sts of eight chapters. Chapter 1 gives the introduction and the research problem. Chapter 2 is concerned with the background to Zimbabwe's education system, while Chapter 3 looks at examination systems in other countries. In Chapter 4 the theoretical basis for the present study and literature review are given. Chapters 5, 6 and 7 deal with the present study and the results. The final chapter concentrates on the issues, findings, implications and conclusions of this research.
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Contrastive discourse analysis of argumentative and informative newspaper prose in Arabic, French, and English: suggestions for teaching/learning English as a foreign language for journalistic purposes(EJP) in Morocco - Zizi, Khadija (1987)
Contrastive discourse analysis of argumentative and informative newspaper prose in Arabic, French, and English : Suggestions for teaching / learning English as a foreign language for journalistic purpose (EJP) in Morocco، للحصول على النص الكامل يرجى زيارة مكتبة الحسين بن طلال في جامعة اليرموك او زيارة موقعها الالكتروني
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Les formations leptyno-amphibolitiques et le complexe volcanique et volcano-sédimentaire du proterozoïque inférieur de Bouroum-Nord (Burkina Faso, Afrique de l'Ouest) : Étude pétrographique, géochimique, approche pétrogénétique et évolution géodynamique - Zonou, Siaka (1987)
On distingue deux mega ensembles : les formations dabakaliennes et birrimiennes. Les formations dabakaliennes sont caracterisees par une energique deformation penetrative, synchrone d'un metamorphisme largement instaure dans le facies amphibolite mais devenant retrograde sous le joug de l'orogenese eburneenne. Les formations birrimiennes, dont l'etude, beaucoup plus complete, d'ordre stratigraphique, petrographique, mineralogique, et geochimique, permet la propositin d'un schema d'evolution, geodynamique du birrimien
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13. African Education: Problems in a High- Growth Sector - Court, David; Kinyanjui, Kabiru (1986)
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Retention of basic skills among dropouts from Egyptian primary schools - Hartley, Michael J. Swanson (1986)
Over the past fifty years, studies in developing coxntries have attempted to document the loss of literacy and numeracy skills suffered by dropouts from primary schools. These studies all have employed a crosssectional sample design and have affirmed that dropouts suffer a rapid and substantial loss of basic skills during the first few years from school. A related hypothesis suggests the existence of a permanency for basic skills within the range of primary grades. Once the threshold level is achieved, a dropout may be expected to retain levels of literacy and/or numeracy, regardless of the number of years displaced from school. Such a threshold is often employed to justify the length of the compulsory schooling period. This paper reconsiders the conventional wisdom regarding the of basic skills through a case study of inschoolers and dropouts from primary schools in the Arab Republic of Egypt (ARE). A two-year longitudinal sample design is adopted in order to obtain appropriate and reliable base-line reference points for the set of grade-specific retention curves of dropouts, and to define points on the learning curve of continuing students. The results contradict many of the received hypotheses within the literature on retention. We find that when continuing students are distinguished from would be dropouts, there is no evidence of a significant loss of skilL during the first year from school. After the first year from school, the skiLl levels of dropouts change slowly or not at all. The contrary results of previous studies are most likely the artifacts of poor sample design and inappropriate statistical methods. However, the skill levels of dropouts, including those still in but about to drop out, are at least two grade levels below those of continuing students. Even sixth grade dropouts do not appear, on average, to attain functional literacy or numeracy. We also find significant differences in skill levels between urban and rural locations and even larger differences between individual schools. These results demonstrate that mere attendance through the fourth grade is not sufficient to ensure literacy. Nor can compulsory schooling through higher grade levels be expected to have much effect on literacy levels unless it is accompanied by an increased emphasis on basic skills and on remedial or special education in the lower grades. The existence of significant school effects suggests there are large differences in quality which may serve as a guide to educators and planners in the ARE.
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The monetary and non-monetary returns to education in Africa - Hinchliffe, James Keith (1986)
This paper surveys the literature on the returns to education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Income and/or output differentials in the urban formal and informal sectors and in agriculture are first described and the implications for rate of return patterns discussed. This is followed by a discussion of aspects of education-migration relationships. Next, survey results of the effects of education on fertility, infant mortality and nutrition are presented and competing sets of implications highlighted. Finally, at a very general level, the effects of education on a variety of other non-monetary variables are considered.
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7 Climate, Drought, and Famine in Africa - Nicholson, Sharon E. (1986)
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Distance education : an economic and educational assessment of its potential for Africa - Perraton, Hilary (1986)
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Affirmative Action in South African Medical Schools - McGregor, MA Alyson J. (The New England journal of medicine (Print), 1986)
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Cultural, Socio-Economic and Political Influences on Special Education in Nigeria. - Obiakor, Festus E. (1986)
Special education is a new phenomenon in the Nigerian education system; and the federal, state and local governments have made efforts to educate the handicapped Lnd the gifted in the society. However, there are short and long term changes that are pragmatically needed to bring the efforts into reality. This paper focuses briefly on the present state of education in Nigeria, and vividly describes the cultural, socio-economi_ and political influences on special education. Appropriate recommendations are made to enhance the impact of Section 8 of the National Policy on Education.
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Candidiasis in Nigerian Students (The journal of the Royal Society of Health, 1986)
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Teaching of leprosy. Proceedings of a symposium. 20th annual general meeting of the All Africa Leprosy and Rehabilitation Training Centre (ALERT). Addis Ababa, March 1986. (PubMed, 1986)
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Science teachers' concepts in Nigeria and Australia - Ameh, Catherine; Gunstone, Richard (Research in Science Education, 1986)
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The beginning of ALERT (All Africa Leprosy and Rehabilitation Training Centre). - Brand, Paul W. (PubMed, 1986)
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[Bacterial pollution of the littoral waters of the north of Tunisia (Tabarka and Bizerte regions) and of Lake Bizerte]. - Chadli, A.; Capapé, C; Zaouali, J.; Jekov, S (PubMed, 1986)
The inshore areas of Tabarka and Bizerte are not submitted to the bacterian pollution. The "Old Port" of Bizerte is mainly contaminated all the year round and sometimes polluted the neighbouring urban beach. The lagoon of Bizerte presents any bacterian pollution and could be adapted to the conchyliculture and to the stabulation of Bivalves, with before some important precautions.
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The African conception of play and its potentialities for education - Comoe-Krou, Barthélemy (Prospects (Paris), 1986)
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Candidiasis In Nigerian Students - Elegre, Isaac A.; Juba, A. (The journal of the Royal Society of Health, 1986)
WABBED SPECIMENS from the following ana tomical sites - skin, nasal, oral, rectal and vaginal were examined for their concentration of Candida albicans and the relationship of each count to the anatomical sites, microscopy results, Polymorphonuclear leukocytes concentrations and candidiasis. A total of 1,000 specimens were analysed by wet mount, microscopy, and culture from undergraduate female students whose ages ranged between 18 and 30 years. It was observed that 45.5% of the total specimens was positive for Candida albicans using the cultural technique. There was a statistical significant difference P <0.05 in the isolation rate of the three identification techniques and the recovery of Candida albicans from the various anatomical sites. Vaginal specimens recorded the largest number of positive cultures with 136(30.0%) of the total 454 positive cultures. 128(94.1%) of the total positive vaginal specimens had counts in excess of 10 3 CFU/ml. A significant correllation (P<0.001) was noted among the concentration of yeast cells from the various anatomical sites. Furthermore, the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the concentration of yeast cells from the various body sites was statistically significant (P<0.001).
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The American school of education and the Third World in the twentieth century: Teachers College and Africa, 1920‐1950 - Goodenow, Ronald K.; Cowen, Robert (History of Education, 1986)
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Industrial Training and Labor Market Segmentation in Zambia: A Historical Analysis - Hoppers, Wim (African Studies Review, 1986)
It is an article of faith in many African countries that education is not only a principle motor for development, but also an important instrument in assuring a more equitable distribution of wealth. In the eyes of policy-makers and the public at large, education and training permit a new generation to develop its talents and acquire the characteristics with which to find a well-deserved niche in the employment structure and thus contribute to the country's development. A central focus is on technical and vocational skills which are considered crucial in making people employable or otherwise enabling them to create their own work. Differences in jobs, along with differences in material and social rewards, are attributed to variations in skill levels. Ultimately these differences are associated with variation in ability and effort. A more critical analysis of actual linkages between education, the labor market, and the employment structure reveals that often skill characteristics are rewarded differently, less because of variations in quality than because of structural conditions in the labor market. On the one hand important differences exist between enterprises which, depending on their mode of production, have a preference for specific worker characteristics and associate these with particular training arrangements. Different occupational or work-positions thus arise which carry diverging rewards and career prospects, even though the actual work done is similar. On the other hand there is ample evidence that factors like race, gender, and class strongly influence access to jobs, so that different social groups find their effective choices in the labor market severely restricted.
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The role of crustal contamination in the potassic suite of the Karisimbi Volcano (Virunga, African Rift Valley) - Mulder, M. M. De; Hertogen, Jan; Deutsch, Sarah; André, Luc (Chemical Geology, 1986)
Late Pleistocene to Recent potassic, silica-undersaturated volcanics from the Karisimbi volcano (Virunga region, Western African Rift Valley, Rwanda and Zaire), have been analyzed for major and trace elements and Sr and Nd isotopic composition. The most primitive mafic lavas show considerable isotopic heterogeneity. Two different parental magmas can be recognized: a first one represented by ankaramitic and picritic K-basanites, a second one represented by K-basanites from which the Karisimbi ‘main suite’, comprising a complete K-basanite to K-trachyte differentiation series is derived. The isotopic variability of the primitive magmas suggests that the mantle beneath Karisimbi was heterogeneous on a rather small scale. Evolution of the main Karisimbi suite was dominated by concurrent low-pressure fractionation and assimilation. Crustal contamination resulted in an increase in 87Sr86Sr (0.70539-0.70799) and a decrease in 143Nd144Nd (0.51270-0.51234) with increasing fractionation. Potential lower-crustal contaminants include charnockitic and granulitic rocks outcropping in Uganda (West Nile, Bunyoro) and Zaire (Kasai). Major-element mass-balance calculations and calculated assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) paths in the ϵSr-ϵNd diagram show that most of the data of the main suite are in good agreement with interaction of a basanitic liquid with the proposed crustal component.
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Schistosomiasis: its effects on the physical performance of school children in Zimbabwe. - Ndamba, J. (PubMed, 1986)
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School Administrators' and Teachers' Perceptions of the Teacher Evaluation System in the State of Anambra, Nigeria - Ntube, Emmaneul E. (1986)
The problem with which this study is concerned is the teacher evaluation system in the state of Anambra, Nigeria. The purposes of this study are (a) to provide objective information concerning the perceptions of school administrators and teachers toward the teacher evaluation system in the State of Anambra, Nigeria, (b) to determine whether agreements or differences exist between teachers' and administrators' perceptions of the teacher evaluation system, and (c) to draw conclusions and make recommendations for improvements based on the perceptions of the teachers and administrators. To accomplish these purposes, questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of 652 administrators and teachers who are currently employed in 37 randomly selected primary and secondary schools in the State of Anambra, Nigeria. Four hundred and sixty school administrators and teachers, representing 70.6 percent of the sample, returned completed usable questionnaires. Part I of the questionnaire was designed to gather relevant demographic data to determine the perceptions of the school administrators and teachers. Part II of the questionnaire contains the components of the evaluation system which were used to measure the perceptions of school administrators and teachers. Analysis of variance was used to test the data according to the independent variables. Three statistically significant differences were found among the data. (a) The primary and secondary school administrators differed significantly in their perceptions of the teacher evaluation system in the State of Anambra. This difference is ascribed to their positions which are based on their educational levels. (b) The demographic variable sex has significant effect on the perceptions of primary and secondary school teachers and administrators towards the teacher evaluation system in the State of Anambra, Nigeria. (c) The demographic variable years of professional experience appears to have a significant impact on the perceptions of the primary and secondary school teachers and administrators toward the teacher evaluation system in use in the State of Anambra, Nigeria.
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THE 1981–1983 DROUGHT IN GHANA - Ofori‐Sarpong, E. (Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 1986)
Singapore Journal of Tropical GeographyVolume 7, Issue 2 p. 108-127 THE 1981–1983 DROUGHT IN GHANA E. Ofori-Sarpong B.A., M.A., Ph.D., M. Phil., E. Ofori-Sarpong B.A., M.A., Ph.D., M. Phil. University of SokotoSearch for more papers by this author E. Ofori-Sarpong B.A., M.A., Ph.D., M. Phil., E. Ofori-Sarpong B.A., M.A., Ph.D., M. Phil. University of SokotoSearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9493.1986.tb00176.xCitations: 19AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume7, Issue2December 1986Pages 108-127 RelatedInformation
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The Effects of Maternal Age, Education, and Parity on Birthweight in a Nigerian Community: The Comparison of Results from Bivariate and Multivariate Analyses - Oni, Gbolahan A. (Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 1986)
Journal Article The Effects of Maternal Age, Education, and Parity on Birthweight in a Nigerian Community: The Comparison of Results from Bivariate and Multivariate Analyses Get access G. A. Oni, MSc, PhD G. A. Oni, MSc, PhD Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of IlorinNigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Volume 32, Issue 6, December 1986, Pages 295–300, https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/32.6.295 Published: 01 December 1986
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Menstruation Problems in Nigerian Students and Sex Education - Osujih, Michael (The journal of the Royal Society of Health, 1986)
THE ONSET of menarche and subsequent menstruation problems in 420 secondary school girls in the Rivers State, Nigeria, selected on urban/rural equal representation criterion were studied. Results show that the age at which menarche occurs among the girls cluster at the range of 11 to 14 years. Girls in the urban schools attain menarche earlier than those in the rural areas. The emotional and mental preparation of the girls both in the home and school were found to be very inadequate. Six major menstrual disorders; premenstrual syndrome, prolonged flow, painful menstruation, scanty flow, ir regular cycle and vaginal itching were encountered. Personal hygiene including choice of sanitary materials for care of menstruation was equally poor. It is concluded that sex education of the girls on the growth and developmental changes about to take place in their own bodies at puberty and adolescence should be an integral aspect of school curricula, at all levels of the educational system. It is also suggested that the media - radio, television and the press should be mobilised for mass enlightenment on the management of menstruation.
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Education/Higher Education as a Commodity in Papua New Guinea - Some Conflicting Cross Cultural Perspectives. - Palmer, W. P. (1986)
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Further observations on the use of gross haematuria as an indirect screening technique for the detection of Schistosoma haematobium infection in school children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. - Rk, Sarda; Jn, Minjas; Lf, Mahikwano (PubMed, 1986)
The reliability of using visible haematuria as an indirect screening technique to detect Schistosoma haematobium was investigated in 418 school children from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The sensitivity of the test varied significantly with the time of urine collection and the portion of the micturition stream examined. Whereas sensitivity was 50% and accuracy 73% in the morning, in the afternoon sensitivity and accuracy had increased to 75% and 97% respectively if terminal urine samples were examined. It is concluded that visible haematuria is a sensitive, highly accurate and reliable indirect screening test for urinary schistosomiasis provided that the method of collection and examination of the urine samples is standardized.
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The extent of drug use among Egyptian male university students - Soueif, M.I.; Darweesh, Z.A.; Hannourah, M.A.; El-Sayfd, A.M.; Yunis, Feisal A.; Taha, Haitham (Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 1986)
The main aim of the present study was to provide factual information regarding the extent of non-medical use of substances among university students. A subsidiary purpose was to shed light on the aetiology of such use. A standardized questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of male students at Cairo and Ein-Shams Universities (N = 2711) both situated in Greater Cairo. Demographic and drug use related data are discussed. Among the interesting results are the following: ages of onset for using any drug are delayed, compared with corresponding ages among secondary school pupils; the percentage of young men who tried stimulants was much bigger than the respective percentage among secondary school boys; the proportions who reported continuing with drug abuse until time of interviewing ranged between about 10% and 31% of those who 'ever tried' drugs; highly significant association between exposure to elements of a 'drug culture' and drug abuse is underlined; meaningful association between drug use and beliefs about effects of such use is established.
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How Knowledgeable Are South African Archaeology Students? - Thackeray, Anne; Thackeray, J. Francis (South African Archaeological Bulletin, 1986)
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Age and sex differences in motor performance of pre‐school Nigerian children - Toriola, A.L.; Igbokwe, Nicholas U. (Journal of Sports Sciences, 1986)
Abstract Differences in motor performance according to chronological age and gender of 341 young Nigerian children (ages 3 to 5) were examined. Motor test items designed by Morris et al. (1981) were administered to the subjects. Analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences in the motor performance of the groups. In the whole sample, more age differences than sex differences in performance were noted. Except for the balancing and running performances of the girls, a fairly linear trend of improvement with age was observed in the motor performances of the groups. At each age level the boys consistently performed better than the girls in four of the six motor tests (catching, standing long jump, tennis ball throw and speed run). Generally, the 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children performed homogeneously, with a great disparity in performance noted for the 3‐year‐old children. The results of this study confirm that age and sex differences in motor performance occur at early childhood. Prospective studies should seek to control the extraneous factors which influence motor development and account for the observed differences in motor performance of pre‐school children. Keywords: Motor testmotor performanceage and sex differencespre‐school children
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Prospects for ALERT in the African context (All Africa Leprosy and Rehabilitation Training Centre). - Tsehai, Gizaw (PubMed, 1986)
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Sex differences in science education in a developing country: Kenya - Twoli, Nicholas W. (Research in Science Education, 1986)
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Malignant diseases of childhood seen at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, Nigeria. - Agugua, N. E. N.; Okeahialam, T. C. (PubMed, 1986)
Etude de 582 enfants sur une periode de 5 ans. Le lymphome de Burkitt predomine (37%) suivi par le nephroblastome (19,6%). La leucemie (5,4%). Le pronostic est generalement mauvais
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Education and Society: A Sociology of African Education. Ansu Datta - Berman, Edward H. (Comparative education review, 1986)
Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsEducation and Society: A Sociology of African Education. Ansu Datta Edward H. BermanEdward H. Berman Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 30, Number 4Nov., 1986 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446641 Views: 15Total views on this site Copyright 1986 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.
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The right to learn : the struggle for education in South Africa - Christie, Pam (1986)
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Free Education in Nigeria: Socioeconomic Implications and Emerging Issues - Chuta, Enyinna (Comparative Education Review, 1986)
Previous articleNext article No AccessFocus on the Third WorldFree Education in Nigeria: Socioeconomic Implications and Emerging IssuesE. J. ChutaE. J. Chuta Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 30, Number 4Nov., 1986 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446634 Views: 14Total views on this site Citations: 5Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1986 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:R. Uwaifo Oyelere Have Returns to Education Changed in Nigeria? Uncovering the Role of Democratic Reforms, Journal of African Economies 20, no.55 (May 2011): 737–780.https://doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejr016Ruth Uwaifo Oyelere Africa's education enigma? The Nigerian story, Journal of Development Economics 91, no.11 (Jan 2010): 128–139.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.04.001James Urwick The Public Costs of Primary Schools: case studies from Nigeria∗, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education 23, no.11 (Jul 2006): 71–84.https://doi.org/10.1080/0305792930230109Rees Hughes, Kilemi Mwiria An essay on the implications of university expansion in Kenya, Higher Education 19, no.22 (Jan 1990): 215–237.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00137108Keith Hinchliffe Federation and educational finance: Primary schooling in Nigeria, International Journal of Educational Development 9, no.33 (Jan 1989): 233–242.https://doi.org/10.1016/0738-0593(89)90054-0
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Reflections on drought: Ethiopia 1983-1984 - Henricksen, B. L. (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 1986)
Abstract A comparison is made of four AVHRR images of Ethiopia for August and September 1983and 1984, with reference to the drought conditions experienced during these 2 years
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Growing period and drought early warning in Africa using satellite data - Henricksen, B. L.; Durkin, J.W. (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 1986)
Abstract Vegetation growing periods for 1983-84 were determined for 28 sites in Ethiopia using data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the NOAA series of meteorological satellites. Results offer promise for drought early warning from space. A strong correlation (r=0·99) was found between rates of change of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from the AVHRR data and threshold values of a soil moisture index at the beginning and ends of growing periods. The moisture index (P + S)/ETp relates precipitation P, stored soil moisture S and potential evapotranspiration ETp in a simple moisture balance (LPG) model that requires inputs of standard monthly meteorological data. A moisture threshold of (P + S)/ETp = 0·5 was used to identify the beginning and end of the growing periods and to calibrate the time series of NDVI responses. Trends also detected in values of the NDVI during vegetation growth cycles suggest useful minima exist at the beginning and end of growing periods. Below respective minima of 0·10 and 0·22, growing periods are unlikely to have been initiated or to continue during a declining growth stage. Correlation analysis indicated a relation between moisture index and NDVI, with NDVI lagging in time, in most cases, by 5 or less weeks during the initial growth stage and 6 or more weeks during declining growth
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Prosthodontic education in South Africa–the next step: maxillofacial prosthetics in prosthodontic training. - Jf, Wolfaardt (PubMed, 1986)
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Teaching about Africa. ERIC Digest No. 36. - Merryfield, Merry M. (1986)
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Agricultural Revolution in Africa?: Impediments to Change and Implications for Farming, for Education and for Society - Lowe, R. G. (1986)
Agricultural revolution in Africa?: impediments to change and implications for farming, for education and for society , Agricultural revolution in Africa?: impediments to change and implications for farming, for educatio... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
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Prospects for Effective Sex Education in Nigerian Secondary Schools - Adamolekun, O.; Boyinbode, I. R. (Journal of Moral Education, 1986)
Abstract Two questionnaires, designated as Teachers’ Questionnaire on Sex Education (TQSE) and Student Teachers’ Questionnaire on Sex Education (SQSE) were administered to teachers and student teachers respectively to find out how interested, willing and prepared they are to be involved in sex education programmes in Nigerian secondary schools. This approach was predicated on the belief that teachers have a vital role to play in implementing any government policy on sex education particularly if such policies are to be routed through the schools. Results show that teachers and student teachers alike are in favour of sex education. Thy are also willing, interested and prepared to participate in sex education programmes. They feel deficient, however, in their knowledge of sex education.
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY ON TECHNICAL EDUCATION IN NIGERIA, 1960-1980 - Adetuyibi, A. O. (1986)
A DISSERTATION IN THE DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER EDUCATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN
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Adult Education and Self-help in Ghana between 1945 and 1960 - Asiedu, Kobina (Studies in the Education of Adults, 1986)
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Training of Evaluators in the Third World: Implementation of the Action Training Model (ATM) in Kenya and Botswana. - Bhola, H. S. (1986)
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Training Librarians in the University of Papua New Guinea - Butler, Alan (Information Development, 1986)
The University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) library combines administrative decentralization with a dirigist thrust from the university librarian. The rapid turnover of senior staff and inexperienced junior staff imposes strains and creates a need for a looser organizational structure. Training must encourage entrepreneurial, innovative individuals. Describes the national staff development scheme at junior and senior level and examines future training needs.
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Chloroquine-induced pruritus in Nigerian medical and nursing students - Harries, Anthony; Ks, Chugh (Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 1986)
Two hundred and fifty-one Nigerian medical and nursing students from the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital completed a questionnaire on chloroquine-induced pruritus. One hundred and thirty (51–8%) students experienced itching, and in 71 the symptoms were so distressing that chloro- quine was no longer used for treating febrile malarial episodes. Antihistamines taken before chloroquine or a change in the route of administration were helpful in preventing or ameliorating symptoms in some of the students. Significandy more students with chloroquine-induced pruritus had parents or siblings similarly affected compared with students who did not get pruritus, and this supports the concept of a pharmacogenetic basis to the disorder.
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The Media, Police and Student Demonstrations in Nigeria - Igbinovia, Patrick Edobor (The Police Journal, 1986)
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Using space photography of the Earth in the classroom: Drought in Africa - Kinsler, Margaret C. (1986)
A script of a classroom presentation based on space photographs of Africa is presented. The intended audience is elementary and secondary school teachers. Photographs of Lake Chad are used to illustrate climatic developments that exemplify the African drought problem.
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Special education in Kenya: a case study of St. Catherine’s special school for the mentally handicapped, \ Butula in Marachi Location, Busia District - Lokello, Gerald Akatsa (1986)
A project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Education (T.D.C.) Programme at Kenyatta University. 7th July - 3rd October, 1986
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Seismotectonics of the Lower Cheliff Basin: Structural background of the El Asnam (Algeria) Earthquake - Meghraoui, Mustapha; Cisternas, A.; Philip, H. (Tectonics, 1986)
The 1980 El Asnam earthquake should be understood within its tectonic environment. A seismotectonic map of the lower Cheliff basin (scale: 1/500,000) has been synthesized from known geologic, tectonic and seismological work on the region, and from satellite photos. The data set was integrated by a computer in order to handle different scales and projections. Several important tectonic features divide the region into 5 domains. Active faults and recent folds are consistent with a NNW‐SSE direction of compression. The Cheliff basin is limited to the south by the Relizane fault. The basin is also crossed by three broken folds, the eastern one being the one associated with the El Asnam fault. Historical and instrumental seisinicity seems to be located at both ends of Relizane fault. It is suggested that the sites corresponding to folds and reverse faulting crossing the basin are relevant to seismic risk. A simple tectonic model is proposed.
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The staffing of African library schools - Nzotta, Briggs C. (Education for Information, 1986)
Examen de la situation du personnel enseignant dans les ecoles africaines de bibliothecaires. Un manque evident de personnel est constate
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Job Aspirations of Students in Institutions of Higher Learning in Nigeria - Saha, Aniruddha; Chawla, Deepak (Indian Journal of Public Administration, 1986)
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Is the African drought an act of God or Man - Wijkman, A.; Timberlake, L. (1986)
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Further aspects of Sahelian drought as evident from rainfall regime of Nigeria - Adefolalu, D. O. (Archiv für Meteorologie, Geophysik, und Bioklimatologie, 1986)
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An investigation of the problems experienced by primary school teachers and beginning teachers in the Yemen Arab Republic - Al-Soofi, Mohammed A. K. (1986)
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Pleistocene volcanic debris avalanche from Mount Hagen, Papua New Guinea - Blong, Russell (Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1986)
Debris avalanches are rapid flowages of incoherent, unsorted mixtures of rock and soil material which move in response to gravity. On the southern and eastern slopes of Mt Hagen, a minimum area of 105 km2 has been covered by chaotic deposits of matrix‐supported clasts which form conical hills. The mean minimum thickness of the deposit is of the order of 30 m and the minimum volume is 3.2 km3. No source area for the avalanche can now be discerned on Mt Hagen but the headwaters area of the Gumants River seems the most likely. This absence of evidence of a source area and tephras overlying the deposit indicate that the debris avalanche occurred at least 80–100 ka and probably more than 400 ka. Emplacement of this avalanche may have contributed to the reversal of the Wahgi drainage.
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Prevalence of Toxocara canis ova on playgrounds of nursery schools in Nsukka, Nigeria. - Co, Emehelu; Bb, Fakae (International journal of zoonoses, 1986)
SUMMARY SoU samples taken from playgrounds in the eleven Nursery schools In Nsukka were examined for the prevalene of TOXOCtll'Il ctmla ova. T. canis ova weft;: il.lp.ntifled from 6 out of the 11 schools sampled, a prevalence of 54.5%. The public hea1t{}1 risk of.this fmding to the children In these schools with ~I to visceral larva mfgrana In mshJish.ted and recommendations made for prevention and control.
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The response to drought of Beja famine refugees in Sudan - Cutler, Peter (Disasters, 1986)
DisastersVolume 10, Issue 3 p. 181-188 The response to drought of Beja famine refugees in Sudan Peter Cutler, Peter Cutler Food Emergencies Research Unit London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT, U.KSearch for more papers by this author Peter Cutler, Peter Cutler Food Emergencies Research Unit London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT, U.KSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1986.tb00586.xCitations: 22AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES Campbell D.J. and Trechter D.D., Strategies for coping with food consumption shortages in the Mandara Mountains Regions of North Cameroon, Social Science and Medicine 16(24), 2117–2127 (1982). Chambers R., Rural Development: Putting the Last First., Longman, London (1983). Cutler P., Famine forecasting: Prices and peasant behaviour in Northern Ethiopia, Disasters 8(4), 48–55 (1984a). Cutler P., Food crisis detection: Going beyond the balance sheet, Food Policy 9(3), 189–192 (1984b). Cutler P., The use of economic and social information in famine prediction and response, mimeo, Overseas Development Administration, London (September 1985). Cutler P. and Shoham J., The state of disaster preparedness in Sudan, mimeo, International Disaster Institute, London (January 1985). Dirks R., Social responses during severe food shortages and famine, Current Anthropology 21(1), 21–44 (1980). Dowler E., Payne P., Yeo Y., Thompson A. and Wheeler E., Nutrition status indicators: Interpetation and policy making role, Food Policy 7(2), 99–112 (1982). ENI, Ethiopian Nutrition Institute, Profile of Wollo under Famine. Addis Ababa (1974). Hogg R., Pastoralism and impoverishment: The case of the Isiolo Boran of Northern Kenya, Disasters 4(3), 299–310 (1980). O'Leary M., Responses to drought in Kitui District, Kenya, Disasters 4(3), 315–327 (1980). Paul A., A History of the Beja Tribes of the Sudan. Cambridge University Press (1954). Seaman J. and Holt J., Markets and famines in the Third World, Disasters 4(3), 283–297 (1980). Sen A., Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation., Clarendon, Oxford (1981). Taylor N., Oxfam, UNICEF and Darfur Regional Government Nutritional Surveillance and Drought Monitoring Project, Report on Project Activities: March—May 1985, mimeo, Khartoum (July 1985). Wood A., Farmers responses to drought in Ethiopia, in: Rehab: Drought and Famine in Ethiopia (Edited by A. Hussein), African Environment Special Report No. 2, International African Institute, London (1976). Citing Literature Volume10, Issue3September 1986Pages 181-188 ReferencesRelatedInformation
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Prevalence of Toxocara canis ova on playgrounds of nursery schools in Nsukka, Nigeria. - Emehelu, C O; Fakae, B B (PubMed, 1986)
Soil samples taken from playgrounds in the eleven Nursery schools in Nsukka were examined for the prevalence of Toxocara canis ova. T. canis ova were identified from 6 out of the 11 schools samples, a prevalence of 54.5%. The public health risk of this finding to the children in these schools with regards to visceral larva migrans in highlighted and recommendations made for prevention and control.
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Indigenous responses to drought in sub‐Saharan Africa* - Fleurett, Anne (Disasters, 1986)
Drought is a frequent occurrence in contemporary sub-Saharan Africa, and the existence of periodic drought can be documented over hundreds of years. As a consequence of the routine rainfall shortages that affect them, agricultural and pastoral societies have developed a number of social institutions and mechanisms for bridging temporary food production shortfalls caused by drought. Drawing on the literature and field data from southeastern Kenya, this paper discusses a number of regular indigenous responses to short-term drought in sub-Saharan Africa. Changes in these patterns in the present day are also discussed. It is concluded that market-based responses are now the most important strategies, but that traditional institutions remain significant and contribute to the viability of drought-affected societies.
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Calc-alkaline volcanism along the eastern margin of the namaqua mobile belt, south Africa - A possible middle proterozoic volcanic arc - Geringer, G.J.; Botha, B.J.V.; Pretorius, J.J.; Ludick, D. J. (Precambrian Research, 1986)
The Boksputs and Upington sequences of the Areachap Group, present along the eastern margin of the Namaqua mobile belt in southern Africa, contain amphibolites with chemical properties which suggest that they are the metamorphic products of arc related precursors. The amphibolites, which form the predominant rock type of the Jannelsepan Formation of the Areachap Group, are subdivided on mineralogical grounds into massive and pyroxene amphibolite. The massive amphibolite of the Boksputs sequence chemically resembles low-K arc tholeiite, while the pyroxene amphibolite is slightly more calc-alkaline in character. The massive amphibolite of the Upington sequence is predominantly calc-alkaline, while the pyroxene amphibolite shows a strong shoshonitic affinity. The chemical differences between the two metavolcanic sequences are interpreted in terms of arc polarity and arc maturity. The present position of the associated granite plutons of the Keimoes Suite indicates that the two sequences most probably represent fragments of an originally northwest-trending arc system with a southwest-northeast polarity. The possibility of a north-south polarity, however, cannot be ruled out. The chemical characteristics may be indicative of arc maturity: the Upington sequence thus represents a more mature and the Boksputs sequence a less mature portion of a middle Proterozoic arc system. The Areachap Group is interpreted as an accretion feature with characteristics generated in a subduction environment.
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Cross-pollination: inter-organizational learning in Kenyan tree-planting programs - Hoagland, Sara H. (1986)
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Food, authority and politics: Student riots in South African schools, 1945-1976 - Hyslop, Jonathan (1986)
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The prevalence of dental caries among urban, semi-urban and rural school children in the Sudan. - Ibrahim, Y. E.; Ghandour, Ibrahim A.; Udani, T M (PubMed, 1986)
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A building education programme in North Yemen - Leslie, Jolyon (Disasters, 1986)
In December 1982 the central highlands of the Yemen Arab Republic suffered an earthquake that caused extensive damage to traditional buildings in the area. In the aftermath of the relief effort for victims of the disaster, a project was set up to provide local builders with simple information about the means of strengthening homes. This education programme has now been running for almost three years. This report describes the activities of the project, and assesses some of the issues that emerge from this kind of education work, and the methods that have been used.
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Limitations on improving earthquake resistance; The exploitation of local materials, A case study in Guinea‐Conakry - Norton, J (Disasters, 1986)
DisastersVolume 10, Issue 3 p. 172-178 Limitations on improving earthquake resistance; The exploitation of local materials, A case study in Guinea-Conakry John Norton, John Norton Co-Director Development Workshop B.P. 10 Montayral 47500 Fumel France *Development Workshop is an international non-profit organization working on the problems of human settlements in less developed countries. The group strives to improve the ability of communities and governments in such countries to meet their needs of shelter, physical infrastructure and planning. Members of the group believe that developing the use of local skills and resources is an essential part of this effort. During fifteen years of active and practical involvement in the field, project work has always been based upon a thorough understanding of the indigenous techniques which have been used to meet human settlement needs. The group's activities range through research, development of techniques, training, design and construction, urban planning and regional development, and disaster mitigation. For further information Development Workshop can be contacted in Canada at Box 133, 238 Davenport Road, Toronto M5R IJ6, or in Europe at B.P. 10 Montayral, 47500 Fumel, France.Search for more papers by this author John Norton, John Norton Co-Director Development Workshop B.P. 10 Montayral 47500 Fumel France *Development Workshop is an international non-profit organization working on the problems of human settlements in less developed countries. The group strives to improve the ability of communities and governments in such countries to meet their needs of shelter, physical infrastructure and planning. Members of the group believe that developing the use of local skills and resources is an essential part of this effort. During fifteen years of active and practical involvement in the field, project work has always been based upon a thorough understanding of the indigenous techniques which have been used to meet human settlement needs. The group's activities range through research, development of techniques, training, design and construction, urban planning and regional development, and disaster mitigation. For further information Development Workshop can be contacted in Canada at Box 133, 238 Davenport Road, Toronto M5R IJ6, or in Europe at B.P. 10 Montayral, 47500 Fumel, France.Search for more papers by this author First published: September 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1986.tb00584.x AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume10, Issue3September 1986Pages 172-178 RelatedInformation
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The formal industrial training system and policy in Kenya: quantitative, qualitative and distributional effects - Nübler, Irmgard (1986)
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Financing education in Kenya - Olembo, J. O. (PROSPECTS, 1986)
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Community financing of schools in Zimbabwe - Ota, Cleaver Chakawuya (PROSPECTS, 1986)
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The Chemical Knowledge of Secondary Science Teachers in Papua New Guinea. - Palmer, W. P. (1986)
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THE SEASONAL OCCURRENCE OF LEACH'S STORM PETREL OCEANODROMA LEUCORHOA AT ST CROIX ISLAND, SOUTH AFRICA - Randall, R. M.; Randall, B. M. (Ostrich, 1986)
Summary Randall, R. M. & Randall, B. M. 1986. The seasonal occurrence of Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa at St Croix Island, South Africa. Ostrich 57: 157–161. Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa vocalizations were heard regularly from late October to late January at night at St Croix Island. Initial identification based on vocalizations was confirmed following live trapping at a burrow. Behaviour was similar to that on northern hemisphere breeding grounds, but only one individual appeared to visit the island. Some individuals of the species probably migrate regularly to southern Africa, but the scarcity of such records may be due to their oceanic distribution and nocturnal island visits.
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Etiology of developmental disabilities in Soweto, South Africa. - Rubin, I. Leslie; Davis, MargarettK. (American Journal of Public Health, 1986)
A retrospective review was undertaken of the records of 725 children who attended the neurodevelopmental clinic at the Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto, South Africa. Most children presented at an early age (less than 2-6 years). The etiological factors were prenatal, 4 per cent; perinatal, 41 per cent; postnatal, 21 per cent. Seventy-one per cent of the perinatal factors were a result of birth related problems in full-term infants; only 22 per cent of this group were represented by premature and low birthweight infants, contrasting sharply with data from industrialized centers. Almost a third of the postnatal causes were a result of acute intracranial infections. Another 13 per cent were a result of the metabolic consequences of acute gastroenteritis. Thus a high proportion of problems were preventable through provision of adequate nutrition, mass immunization campaigns, and adequate primary health care services including antenatal and obstetric management.
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[Epidemiological study of the oral health status of school children 6-18-years-old in the city of Blida (Algeria)]. - Saidi, Friday (PubMed, 1986)
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Kenyan Students are Guided into Investigative Journalism - Scotton, James F. (The Journalism Educator, 1986)
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Drought and water management: The Egyptian response - Smith, Scot E. (Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1986)
SEVERE drought, the worst in 70 years, hit the Sahel and East Africa beginning in 1979. The lives of 14 million people have since been affected; hundreds of thousands have died from famine and related disease. The Sahara Desert continues to creep southward, claiming an area the size of New York State every decade. Human suffering in the hardest hit areas has received extensive media publicity. But the actual impacts extend much further into the African continent than the belt of land running between Mauritania and Somalia. Also affected by the drought are the riparian nations of the Nile, including Egypt, that depend entirely on the river as a source of water. People versus food production Sub-Saharan Africa has had one of the lowest growth rates in food production and highest population growth rates of any region on earth over the past 20 years ( 6 ). Politics rather than environmental conditions deserves much of the blame for this disparity. Why? In part because less than $5 billion of the nearly $26 billion in aid given to the Sahel and East Africa between 1980 and 1982 was devoted to agriculture or water resource management. For decades unstable governments, civil …
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Ethiopia *1CHILDREN OF THE DROUGHT - Terrill, Christopher (The Lancet, 1986)
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Veterinary education and research in South Africa. - Theiler, Arnold (PubMed, 1986)
Veterinary science is, if not the last, at least one of the last sciences, the application of which has been recognized to be an important factor in the development of the stock-breeding resources of South Africa. The rough and ready methods used in the past to deal with plagues and diseases in stock have gradually given way to treatment based on scientific principles. As a result of this, the serious epizootics have been brought under control, and stock farming, which in earlier times was threatened by many perils, has finally become a safe undertaking.
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A Study of Technophobia Among Primary School Teachers in Nigeria - Akinyemi, Kunle (PLET, 1986)
Abstract The subject of phobia has been extensively covered in the psychological literature of Freud and others, but its link with educational technology has not been investigated. Nigerian primary school teachers have been observed to entertain a phobia towards educational technology by avoiding the use of equipment in teaching. This study was designed to investigate the causes of teachers’ apathy towards equipment and to verify possible links with technophobia. Results have yielded only inconclusive evidence of the presence of technophobia in the three‐phase study. The 48 subjects demonstrated lack of knowledge of educational technology (equipment) and mere traces of technophobia. Such inconclusiveness may be due to some of the limitations of the study. The subject calls for more rigorous study in the attempt to make educational technology a reality in primary education in Nigeria.
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The Predictive Validity of the Twelfth Grade Achievement Test for Primary School Teacher Trainees in Kenya - Arap-Maritim, Ezra K. (Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1986)
This research was conducted to determine the predictive utility of the twelfth grade scores on the scores achieved by 363 primary teacher trainees in different courses. For related topics the validity coefficients were small but significant.
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Natural Hazards in the Papua New Guinea Highlands - Blong, Russell (Mountain Research and Development, 1986)
Like most areas of the earth's surface, the Papua New Guinea Highlands experience a variety of natural hazards. This paper considers landslide, frost, volcanic, and epidemic hazards. It presents a number of case studies, including some dating from the pre-European contact period. An attempt is made to assess the relative significance of hazards in the area in terms of deaths per decade. Some of the evidence presented suggests that government intervention has reduced reliance on traditional coping strategies. It is also noted that Western definitions of hazards and hazard events are not well suited to the PNG Highlands situation.
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A Comparison of Achievement in Technical Drawing of Students Enrolled in the Nigeria Certificate of Education (Technical) at the Kaduna Polytechnic, Kuduna, Nigeria - Maiyaki, Joseph Y. (1986)
The purpose of this study was to compare the achievement mean test scores in Technical Drawing of students enrolled for the NCE (Technical) program at the College of Science and Technology, Kaduna polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria. Test score means were compared between direct and remedial (preparatory) entry students and secondly among type of high school attended. Data were collected directly from students' permanent records. Two major hypotheses with three sub-hypotheses for each were tested. The first major hypothesis compared direct and remedial entry students. The second major hypothesis compared among three types of high schools attended. The One Way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. The Duncan Multiple Comparison Test was also applied on the second major hypothesis. Both hypotheses I and II were retained at the .05 level of significance. However, hypothesis I was rejected at the .01 level of significance because the remedial entry students were found to have higher mean test scores than the direct entry students. Findings for hypothesis II indicated no significant difference among type of high school attended. It was recommended that selection for admissions for both the remedial and direct enrollments should not be based only on type of high school attended or type of subjects taken; data collected for remediation should bear directly on individuals' academic problems; and aptitude tests should be conducted in addition to transcripts currently demanded.
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A Systematic Analysis and Critical Comparison of the Educational Provision for Students in Nigeria with the Available Educational Opportunity for Handicapped Students - Ogunrinu, Thomas B. (1986)
The problem of the study was the inadequate education of handicapped students in Nigeria. The primary purpose of the study was to develop a construct based on the United States models and research on special education, and to compare educational provisions for Nigerian students with the available educational opportunity for handicapped students. In order to achieve the stated objectives of the study, two methodological approaches were utilized: (1) Likert scale for opinion questionnaires, and (2) personal interviews. Both of these instruments included demographic information about the participants. The questionnaire was categorized into three areas (differences between educational opportunities for non-handicapped and handicapped students, formal learning opportunities for handicapped Nigerian students, and factors for being attentive or not being attentive to special education). The interview instrument focused on special education constraints, responsibility for special education provision, and improvement in education for the handicapped. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were reached. 1. Handicapped Nigerian students do not have equal educational opportunities, as compared to non-handicapped students. Therefore, equal instructional opportunities should be provided for handicapped and non-handicapped students. 2. The federal and state governments of Nigeria should be financially responsible for special education. Therefore, the administration of special education must be taken over from private organizations. 3. Lack of funds, personnel and specialists, equipment, and adequate facilities hinders education for the handicapped in Nigeria. In order to improve education for the handicapped, therefore, the following provisions should be made: (1) build more schools, (2) train more specialists, (3) make funds available for special education, (4) provide more facilities and equipment, (5) intensify efforts in early detection of handicaps in children, and (6) educate parents on the importance of special education.
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Egyptian and American University Students' Attitudes toward Parents and Family - Sanders, Jeffrey L. (The Journal of Social Psychology, 1986)
Abstract Egyptian and American university students' attitudes toward parents and family were assessed by the semantic differential technique. Both groups expressed favorable attitudes toward their parents and viewed their families as rather happy. Egyptians reported their parents to be relatively more patient, more relaxed, but somewhat more serious than did the Americans. The stereotypical negative portrayal of the Egyptian father as restrictive and authoritarian was not supported.
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Malaria in primary school children in Juba, southern Sudan. - Te, Taha; Rl, Broadhead (PubMed, 1986)
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Attitudinal career maturity of South African colored high school pupils - Watson, Mark; Aarde, Josef A van (Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1986)
A descriptive study of attitudinal career maturity and the effects on it of grade, age, socioeconomic status, mental ability, and sex was undertaken on a stratified random sample of 600 South African colored male and female high school pupils. The analysis of data revealed that the students' scores on Crites' Career Maturity Inventory: Attitude Scale were significantly related to grade, age, socioeconomic status, mental ability, and sex. Attitudinal career maturity scores compared unfavorably with those of American peers. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for career guidance in the educational setting.
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Leads from the MMWR. Rapid nutritional status evaluation during drought conditions–Republic of Niger (JAMA, 1986)
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Shifting fertility attitudes of Nigerian students by duration of stay in the United States. - Adebayo, Akinwumi (Sociology and social research, 1986)
This paper offers evidence that Nigerian students tend to change their fertility attitudes as a result of their stay in the United States. The data concern 220 male Nigerian students enrolled in state-supported universities in Kansas in 1984. (EXCERPT)
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Experiments on the teaching of biochemistry in a Nigerian University - Augusti, K. T. (Biochemical Education, 1986)
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The use of wild food plants, and drought in Botswana - Campbell, Alec C. (Journal of Arid Environments, 1986)
Although Botswana's climate is semi-arid with vast areas lacking surface water, its rolling sands support mosaics of grass and savanna. Its population of about one million may be divided into foragers, pastoralists, riverine peoples and cattle-owning agriculturalists. Cattle populations have quadrupled in recent years, spreading into new areas, overgrazing and endangering traditional plant foods on which, because of regular droughts, all communities are to some extent forced to rely. The lifestyle of each group and its major wild foods are described. A table lists some 75 species of wild food and describes methods of usage. The need to investigate utilisation of wild foods and to find alternative subsistence for those heavily dependent on them are stressed.
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POLITICS, SPORT AND EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICA - Davies, Julie (African Affairs, 1986)
Journal Article POLITICS, SPORT AND EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICA Get access JOHN DAVIES JOHN DAVIES John Davies is senior lecturer in Comparative Literature at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. He carried out field research in South Africa, June 1984 to Februrary 1985 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 85, Issue 340, July 1986, Pages 351–363, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097796 Published: 01 July 1986
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Dental caries among Egyptian school children of high and low socio-economic level. - el-Beheri, S (PubMed, 1986)
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Choice of general practice for postgraduate training among medical graduates and undergraduates in Nigeria - Elebute, O.A; Pearson, C. A.; Oo, Kale (Medical Education, 1986)
Summary. A questionnaire survey of career choices was carried out among 112 medical graduates, after one year's internship (group i), during their National Youth Corps programme in Kaduna, Lagos, Cross River and Oyo states of Nigeria, and 365 final-year medical undergraduates (group 2) in the colleges of medicine in the corresponding states. A total of 13% in group 1 and 40% in group 2 were undecided as regards their first choice. Obstetrics and gynaecology was the most popular first choice in both groups. General practice ranked fifth among group 1, but displaced surgery to rank second among group 2. The differences were statistically significant. A total of 41% of group 1 and 46% of group 2 preferred to work in a teaching hospital, reflecting the high preference for surgical specialties. Twenty-six per cent and 33.7% of respondents in groups 1 and 2 respectively wished to own their own practice or work in the private sector. General practice is a new specialty and its growth is supported by a national postgraduate training programme. A shift towards general practice is seen compared with previous studies of career preference among Nigerian medical graduates and students. This may be due to a changing balance of supply and demand in the medical work—force, or a better assessment of the nation's health problems and manpower needs.
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Mild Anaemia in African School Children: Effect on Running Performance and an Intervention Trial - Greisen, Gorm (Acta Paediatrica, 1986)
Blood haemoglobin concentrations and reticulocyte counts were determined in 430 school children in grades 1, 3 and 5 in a small township in rural Zambia at the end of the rainy season. Running capacity was estimated by the 12-min running test. Age, sex, height, weight, social and nutritional indicators were recorded. Mean haemoglobin was 125.3 g/1 +/- 12.3 SD. Low haemoglobin was associated with indicators of a traditional way of life. After a controlled trial of iron, folic acid, tetrachlorethylene and chloroquine lasting for 6 weeks, mean haemoglobin in all the children was 128.8 g/1 +/- 10.0 SD. The mean haemoglobin was significantly higher in the 218 children who received iron than in the 212 children who did not receive iron. There were no other significant differences among the treatment groups. In a subgroup of 377 children who completed two running tests, those with lower haemoglobin ran significantly shorter distances, even when possible confounding factors were partialled out. The effect was reduced by excluding 12 children with haemoglobin less than 100 g/1 or 48 children with reticulocyte counts of 15% or more, but remained statistically significant.
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School Psychology and the Nigerian Cultural Situation - Jimoh, Shehu Ahmed (School Psychology International, 1986)
For more than 40 years, efforts have been made by successive governments as well as agencies, organizations and individuals in Nigeria to ensure the provision of adequate services for the psychological development of the Nigerian schoolchild. There is a department in the federal Ministry of Education charged with this specific function. Many psychologists and guidance counsellors have been trained to serve in schools. Test materials appropriate to school pupils have been produced. Seminars and workshops are frequently organized to examine some school-related adjustment problems. However, certain cultural factors that can impede school psychology services do not appear to have received adequate attention yet. Perhaps the most important of these is the average Nigerian's inadequate conception of causality, which makes him believe that his problems are always caused by things and people outside of himself. The recommendations put forward include the need to relate what goes on in school to the realities of life in the larger society outside school, and the need for an enlightenment programme aimed at developing in Nigerians a more scientific concept of causality.
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Undergraduate psychiatry teaching in Ethiopia - Khandelwal, Shubham; Workneh, Fikre (Medical Education, 1986)
Summary. Many epidemiological studies have shown the magnitude and seriousness of mental disorders in developing countries. However, mental health care remains unsatisfactory owing to lack of skilled manpower and many other social and medical priorities. General practitioners and other health personnel can significantly help in extending mental health care provided they receive adequate training during their medical curriculum. With this aim, the Department of Psychiatry at Addis Ababa University runs a 6-week full—time course for undergraduate medical students. Its chief objectives, teaching methods, achievements and shortcomings are discussed in the paper.
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The significance of secondary school education for education and training of nurses in South Africa - Mashaba, T.G. (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1986)
This paper examines current basic nursing education in South Africa and suggests that problems in the secondary school education of Black recruits affect their later training potential as professional nurses. It reports the move towards the transfer of nurse training into higher education from 1986 in South Africa. Black nurses' learning and studying difficulties are considered in the light of their high failure rate in the South African Nursing Council qualifying examinations. It is agreed that in order to prepare the high number of qualified Black nurses required by South Africa within the tertiary education sector from 1986, special attention would need to be paid to secondary education provision for Blacks.
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Student Culture and Activism in Black South African Universities: The Root of Resistance - Osunde, Egerton O. (The Journal of Higher Education, 1986)
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Student Culture and Activism in Black South African Universities: The Root of Resistance - Osunde, Egerton O.; Nkomo, Mokubung (The Journal of Higher Education, 1986)
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Volcanic chronology of the Men–Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania - Wilkinson, P.; Mitchell, J. G.; Cattermole, Peter; Downie, C. (Journal of the Geological Society (London), 1986)
New conventional K-Ar dates for volcanic rocks from a recently mapped area in northern Tanzania, which includes the large volcano Meru, confirm rift-faulting episodes around 2.1 Ma and 1.2 Ma. Alkaline volcanic activity in the Meru area occurred in two main episodes, the earliest around 2.0–1.5 Ma. The later, main phase began about 0.3 Ma and peaked between 0.15 Ma and 0.06 Ma, although minor activity continued into the present century. Available data suggests that Meru and the neighbouring Kilimanjaro volcanic massif were never substantially active during the same periods.
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"The Ambiguities of Education in Kilenge, Papua New Guinea" - Zelenietz, Marty; Grant, Jill (Pacific studies, 1986)
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Teaching economics in a changing South African environment - Thomas, Wolfgang; Links, Elti (South African journal of business management (Print), 1986)
This short, exploratory paper hopes to trigger further debate, research and other relevant action with regard to teaching economics in a changing South African environment. It is argued that the challenges confronting university teachers of under-graduate economics and the teaching of economics in secondary schools are many and diverse. Not least is the need to add to the teaching of general principles, the teaching of the actual functioning of the South African economy. The authors also consider curriculum development, teaching material, the training of teachers, university-technikon links and adult and non-formal education.
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Rapid nutritional status evaluation during drought conditions–Republic of Niger. (PubMed, 1986)
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THE EDUCATION OF WOMEN IN ETHIOPIA: A MISSING PIECE IN THE DEVELOPMENT PUZZLE - Teferra, Seyoum (The Ethiopian Journal of Education, 1986)
Today educational disparity between the sexes is one of the critical Issues in the development of education in the Third World Countries. This hortarticle surveys the status of women's education in Ethiopia prior to 1974. Attempt is made to show that in traditional Ethiopia women had heen excludedfrom getting church and koranic education. and al 'o 'illce the introduction of modern education into the country. at the turn of the century, theirparticipation rate at the various levels of the educational system has been very minima/. Furthermore, the study tries to highlight that the participation ofwomen in education is a criticalfactor in the development equation.
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Volcanic rocks of the witwatersrand triad, south Africa. I: Description, classification and geochemical stratigraphy - Bowen, Teral B.; Marsh, Julian S; Bowen, Michael P.; Eales, H. V. (Precambrian Research, 1986)
The Witwatersrand triad contains thick volcanic sequences confined largely to the Dominion Group at the base and the Ventersdorp Supergroup at the top. These volcanic sequences are of late-Archaean to early-Proterozoic age and are amongst the oldest supracrustal volcanic sequences erupted onto the Archaean Kaapvaal craton. The volcanic rocks have suffered low-grade greenschist facies metamorphism but primary textures and, in some samples, primary mineralogies are well preserved. Major and trace element analyses of a large number of samples of volcanic rocks from boreholes in the Klerksdorp area, Western Transvaal, indicate that the chemical compositions of the lavas are largely unmodified by secondary processes and can be used for classification, stratigraphic studies and petrogenetic interpretation. The volcanics of the Dominion Group are a bimodal tholeiitic basalt-rhyolite association with considerable compositional variation from basalt to tholeiitic andesite within the basaltic suite. The Ventersdorp Supergroup is a weakly developed bimodal tholeiitic basalt-dacite suite. Basic rocks in the Klipriviersberg Group at the base and in the overlying Platberg Group are largely basaltic, whereas those of the Allanridge Formation at the top are largely tholeiitic andesites. Within the Klipriviersberg Group the more primitive samples occur at the top of the sequence. Phenocryst-rich porphyries of the Makwassie Formation in the Platberg Group are largely of dacitic composition and have textural features suggestive of an ash flow origin. A distinct geochemical stratigraphy is present within the volcanic sequences and application of discriminant function analysis and an empirical discrimination grid based on ratios of immobile elements P, Ti, and Zr allows for unknown samples to be placed within their correct stratigraphic unit.
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Physical fitness of South African school children. - Br, Goslin; Sb, Burden (PubMed, 1986)
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Self-treatment in rural Nigeria. A community health education diagnosis. - Brieger, William R.; Ramakrishna, Jayashree; Jd, Adeniyi (PubMed, 1986)
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In Syria. Effective methods to teach health education in schools. - Burhani, H (PubMed, 1986)
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The politics of excellence: University education in the South African context - File, Jon (Social Dynamics, 1986)
This paper outlines a number of major policies in terms of which predominantly white English medium universities are responding to a rapidly changing South Africa. It identifies key policy challenges that will face such universities and in this context evaluates current policy. Although major characteristics of the past three decades are unlikely to persist, the paper argues that existing policy is not in contradiction with South Africa's developing future provided it is clearly conceptualised, vigorously pursued and given priority in the allocation of resources. Excellence in both an African and an international context while not achievable outside a democratic South Africa is a powerful and appropriate goal.
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Organizational learning in development assistance: a comparative analysis of six tree-planting projects in Kenya - Hoagland, Sara H. (1986)
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Non-Formal Education in the Developing States in the South African Context. Part II. Non-Formal Education in Ciskei. - Krüger, C. J. H.; Vermaak, D. (1986)
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Egyptians Maya Minoans (Learning Works Enrichment Series) - Matthies, Susanna (1986)
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In Egypt, Learning U.S. Journalism can Look Subversive - Napoli, James J. (The Journalism Educator, 1986)
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Ra-Th disequilibria systematics: Timescale of carbonatite magma formation at Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania - Williams, Ross W.; Gill, James B.; Bruland, Kenneth W. (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1986)
Carbonatite magma can form and erupt within 7 to 18 years, and the event seems associated with prior volcanic eruptions. This determination of magma age is possible because the carbonatite lava and ash which were erupted in 1960–1966 from Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania, have the most extreme disequilibria between U and Th series nuclides yet measured in volcanic rocks. At the time of eruption: (228Ra)(232Th) ≈ 27 and (226Ra)(230Th) > 60; (238U)(232Th) > 10, while (232Th)(232Th) = 1.0; and (210Pb)(226Ra) ≈ 0.3. Three end-member models are presented which enable interpretation of these disequilibria. If the disequilibrium formed instantaneously, the event occurred about 7 years before initial eruption, and just before the last preceding but small eruption of Oldoinyo Lengai. If, instead, the disequilibrium formed continuously, the process must have begun 15 to 18 years before initial eruption, just after the last preceding major eruption. The disequilibria data confirm that the carbonatites are not fused trona, but do not distinguish between other genetic options (mantle fusion, selective assimilation, liquid immiscibility). However, the shortness of magma-formation time together with mass-balance considerations suggest formation due to the continuous exsolution of 2 to 20% of carbonatite from nephelinite which was itself Ra-enriched.
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Police dispersing student protestors, Johannesburg, South Africa - Gubb, Louise (1986)
Students from the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), who took to the streets with their protest against apartheid, are dispersed violently by police with batons and their dogs, Johannesburg, South Africa, 30 May 1986.
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Seismicity and earthquake hazard at the proposed site for a nuclear power plant in the El Dabaa area, north-western desert, Egypt - Albert, R. N. H. (1986)
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A group of Mozambiquan students wrote a collective poem on the anniversay of the massacre of Soweto – to declare their love and solidarity for their South African brothers and sisters: (Review of African Political Economy, 1986)
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[The use of mswaki for plaque removal in a group of Kenyan school children in a rural area]. - Am, Holk; Larsen, T; Schwensen, K; Manji, Farah (PubMed, 1986)
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Primary School Literature and Folktales in Kenya: What Makes a Children's Story African? - Eisemon, Thomas Owen; Hallett, Martin; Maundu, John N. (Comparative Education Review, 1986)
Previous articleNext article No AccessPrimary School Literature and Folktales in Kenya: What Makes a Children's Story African?Thomas Owen Eisemon, Martin Hallett, and John MaunduThomas Owen Eisemon Search for more articles by this author , Martin Hallett Search for more articles by this author , and John Maundu Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 30, Number 2May, 1986 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/446590 Views: 29Total views on this site Citations: 10Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1986 The Comparative and International Education SocietyPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Lilian F. Wiysahnyuy, Ngalim Banfegha Valentine Folktales as indigenous pedagogic tools for educating school children: A mixed methods study among the Nso of Cameroon, Frontiers in Psychology 14 (Feb 2023).https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1049691Suvi Kokko, Carl Johan Lagerkvist Using Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique to Map Beneficiaries’ Experiences and Values, American Journal of Evaluation 38, no.22 (May 2016): 205–225.https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214016649054Espen Stranger-Johannessen The African Storybook, teachers’ resources, and pedagogical practices, International Journal of Educational Development 52 (Jan 2017): 26–36.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.10.003MICHELLE COMMEYRAS, HELLEN N. INYEGA An integrative review of teaching reading in Kenyan primary schools, Reading Research Quarterly 42, no.22 (Nov 2011): 258–281.https://doi.org/10.1598/RRQ.42.2.3Joyce M. Bainbridge, Sylvia Pantaleo, Monica Ellis Multicultural Picture Books: Perspectives from Canada, The Social Studies 90, no.44 (Jul 1999): 183–188.https://doi.org/10.1080/00377999909602412Christine Liddell Every Picture Tells A Story—Or Does It?, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 28, no.33 (Jul 2016): 266–283.https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022197283004Thomas Owen Eisemon Examinations policies to strengthen primary schooling in African countries, International Journal of Educational Development 10, no.11 (Jan 1990): 69–82.https://doi.org/10.1016/0738-0593(90)90017-IThomas Owen Eisemon Schooling, cognition and creating capacity for technological innovation in Africa, International Review of Education 35, no.33 (Jan 1989): 329–348.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00598945THOMAS OWEN EISEMON Conclusion, (Jan 1988): 130–145.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-034995-4.50013-3S. GOPINATHAN Cross-Cultural Transfer of Print Media, (Jan 1987): 177–195.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-034993-0.50015-0
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Nursing education in Kenya: trends and innovations. - Gk, Mule (PubMed, 1986)
The nursing profession in Kenya plays a very fundamental role in the society and provides employment to a good number of young men and women at an important part of their lives. The education of the nurse therefore forms a significant part of the overall educational system of the society. Thus the nursing curriculum reflects the educational philosophy of the society as a whole, Kenya's philosophy of health, the society's concept of the nurse and at the same time endeavouring to maintain the world standard of professional nursing. This paper was presented at the ICN Congress in Tel Aviv, June 1985.
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Appropriate Instructional Media Selection (AIMS): an issue in educational technology in the Nigerian school system - Ihebuzor, Noel (British Journal of Educational Technology, 1986)
Abstract The paper examines the issue of appropriate instructional media selection in a developing country such as Nigeria. Five criteria (media attributes, cost, usability, serviceability and availability) are used to assess the justifiability of different types of high technology instructional media (HTIM). Some HTIM are judged appropriate whereas some are judged inappropriate on the basis of the assessment. The paper ends by suggesting the development and use of low technology instructional media to supplement appropriate HTIM in Nigeria.
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The Effectiveness of Metrifonate in Reducing Hookworm Infection in Kenyan School Children - Km, Kurz; Ls, Stephenson; Mc, Latham; Sn, Kinoti (American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1986)
The reduction in hookworm egg counts was determined in children treated with 1 and 2 doses of metrifonate. Kenyan primary school children were allocated to receive either 10.0 mg (n = 53) or 7.5 mg (n = 53) of metrifonate per kg of body weight (mg/kg) or a placebo (n = 26). Two doses of 10.0 mg/kg reduced hookworm egg counts (from arithmetic means of 4,177 to 438 eggs per gram of feces [epg]) more than did 2 doses of 7.5 mg/kg (from 4,329 to 1,392 epg; P < 0.01). Two doses of metrifonate reduced egg counts more than did 1 dose (P < 0.0001). The placebo group did not show a significant change in egg counts. The single dose of 10.0 mg/kg led to a 78% reduction in hookworm egg counts (from 4,177 to 918 epg), a level unlikely to cause iron deficiency anemia. This was as effective as 2 doses of 7.5 mg/kg, and was more easily administered than 2 or 3 doses. The further reduction after a second dose of 10.0 mg/kg (to 438 epg) is probably not of practical importance. This study shows that metrifonate, even in a single dose for treatment of S. haematobium, is also useful in reducing hookworm egg counts.
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Diversified Secondary Education in Kenya: The Status of Practical Subjects and Their Uses after School. - Lauglo, Jon; Närman, Anders (1986)
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Faculty Perceptions of Nigerians Enrolled in Technical Teacher Training Programs. Report II. - LeBlanc, Darrell; Cap, Orest (1986)
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Nigerian and Canadian Student Perception of Technical Teacher Training Problems. Report I. - LeBlanc, Darrell; Cap, Orest (1986)
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Job Satisfaction of Secondary School Principals in the Rivers State of Nigeria - Maduagwu, Samuel N. (1986)
This study addresses these questions: (1) What is the relationship between secondary school principals' job satisfaction and their ages, educational level, salary, and years of experience on the job, size of school, and location of school? and (2) What is the relationship between two instruments that measure job satisfaction–The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and The Job in General (JIG).
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Understanding Social Conflict: Media Reliance and Student Perspectives on the Struggle in South Africa. - Matabane, Paula W. (1986)
Recent research efforts have attempted to address the contradictory conclusions being drawn about the relative contribution of television and newspapers to citizen awareness of public affairs. The traditional view of newspapers' superiority has been challenged by those investigators who hold that the determinant factors rest with individuals–their motivation, their political orientation, and their ability to derive information from any source. Additional questions surround the difference between media exposure or use, and reliance or dependence upon those media. Some exposure may be passive, habitual, while other exposure is active, selective and analytical. All these factors are involved in the relationships between media use and social perceptions. This study examines the relationship between different measures of media use, reliance and social perceptions in the context of the continuing struggle in South Africa as reported in U.S. media. For black college students, media use and reliance play only a marginal role in the formation of impressions about the conflict. A reference list and six data tables are appended. (Author/TRS) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************1* I Understanding Social Conflict Media reliance and student perspectives on the struggle in South Africa
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Drought and Development in Ethiopia - Ottaway, Marina (Current history, 1986)
Research Article| May 01 1986 Drought and Development in Ethiopia Marina Ottaway Marina Ottaway Professor of Political Science, George Mason University Marina Ottaway has taught at the University of Addis Ababa and has been a frequent visitor to Ethiopia. She is coauthor of Ethiopia: Empire in Revolution (New York: Africana, 1978) and Afrocommunism (New York: Africana, 1981). Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1986) 85 (511): 217–220. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1986.85.511.217 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Marina Ottaway; Drought and Development in Ethiopia. Current History 1 May 1986; 85 (511): 217–220. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1986.85.511.217 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1986 by The Regents of the University of California1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
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Family Planning Among Nigerian Postsecondary Female Students - Oyeka, I. C. A. (Studies in Family Planning, 1986)
This study examines the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning among postsecondary female students in an urban area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Although only a few of the women sampled expressed knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, the majority had favorable attitudes toward family planning. Among those who had knowledge of family planning, those who had attended a coeducational secondary school were more familiar with modern contraceptive methods, and those who had attended an all-girls' secondary school were more familiar with the rhythm method. Of the 23.3 percent who had ever practiced family planning, almost half had used rhythm; only a very small minority had ever used the pill. Among those who had ever used contraception and who had a positive attitude toward family planning, the greatest proportion was made up of older, married Protestant women.This study examines attitudes toward family planning among female postsecondary school students in Nigeria. Data were based on a random sample of 603 students from 3 educational institutions in the urban center of Awka, to whom KAP surveys were distributed. 32% of the 489 respondents were married, and 29% had attended a coeducational secondary school. Results show that over 1/3rd had no knowledge of family planning; of those who had knowledge, 32.5% said they were most familiar with the rhythm method. Women over 20 had greater knowledge than younger women (62.3% vs. 56.0%). No significant difference was found between Catholics and Protestants, nor was there any significant difference among women from coeducational schools. A majority expressed a favorable attitude toward family planning. Morality was cited most frequently as a reason for not using contraceptives. 23.3% had ever actually used any form of contraception. Use of modern methods was highest among older, married, Protestant women. The group as a whole preferred boys to girls in a ratio of about 1.4 to 1.0; any program to reduce fertility in Nigeria must attempt to modify the traditional value system that places a high premium on male children.
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Self assessed pupil adjustment with teacher assessments of pupils' behavioural difficulties in various age groups of Arabisant and bilingual Algerian students - Simon, Annick; Guernina, Zoubida; Upton, Graham; Ward, L. O. (Research in Education, 1986)
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THE AFRICAN DROUGHT : A CRISIS OF TRANSPORTATION - Taylor, Jirka (1986)
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Bicultural Music Education in Papua New Guinea: A Quest for Unity and Identity - Webb, Michael (International Journal of Music Education, 1986)
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The teaching and research of industrial sociology in an African University: problems and prospects. - Rwabukwali, Charles B. (1986)
A paper presented to the Workshop on The Teaching and Research of Sociology and Anthropology in the East African Universities held at Nazareth, Ethiopia, April 21-25, 1986, organised by OSSREA.
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The South African Defence Force physical training programme. Part III. Exertion-related injuries sustained at an SADF basic training centre. - Nf, Gordon; Ep, Hugo; Jf, Cilliers (PubMed, 1986)
The incidence and nature of exertion-related injuries were studied at a South African Defence Force basic training centre. A total of 404 separate injuries were sustained by 359 of 947 recruits during the 10-week basic training cycle. Of these injuries, 18,3% were sustained with (group 1) and 81,7% without (group 2) an obvious sudden precipitating event. Exertion-related injuries were responsible for a loss of 2711 recruit-days of basic training. While the knee sustained the largest number of group 2 injuries, lower leg trauma resulted in the greatest loss of basic training time. Forty-two separate radio-graphically confirmed stress fractures were incurred by 39 recruits, an incidence of 4,12%, which is considerably higher than that in the US Army. These data leave little doubt that the present training programme is costly in terms of training-time lost and may prevent large numbers of recruits from deriving the optimum conditioning benefits.
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The South African Defence Force physical training programme. Part II. Effect of 1 year's military training on muscular strength, power, power-endurance, speed and flexibility. - Nf, Gordon; Moolman, Johannes; Rensburg, Van; Hm, Russell; Pe, Krüger; Hc, Grobler; Jf, Cilliers (PubMed, 1986)
The effect of the South African Defence Force (SADF) military training on recruits' muscular strength, power, power-endurance, speed and flexibility was investigated. In the entire study group, a significant enhancement by basic training was observed for the isokinetic muscular strength of the right elbow extensors alone (17% increase; P less than 0,05). Stratification of training responses on the basis of initial fitness levels revealed significant improvements with basic training for all measures of muscular strength, power, power-endurance and speed, but not flexibility, in the below-average fitness recruit. For all variables the training effect was transient and values documented on completion of 1 year's military training differed insignificantly from those recorded before conscription. In contrast, with the exception of elbow extensor muscular strength, fitness levels of the average and above-average recruits were not increased by basic training. While further research to assess physical requirements of various military work and emergency situations is needed to evaluate the desirability of this observed selective enhancement of recruit fitness levels during basic training, it is evident that greater emphasis should be placed on flexibility training, and physical conditioning after basic training.
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The South African Defence Force physical training programme. Part I. Effect of 1 year's military training on endurance fitness. - Nf, Gordon; Rensburg, Van; Moolman, Johannes; Pe, Krüger; Hm, Russell; Hc, Grobler; Jf, Cilliers (PubMed, 1986)
The effect of the South African Defence Force's (SADF) military training on the endurance fitness of recruits was investigated. Pre-military training maximal O2 consumption (53,14 ml/kg/min) did not change significantly during the study. In contrast, lactate turnpoint (ml O2/kg/min) and treadmill performance time were moderately enhanced (7,5% and 8% respectively; P less than 0,05) by the initial 10-week basic training programme. Further analysis of the results showed this endurance-training effect to be limited to recruits of average and, in particular, below-average fitness. The salutary effect of basic training on fitness levels was, however, transient, the values on completion of 1 year's military training being unaltered from those before conscription. This preliminary assessment of the SADF physical training programme suggests a need for the introduction of changes during and, in particular, after basic training.
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Investigating Preschool Education and Care in South Africa. - Berg, Owen C. Van Den; Vergnani, Tania (1986)
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Effects of ammonium nitrate aerosol exposure on lung structure of normal and elastase-impaired rats and guinea pigs - Busch, R. H.; Buschbom, R.L.; Cannon, W.C.; Lauhala, K.E.; Miller, Frederick J.; Graham, Judith A.; Smith, L.G. (Environmental Research, 1986)
Groups of rats and guinea pigs with normal lungs and others with elastase-induced emphysema were exposed to NH4NO3 aerosols of 0.60 mass median aerodynamic diameter at 1 mg/m3 for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks. Morphologic and morphometric studies were performed on lungs perfused with cacodylate-buffered 2% glutaraldehyde under 20 cm H2O pressure at necropsy. The tissues were studied for pathologic change by light and electron microscopy; emphysema was evaluated by subgross and microscopic methods, including changes in mean alveolar chord length using scanning electron microscopy techniques. Elastase produced emphysema to a degree quantifiable by all criteria studied; however, it apparently obscured the effects of nitrate inhalation. The NH4NO3 exposure (compared to air alone) tended to increase values for pulmonary parameters in normal animals of both species and to decrease them in elastase-treated animals. The NH4NO3 exposure increased values for lung volume in rats, percentage area affected in elastase-treated rats, and chord length β in normal animals of both species. The responses to NH4NO3 were slight (P < 0.10) and were not accompanied by any detectable changes in alveolar structure. Therefore, the effects of NH4NO3 at this exposure level and duration, are regarded as biologically insignificant for rats and guinea pigs.
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Improving the organization and management of civil service training in Zambia - Carmichael, Cathie (Public Administration and Development, 1986)
Abstract This paper describes the first phase (1981‐1984) of a programme being carried out by the Government of Zambia to improve the organization and management of in‐service training for civil servants. General guidelines for an effective training function are outlined. These are compared to the problems of civil service training in Zambia in 1981, where responsibility was fragmented, co‐ordination was poor, work concentrated on routine administration, and the background of training staff was often inappropriate. A set of recommendations was agreed for resolving these problems, including the creation of a central training directorate and a cadre of full‐time training staff. The package of proposals was designed to increase accountability, improve co‐ordination, improve the quality of training staff, and introduce systematic training procedures. The progress with implementing these changes is evaluated; the greatest progress was in setting up the cadre of training staff, although significant progress was also made in other areas. The paper concludes that the conditions for an effective training function have been created and that a longer‐term programme to develop the new training cadre is now required. The Zambian example provides a possible model for any country thinking of introducing similar changes.
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Contraception among female students in the University of Benin - Chiwuzie, J; Dariah, Gerald L. (The journal of the Royal Society of Health, 1986)
QESTIONNAIRES WERE distributed amongst a randomly selected sample of 400 female under graduates of the University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria with the aim of finding out their degree of aware ness of, attitude to, and use of contraceptives. The mean age of the studied population was 19.6 years. 360 (90%) were single. 372 of them (93%) were aware of contraception, 192 (48%) had used one form of contracep tion or the other, and 104 (26%) had had one or more abortions at the time of the study. Of these 104, 62 (or 60.8% of them) had used no form of contraception prior to the pregnancy. The most dreaded side effect of contraception among the population studied was infertility.
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The effects of repeated intense hypoxia on learning and memory in the guinea pig - Clincke, G. (Behavioural Brain Research, 1986)
A lesion of striate cortex, area V1, produces blindness in the retinotopically corresponding part of the visual field, although in some cases visual abilities in the blind field remain that are paradoxically devoid of conscious visual percepts (“blindsight”). Here we demonstrate that the blindsight subject GY can experience visual sensations of phosphenes in his blind field induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Such blind field percepts could only be induced when stimulation was applied bilaterally, i.e. over GY's area V5/MT in both hemispheres. Consistent with an earlier report [Cowey, A., & Walsh, V. (2000). Magnetically induced phosphenes in sighted, blind and blindsighted observers. Neuroreport, 11, 3269–3273], GY never experienced phosphenes when stimulation was restricted to his ipsilesional V5/MT. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time GY has experienced visual qualia in his blind hemifield. The present report characterizes the necessary conditions for such conscious experience in his hemianopic visual field and interprets them as demonstrating that only via a contribution from GY's intact hemisphere can activation in the damaged hemisphere reach visual awareness.
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Egyptian Mediterranean Coastal and Estuarine Pollution by Pesticides and Heavy Metals - El‐Sebae, A. H. (Water science & technology, 1986)
Research Article| April 01 1986 Egyptian Mediterranean Coastal and Estuarine Pollution by Pesticides and Heavy Metals A. H. El-Sebae A. H. El-Sebae Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Water Sci Technol (1986) 18 (4-5): 311. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0219 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation A. H. El-Sebae; Egyptian Mediterranean Coastal and Estuarine Pollution by Pesticides and Heavy Metals. Water Sci Technol 1 April 1986; 18 (4-5): 311. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0219 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
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