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Abstract Using spatial predictions of future threats to biodiversity, we assessed for the first time the relative potential impacts of future land use and climate change on the threat status of plant species. We thus estimated how many taxa could be affected by future threats that are usually not included in current IUCN Red List assessments. Here, we computed the Red List status including future threats of 227 Proteaceae taxa endemic to the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa, and compared...
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This study provides empirical evidence for improvement of participation and performance of girls in secondary school science in Nigeria. A total of 120 science teachers drawn from eight out of the thirteen secondary schools in Ijebu-Ode Local Government Area of Ogun State returned the questionnaires for the study. Data were analysed using simple percentages and t-test. The findings indicate that initiation of awareness programmes on the relevance of science for parents and girls and also...
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Abstract Background Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) reduce malaria morbidity and mortality, but use is limited. A barrier to ITN use may be lack of knowledge regarding malaria transmission and prevention. This study is a controlled trial comparing ITN use and malaria knowledge levels between households in Piron, Mali, undertaken in 2003. Methods Households received net impregnation services either with or without antecedent education. The main outcome measure was ITN use, defined as...
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With the end of civil war in 1991, Ethiopia's government launched a New Education and Training Policy in 1994 which, by the early 2000s, had already produced remarkable results. The gross enrollment ratio rose from 20 to 62 percent in primary education between 1993-94 and 2001-02; and in secondary and higher education it climbed, respectively, from 8 to 12 percent and from 0.5 to 1.7 percent. Yet the government can hardly afford to rest on its laurels. Primary education is still not...
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Health expenditure in Africa, especially cash to fight AIDS, malaria, and poliomyelitis, should grow exponentially in the next five years as a result of decisions taken by leaders of the G8 industrial nations at their disrupted summit in Gleneagles, Scotland. The G8 agreed to increase overseas aid by $50bn (£28bn; €41bn) by 2010 compared with 2004, with half the rise dedicated to sub-Saharan Africa. Tony Blair asked each individual G8 leader to sign as G8 leaders have a long track record of...
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Abstract. The knowledge of water flow pathways and residence times in a catchment are essential for predicting the hydrological response to a rain storm event. Different experimental techniques are available to study these processes, which are briefly reviewed in this paper. To illustrate this, recent findings from the Weatherley catchment a 1.5 km2 semi-arid headwater in South-Africa, are reported in this paper. Beside classical hydrometric measurements of precipitation and runoff different...
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The evolution of the late Archean Belingwe greenstone belt, Zimbabwe, is discussed in relation to the geochemistry of the ultramafic to mafic volcanic rocks.Four volcanic types (komatiite, komatiitic basalt, D-basalt and E-basalt) are distinguished in the 2Á7 Ga Ngezi volcanic sequence using a combination of petrography and geochemistry.The komatiites and D-basalts are rocks in which isotopic systems and trace elements are depleted.Chemical variations in komatiites and D-basalts can be...
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The role of high school dropout in the onset and rapid escalation of substance use was investigated with 1,762 African American youth participating in the 1990 and 1992 follow-ups of the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88). In 1990, all youth were students; most were in the 10th grade and approximately 16 years old. Path analysis models were used to examine dropout's unique contribution to substance use and its mediational effect on the association of prior problem...
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Background: Maternal mortality in Malawi continues to increase despite the global SMI and national safe motherhood programme\'s efforts to reduce it. Objectives: To identify the social, demographic and reproductive profiles of women suffering a maternal death, the main immediate causes and the operational factors. Design: A retrospective descriptive survey. Setting: The Gogo-Chatinkha Maternity Unit, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, from January 1, 1999 to December 31,...
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The purpose of this research is to examine how performance in the arts effects college admission, success, and retention for African Americans, Native Americans and Latino students. For the purposes of the study, the arts are defined as a performative act of culture. The fields of inquiry investigated are: culture and performance, acting and learning, aesthetics and artistic production. This study also examines the cultural indicator used to identify at-risk students; the nature of...
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Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) is a relatively new and rapidly evolving academic field that explores the role of information and communication technologies in language learning and teaching. It has rapidly developed over the last forty years. This development can be categorized into three distinct phases: behaviouristic CALL, communicative CALL and Integrative CALL. Despite the numerous advantages that can be made of the computer in language teaching, many language teachers in...