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There is no information on the socio-demographic variations and determinants of Trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Kenyan adolescents.To describe the traumatic experiences of Kenyan high school students and to determine the levels of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among them, and in relation to sociodemographic variables.A cross-sectional study of 1 110 students (629 males and 481 females), aged 12 to 26 years, using self-administered questionnaires.The students...

Digital divide created by the unequal access to, and use of, information and communication technologies is creating a major barrier to the use of information resources and services, especially in developing countries. Based on a questionnaire survey, this study shows the digital divide among the students and academics of the United Kingdom (UK) and Zambia measured in terms of access to the Internet and electronic information.

This article presents data from a study that focuses on how multilingual Grade 9 learners at a formerly white, private school use language to position themselves and others, and thus use it as an identity-building resource. Data was collected using ethnographic and participatory research methods. The article engages with the concern that African learners attending English medium, multiracial schools are losing their proficiency in African languages. In contrast, the analysis demonstrates...

A Survey of Paragonimus infection among primary school children aged 6-10 years in Oban village, Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria, was conducted. A total of 198 children were examined:112 (56.6%) were boys while 86 (43.4%) were girls. Eleven of the subjects were sputum positive for paragonimus eggs, giving an overall prevalence rate of 5.5%. The findings show that paragonimiasis is a significant health problem in South Eastern Nigeria; the risk of infection could...

In the last two decades, the social and economic benefits of formal education in Sub-Saharan Africa have been debated. Anecdotal evidence points to low returns to education in Africa. Unfortunately, there is limited econometric evidence to support these claims at the micro level. In this study, I focus on Nigeria a country that holds 1/5 of Africa’s population. I use instruments based on the exogenous timing of the implementation and withdrawal of free primary education across regions in...

Abstract A rite-of-pass age program as a course of action for successfully transitioning Black young people into adulthood and fostering positive outcomes in their lives is the focus of this study. The program draws upon African traditional culture to impart values, improve self-concept, and develop cultural awareness. Utilizing data from a larger study, the author conducted a qualitative study which examined the perceptions of former students who had experienced a program while attending an...

Objectives. We compared prevalence rates and correlates of substance use among high school students in South Africa and the United States. Methods. We used weighted data from 2 nationally representative surveys of high school students. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses and examined between-country differences in rates and correlates of substance use were examined. Results. Rates of past-month alcohol and marijuana use were lower among South African students than among US...

Abstract Since 1990 carbon dioxide emissions in Africa have increased by about 50%. The total carbon dioxide emissions of the entire African continent are not, however, anywhere near those of countries such as India or China. Yet certain African countries have per capita emissions comparable to some European countries. What is the outlook for Africa? How should African countries respond as it becomes increasingly likely that climate change is occurring? Increased industrial growth and more...

In Zimbabwe the need to incorporate indigenous knowledge in science education to reflect local cultural settings cannot be overemphasized. Current policies on science are situated in Western cultural definitions, thus marginalizing indigenous knowledge, which is misconceived as irrational and illogical. This study used qualitative research methods. Ten teachers were purposively selected and interviewed to gain their insights into problems faced in incorporating indigenous knowledge into...

The South African Institute of Chartered Accountants and the International Federation of Accountants require Information Technology (IT) to be integrated with the professional subjects, including Auditing, qualified chartered accountants need. Internationally, people want changes to Auditing teaching. The Accounting Department of Stellenbosch University developed an audit simulation of the whole audit process from client acceptance to completion. Students must prepare working papers, using...

Data on thyroid dimension that determines prevalence of goitre in children is vital for public health consideration. The wide variations in the values of thyroid dimensions from different populations as a consequence of geographic, racial and nutritional differences have prompted the World Health Organisation recommendation that normal values for each region be estimated separately because the presence of goitre in children effectively reflects the status. of iodine deficiency in general...

The Barombi Koto volcanic field (BKVF) is located northeast of Mount Cameroon and constitutes a portion of the Kumba graben, one of the monogenetic volcanic fields of the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL). Tortonian fissural eruptions yielded picritic flows reworked by subsequent explosive eruptions, which generated two maars and ten cinder cones. The lavas comprise picrobasalts, basanites, alkali basalts, and hawaiites. Some clinopyroxene crystals exhibit a Cr-reverse zoning (0.15 to 0.58 wt%)...

The South African Constitution has a determining effect on South African private law in that all private law legislation is testable against the fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution’s Bill of Rights, and South African courts have an essential development task in respect of the common law principles of South African private law. In consequence, South African private law has undergone significant change under the influence of constitutional imperatives, which change will continue...

This study is focused on the determination of the age and provenance of Proterozoic (meta-)sedimentary units on the southern margin of the Congo Craton, collectively known as the Muva Supergroup. Zircon U–Pb SHRIMP dating of crystalline basement units (granite and volcanic tuffs) that form the basement to the Muva Supergroup have yielded crystallisation ages of between 1868 ± 7 and 1860 ± 13 Ma. Discrete volcaniclastic units within the deformed portions of the Muva Supergroup in the Irumide...

As a nation, Kenya hopes to achieve Education for All (EFA) by the year 2015. This is an uphill task given the various challenges in the education sector. The year 2015 is also significant globally because it is the target year for the fulfillment of the eight-millennium goals. Kenya looks forward to have her people achieve the millennium goals together with other people worldwide. The pivotal hinge for these important target goals is education levels of the people involved and look forward...

The purpose of this study was to examine the strategies employed by 1890 land grant universities in recruiting and retaining African Americans in agricultural science.Recruitment strategies such as African American agricultural role models, secondary agricultural education, summer enrichment programs, and prior agricultural life experiences were found to be effective.The findings from this study indicate that the following retention strategies were successful in retaining African American...

Abstract The disproportionate representation of students of color in special education programs has been an issue in the field for decades. However, the literature on the topic tends to ignore the perceptions held by the families of these children. This paper shares the results of a qualitative study which explored the perceptions of one group of African-American parents that challenged their local school system on the placement and quality of services delivered to African-American children in special education.