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For many years, rural development has been one of the priority goals of Dutch development co-operation. Rural development projects were seen as important drivers of development, as they provided the inputs for industrial development and increased export earnings, and contributed to food security. Stagnating agricultural production, environmental degradation and the concentration of poverty in the countryside were considered obstacles to further national development. Consequently, large...
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The rising caesarean section rate is becoming a cause for concern among many obstetricians all over the world more so in developing countries where there is strong aversion to caesarean section. A five year study was conducted between 1998 to 2002 to evaluate incidence of caesarean section in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and factors that influence the rising trend in caesarean section rate in our environment and also to find out the case fatality rate associated with this...
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The core syllabus includes anatomy, physiology, and embryology of the kidney as well as fluid and electrolyte disorders, acid–base disorders, urinary tract infections, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, renal disease in the tropics, diabetes and the kidney, hypertension, acute and chronic renal failure, and prevention of progression of renal disease. An additional problem for Africa has been its medical emigration or “brain drain” to the more developed countries of the world, resulting...
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To learn, a person has to be able to communicate effectively with others about the knowledge to be learned. Communication processes in classrooms can be supported by group support systems (GSS) that enable students to communicate anonymously and in parallel. GSS experiences suggest that the technology increases observed learning, self-reported learning, on-task participation, and satisfaction with the learning experience. This paper discusses case studies from higher education in Tanzania....
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No Abstract Available Africa Development/Afrique et developpement Vol.XXVIII, Nos 3&4, 2003: 186-210
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Climate variability; drought; coping mechanisms/strategies; biodiversity; indigenous plants; adaptation policies; farmer households; drylands; Kitui; Kenya
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Understanding and predicting temporal variations in African climate has become the major challenge facing African and African-specialist climate scientists in recent years. Whilst seasonal climate forecasts have taken great strides forward, we remain unsure of the ultimate causes of the lower frequency decadal and multi-decadal rainfall variability that affects some African climate regimes, especially in the Sahel region. This work examining the variability of African climate, especially...
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At the beginning of the twenty-first century, no environmental issue is of such truly global magnitude as the issue of climate change. The poorer, developing countries are the least equipped to adapt to the potential effects of climate change, although most of them have played an insignificant role in causing it. African countries are amongst the poorest of the developing countries. This book presents the issues of most relevance to Africa, such as past and present climate, desertification,...
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Climate change mitigation; greenhouse gas abatement; energy; forestry; capacity-building; institutional arrangements; Botswana; Tanzania; Zambia
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Global climate change policy; global climate change response strategies; regional cooperation; regional organizations; sub-Saharan Africa
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Severe environmental degradation appears to be threatening the long-term development prospects of countries all over the world, particularly the developing ones such as Nigeria. The paper reviews relevant literature and examines the process of environmental degradation via water pollution in Nigeria. While it notes that a careful management of water as a resource is essential for meeting a major demand created by accelerated urbanisation, industrialization and agricultural development, it...