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Climate proxy data and numerical models suggest that latitudinal displacements of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) occur during millennial‐scale cold events in the North Atlantic region, but the potential effects of these ITCZ movements on the climate of equatorial regions are unclear. Here we present a 5400‐year geochemical record of rainfall and drought from Lake Edward in equatorial Africa. We observe a non‐linear correlation in which drought in equatorial Africa occurs during...

Children are known to be the major reservior of urinary schistosomiasis in endemic communities. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis among school children living along the Bakalori dam.The study was a cross sectional assessment using a pre-tested standardised structured questionnaire interviews. A total of 240 pupils were recruited through a multistage sampling technique. Urine samples from the pupils were examined for the presence of ova...

INTRODUCTION The AIDS pandemic has led to the global clamouring for its control. This work was aimed at assessing the level and factors that determine the awareness of undergraduate Students of Usmanu Dandfodiyo University, Sokoto. METHODOLOGY In a descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 450 students were recruited by means of multistage and simple random sampling techniques. RESULTS Overall, there is a knowledge gap on aetiology, mode of transmission and preventive measures with only...

At least twenty silicified volcanic ash beds have been identified in the Kuibis and Schwarzrand subgroups of the terminal Proterozoic Nama Group of Namibia. Nineteen of the Nama ash beds are in the Schwarzrand Subgroup in the Witputs subbasin. Two of these are in the siliciclastic-dominated lower part of the subgroup, which consists of the Nudaus Formation and Nasep Member of the Urusis Formation and comprises two depositional sequences. Identification and correlation of these ash beds are...

This study interviewed 15 incarcerated African American males about their participation in correctional education. The data was considered in light of various motivation theories with particular emphasis on a sociocultural theory of motivation. The largest amount of data described non-educational reasons subjects participate in correctional education. These motives derived from the situated context of incarceration. A comparison of stated reasons African Americans participated in...

Abstract: Two different positions prevail in the recent discussion on the impact of education on economic growth: those who support a positive correlation between schooling and economic growth rates and those who claim that the impact of schooling on growth has been overstated. What is intriguing about this discussion is that both positions are based on theory and the results from empirical studies. We examine the long-term effects of increased school enrollment (and effective attendance) on...

In 1990, the environmental impacts of an upstream dam on the Great Brak town and estuary were assessed and a management plan and monitoring programme were devised. In a recent review of the monitoring results, planned water releases and interventions in the form of timely mouth breaching were found to have ensured that, although the estuary's abiotic functioning has altered, its biotic health has not deteriorated over the last ten years. The lessons learned are captured in the revised...

The current tuition policy of the Department of Business Management at the University of South Africa encourages, but does not compel students to submit assignments under the semester system. A relatively small percentage of students submit the voluntary assignment, thereby forfeiting the benefit of the learning experience and assessment feedback from the respective lecturers. The Department of Business Management is concerned that this voluntary assignment assessment policy impacts...

This paper analyses the average taxpayer's demand for merit goods, namely, education and health, in Mauritius, a small developing island state. To study these development-related goods, a fresh methodology is employed that captures the characteristics of the Mauritian economy. The empirical evidence relates to the post-independence period of more than three decades, 1973 to 1999 and beyond. The respective demand elasticities for each merit good are analysed and evaluated. The findings...

In May 2001, we conducted a descriptive transversal survey with a single data collection phase in 13 schools in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the awareness, attitudes, and practices of teenagers with regard to HIV/AIDS. Most respondents (66.5%) were female. Mean age was 16.32 years (range, 13 to 19 years). Most respondents stated that they had heard about AIDS and demonstrated good factual knowledge. The most frequently mentioned method of prevention was...

Orthodontic care for handicapped children in Nigeria has generally been neglected. There is a need for baseline data for effective planning of orthodontic services for this population group. The purpose of this study was to determine the need for interceptive orthodontic intervention in handicapped children in Lagos, Nigeria. The sample consisted of 106 handicapped children, 60 boys and 46 girls who were 7-10 years old, selected from 5 special schools in Lagos. Overall, forty-nine (46.2%) of...

In this article we report on what Grade 8 learners say about the new curriculum reforms in South Africa – Outcomes-based Education (OBE) and Curriculum 2005 (C2005) – that were introduced into their mathematics classrooms. The article begins by addressing what is argued to be a gap in reform research in mathematics education. It draws primarily on focus group interviews conducted with learners after having observed a series of consecutive lessons in three different previously racially...

In this paper I attempt to do three things. Firstly, I explore the concept of resistance in the sociology of youth and education. I raise questions about the power of this concept to provide a descriptive language for understanding the way young people generally, and in this paper, young African‐Caribbean men in London schools, deal with the contexts of institutional racism. I then go on to suggest the concepts of ‘resilience’ and ‘refusal’ as providing a more appropriate descriptive...

ISEE-16 Introduction/Aim: Epidemiological study results (e.g. exposure-response curves for air pollutants) obtained in developed countries cannot be extrapolated with complete confidence to developing countries. South Africa has a fragile society that might be more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution. The review focused exclusively on the chemical component of air pollution, thereby excluding the biological component. The objectives of this review were to examine the evidence...

ISEE-400 Aim: To investigate which aspects of household SES and social support are associated with stunting ages 1, 2 and 5 years in an urban South African sample from 1990. Sample: The “Birth to Twenty” birth cohort study provides the main data source. The members are urban children, of varying ethnicities, born in Johannesburg and Soweto in 1990. The study provides household socio-economic status and social support data as well as anthropometric growth data for a few thousand children....

This paper examines the socio-moralistic justification of vocational education in colonial and contemporary Ghana. In the international arena vocational education has been justified in various ways (mostly in economic terms) but in Ghana the primary reason for introducing vocational education has always been the development of socially appropriate character as a means of halting social problems such as urban migration and unemployment. The consistent sociomoralism of vocational education has...