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The late Cenozoic climate of Africa is a critical component for understanding human evolution. African climate is controlled by major tectonic changes, global climate transitions, and local variations in orbital forcing. We introduce the special African Paleoclimate Issue of the Journal of Human Evolution by providing a background for and synthesis of the latest work relating to the environmental context for human evolution. Records presented in this special issue suggest that the regional...

The Isis mud volcano is an active camembert-like mud expulsion structure in the eastern Nile deep-sea fan area. It has been investigated during the NAUTINIL (2003) and MIMES (2004) cruises carried out within the MEDIFLUX project. Active, gas-rich fluid venting occurs at the Isis mud volcano as indicated by enhanced gas content in the sediments, having a measured 7.5 mmol of methane per liter of wet sediment in the central area of the mud volcano. In addition, gas bubble expulsions have...

In this paper researchers investigate factors that lead to students choosing accountancy as a major field of study. The researchers also explore whether students who have specialised in accounting intend to pursue a career in that field, and their attitudes towards the accountancy profession and its examinations. The data employed were drawn from a survey of students who were studying for an accounting qualification at the three national tertiary institutions located in Gaborone, Botswana....

A research submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Arts Degree in Sociology

Grain production shortfalls in northern Ethiopia are commonly associated with occurrence of intra-seasonal dry spells or droughts and rapid land degradation which adversely impact crop yields. Suitable practices that use available rainwater more efficiently to mitigate impact of dry spells on crops and that protect soil are needed to stabilize and improve grain yields in the predominately rainfed agriculture. During three cropping seasons on-farm experiments tested conservation tillage...

The apartheid ideology in South Africa had a pervasive influence on all levels of education including medical undergraduate training. The role of the health sector in human rights abuses during the apartheid era was highlighted in 1997 during the Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearings. The Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) subsequently realised the importance of medical ethics education and encouraged the introduction of such teaching in all medical schools in the...

Heavy metal (cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, lead and zinc) concentrations in mangrove forests were investigated in water, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and oyster samples from the Mzinga Creek and Ras Dege mangrove stands, Tanzania, using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. With the exception of Zn, the concentrations of dissolved metals were generally less than 1μg l–1 in all samples. Higher concentrations of metals were recorded in SPM in samples from the...

This report describes the implementation and short-term results of a peer group intervention for HIV prevention on the HIV-related attitudes, knowledge and behaviours of primary school teachers in Malawi. The intervention, based on the social-cognitive learning model, took place in 2000 at two teacher training colleges with a distance-learning programme. Primary school teachers attending a final six-week training session before certification volunteered to participate. Group leaders were...

Gender balance in access to quality education is a crucial item on the agenda of the Millennium Development Goals. But this ideal appears beset by a number of barriers, especially at higher education level. This study investigated the problem of sexual harassment in the Nigerian university system as a barrier to the educational advancement of women. Specifically, the research focused on the practice of coercing female students to engage in sexual relations with male lecturers (‘phallic...

The study investigated the impact of the Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme on the phenomenon of female trafficking in South‐South Nigeria. To this end, six research questions were raised. These revolved around: (i) resource situation and adequacy of training provided for repatriated trafficked victims in the service provider centre; (ii) efforts in the formal education sector of the UBE to curb female trafficking; and (iii) parents and female students’ disposition toward female...

African-Americans must ensure each new generation the existence of a sound knowledge base that informs and elucidates the history and experiences of black people.... This is the continuing role of programs as they struggle to exist in an era of advanced technology, with rapidly changing social patterns and limited resources. The promise of ... lies in the ability to provide the foundation that supports and enriches; to nourish the vision and motivation of present and future generations; and...

Research Article| November 01, 2007 A Catalog of Main Moroccan Earthquakes from 1045 to 2005 José A. Peláez; José A. Peláez Department of Physics University of Jaén Campus de Las Lagunillas, Building A3 23071-Jaén, Spain japelaez@ujaen.es (J.A.P.) 1Department of Physics, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar M. Chourak; M. Chourak Department of Physics University of Jaén Campus de Las Lagunillas, Building A3 23071-Jaén, Spain...

Abstract This article deals with a British Academy funded pilot project carried out in December 2005 and January 2006 involving six primary schools in Eritrea. The project was led by the author, Jane Plastow, a Theatre for Development academic and practitioner, and John Holmes, an educationalist. Both partners work at Leeds University and have involvement with Eritrea dating back to soon after its independence in 1991. We worked with five Eritrean colleagues; three from the Asmara Teacher...

ABSTRACT The power of music in communicating important messages and disseminating information cannot be underestimated. Since time immemorial the rhythms of African music and drums not only entertained the masses of the people but also provided them with food for thought regarding social issues in their communities. This article examines Akan folk music popularly dubbed Hi-life in Ghana and how it has been used and continue to be used in collaboration with modern instruments in teaching...

Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was measured in black gobies (Gobius niger) collected from seven sampling sites along the Slovenian coast during spawning and non-spawning periods. Sediments from the same sites were tested for their toxicity and for total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. EROD activity was significantly higher during the non-spawning period in winter than during the spawning period in spring and generally correlated well with increased total...

Abstract Although there is an extensive and growing literature that addresses issues related to most aspects of language-in-education policy in South Africa, one area in which the literature remains fairly sparse has been that of the implications of current government policy for South African Sign Language (SASL). This article presents an overview of the complex issues presented by the case of SASL for language-in-education policy, and offers a series of recommendations for how these issues...

The IPCC recognises Africa as a whole to be “one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change because of multiple stresses and low adaptive capacity. Climate change is likely to exacerbate the dry conditions already experienced in southern Africa. And when rainfall does come, it is likely to be more intense, leading to erosion and flood damage. This will affect the poor most, with resulting constraints on employment opportunities and declining wages. But at present...

Abstract This study investigates African American college students to show the impact of role, social, and personal identities on social-psychological well-being, and compares the relationship between identity processes and academic achievement for black and white college students attending a large, urban, predominantly white public university. The findings confirm that student, ethnic, and personal identities influence self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-authenticity, but that...