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While the proximal causes of drought in the Sahel and northeast Africa are known to be due to failure of seasonal rains, possibly linked with long-range climatic changes (Tanaka et al., 1975; Winstanley, 1973; Kelley, 1975; Lamb, 1977), the more persistent problem of human adaptation and survival in increasingly man-made environments during natural disasters is only gradually being appreciated. In recent years emphasis has been placed on man's activities as the major cause of rangeland...
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The revised children's scale was administered to 291 Nigerian school children to develop reference group data for use of the scale in Nigeria and to provide data on the comparability of norms separately by sex. Alpha reliability estimates were .81 for boys and .84 for girls. Test-retest reliability coefficients were also determined and were all in the .90s.
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Spontaneous and evoked activity of neurons in the inferior colliculus of guinea pigs was recorded before and after exposure to noise (continuous or intermittent white noise, 115 dB SPL for 30 min). A single unit was investigated in each animal, and its activity was monitored for several hours. Exposure to noise elevated the threshold of the tip of the tuning curve, resulting in a broadening of the tuning curve. Threshold elevation at the characteristic frequency was greater after exposure to...
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Changes in the cochlear microphonics (CM), auditory nerve action potential (AP), and evoked responses from the inferior colliculus (IC-ER) and auditory cortex (AC-ER) of the guinea pig were assessed after exposure to white noise of 115 dB for 30 min. Both continuous and intermittent (200 ms noise and 200 ms pause) exposures were used. In comparison with the pre-exposure level, CM isopotential curves were shifted by 1.1 ±0.5 dB (x̄ ± S.E.) on the average in the range of 0.5–8 kHz (recorded at...
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Public health planners in Egypt have launched a campaign to teach mothers how to save the lives of their children by treating diarrhea with oral rehydration therapy. Timely replacement of body fluids and salts can prevent the death of diarrhea victims. Egypt needs an estimated 5 million packets of salt and sugar annually to save the children. Each packet costs less than 10 cents. The prescribed drink comprises 3.5 gm of sodium chloride (table salt), 2.5 gm of bicarbonate (baking soda), 1.5...
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A review of 150 patients with urethral strictures treated over a period of seven years at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, showed that 83 per cent of the patients were treated with a form of bouginage. Recurrence rate among this group was 65 per cent as opposed to 44 per cent among the group treated with urethroplasty. About 40 per cent of the patients obtained good to excellent results, 26 per cent rather poor results, and the rest achieved fair results. Even though...
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A pilot survey of the factors affecting infant feeding practices in rural Western Nigeria highlights intercultural perceptual problems. Results show widespread use of imported, high cost carbohydrate foods and great resistance to the early introduction of local health protective items. It is commonly thought that "too much food" is bad for a child. Staff responsible for health education are held in a degree of disrepute not conducive to the acceptance of their educational efforts in the...
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Summary The 80-item Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was given to 248 University students at Cairo University in order to study the factorial structure of this scale in Egypt. Principal factor analysis and varimax rotations of the 80 items and total scores of Psychoticism, Extraversion and Neuroticism yielded 10 factors, out of which eight are meaningful. These are: cultural responses, neuroticism, psychoticism, extraversion, physical complaints, paranoid hostility, adjustment, and manifest...