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Cet article présente une lecture des temporalités sociales au travers de « l’expérience de mixité sociale vécue » de populations de migrants caractérisées par de nouvelles pratiques de circulation : familles marocaines ayant récemment immigré ou Gitans catalans en situation transfrontalière. Nous identifions des processus de déscolarisation d’enfants dans des contextes communautaires où l’école ne peut plus assurer à elle seule la transmission des compétences culturelles et sociales pour...

Cet article présente une lecture des temporalités sociales au travers de « l’expérience de mixité sociale vécue » de populations de migrants caractérisées par de nouvelles pratiques de circulation : familles marocaines ayant récemment immigré ou Gitans catalans en situation transfrontalière. Nous identifions des processus de déscolarisation d’enfants dans des contextes communautaires où l’école ne peut plus assurer à elle seule la transmission des compétences culturelles et sociales pour...

Previous studies found educated individuals to have higher risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection in Africa. A reverse in this association was predicted. We investigated the change in this association from 1991 to 2005 in a rural population in Tanzania.Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 1991(N = 1,152, response rate 76.4%) and 2005 (N = 1,528, 73.0%). Consenting individuals aged 15 to 44 years living in Oria village were interviewed and gave blood for HIV-1...

A total of 50 fresh fecal samples were collected from children of either sex and examined by direct wet films and Telemann's concentration technique. The results were based on a single stool per person study of the total children ranging from 5-18 years of age, 8 different types of intestinal parasites were recorded. The incidence of infection with one or the other parasites was found to be 42%. Double or mixed infection was not uncommon. The infection rates of helminthes were Hymenolepis...

A total of 949 single stool samples were collected from school aged children (5-14 years old) in the city of Tripoli. The samples were preserved in 10% formalin and examined by routine microscopy using normal saline and Lugol's iodine preparations as well as the formol ethyl concentration method after a storage period of twelve months at room temperature. Of 949 samples examined 4.5% were positive. Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba coli were the only protozoan parasites identified with an...

An epidemiological survey was carried out in Tripoli district to collect baseline data on the prevalence of intestinal parasites. A sample of 486 school children aged from 5 to 14 years old provided morning stool samples as part of a pilot study of a larger national project. Questionnaires were distributed and general information on each child was recorded. Posters and leaflets were used extensively to increase the public health information and awareness about parasitosis. The results...

This study investigated the emotional and behavioral problems of orphans in Rakai District, Uganda, and to suggest interventions. Studies, elsewhere, have shown orphans to have high levels of psychological problems. However, in Uganda such studies are limited and no specific interventions have been suggested.The study employed a cross-sectional unmatched case control design to compare emotional and behavioral problems of 210 randomly selected primary school-going orphans and 210 non-orphans...

Cigarette smoking is the single most important preventable cause of non-infectious diseases. There is limited data on adolescent smoking and its determinants in developing countries.Further analysis was done on data collected in the Global Youth Tobacco Survey conducted among school-going adolescents in Lusaka, Zambia in 2002. Weighted logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between selected explanatory factors and ever smoked cigarettes.A total of 2175 students...

College students are a very vulnerable group to experience stress, the latter of which is related to a variety of outcomes, such as health and academic performance. However, there is a dearth of research examining African American college students and stress. Further, fewer studies have compared stress for students attending predominately white institutions to those attending historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). We first examined the relationships between self-esteem, social...

This paper discusses Sierra Leone’s commitment to EFA and the possibility of unintended consequences if its success is measured only by results showing quantitative gains while downplaying the decline in the quality of the education offered. Equal access to quality education is an integral part of EFA. With donors’ assistance, the government has made a strong commitment to achieve the international goal of EFA. A free primary education policy introduced in 2000 has led to rapid progress in...

Thesis (MPhil (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.

Decentralization was meant to facilitate the effective delivery of UPE in East Africa (EA). UPE and decentralization were expected to have a positive influence on primary and teacher education quality. However, despite the EA governments' commitment and the support of the Aga Khan Foundation (AKF), decentralization is weak and primary schools throughout EA are facing challenges of quality owing to UPE. Why has decentralization failed to promote school-based teacher support and revitalize...

This study evaluated the perceived impact of cigarette advertisement on smoking habit among students in selected Nigerian universities. It also investigated the influences of age and significant others on the students' smoking habit as well as the relationship between cigarette advertisement and rate of smoking. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. The sample consisted of 566 smokers (503 males and 63 females) selected from among students of six universities in southwest...

To determine the prevalence and pattern of sexual activity as well as the contraceptive practices among the selected secondary school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the selected senior secondary school students in Ibadan, following a stratified multistage random sampling technique. There were 695 respondents out of which the females constituted 51% and the males were 49%. Less than one third (28.3%) of the respondents have had previous...

Ocular diseases occur at all stages of HIV infection. Reports have documented that the prevalence of these diseases vary from region to region. Thus the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of these ocular disorders among people infected with HIV at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, NigeriaThe study was prospective in design and all patients who tested positive for HIV antibodies over a 5-year period from September 1997 to August 2002 in Dermatology and...