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In an effort to measure the value of outreach, a prospective study using an experimental comparison group design was implemented in a rural region of Tunisia, where an outreach program had been implemented in 1981 to increase contraceptive prevalence. The main components of the program included the improvement and expansion of rural health care services through mobile clinics, and the implementation of an information, education, and communication (IEC) outreach program. While the program...
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This article investigates an area of multinational corporate activity in less developed countries (LDCs) that has hithero gone unexplored, namely their training of indigenous managers and the spread of this transferred know-how throughout the host country economy. The significance of management training for the successful transfer of technology is discussed in the introduction, followed by a presentation of the methodology employed; data regarding the extent and composition of management...
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The resurvey of both a geodetic network and a levelling net was carried out in June 1981, 8 months after the Ms = 7.3 El Asnam earthquake of 10 October 1980. Previous seismological and neotectonic studies indicate that this event results from a north-east-trending overthrust complex fault of about 40-km length, which shows at least three principal segments with slightly different directions. Vertical movements, evaluated by means of a trigonometric levelling method show an uplift of the...
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Abstract The Canadian International Development Agency has co‐sponsored a number of training programmes for public servants. In this article two of the larger programmes are examined, one with the Government of Ghana, the other with Zimbabwe. The main work with Ghana was undertaken in that country: much of the work with Zimbabwe was undertaken in Canada—for different reasons and with somewhat different results. Over 400 officials have completed the basic courses (generally of 3 months...
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The nutritional status of primary school children ( N = 1453) was assessed using weight-for-height (W/H) and twenty-four hour food recall records. Using WHO standards, 21 percent of the students were within the standard W/H. Of the remainder, 71 percent were within 5 kg. of standard W/H, and 8 percent deviated more than 5 kg. from the standard W/H (5% underweight and 3% overweight). The dietary data collected from Grades 5 and 6 ( N = 425) revealed a daily food intake of 1.6, 2.8, and 7.7...
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L'enseignement de la bibliotheconomie au Nigeria face aux besoins nationaux, aux contraintes financieres, au public des bibliotheques et aux normes internationales
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An index to characterise drought in such a way that policy makers will have an objective measure to declare areas drought-stricken and to implement subsidy schemes on a fair basis has been sought. The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) has been found wanting in this respect and more crop specific indices are at present under investigation. A methodology employing the CERES-MAIZE model to assess drought impacts on maize at an early stage in the season has been developed. The model was...
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Shudofsky [1985] has established that earthquakes associated with the East African rift system have well‐constrained focal depths as great as 25–30 km. Using published heat flow measurements as a guide to the local geotherm, we find through simple stress envelope calculations that the deepest earthquakes probably occur in the lower crust in a region where the lithosphere is strong. These results are at odds with the commonly held idea that seismicity in zones of continental extension is...
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A comparative analysis of student/staff ratios (SSRs) revealed a very marked difference (2:1-5.3:1) between the most and least liberally staffed medical schools in South Africa. A study of workloads determined how the average medical teacher allocates time between teaching, clinical work, research and other activities. How medical teachers teach, their preparation for teaching, factors influencing teaching practices, teaching methods used and their attitudes to the use of educational...
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This paper describes the operation of a community-based rehabilitation programme specifically for mentally handicapped children and young adults living with their families in rural areas of Zimbabwe. Details are given of the clients enrolled in the programme and the teaching goals used with them. Evaluation data on the programme's effectiveness is also presented. Three features are identified as being central to the programme's success, 1) partnership with existing agencies in the area, 2)...
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It is now clear that the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Aids) is a major health problem affecting almost all countries of the world and particularly those in parts of sub-Saharan Africa 1,2 . Whilst medi cal technology has made possible enormous advances in the knowledge of the agent responsible, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), it is clear that both a vaccine and an effective treatment are still years away 3 . The main avenues open for limiting the spread of the disease are,...
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Stools obtained from 357 urban and 395 rural school children aged 5-11 years in Ile-Ife Nigeria were examined for the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Yersinia enterocolitica during the dry season. C. jejuni were found in stools of about 2% of the urban school children and in more than 7% of the rural children while Y. enterocolitica were found in 2.5% of the urban and 5.8% of the rural children. A higher isolation rate was seen for C. jejuni (p0.01) and for Y. enterocolitica (p0.05)...
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The Cameroon Volcanic Gas Disaster has seen yet again a number of burning issues relating to relief management. These relate to the exxasgerantion and indequacy of facts from the field, media amplification of information, inappropriate and abundant intrnational response and lack of logistic considerations. Disaster relief assessment should continue to be a top priority, no matter who performs it initially. Accurate assessment and immediate and appropriate satisfaction of the needs of victims...