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1.1 Background The Republic of Yemen is one of the poorest countries in the world. With a per capita GNI of US$550,it has a population of20.3 million(World Bank,2004).Its annual population growth of3.1 percent has weakened the impact of economic growth and social development. The2004 Human Development Index(HDI)ranks Yemen as 151st out of177 countries (UNDP,2004),which implies that education and health standards are lacking in the country in comparison to other countries. In the education...

We used a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a quantitative real-time PCR to determine the distribution of three enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) virulence-related genes in stool samples from hospital patients and school children in the Venda region of South Africa. At least one gene was found in 52 (16.5%) samples, 50 (19.6%) from hospitals and 2 (3%) from schools. The AA probe was found in 36 (69%), the aggR gene was found in 41 (79%), and the aap gene was found in 49...

Many ICT boosters are of the view that ICT on its own can promote quality teaching and learning. In line with this metaphor, the need to provide computers in the classrooms often takes precedence over training teachers to acquire skills in instructional design. However, it is evident in the instructional technology literature that good design of the learning task by the teacher is the fundamental requirement for quality teaching. This study was intended to explore the views of 90 educational...

This paper uses quantitative methods to examine the way African farmers have adapted livestock management to the range of climates found across the African continent. The authors use logit analysis to estimate whether farmers adopt livestock. They then use three econometric models to examine which species farmers choose: a primary choice multinomial logit, an optimal portfolio multinomial logit, and a demand system multivariate probit. Comparing the results of the three methods of estimating...

This paper develops the structural Ricardian method, a new approach to modeling agricultural performance using cross-sectional evidence, and uses the method to study animal husbandry in Africa. The model is intended to estimate the structure beneath Ricardian results in order to understand how farmers change their behavior in response to climate. A survey of over 5,000 livestock farmers in 10 countries reveals that the selection of species, the net income per animal, and the number of...

Africa may support a proposal to establish an L-20 because the concept recognizes the value of informal clubs in moving forward processes of global governance. However, the devil is in the details: Who would take the initiative to set up an L-20? How would membership criteria be determined? What would be the rules of engagement, and how would they be developed? These questions would be crucial in ensuring that an L-20 was based not only on shared responsibility, but also shared ownership....

An underlying assumption made in this article by Stringfield is that tests and test scores themselves are neither good nor bad. Rather, test data can either be productively or harmfully used by individuals and groups with varying social agendas. While there exist scattered examples of misuses of test score data, in this article the author focuses on three examples of test score uses that have largely resulted in have been a net public good. The examples used have been selected from the most...

This paper summarizes the methods and findings of the hydrological assessment component of the project studying likely impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in Africa. The first phase of the study used a version of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model called WatBal (Water Balance) applied to gridded data to simulate changes in soil moisture and runoff across the whole continent of Africa rather than to any particular catchment or water resource system. The model inputs...

Objective A five year retrospective review of medical records of newborns admitted for gastrointestinal surgical emergencies was done. This study was intended to see the pattern of presentation, mode of intervention and surgical outcome of these cases and for provision of feed-back to the surgeon-pediatrician team who are involved in the care of such newborns. Methods The study included cases admitted to the Neonatal Unit of the Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Tikur Anbessa...

The use of ICTs in Nigeria and African countries generally is increasing and dramatically growing. However, while there is a great deal of knowledge about how ICTs are being used in developed countries, there is not much information on how ICTs are being used by teachers in developing countries. This study examined Nigeria secondary school teachers' uses of ICTs and its implications for further development of ICTs use in Nigerian secondary schools. The study through census drawn on 700...

The use of ICTs in Nigeria and African countries generally is increasing and dramatically growing. However, while there is a great deal of knowledge about how ICTs are being used in developed countries, there is not much information on how ICTs are being used by teachers in developing countries. This study examined Nigeria secondary school teachers' uses of ICTs and its implications for further development of ICTs use in Nigerian secondary schools. The study through census drawn on 700...

This article examines the education of African American girls and women. It begins with a look at scholarship on African American girls and women published in Journal of Negro Education from its inception in 1932 to the present. Subsequently, a historical overview of the long, hard-fought struggles of educating this population for empowerment and uplift of the race is provided, including a discussion of late 19th and early 20th century schools for African American girls and women and...

Abstract In our ongoing research on edible insects in the Limpopo Province of South Africa, we have found evidence of the unsustainable harvesting of edible insects and the food plants of certain insects. The decline in the edible insect industry, together with the need for food security provides a strong incentive to investigate possible causes of problems using different knowledge systems. Any solution to these problems needs to take Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) into account if it...

Developed countries such as the United States have proposed planning frameworks for managing the impacts of drought. This paper describes a process that is a modification to these frameworks for application to developing countries in Africa. A case study for the Niger River in Mali, Africa, is used to illustrate the process. A spreadsheet based multicriterion decision analysis model is presented. The model is used to analyze the sensitivity of management alternative rankings to the type of...

To aid in selecting students for admission to undergraduate veterinary training, admissions procedures often take into account students' previous academic performance as well as the results of an interview. The study reported here investigated the relationship between personality and academic success. Students from three entry cohorts to the second year of study of a six-year BVSc program at the University of Pretoria completed the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire. A meta-analytic...

This paper reviews research on the returns to education in Tanzania, both financial and non-financial, and considers whether these returns translate into poverty reduction. It looks at reasons why achievement of high primary enrolment rates in the past did not lead to the realisation of the associated developmental outcomes, considering factors both within and beyond the education system. Achieving mass access at the expense of quality appears to have had a negative impact on equality. The...