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No Abstract Available Huria: Journal of the Open University of Tanzania Vol.5 2003:58-68

No Abstract Available Huria: Journal of the Open University of Tanzania Vol.5 2003: 69-81

Context: The continued poor reproductive health behaviour and outcomes among youths informed the investigation of the knowledge, attitudes, sexual behaviour, outcomes and care-seeking among university students in Zaria, north western Nigeria. Methods: Using a cross-sectional descriptive study design, self-administered structured questionnaires were administered to a sample of 400 undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University students drawn by multi-staged sampling to collect information...

Background: There is a global trend towards early onset of sexual activity among youths with consequences of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies. The study was therefore conducted to assess sexual activity, knowledge and perception of risk, use of protective measures and prevalence of high-risk sexual behaviour among students of tertiary institutions in Kano, Northern Nigeria. Methods: Structured, close-ended questionnaires were administered to 300 students of...

A prospective study of serum lipids in pre dialysis chronic renal failure (CRF) patients in the Jos university teaching hospital over a twelve month period undertaken to determine the pattern of lipid abnormalities associated with this disease. Lipids were measured in the fasting state using standard methods in 67 patients with CRF and 50 healthy controls. The means of total cholesterol and triglyceride were similar in both groups. The mean HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in the...

Background: The Fine needle aspiration technique is frequently done in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital for swellings from any anatomical site of the body. Objective: This paper is aimed at highlighting the importance of the technique in the diagnosis of tumours in any health care institution. Methods: A prospective study of 213 cases of fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosed tumours between December2000 and February 2002 at the Histopathology Department. The patients present...

To determine the prevalence and types of refractive errors seen among students of Girls' Secondary School, Akegbe Ugwu in Nkanu West Local Government area of Enugu State, Nigeria.A questionnaire documented the students' personal data, their chief complaints and past ocular history. This was followed by unaided visual acuity assessment then assessment with pinhole, anterior segment examination, fundoscopy, non-cycloplegic objective and subjective refraction in those found to have an unaided...

Understanding the changing rainfall pattern in northern Nigeria and its effects on soil processes and the environment is of critical importance in the assessment and management of a given ecology. Although a general decrease in annual rainfall since the late 1960s that continued into the new millenium has been observed in this zone, rainfall intensities have increased generally over the past 43 years. Correlation coefficients of monthly average rainfall with annual rainfall showed...

Objectives: We assessed 85 patients with type II diabetes mellitus to determine the proportion of hypertension in accordance with WHO criteria. Other clinical parameters such as fundoscopic examination and urinalysis were carried out. Methods: A cross-sectional study of hypertension in type II diabetic patients in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria Results: Forty-two of the patients were hypertensive with only 28 (32.9%) previously diagnosed and were on treatment. Age of patient,...

Humankind has not yet discovered a way to prevent drought entirely. Hence, the provision of timely and accurate climate and weather information can help rural and semiurban producers to better prepare for and mitigate the effects of insufficient precipitation (IRI, 2001). Communicating drought information to remote rural populations, however, has been a major challenge in Africa (Stern and Easterling, 1999). Seasonal rainfall forecasts, precipitation, and stream flow monitoring products, key...

Objective: To determine the prevalence and intensity of malaria parasitaemia in clinically diagnosed paediatric patients in jos university teaching hospital, and to see if there is any correlation between the parasite density and the ages of the patients Study population/methods: Consisted of blood samples from 300 children aged between 0-14 years attending the Emergency Paediatric Unit and Paedratic Out-patient Department of theu Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos, with sign /symptoms...

Objectives: A five year retrospective analysis of hospital death was undertaken to ascertain the pattern of mortality and trends of hospital admission. Methods: All record of death in hospital admission were record between 1995-1999. Demographic information were obtained from the patient files. The data were broken into diagnosis, age range, mean age for each group at intervals of 5years, percentage of death for each ward were determined. Result: A total of seventy thousand two hundred and...

In Ethiopia, 85% of the population is engaged in agriculture (CSA, 1999). Agriculture supplies a significant proportion of the raw materials for the agro-industries, and accounts for 52% of the gross product and 90% of the export earnings. A wide range of climatic, ecological, and socioeconomic diversities influence Ethiopian agriculture. The dependency of most of the population on rain-fed agriculture has made the country’s economy extremely vulnerable to the effects of weather and climate,...

Objective: To describe the demographic characteristics and anatomical distribution of skin malignancy as seen at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed cases of skin cancer diagnosed between January 1991 and December 2000 in the Histopathology Department of University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. Results: A total of 313 cases of skin malignancy were histopathogically diagnosed. The male, female ratio was 1:5.1 and the peak age incidence...

Agriculture is the mainstay of Kenya’s economic development and accounts for about 30% of the country’s gross domestic product, 60% of export earnings, and 70% of the labor force. This sector is the largest source of employment (Government of Kenya, 1995). More than 85% of the population survives in one way or the other on agricultural activities (crops and livestock). Agriculture in Kenya is mainly rain-fed, with little irrigation. About 46% of the rural population live below the poverty...

Hundreds of millions of people in the world today do not enjoy food security—they do not have “access . . . at all times to enough food for an active and healthy life” (World Bank, 1986). Many of these individuals are among the quarter-billion people living in the climatically vulnerable drylands of sub-Saharan Africa (UNSO/UNDP, 1997). The drought of the early 1970s was responsible for 100,000 deaths in the Sahel and 200,000 deaths in Ethiopia (Sen, 1981) and was soon followed by another...