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For tsetse (Glossina spp.), the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiases, the physiological mechanisms linking variation in population dynamics with changing weather conditions have not been well established. Here, we investigate high- and low-temperature tolerance in terms of activity limits and survival in a natural population of adult Glossina pallidipes from eastern Zambia. Due to increased interest in chilling flies for handling and aerial dispersal in sterile insect technique...
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AbstractBackground: Carcinoma of the cervix is one of the commonest cancers of women. It representsabout 12%of all cancers in females, and more than half of them die from it. There are clearevidences that cytological screening programs are effective in reducing morbidity and mortalityfrom the disease. Cancer prevention consciousness in developing countries is low and mostpatients seek consultation only at advanced stages.Objective: This survey was undertaken to elicit information on the...
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This paper challenges the assumption that once water and sanitation facilities are provided, everyone in the community has access to them. Drawing on detailed case studies from Ethiopia, the paper shows how two groups with critical needs for safe water and sanitation: those with HIV (PLWHA) and those with physical disabilities (PWDs), face severe access constraints. Findings revealed that both groups need more water, and need latrines more than others, yet their access to available...
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Prospective cross sectional study was undertaken to assess the bacterial profile and antimicrobial resistance pattern of catheterized urinary tract infection in comparison with non-catheterized UTI in Jimma University Teaching Hospital, Southwest, Ethiopia.One hundred and twenty patients, 30 catheterized (age range 20-78 years, male to female ratio 0.36:1) and 90 non-catheterized patients (age range 7-60 years, male to female ratio 2:1) with symptoms and signs of UTI were investigated for...
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Since it is clear that educating girls is necessary for both poverty reduction and social development in sub-Saharan Africa, a more effective and comprehensive approach to encourage African girls to stay in the classroom is needed. Schools must be made more “girl friendly.”While non-governmental organizations (NGOs) such as WaterAid and Water 1st International as well as foundations like Ryan’s Well focus on bringing water and sanitation facilities to developing countries, they do not have a...
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This paper analyzes the role of the leadership in the economic growth in Rwanda, a country that was seriously affected by civil war and the 1994 genocide. It appears that the will and the clear vision of the leadership in Rwanda were one of the central pillars of the very good economic and social performances in Rwanda. This is particularly important because the country has almost no natural resources and the economy and its fundamentals were completely destroyed by the 1994 genocide. This...
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AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF EDUCATION LEADERS IN THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS By Ronald Pierson Thomas The purpose of this case study is to understand the role that K-8 principals play in improving the academic performance of African American students. I want to discover what school leaders should do to reach, understand, encourage and to motivate African American students to achieve. This case study will examine the role of leadership and how school leadership...
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This study contrasted the perspectives of 101 K–12 public school teachers and 271 African American high school seniors regarding the characteristics of outstanding teachers. Data from surveys were analyzed using univariate and bivariate statistics. The results revealed six qualities that both teachers and students agree are characteristics of outstanding teachers. Significant differences also emerged among the perspectives of African American students, teachers of color, and White teachers...
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This paper is based on a doctorate study that investigated curricular and teacher-training implications of the quality of texts used in the teaching and learning of science in Ugandan secondary schools. In most sub-Saharan Africa, science and technology are prioritised as the key to modernisation of the economies from agricultural to industrial-based. Unfortunately, despite such attempts as giving special incentives to science teachers and students to improve enrolment, teaching, learning,...
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In 1987, the Government of Ghana embarked on a set of educational reforms which culminated in the reduction of pre-tertiary education from 17 to 12 years and the introduction of measures to improve access, equity and quality at all levels of the educational system. The reforms focused primarily on basic education, which had undergone a decade of decline in quality, but higher levels of education were also given some attention. The reforms were launched at a time of a severe economic downturn...
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As a researcher in the area of graduate student development, I am often intrigued by the experiences of students who travail the doctoral process successfully, especially those who have received degrees from historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). As both an African American doctoral degree holder and a baccalaureate degree recipient from a historically Black university, I am familiar with both experiences. I have also listened to the experiences of African American mentors and...