Your search

The note examines the practical, and literate skills that students acquire at different levels in West African Koranic schools. It is a long-standing parallel system of education, yet, relatively unknown to development planers, thus seldom taken into explicit account in their policies, and strategies. Islamic educational systems have been present since the seventh century, and by the tenth century, communities of Muslim merchants, and scholars were established in many commercial centers...

Carbonate commonly accumulates in weathering profiles developed on noncalcareous parent material under arid and semiarid climatic conditions. Such weathering profile types are widespread in Morocco, making it critical to know the sources of the calcium in order to understand the genesis of carbonate‐rich soils. In this study, we use 87 Sr/ 86 Sr as a geochemical tracer of the Ca sources in weathering profiles developed on volcanic rocks (basalt, tuff, andesite and latite) in the...

This study explored the attitudes of biomedical science students (medical students) in a non-Western setting towards three medical ethics concepts that are based on fundamental Western culture ethical principles. A dichotomous (agree/disagree) response questionnaire was constructed using Western ethnocentric culture (WEC) based perspectives of informed consent, confidentiality, and substitute decision-making. Hypothesized WEC-Biased responses were assigned to the questionnaire's questions or...

We aimed to measure the impact of a structured health education programme on the incidence of infectious disease in young children of a rural Gambian village. In a prospective intervention study, mothers of children under 3 years living in a rural West African village without running water (population 1600) were divided into two groups by site of residence. Group 1 (n = 70) received a fortnightly education talk on hand-washing and skin hygiene, and group 2 (n = 84) on family planning. The...

The general thesis of this paper is that external factors, such as affiliation to a university, can be used to improve teacher training programmes. The specific issues discussed deal with quality control and assurance. The University of Botswana (UB) is used as a case study. Concepts and terms used are defined, and the key role that quality control and assurance plays is described and discussed. Their impact is evaluated in three fields — courses offered, final examinations and teaching...

African Americans are disproportionately affected by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). New treatments that slow the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection offer hope for individuals living with HIV/AIDS, but lack of access to care and poor treatment adherence remain significant obstacles to HIV treatment. This study investigated the association between education literacy to HIV treatment adherence and barriers to care among African Americans living with...

Abstract Considerable research in medical anthropology has been concerned with the distinction between disease and illness, and this framework has also influenced studies of disability though the 1980s and 1990s. Nevertheless, nearly all of these studies have considered only Western concepts of disability, usually with reference only to Western cultures and often with reference to Western health care systems. Few anthropological studies have considered non‐Western concepts and contexts of...

Putting Islam to Work: Education, Politics, and Religious Transformation in Egypt. Gregory Starrett. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. xvi. 308 pp., index, bibliography, notes.

To determine the prevalence of secondary (symptomatic) epilepsy and to ascertain levels of seizure control and intellectual function in a clinic population of children drawn from a poor community in a temperate region of South Africa.Detailed review of the records of every child with recurrent seizures who attended a special epilepsy outpatient clinic during 1995.A total of 1,017 children was studied. In 432 (43%), there was historic, clinical, and radiologic evidence to suggest that...

Xhosa, Zulu, and colored students in South Africa did not differ on depression scores, but there was some evidence that the pattern of the symptoms of depression differed among the three groups.

To determine the number of surgeons trained by the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, since its inception in 1967.This was a retrospective (1975-1987) and prospective study (1988-1999).Kenyatta National Hospital, a National Referral Hospital and University of Nairobi Teaching Hospital.All surgeons trained by the Department of Surgery of the University of Nairobi for postgraduate MMed in general surgery, anaesthesia, ENT surgery and...

A survey of the literature will undoubtedly show that the last two decades have witnessed a proliferation of research studies on occupational stress among educational personnel, and that interest in this area has not abated. Unfortunately, little is known about occupational stress in many developing societies because a preponderance of these studies have been carried out in industrialized and developed societies where conditions may be dissimilar to those obtaining in developing societies....

One major contribution of Kenneth Onwuka Dike to historiography, which has not been fully appreciated and internalised by our social (including the population) sciences, is that there is an African viewpoint.Dike's special contribution was to elaborate this viewpoint in history, working out the special methodologies that went with it.This noninternalisation of the Dike lesson would not be surprising, for even the authentic history of Africa the UNESCO General History of Africa started in...

The aims of this study were to measure the distribution, prevalence and the severity of malocclusion and treatment need amongst randomly selected (n = 703) rural and urban Nigerian children aged 12-18 years (mean 14.0 +/- 1.84) using the dental aesthetic index (DAI), and to assess whether malocclusion was affected by age, gender and socio-economic background. Data were collected according to the method recommended by WHO. Most of the children (77.4 per cent) had a dental appearance which...

In the last three decades, the influence of solar activity on earth seismicity is one of the most important subjects in the field of long-term prediction of earthquakes. In the present work, the autocorrelation and power spectra analysis were applied for the sequences of sunspots and earthquakes activity. The used data are the worldwide earthquakes of M ⩾ 5, and the sunspots number Rz, for the period 1903–1985. Both are available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA,...

Schistosomiasis is a major health problem in school-age children in much of the tropical world. They harbour the most intense infections for both Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium. In Egypt, the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) has implemented a successful school-based treatment programme in which children are screened and those found to be infected treated with praziquantel. High nonenrolment rates in some rural areas have a negative impact on the coverage of this programme and...