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This study touches upon the impact of academic training and preparation on Music teacher’s academic performance. It apparently pinpoints the teachers’ needs for suitable training courses. A special questionnaire was designed as a major tool to achieve the purpose of this study. The questionnaire, which aimed at eliciting responses from a number of Music teachers, has yielded the following results: 1. Teachers’ teaching skills have enhanced by 74%. 2. Teachers have learned new teaching...

Purpose This paper examines the impact of smoking menthol cigarettes among secondary students, primarily African Americans, across five measures of smoking behavior. Methods Data were gathered from a 2006 survey of six secondary schools in a large urban area in the southeastern United States. Ordered logit analysis is employed to estimate race and menthol effects on cigarette consumption. Results African American youth smoke at lower rates than white adolescents; menthol smokers consume...

A report submitted to the Institute of Open and Distance Learning Kampala International University in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements for the Award of Bachelors Degree in Early Childhood and Primary Education.

This paper outlines a research project which was conducted on the theme of ‘Education for sustainable development: Enhancing quality and relevance of education for all’. The study was part of a partnership of five southern African universities who joined forces in a research programme under the support of the SADC Regional Environmental Education Programme based at Howick in South Africa. The aim of the research programme was to contribute to the debate on how Education for Sustainable...

Objective: As a baseline for a series of studies on HIV-associated dementia (HAD), we sought to assess the usefulness of the recently developed International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) as a screening tool for HAD or HIV-associated cognitive impairment (HACI) in HIV-positive adults in Yaoundé-Cameroon. Design: The frequency of HAD/HACI is largely unknown in resource-limited countries. In Cameroon, few studies suggest that HAD may be frequent but no specific study had so far investigated the...

This article analyses the language in education policy of Zimbabwe. It attempts to highlight the factors that informed the formulation of this policy, as well as the challenges and constraints that have affected its implementation. The country's language in education policy can be traced back to the colonial history of the country, when formal education was introduced by missionaries. Since then, unconvincing efforts have been made to improve the policy; and because of a number of challenges...

A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year university students in Malawi to determine distributions of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, and sexual behaviours. A total of 314 (199 male and 115 female) students were eligible to participate, and of these 221 (70.4%) participated in the survey. Generally, levels of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge were similar between sexes. Overall, 68.9% of students of both sexes felt that they knew enough about HIV/AIDS. Altogether, 83.3% of students...

A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year university students in Malawi to determine distributions of HIV / AIDS-related knowledge, and sexual behaviours. A total of 314 (199 male and 115 female) students were eligible to participate, and of these 221 (70.4%) participated in the survey. Generally, levels of HIV / AIDS-related knowledge were similar between sexes. Overall, 68.9% of students of both sexes felt that they knew enough about HIV / AIDS. Altogether, 83.3% of students...

This article explores the extent to which funding is used to steer the public higher education sector towards meeting the social, political and economic imperatives of post-1994 South Africa. It argues that the design of the funding framework influenced the direction of higher education after 1994, and that funding mechanisms explicitly or implicitly further both the public and the private good dimensions of higher education. It suggests that the previous funding mechanisms in South African...

The study examined the influence of some selected socio-economic and prestige factors on the career aspirations of secondary school students in Ghana. Variations in the influence of the factors on students’ career aspirations based on their demographiccharacteristics were also investigated. Participants consisted of 1075 males and 1265 females (N=2340) randomly selected from 22 senior secondary schools through a multistaged stratified sampling. A survey instrument with a Cronbach Alpha...

This study was carried out to correlate the antibiotic consumption rates with the antibiotic resistance rates of uropathogens in Lagos University Teaching Hospital.Urine specimens obtained over 18 months (between January 2005 and June 2006) were processed for microscopy culture and sensitivity, and records of antibiotics dispensed during the same periods were reviewed. Significant bacteriuria was performed by the standard loop method. Isolation and identification of organisms was by standard...

We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of hearing loss among 1,500 Nigerian schoolchildren aged 9 to 15 years who had chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). We also attempted to ascertain the effect that this hearing loss had on their academic performance. The study population was drawn from three schools in different socioeconomic tiers-low (n = 300), medium (n = 400), and high (n = 800). Overall, CSOM was present in 35 of these children (2.3%)-12 from the...

Objective To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a community-based universal infant hearing screening programme for detecting permanent congenital and early-onset hearing loss (PCEHL) in Lagos, Nigeria.Methods This is a cross-sectional study in which all infants aged 3 months or under attending four bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunization clinics accounting for over 75% of the BCG coverage in the study location were screened by community health workers between July 2005 and...

Makgabaneng is an entertainment–education radio serial drama written and produced in Botswana to promote prevention of HIV. This effort is part of the national response to HIV/AIDS. Broadcast of the serial drama began in August 2001, and two new 15-minute episodes air each week. We examined associations between exposure to Makgabaneng and outcomes related to HIV testing, including stigmatizing attitudes, intention to be tested, talking with a partner about testing, and testing for HIV, among...

The United Nations’ launch of the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development in 2005 has focused international attention on the concept of education for sustainable development (ESD). This paper covers the emergence of ESD in relation to environmental education in South Africa. It critiques the core concept, sustainable development, and identifies a trend in ESD to de-value a knowledge base, particularly in relation to the natural environment. A sociology of knowledge perspective is...

<h3>Background:</h3> There is a lack of data on injury and its social correlates among in-school adolescents in Africa. <h3>Objectives:</h3> To estimate the prevalence of injury among adolescents in six African countries, and to examine the consistency of associations cross-nationally between sociodemographics, social risk factors, and the occurrence of adolescent injury in Africa. <h3>Design:</h3> Cross-sectional national data from the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in...

The aim of this study was to investigate social support including daily activities in a sample of secondary school students at low and high risk for suicide in Cape Town, South Africa. The sample included 1,157 students (Grade 9, 28.2%, Grade 10, 43.3%, and Grade 11, 28.4%); 30.9% were boys and 69.1% were girls, M age = 15.8 yr. (SD = 1.6). The racial background was mainly Coloured (from mixed descent) (84.6%) with a minority of African Black (10.5%), White, (2.1%), and Indian/ Asian (1.8%)....