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Abstract Geoarchaeological and chronological evidence from the remote Gilf Kebir Plateau in southwest Egypt suggests a new model for the influence of early and mid‐Holocene precipitation regimes on land‐use strategies of prehistoric settlers in what is now the center of the largest hyperarid area on earth. We hypothesize that the quantitatively higher, daytime, monsoon summer rainfall characteristic of the early Holocene (9300–5400 14 C yr B.P./8400–4300 yr B.C.) resulted in less grass...

Evaluation of health care in developing countries from a Western perspective is masking the failures of market based reforms

This paper investigated the position of school libraries in the Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme policy of the Federal Government of Nigeria. Relevant studies were reviewed and school library standards discussed. The review shows that school library system in Nigeria was abysmally poor. The paper recommends that the Nigerian Library Association and the Nigerian School Library Association should put pressure on the Government to speed up the passage into law the two per cent from the...

Using the 1998 Malawi census data, this paper examined the level of orphanhood, the pattern of living arrangements and the effect of poverty on the school enrolment of children in Malawi during a period when adult HIV/AIDS prevalence had reached epidemic proportions. Results show that the proportion of orphans increases with age. By the age of 14, more than two per cent of children have lost both parents, about 11 per cent have lost a father and about 6.5 per cent have lost a mother. The...

Different drought/famine management strategies at household and macro-levels were studied. The results show that there is no single correct way ahead and there is no ready-made strategy to cope with recurrent droughts and famines. A critical analysis of the household coping strategies reveals that not all rural households are equally vulnerable to droughts and famines. The study indicates also that in response to the degrading production environment, farmers become more provident and employ...

The library is an important tool for individuals' intellectual development. In particular, academic libraries often contain the core resources for research, teaching and learning. This study focused on the use of library and information resources by distant learning (part-time) students of three Nigerian universities. The randomly selected students were in 300-500 levels in the faculties running the programmes. The questionnaire and observation methods were used for data collection. The...

The study investigated the extent to which students with disabilities were coping with the inclusive educational setting at one university in Zimbabwe. In particular, it aimed at tracing these students' perceptions towards their mainstream peers and lecturers, as well as determining the extent to which the university accommodated them into its various degree programmes. Data were gathered through a study of the institution's student admissions records over a period of eight years (1995–2002)...

We explore young working women's perceptions of marriage and work in contemporary Egypt, when an increase in age at marriage was evident from national survey data. Both working conditions and employment opportunities declined significantly for young women even as their educational attainment increased and marriage was delayed. In‐depth interviews were conducted over a 2‐year period between 1998 and 2000 with 27 young women between the ages of 15 and 29 who were from relatively poor families...

There are few reports of systematic international physician development programs to create family medicine as a new specialty in a developing nation. This paper describes the process and outcomes of a large-scale effort to initiate new family medicine training through the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) using a 12-week US-based program at the University of California, Irvine (UCI).Generalist physicians (n=134) with 1 year of internship training, currently working under the...

Thirty-one learners aged 6–16 were selected using purposive sampling, with the aim of investigating their understanding of death.
 
 Opsomming
 Een-en-dertig leerders tussen 6 en 16 jaar is geselekteer met die doel om hulle begrip van dood te ondersoek.
 
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The photograph is published in: Rhodesia-Nyasaland Royal Commission Report. Presented to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, March, 1939. London: H.M.S.O., 1939. The Rhodesia-Nyasaland Royal Commission arrived at Bulawayo on 16 May 1938, moved to Nyasaland (now called Malawi), reaching Zomba on 17 June, thence to Northern Rhodesia (now called Zambia) on 8 July, returning to Salisbury on 14 August and leaving Rhodesia on 20th. Crown Copyright Photograph.

The photograph is published in: Rhodesia-Nyasaland Royal Commission Report. Presented to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, March, 1939. London: H.M.S.O., 1939. The Rhodesia-Nyasaland Royal Commission arrived at Bulawayo on 16 May 1938, moved to Nyasaland (now called Malawi), reaching Zomba on 17 June, thence to Northern Rhodesia (now called Zambia) on 8 July, returning to Salisbury on 14 August and leaving Rhodesia on 20th. Crown Copyright Photograph.

Postgraduate medical training in Nigeria has been in dire straits for about two decades now. That it has continued to survive, is a tribute to the average resident doctor who has become immunized, and who has grown a thick skin of armour, as well the spirit of altruism of the medical teachers--consultants (young and old), who despite odds, have kept their focus clear, above the murky waters of national distraction and daunting socio economic challenges.A review of relevant literature on...

Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children aged five years and below. Risk factors for severe protein energy malnutrition (PEM) have been identified as ignorance, family size, mothers and fathers education, poverty, residence, chronic infections, and congenital defects or malformations. The role of such social factors as the caretaker, extended family, homestead surroundings, and family cohesiveness have not been studied in Kenya.To determine the social...

To determine the carriage rates of potential pathogens in the lower genital tract and factors associated with colonization among women with incomplete abortion.A cross-sectional study.The Manual Vacuum Aspiration room of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.Two hundred women undergoing Manual Vacuum Aspiration at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital.Eligible patients were screened for the presence of organisms in the lower genital tract by microscopy and culture of high vaginal and...

The aim of this study was to evaluate an HIV-related risk reduction programme for heterosexual university students using a pre-post test intervention design. Participants included 814 university students, of which 351 (43.1 %) were males and 423 (52.0 %) were females with a mean age of 19.3 years (SD=2.6). Results indicated that HIV-related knowledge; condom knowledge and risk perception were enhanced by the HIV- related risk reduction programme. However, there is a need for improvement,...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of khadori students, towards participation in physical activities. Furthermore, determine the differences in these attitudes according to gender, education program, specialization, academic level, and sport practices variables. A modified Kinon scale was used for collecting data. The sample of the study was consisted of (135) male and female students. The results revealed appositive attitudes, where the percentage of response for the...

Malaria and intestinal helminthiasis are parasitic diseases causing high morbidity and mortality in most tropical parts of the world, where climatic conditions and sanitation practices favour their prevalence. These infections do co-exist and have different effects on infected individuals.To assess the level of endemicity of malaria and helminth infections in school children of the Kumba Urban Area of Cameroon, and to determine how these infections relate to each other.Cross sectional...