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Restructuring an education system provides an opportunity to select appropriate programmes for schooling. This thesis develops principles to select an appropriate vocational education for schools in Papua New Guinea. History and past programmes in developed and developing countries have provided a comparison of examples where successful elements and problems have been associated with acceptance of vocational education. Developed countries have highly advanced vocational education systems...
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In the latest version of the National Curriculum there is an increased emphasis on citizenship that will allow a more coherent approach to the development of pupils into better-informed citizens. By 2002, citizenship will be statutory at all key stages. Within design and technology there is enormous scope for addressing the subject of citizenship. The author received an award from On T h e Line to carry out the research and produce a design and technology teaching resource on aspects of...
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To determine the impact of deworming on anaemia as part of a large-scale school-based anthelmintic treatment programme in the Tanga Region of the United Republic of Tanzania.Both the reduction in the prevalence of anaemia and the cost per case prevented were taken into consideration. Cross-sectional studies involved parasitological examination and anaemia evaluation before and at 10 months and 15 months after schoolchildren were dewormed.Baseline studies indicated that the prevalence of...
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A recent World Bank report sums up the condition of the typical Ethiopian woman as follows: She is a victim of her situation, without the capacity to initiate change within the quagmire of her poverty, high fertility, poor health and domestic drudgery (cited in Ethiopia, NPA, April 1995, pp. 14-15). Generally speaking, most Ethiopian women live in impoverished subsistence. They are expected to marry early, and bear many children. They lack knowledge of hygiene, nutrition or family planning....
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Mutations of the connexin 26 gene (GJB2) were studied in 365 apparently unrelated individuals with profound nonsyndromic, sensorineural hearing impairment from Ghana, West Africa. Among 121 mutated chromosomes found, 110 carried the previously described R143W mutation. A total of 6 novel mutations: L79P, V178A, R184Q, A197S, I203K, and L214P, were identified, whereby I203K was based on a dinucleotide exchange and R184Q appeared to be dominant. The GJB2 variants found in Ghana tend to...
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AbstractIn South Africa's HIV/AIDS epidemic, young people, especially women, are at high risk due to an apparent gap between awareness and practice. In repeated peergroup discussions with girls aged 14–15 and boys aged 16–19, we explored influences on safe sex behaviour. Separate male and female safe sex paradigms emerged, with boys less likely to perceive themselves as ‘at risk’ and more likely to use condoms. Girls had not used condoms, would have preferred to delay sexual relationships...
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In 1989, when the National Islamic Front came to power, some 32 percent of university students in Sudan were female. In 2000 not only had the number of institutions of higher education and the absolute number of students increased, but the proportion of female students had almost doubled, to about 60 percent. While the increase in the number of educational institutions and student enrolment at tertiary level can be attributed to the regime's set of ideologies and educational policies, the...
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Drought is a recurrent and often devastating threat to the welfare of countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) where three-quarters of the arable land has less than 400 mm of annual rainfall, and the natural grazings, which support a majority of the 290 million ruminant livestock, have less than 200 mm. Its impact has been exacerbated in the last half century by the human population increasing yearly at over 3%, while livestock numbers have risen by 50% over the quinquennium....