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The Brown v. Board of Education decision defined public education for African Americans in the United States. In this article I discuss the tradition of African American parental involvement in the pre-Brown era, challenges to parental involvement in a post-Brown era, and a parental involvement initiative in an urban elementary school. I conclude with a discussion of the continued imperative for African American parental involvement and some implications for leadership.

The aim of the Senegal Pilot Female Literacy Project was to raise the literacy rates of populations in Dakar and the more developed areas and, most importantly, to remote areas that cannot be reached via traditional mass literacy campaigns. The pilot, begun in 1995 and concluded in 2000, was designed to support the Senegalese government in strengthening efforts through partnership with other groups to raise national literacy rates, particularly for women, beyond the currently stagnant...

The aim of the Senegal Pilot Female Literacy Project was to raise the literacy rates of populations in Dakar and the more developed areas and, most importantly, to remote areas that cannot be reached via traditional mass literacy campaigns. The pilot, begun in 1995 and concluded in 2000, was designed to support the Senegalese government in strengthening efforts through partnership with other groups to raise national literacy rates, particularly for women, beyond the currently stagnant...

The aim of the Senegal Pilot Female Literacy Project was to raise the literacy rates of populations in Dakar and the more developed areas and, most importantly, to remote areas that cannot be reached via traditional mass literacy campaigns. The pilot, begun in 1995 and concluded in 2000, was designed to support the Senegalese government in strengthening efforts through partnership with other groups to raise national literacy rates, particularly for women, beyond the currently stagnant...

This article focuses on the government's higher education policy trajectory during the post apartheid period. The central argument of the article is that government policy ought to be examined in the light of a struggle over aligning the higher education policy discourse with the government's chosen macro development path. Policy activity has to be understood in the context of an emerging "policy force field" during the 1990s, which circumscribed the government's ability to act decisively in...

The importance of innovation in higher education is recognised in South African educational discourse. The South African White Paper on Science and Technology, issued in September 1996 and entitled, Preparing for the 21st Century, states that, "... the White Paper is built upon the twin concepts of 'innovation' and a 'national system of innovation'". The National Plan for Higher Education (2001) recently unveiled by the Ministry of Education, also places great emphasis on innovation....

The notion "literacy" is changing to encompass the concept of "multiple literacies". There are various forces, especially social and cultural forces, which used determined the definition literacy and in this new millenium one can merely predict which possible cultural forces will now shape the nature of literacies. In South Africa there are various cultural forces such as the growing influence of technology at work which might influence literacies in future. It is important that higher...

This article presents the results of a recent investigation at the University of South Africa that attempted to identify the post-enrolment factors that lecturers and students see as having important influences on students' success in undergraduate Business Studies courses. Data were gathered from students enrolled in all years of the BCom degree and from lecturers in one department servicing that degree. Various forms of analysis revealed a strong agreement between lecturers and students on...

Lesotho and Turkey are two developing countries, both relatively deficient in educational resources B one in Southern Africa, and the other straddling the continents of Europe and Asia in the Middle East. This study reports and compares the priorities and responses of (a) 172 Turkish science teachers, lecturers and students, and (b) 171 Lesotho science educators and students, to 20 literature-derived recommendations for improving science education in the two countries. Both quantitative and...

This article investigates sexual harassment issues by means of an in depth literature review and by analyzing and comparing the sexual harassment policies of selected universities in South Africa. Various alternatives that categorize sexual harassment are proposed in order to form a clear perspective on the different viewpoints that currently exist in this regard. The Authors investigate literature on policy and show that the development of a policy should not be viewed as a non-recurrent...

To assess the common methods of analgesia used in our hospital following caesarean section, their effectiveness and patient satisfaction.A prospective descriptive study.The study was conducted at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITII), Ilorin, Nigeria over a period of 18 months (February 1999 - July 2000).We studied prospectively the methods used for postoperative analgesia in 88 consecutive patients who had elective caesarean section under general anaesthesia. Pain assessment...

This note summarizes the methodology, challenges and lessons learned in the planning, management and organization of the Contracting Training Program (CTP) in Lesotho. The Contractor Training Program (CTP) started in 1994 with the main objective to phase out force account procedures for carrying out rural road maintenance, which were neither efficient nor cost effective. Some of the lessons learned are : CTPs need long term expensive TA, and adequate attention is needed for the selection and...

In the high profile competitive world of global sport, the athlete is from a relatively young age under exorbitant pressure to excel, compete successfully in the international arena and develop as a person and professionally. The South African athlete faces unique challenges in this regard and requires special nurturing and development to achieve personal, professional and sports-related success. This paper explores the unique social and competitive world of the athlete by analyzing data...

Amongst the personality dispositions, sensation seeking (SS) has special relevance in explaining and predicting types of risk-related behaviours, such as participation in sports containing high risk and even danger. The prevalence of risk-taking in the context of sport, and the impact of gender, was the objective of the present study. All subjects were administered the Sensation-Seeking Scales of Zuckerman Form II and V (SSS-II & V). The results show that male sports participants are...

Background: The problem of visual impairment among school children is so prevalent that it greatly reduces children's ability to study and attend classes and finally leads to the formation of grave social consequences. As it is seen from hospital reports, quite a considerable number of school children are suffering from some form of refractive errors, which could be easily corrected by the application of appropriate glasses. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of visual impairment due to...

Bone tumours are relatively rare tumours as compared with all other tumours. The relative frequency has not been well documented in this environment. The aim of the study was to define the frequency of primary malignant bone tumours in an African University teaching hospital in Ibadan. The medical records of 114 patients with malignant bone tumours recorded in the Cancer Registry of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria between January 1977 and December 2000 were reviewed...

Cataract is the most common cause of curable blindness in Nigeria. Nigeria has an overall population of approximately 110 million with a blindness prevalence rate of 1%. Cataract is responsible for 30 – 60% of the blindness. A great deal of blindness prevention activity should therefore center around cataract surgery if we Are to clear out cataract backlog of over ½ a million individuals. Only 106 cataract surgeries were performed in the 24 months reviewed. There were 75 males and 31...

The efficacy of ECT in the treatment of Schizophrenia was investigated in a double blind controlled trial. The ICD-10 criteria for Schizophrenia were fulfilled by the 20 patients who entered the trial. Consecutive individuals who satisfied the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to a course of (bilateral) six real or simulated ECTs each as applicable. Sixteen patients completed the ECT treatment and 20 weeks follow up period. Analysis of measures of clinical change (BPRS and SANS...