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S tudents' social competence was investigated in relation to race/ethnicity and gender for a sample of 371 Zimbabwean students attending racially/ethnically integrated schools. About 42% of the students were black, and 58% white (mean age 12 years; SD =9 months). Peer and teacher sociometric ratings of children's social behaviour, social responsibility, and friendliness comprised the social competence measures. Tests of empirical independence among these social competence measures supported...

Human resource development as an objective of education policy in developing countries is increasingly narrowed down to its human capital component. In Eritrea, the objective of a highly centralized human resource development strategy is to produce human capital for the advancement of the nation. This instrumentalist view ignores the fact that education is not only related to one's position in a given society, but equally to the development of personal identity and new forms of agency on an...

The Bambouto Mountains, resting on a large Pan-African metamorphic horst of the Cameroon Line, lie between 9°57′ and 10°15′E and 5°27′ and 5°48′N in Western Cameroon. Two imbricated calderas (13 × 8 km) are located at its summit area. This volcanic region is made up of a complex sequence of basalt, trachyte and phonolite lava flows and ignimbrites. New field investigations show that the ignimbrites, formerly considered as the first products of volcanic activity, have incorporated xenoliths...

Abstract An epidemiological survey was conducted into the presence of toxic chemicals in soaps and cosmetics used by 200 adolescent female students between 17 and 26 years of age from a Nigerian university, The University of Benin, Benin City. Most of these cosmetics, which included creams, lotions and soaps, were imported from Europe. 20% of these young girls had used cosmetics to lighten their skin for between two months to two years and claimed that they had some irritations. Another 40%...

This article reports on the findings from a EU funded programming study of the education sector in Nigeria. Following a brief overview of the education sector, the article comments on the management of the sector and outlines some of the challenges for educational development. Blockages in the system are identified and areas for reform are explored. It is argued that if current blockages are to be unblocked, an holistic approach to reform will need to be adopted with a focus on legislative,...

The study reported in this paper attempted to determine what secondary school students in Nigeria know about the elderly. One hundred twenty students completed a questionnaire about aging. The mean age of the respondents was 15 years. The questionnaire was a modification of Palmore's (1977) Palmore, E. B. 1977. The Facts on Aging: A short quiz. The Gerontologist, 17(4): 315–320. [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] Facts on Aging Quiz. The results revealed that the...

"Screening audiometry in a private primary school in Ilorin, Nigeria." Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 24(2), pp. 195–196

AbstractChild labour continues to pose a challenge to national and international agencies. This study compares the health status of working and non-working school children in Ibadan, Nigeria. Altogether, 223 working and 230 non-working children were interviewed. Their ages ranged between 8 and 15 years. Fifty-nine (13%) reported fever, 36 (8%) visual problems, 28 (6%) skin lesions, 17 (4%) muscular and joint pains and 5 (1%) diarrhoea. Schistosoma ova were observed in 25 (6%) children. There...

To determine if Nigerian women's knowledge of the risks of grandmultiparity has any correlation with their reproductive aspirations.A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire survey of booked antenatal mothers seen over a 13-month period at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.One thousand, four hundred and thirteen (1413) women were interviewed from 1st July 2000 to 30th July 2001. Eighty-one (5.7% ) of the respondents felt that bearing 'too many' children...

This paper examines changes in children’s concepts of health and illness following an action‐oriented health education intervention in Bondo district of Western Kenya. The study is a feasibility study exploring a specific educational approach, and it combines elements of health education research and anthropological research. Forty primary schoolchildren aged 10–15 years of age underwent a 2‐month intervention and were thereafter enrolled as health communicators in a longitudinal study for...

We examined the determinants of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes in first-degree relatives of African-American type 2 diabetic patients over 5-8 years (median 6).A total of 81 healthy subjects (age 41.5 +/- 4.8 years; BMI 31.3 +/- 3.6 kg/m(2)) participated in the study. Each subject underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test at baseline. Insulin sensitivity index (S(i)) and glucose effectiveness index (S(g))...

The study investigated the incidence of speech defects in some randomly selected secondary schools in Oyo state. The importance of speech to man warranted the need to survey the incidence of speech defects among schools in Oyo state. 2522 students were sampled out of which about 607 (24.1%) students had various speech defects. Questionnaire is the major instrument, while personal interview were also used to assess the distribution of various speech defects in five selected schools in Oyo...

A portrait, using grounded theory qualitative methodologies, was constructed of a K–12 school serving urban, African American students, one producing high achievement. The primary data were observations complemented by questionnaire responses and document analyses. Consistent with conclusions in the effective schooling literature, this school has strong leadership, accountability, academic focus, and orderliness. Other aspects of schooling seemed also to support achievement, many consistent...

Research on children's early literacy learning has predominantly focused on a 'child attribute improvement methodology' (Bloome & Katz, 2003) in which the child is conceptualised as having a series of attributes which are potentially affected by particular sets of treatments or events. These 'input-output' studies, also described as 'black box' studies, set up one kind of literacy pedagogy against another, where early literacy is seen as a neutral, cognitive, perceptual and...

This article describes a study that examined hearing loss and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) attributes of 71 African-American older adults ranging in age from 60 to 89 years. Demographic profiles were used to obtain pertinent case histories, audiometric testing was used to obtain estimates of peripheral hearing sensitivity, and middle-ear integrity was assessed via tympanometry. The health status (i.e., HRQoL) attributes were determined via self-report scores on the Medical Outcomes...

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, use and attitude to the use of emergency contraception among tertiary students in Durban, South Africa through the use of a self-administered confidential questionnaire. A scoring system was developed to analyse the response of each student. A total of 436 students (56.5%) had heard of emergency contraception. Few knew the specific methods of emergency contraception and only 11.8% knew the correct time limit in which it must be used. Only 60...

Interviews and participant observation are used to describe how ethnic minority students in an urban high school experience discrimination. The findings suggest critical variations among students that contributed to a hostile school environment. Asian American students discussed physical and verbal harassment by peers, while Black and Latino students reported discrimination by adults, such as teachers, police, and shopkeepers. Findings suggested a circular process whereby teachers preferred...

Unprecedented policy development during the past decade in South Africa characterised new systems of governance. This paper examines examples of both national and local environmental policy and concludes that the shift from the centralised, technocratic approach of the apartheid era is not yet complete. Whilst environmental policy and legislation embody sound democratic principles, implementation, compliance and enforcement are lagging. The lack of a strategic national framework for...