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Since the passage in 1969 of congressional legislation intended to regulate the activities of tax free philanthropic foundations, a spate of works dealing with the role of foundations in American life has been published (Cuninggim, 1972; Heimann, 1973; Nielsen, 1972; Peterson, 1972). Most of these works have dealt in a general way with the responsibilities of philanthropic organizations in a period of rapid change. Several were commissioned by the larger foundations themselves, perhaps to...
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African library schools affirm reasons put forward for the teaching of management. The management syllabuses in these schools cover most of the topics expected to be treated in such courses. The teachers possess most of the requisite qunlifications for their job; but some necessary teaching aids are not available. While lecturing is the prevailing teaching method, a few other methods are being tried out. The situation in Africa is found to be similar to those in Britain and the United...
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Noteworthy factors in geriatric care, derived from experience in a geriatric clinic, are that symptoms are often wrongly attributed to the ageing process; the aged are often overtreated and subjected to unnecessary diagnostic procedures; and functional abilities of the elderly and social factors are important in planning comprehensive care for the aged. To render total care the services of a visiting sister attached to the clinic are an absolute necessity. The elderly are often prematurely...
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Groups of formally educated and of uneducated rural Kpelle tribesmen and children of Liberia, West Africa were given rule learning and attribute identification problems. On a wide variety of measures, rule learning proved easier than attribute identification for a conjunctive rule but not for a disjunctive rule. Education proved to have no significant effect on rule learning for either a conjunctive or a disjunctive rule. The influence of formal education was restricted to the superior...
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A decreased response rate in delayed hypersensitivity reactions was found in a population heavily infected with Schistosoma haematobium. Laboratory studies showed a depressed response of lymphocytes to PHA in infected subjects. Together these findings suggest the presence of a defect in cell-mediated immunity in some infected subjects. IgG and IgM levels were increased and the prevalence of rheumatoid factor was greater in the infected population. The possibility of non-specific changes in...
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The Dogmatism Scale and 13 personality tests measuring authoritarianism, rigidity, neuroticism,and extremeness were administered to 250 male and female students at the University of Cairo, Egypt, to investigate whether there are any differences in dogmatism and its underlying personality characteristics associated with the Egyptian culture in comparison with the American and English cultures. The Egyptian mean dogmatism score was larger than the comparable means obtained for American and...
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Abstract The exposure of pregnant guinea pigs to hyperthermia for 1 hr daily on 5 consecutive days produces learning deficits and reduced brain weight in the mature offspring, depending on the gestational age at which exposure took place. The offspring of those treated approximately one-third of the way through pregnancy (20–24 days) show significant deficits in learning performance, and reductions in whole and part brain weights. Those treated about two-thirds of the way through pregnancy...
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Studies on height, weight and skinfolds in four anatomical regions have been made on groups of South African Black, Coloured, Indian, and White pupils of 17 years. Examination of weight for height compared with weight for age data have revealed high percentages of obesity particularly in non-White groups. Obesity is not only reflected in higher mean umbilical skinfold values found in the short, lighter urban Indian, also Coloured and Black girls, compared with taller, heavier White girls,...
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The dental needs of a heterogeneous South African community are not being fully met because the majority of the already deficient dentist population is in private practice, mostly in urban areas, where they are rendering services to a small minority of the population who can afford comprehensive dental care. Contrary to public health services in general, public dental services are inadequate in extent and provide a limited range of treatment to some eighty-five per cent of the population....