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Objective To investigate the protective effects of midazolam on noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs by testing reactive oxygen species(ROS) level in the cochlea and plasma SOD and MDA.Methods Totally forty male pigmented guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups: control(C),midazolam(M),normal saline(S) and noise-induced deafened(D) groups,with ten guinea pigs in each.Groups M,S and D were exposed to a continuous noise(4kHz,octave band,100dB SPL) 3h every day for 3 consecutive...
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Since the middle of 1990s,based on Mode Ⅱ knowledge production,the policies and practice in South African higher education have placed more emphasis on the developmental context of scientific research,responding to national economic and social development.Meanwhile,interdisciplinary curriculum has been positively developing by constructing transaction spaces and other innovative programs,which provides new dynamics for South African higher education,especially higher engineering education.
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Studies of environmental pollution in Africa indicate that toxic metal pollution has reached unprecedented levels over the past decade. Human exposure to toxic metals has become a major health risk on the continent and is the subject of increasing attention from national and international environmentalists. This paper reviews data from the past decade on environmental pollution in Africa and highlights countries where most heavy metal pollutions have been reported. Characteristics of heavy...
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This paper examines a range of historical and geographic factors that determine the quality of public school education in post-apartheid South Africa. Empirical analysis shows, first, that population groups are still spatially segregated due to the legacy of apartheid, which implies that, given the positive correlation between school quality and school fees, quality education is concentrated in formerly white, coloured and Indian schools in areas where themajority is non-African. Second,...
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The Confucius Institute in Cameroon has made great achievements in the promotion of Chinese teaching.Starting with only a few training classes,it now boasts a network of Chinese teaching that covers many schools across the country,offering various programs and training courses,and the enrollments have risen significantly in the last years,with less than 100 at the beginning but thousands today.This paper suggests that,given the understaffed training programs,different teaching methods and...
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The University Abdou Moumouni (UAM) of Niamey in Niger mainly focused on traditional face to face learning, and even the existence of the African Virtual University since the years 1999 did not change the situation. It is only after the official opening at the University of the Francophone Digital Campus in December 2003 that lecturers and students started overseeing and taking advantages of all the benefits of e-Learning and distance learning. The present paper builds on the author’s...
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Coffee has been known since 12th century but it has begun to serve as a drink in 14th century and it has created a unique space. This place is being known as coffeehouse. When it appeared it was a place for drink coffee but in fact it became a place for chatting and sharing problems with other people. After Yemen and Mecca; Egypt became the place of coffee as a beverage and accordingly an important place in the coffeehouse is widespread in Egypt. The formation and spread of coffee houses in...
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Partnership is one of the new trends in international development assistance since 1990s.Funded by the U.S.government,the United States and Africa higher education institutions have carried out extensive cooperation in the areas of staff and student exchange,teacher training,cooperative research,joint development of curriculum,distance education and human resources training.Academic cooperation has achieved positive results.But it has also caused some negative effects,such as entrenching...
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Ethiopia is susceptible to frequent climate extremes such as disastrous droughts and floods. These disastrous climatic events, which have caused significant adverse effects on the country’s economy and society, are expected to become more pronounced in the future under climate change. To identify the potential threat of climate change to the Ethiopian economy, this study analyzes three major factors that are changing under global warming: water availability under higher temperatures and...
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Objective To explore the protective effect of trace element Se on noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs.Methods 40 male pigmented guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups(normal control group,Se group,Saline+noise group and Se+noise group,10 animals for each group).Animals of normal control group received no treatment;those of Se group were treated only with Na2SeO3 solution(0.7 mg/kg,i.p.administered,once per day for consecutive 5 days);those of Saline+noise group were given...
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Fertility among young people has increased globally and is a major concern, particularly in developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa is a region that is greatly affected by poverty; HIV/AIDS and an increasing population. Young people are engaging in unprotected sex and this not only increases their risk of having an unplanned pregnancy, but also increases the risk of them contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. In Southern Africa, pregnancy rates among young people are...
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Nigeria educational system has gone through various developments recently. The selection and organization of curriculum contents distribution and use of teaching materials and its relevance to the curriculum, the need and aspirations of the society are problems associated with Nigeria educational system. Therefore changes have become imperative in the current curriculum for all the educational levels in Nigeria. This is the crux of this paper. Children and youths of today do not live in a...