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HIV-awareness programs tailored toward the needs of rural communities are needed. We sought to quantify change in HIV knowledge in three rural Nigerian villages following an integrated culturally adapted and technology assisted educational intervention.A prospective 14-week cohort study was designed to compare short-term changes in HIV knowledge between seminar-based education program and a novel program, which capitalized on the rural culture of small-group oral learning and was delivered...
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Water infiltration is an important hydrological process that influences runoff and soil loss patterns in mountain ecosystems. In this paper, we present results on spatial variation in infiltration in croplands on the volcanic soils of Mt. Elgon, in Eastern Uganda. Twelve experimental sites with slope gradients ranging from 12 to 32% were established. Infiltration tests were carried out with a double ring infiltrometer and three measurements were taken at the upper, middle and lower sections...
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The purpose of this paper, which builds on an earlier paper published in this Journal (Vol. 20, No. 6), is to develop the discussion around how English has been taught, used and perceived in Kenya, using data gathered from a small second‐level English‐medium school in Kenya. The complex relationships between language and identity are at work in the everyday routines of both staff and pupils within such a context. The paper seeks to set out a clear methodology for gathering data which could...
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This study analyzed the problems encountered by postgraduate students that hindered their studies inNigerian universities. This was necessitated by the observation that most postgraduate students in Nigeria tend tograduate long after the stipulated time period for their programmes, indicating an apparent disparity between “whatis” and “what ought to be” in running postgraduate programmes in Nigeria. It was hypothesized that the problemsencountered delayed the timely completion of studies....
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Infertility among couples in Egypt is causing increasing concern. Investigations showed a relationship between ovulatory disorders and the incidence of female factor-mediated fertility difficulties in couples. However, the factors responsible for the sudden increase in ovulatory disorders are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of aflatoxin in sera of infertile women and to correlate this with ovarian functions and hormonal parameters. Blood samples were...
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This paper describes the first cycle of an action research project addressing severe communication disabilities in context. Aspects of selected African cultures are being explored as resources in supporting inclusive environments for children with severe communication disabilities. The specific cycle documented here was completed in rural Botswana. This single case study is representative of several, similar cases where collaborative problem-solving with primary caregivers of children with...
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Abstract Application of the moist static energy framework to analyses of vertical stability and net energy in the Sahel sheds light on the divergence of projections of climate change. Two distinct mechanisms are sketched. In one, anthropogenic warming changes continental climate indirectly: warming of the oceans increases moist static energy at upper levels, affecting vertical stability globally, from the top down, and driving drying over the Sahel, in a way analogous to the impact of El...
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IntroductionThe Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University is the oldest health professions training institution in East Africa having started in 1924. The radiography degree course started in 2001 and Makerere remains the only institution in the East African region offering this degree course. The faculty adopted a Problem based Learning/Community based education curriculum in order to stimulate students' interests to consider working in rural areas. Attracting and retaining radiographers and...
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Surgical clerkship has been progressively shortened over the last few years. With that has come decreased emphasis on the teaching of technical surgical skills. Several Canadian studies over the last 5 years have established that many medical school graduates in Canada have not received adequate training in basic surgical skills, such as suturing, chest tube insertion, digital rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy, to name but a few. In a study by Forbes and colleagues1 in the Canadian...
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Abstract Building on an earlier report on the 2005 drought in equatorial East Africa, this short note examines the circulation mechanisms of the anomalies in the boreal autumn “short rains” season in the subsequent three years. Westerlies during this season are the surface manifestation of a powerful zonal–vertical circulation cell along the Indian Ocean equator. The surface equatorial westerlies were fast during the 2005 and 2008 droughts, near average during the near-average 2007 short...