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A model intervention for academic persistence and motivation of African American and Latino high school students is provided in this article. The authors provide a theoretical and practical description of The Educational Navigation Skills Seminar (TENSS) as a demonstration of an educational persistence intervention. By reviewing the higher education literature four protective factors (e.g., self-concept, alienation, realistic self-appraisal, and help-seeking strategies) were developed into a...

This study was aimed to deal with a serious obstetrical problem in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital, Medani, Sudan. The study reviewed the incidence of obstructed labor, its clinical presentation and methods of diagnosis. The study also includes the methods of treatment and its complications.A prospective and descriptive study was carried out in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital, Medani, Sudan. Case notes were studied for all cases with obstructed labor received during the period 1 January 1997 to 31...

Background: The classic type of hearing loss described in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is conductive. However, sensorineural hearing loss is increasingly being recognised in this condition. Objective: Our aims were to assess the hearing threshold among Nigerians with uncomplicated chronic suppurative otitis media, to find out the type(s) of hearing loss in these patients, and to quantify and compare hearing loss in unilateral and bilaterally diseased ears of these Nigerians with...

This study explored the extent to which African American students attending historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) and African American students attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs) had academic and social interactions with faculty members in college. Taking into account demographic characteristics and college experiences, students attending HBCUs reported significantly more academic and social interactions with faculty than students attending PWIs did. Over the...

The major purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of locus of control on African American high school seniors' educational aspirations. Controlling for family, student, and school characteristics, the results of the study suggest that African American high school seniors who reported higher levels of locus of control were more likely to have higher educational aspirations than African American high school seniors who reported lower levels of locus of control. Implications for...

The recruitment and retention of minority students in teacher education programs has received the attention of schools of education. For those minority students who choose to pursue a career in teaching and decide to attend a predominantly white university, their experience must be appreciated for the challenges it presents. This study was undertaken to listen to the voices of African American education majors enrolled in a teacher education program at a predominantly white university in the...

While it is recognized that self-concept and self-esteem affect the academic achievement of students, few publications have focused on the affective and psychological needs of students who are gifted and ethnically or culturally diverse. In this article, we extend the discussion of self-concept and achievement by focusing on how racial identity development affects the achievement of gifted African American students. We argue that few efforts, designed to improve gifted Black students'...

The annual soil erosion on the Ethiopian highlands is estimated at 1.5 billion tons. The poor soil management and land use practices are the causes of the high soil erosion rate. Assessment of soil erosion is the basis for planning soil conservation work. There are currently erosion models ranging from empirical ones like the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) which provide long-term average annual soil loss estimates to process-based models such as the agricultural non-point source...

The focus of this case study of education reform is limited to three specific interventions by the South African government: education finance reform, curriculum reform, and the teacher rationalization process. These three interventions were sampled from a rich mix of reforms because they were initiated very early in the democratic transition and because there is a reasonably sound empirical base from which to make judgments about the efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions. This...

What happens to the practice of female circumcision among Muslims who live in Western countries and who come from countries where the tradition still exists? This article examines the practice of female circumcision among Somalis living in Sweden, and reviews the role of Islam in this context. It will be argued that this practice is now being abandoned by Swedish Somalis, principally on the basis of a reassessment of the religious imperative, for what used to be considered a religious duty...

Inappropriate assessment procedures result in the misdiagnosis, misidentification, and misplacement of many African American students in special education. This article discusses poor teacher judgment, lack of cultural awareness among teachers, cultural discontinuity between home and school, and bias inherent in current tests used in special education as contributing factors. The authors conclude with a model for culturally responsive assessment of African American learners.

A large percentage of African American students comprise special education classes; yet few African Americans are special education teachers. Determinants of success for African Americans pursuing graduate study previously cited in the literature include academic and financial support, and faculty-student mentoring relationships. This qualitative study was designed to explore and describe the experiences of seven African Americans who completed master's degrees in special education at...

The language proficiency of first-year students at the University of Pretoria (56 men and 59 women, M age=19.40 yr., SD=.80, range from 18.00 to 20.70) was assessed by means of the English Language Skills Assessment. More than one-third of the students did not show proficiency at Grade 10, as expected. This language assessment was not correlated with academic achievement equally well for students in a group. The diversity of thinking style preferences of the students enrolled in a language...

Reliance on biomass for cooking and heating exposes many women and young children in developing countries to high levels of air pollution indoors. This study investigated the association between household use of biomass fuels for cooking and acute respiratory infections (ARI) in preschool age children (<5 years) in Zimbabwe.Analysis is based on 3559 children age 0-59 months included in the 1999 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS). Children who suffered from cough accompanied by...

This article uses data from the 1996 population census of Lesotho and the Ministry of Education's annual reports compiled during the period 1990–9 to investigate the trend of the gap between male and female enrolment in schools and higher learning institutions. The study examines various education indicators, school enrolment and dropout rates. There is no doubt that the gender gap still exists in Lesotho in favour of females. Both the cohort analysis and the analysis of dropout rates have...