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President Mbeki is emphasising the vision of an African Renaissance in many of his public addresses. Many multifaceted inputs are required to realise this vision, and human resources development is one of the cornerstones of this ideal. South African higher education institutions could play a major role in this quest by sharing their expertise to upgrade the scientific, economic and educational competencies of all people in Africa. Data analysis shows considerable potential for attracting...

What are the most efficient means to ensure basic learning competencies for a high number of children? This question is analyzed on the basis of the exceptionally rich data set provided by the "Program on the Analysis of Education Systems" (PASEC), standardized and comparable for the five countries Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Madagascar and Senegal. A Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) is used to assess the individual, school level, and national characteristics determining...

Abstract This article reports the analysis of survey data on the self-reported changes to classroom practice and activities of promoted and non-promoted Egyptian science and mathematics teachers following a 12-week in-service course in the United Kingdom. The analysis looks at the factors that are important for promotion. Teachers who self-reported being able to distance themselves from the constraints perceived by others, who had built a relationship with the administration of the local...

Corporal punishment has long been the most common form of punishment in South African schools. Its widespread use undoubtedly influenced constructions of masculinity.

Fear appeals threatening the individual have been shown to be powerful persuasive devices in the cultures where they have been studied. However, most fear appeal research has been conducted with members of individualist cultures. Individualist cultures place self-needs above group concerns, while collectivist cultures place group needs above self-concerns. Little is known about the effectiveness of fear appeals (or other persuasive strategies) in collectivist cultures. Two studies assessed...

Drought is the single most important environmental factor that causes cattle population fluctuations in northern Kenya. The way the grazing lands and animal populations are affected by drought requires long-term monitoring. However, in northern Kenya, patterns of cattle mortality following multiple drought episodes and recovery have not been compared before. This study compared effects of two droughts (1983/1984 and 1991/1992) and three recovery periods (1984, 1992 and 1996) on cattle...

327 first-year students in South Africa showed a significantly more favourable attitude towards handicaps than 205 first-year Indian students.

This article was originally presented at the annual meetings of the Comparative and International Educational Society, San Antonio, TX, in March 2000. We very much appreciate the suggestions Chris Wheeler has made for revision. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect positions of the World Bank or the Ministry of PreUniversity Education in Guinea. Requests for reprints should be sent to John Schwille, College of Education, Michigan State University, 517 Erickson Hall, East Lansing, MI 48824-1034.

This cross-sectional analysis evaluated the association between ethnicity and cognitive performance and determined whether education modifies this association for nondemented older people (103 African Americans, 1,388 Japanese Americans, 2,306 Caucasians) in a study of dementia incidence. African Americans scored lower (median 89 out of 100) than Japanese Americans (93) and Caucasians (94) on the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI). Education affected CA

South Africa has been in a process of far-reaching restructuring and is still witnessing a plethora of many policies initiating and seeking educational change. Education policy for educational change only becomes reality once it is implemented at the micro-level, or at the classroom level. Teachers indeed are the key role players in this implementation phase and are, more often than not, the silent voices in the process, ignored and often discounted at this stage of educational change. How...

Although the general objective of this study is to examine the extent to which spouses' socioeconomic characteristics determine whether modern contraception is used and whether family limitation (the demand for no more children) is desired, its central goal is to evaluate the degree to which the net effect of a woman's education on those fertility decisions is altered once a control is made for the level of schooling of the husband. Individual characteristics of spouses included as controls...

We compared performance on language impairment, functional communication, and discourse measures between 33 African-American aphasic patients and 30 African-American normal subjects. The aphasic group performed significantly lower than the normal group on the Western Aphasia Battery Aphasia and Cortical Quotients, Token Test, and ASHA Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults. Moreover, the aphasic group performed significantly lower than the normal group in their quality of...

Abstract My intention is to explore the link between globalization and higher education restructuring in South Africa and whether it looms as a threat to democracy. I contend that an argument can be made that the ascendancy of market-driven concerns in defining the restructuring of higher education in South Africa may have the effect whereby higher education institutions (universities and technikons) become subordinated to the demands of the market place, which situation in turn, can be...

Concern has grown over the overrepresentation of African American male students in special education classes. School social workers are in key positions to intervene in the special education referral process to avert inappropriate and sometimes unnecessary psychological testing and special education placement. They can provide careful assessments of the student and his or her environment and short-term interventions to determine whether further testing or subsequent placement is warranted....

The study replicates a previous investigation done with middle class children to examine their conceptions of prerogative and restriction, Weber (1999). For the present study, forty nine first, third and fifth grade children who were primarily African American, were drawn from two public schools in a small aging midwestern industrial city. They participated in two interviews which elicited responses concerning personal prerogative at home and school. The children identified areas of...

Prescribing practices impact greatly on drug use and expenditure. The situation in developing countries is often compounded by a limited health budget. Furthermore, because of role substitution in these countries, prescribers are often not formally trained in rational prescribing. The study described in this paper assesses the effect of a prescribing training intervention for primary health care nurses.A generic training-of-trainers course and a 4-day effective prescribing course were...

A key objective of this report is to contribute toward developing a widely-shared vision for educational development in Madagascar, based on a common understanding of the challenges involved, and the part that each participant can play in realizing such vision. The report deals with all the main education sectors (i.e., primary, secondary, vocational/technical, and higher education), but the focus is necessarily limited by the complexity of the subject. In particular, non-formal education...