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Despite the proven efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), only a small fraction of the population knows how to perform it. As a result, rates of bystander CPR and rates of survival from cardiac arrest are low. Bystander CPR is particularly uncommon in the African American community. Successful development of a simplified approach to CPR training could boost rates of bystander CPR and save lives. We conducted the following randomized, controlled study to determine whether video...

Abstract This article describes the nature of pre-vocational education in Nigeria, the curriculum of pre-vocational subjects, and the definition and the organisation of work visits. Part of the article is a study which sought to investigate the perception of pre-vocational students on work visits and the problems affecting work visits at the junior secondary schools in the South-western Nigeria. On the whole, 1000 students who were randomly sampled from 40 schools from five states in...

This article describes the nature of pre-vocational education in Nigeria, the curriculum of pre-vocational subjects, and the definition and the organisation of work visits. Part of the article is a study which sought to investigate the perception of pre-vocational students on work visits and the problems affecting work visits at the junior secondary schools in the South-western Nigeria. On the whole, 1000 students who were randomly sampled from 40 schools from five states in South-western...

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsMargaret WilderMargaret Wilder is an assistant professor of education in the Department of Social Foundations of Education at the University of Georgia.

To investigate the effects of salicylate on noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in guinea pigs.The animals were allocated into four groups (salicylate + noise, saline + noise, noise only and salicylate only) and were exposed to a 4 kHz octave band noise at 105 dB SPL for 2 hours for 5 consecutive days. Dynamic changes of ABR thresholds evoked by clicks were monitored. After physiological examination, the cochleae were processed for the morphological examination by light microscopy.Mean...

In teaching the 1,000-year old Shona mbira tradition of Zimbabwe, I have discovered that Western students have great difficulty in learning to hear mbira music in a Shona way. Though Western students are able to learn to play basic traditional parts, it often takes them years to master the more difficult cross-cultural aspects of the music, including the style of improvisation. Improvising in a Shona way is dependent upon hearing in a Shona way.

This paper presents views of the role of the physiotherapy profession during the Apartheid era in South Africa. It analyses aspects of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission document and finally suggestions are made to prevent similar situations from developing ever again.

A survey can provide a useful reality check where institutions are weak. Certainly, budgets and official statistics are inadequate as a guide for policymakers. Ablo and Reinikka demonstrate that budget allocations alone can be misleading in explaining outcomes and making policy decisions, when institutions are weak. They diagnose the problem, using empirical evidence from primary education and health care in Uganda, but arguing that a similar problem exists in many countries. Adequate public...

The tsunami generated by the 1998 Papua New Guinea earthquake was observed at several tide gauges and ocean bottom pressure gauges in Japan. The fault model of the 1998 Papua New Guinea earthquake was estimated using those tsunami waveforms observed in Japan and coseismic subsidence observed along the coast of Papua New Guinea near the source region. The numerical simulation of the tsunami using the linear Boussinesq equation was carried out. The tsunami waveforms in Japan are explained by...

To the Editor: Female circumcision, the surgical modification or removal of the female genitalia, is an ancient custom that continues to be widely practiced, mainly in nonhospital settings. Over 12...

(S.E.) Sidebotham and (W.Z.) Wendrich Eds.Berenike 1994, Preliminary Report of the 1994 Excavations at Berenike (Egyptian Red Sea Coast) and the Survey of the Eastern Desert. (CNWS Publications. Special Series 1). Leiden: Research School CNWS, 1995. Pp. 125, ill. 9073782414. - (S.E.) Sidebotham and (W.Z.) Wendrich Eds. Berenike 1995, Preliminary Report of the 1995 Excavations at Berenike (Egyptian Red Sea Coast) and the Survey of the Eastern Desert. (CNWS Publications. Special Series 2)....

This paper begins with the optimism that the importance of the Polytechnic institution in tertiary education and its role in national development is now seriously unfolding. At the very inception of the Polytechnic and the Workers College in the First Republic, the founding fathers meant very well for the two types of educational institutions. But the best the Polytechnic could achieve in that era was to operate essentially in training students in specific trades and vocations to the City & Guilds Certificate level.

This is a report on an operations research project (ORP) which aimed to produce findings that would provide guidance to the Ministry of Health and the Ghana Registered Midwives Association in their implementation of reproductive health policies. The project was initiated in early 1996. The findings from the ORP highlight the benefits and challenges of decentralizing the provision of postabortion care (PAC) services to primary level facilities where midwives practice. Training midwives to...

The purpose of this project was to determine what factors need to be considered in planning a diabetes education program to better meet the needs of African Americans with diabetes in a community served by a suburban community hospital.Two focus group sessions were conducted. The sessions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by members of the research team.Four themes emerged that had bearing on program development: (1) a sense of personal powerlessness, (2) fear related to...

This paper attempts a critical review of the models of teaching practice adopted since Zimbabwe attained independence in 1980. It is argued in this paper that those who were empowered to decide by models of teaching practice tended to put more emphasis on political, economic and administrative needs at the expense of pedagogical needs of the student ' teachers. It is against this background that a possible model of teaching practice, which seeks to take into account the pedagogical objectives of teaching practice, has been proposed.

Over the last 30 years or so, there has been growing international interest in the infon-nal sector of the economy in developing countries, and there is now the recognition that to operate successfully as artisans in the informal sector, require a range of knowledge and skills. The general aim of the present, qualitative study, was to investigate how apprentices in informal sector enterprises in two trades (the Motor Vehicle trade and the Tie-dye trade) in The Gambia learn at the...