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Background: Globally, sub-Saharan Africa bears the greatest burden of disease.Strengthened research capacity to understand the social determinants of health among different African populations is key to addressing the drivers of poor health and developing interventions to improve health outcomes and health systems in the region.Yet, the continent clearly lacks centers of research excellence that can generate a strong evidence base to address the region's socio-economic and health...
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Although the current demographics of urban schools in the United States reflect a rapid growth of culturally and linguistically diverse students, curricula continue to emphasize mainstream culture; cultural and linguistic experiences of these diverse students are ignored. In this article, the author examines how the use of counter storytelling in the form of African proverbs can serve as a tool for teaching the concepts of social justice in the urban, U.S. school setting.
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The term “community” holds historical connotations of political, economic, and social disadvantage in South Africa. Many South African students tend to interpret the term “community” in ways that suggest that community and community psychology describe the experiences of exclusively poor, black people. Critical pedagogies that position the teaching process as a transformative activity and that challenge student perceptions about the status quo are central in teaching community psychology....
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To determine the prevalence of depressive disorder in patients with HIV/AIDS receiving HAART; to determine the effect of depressive disorder on adherence to antiretroviral therapy; and to determine the significance of the association.The study was conducted amongst outpatients of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria. A sociodemographic and drug adherence questionnaire was administered. The Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to screen for...
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Retaining motivated teachers is a major concern across countries. Ghana, like other Sub- Sahara African countries, has been trying to address challenges, such as the lack of teachers, particularly in rural areas, and the low levels of motivation among them. On the other hand, teachers in developing countries are not necessarily trained and, even if they are, they may not be competent, effective and efficient (Lockheed and Verspoor 1991). Mere enthusiasm and good intentions may not be enough...
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Abstract The distribution and abundance of native ungulates were measured on commercially managed, semi‐arid rangeland in central Kenya over a 3‐year period that encompassed severe drought and above‐average rainfall. Native ungulate biomass density averaged 5282 kg km −2 over the study and was dominated by elephant ( Loxodonta africana ), impala ( Aepyceros melampus ) and dik‐dik ( Madoqua kirkii ). Biomass density of domestic cattle ( Bos taurus ) averaged 2280 kg km −2 during the study....
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Abstract Drought adaptation strategies of two bambara groundnut landraces, Uniswa Red and S19‐3, collected from contrasting environments in Africa, were compared. Our objectives were to investigate the relative significance of effective stomatal control induced by the abscisic acid (ABA) signalling and osmotic adjustment in regulating plant water relations in general for this legume species. The ABA concentration [ABA] in the leaf increased linearly with declining relative leaf water...
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Dissatisfied with centralized approaches to giving local public services in general, and education service in particular, a large number of countries are decentralizing responsibility for these services to lower level governments. Decentralization moves decision-making closer to the people and may give them better service delivery in general, and education service in particular. In principle, lower level governments are empowered to determine their own priorities for effective service...