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Abstract The present study evaluated the efficacy of an individualized psycho-education (PE) program in reducing psychological distress and risky sexual behavior and enhancing self-disclosure associated with an HIV diagnosis among attendees of a walk-in non-governmental voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center in Nigeria. Ninety-four consecutive individuals were asked to complete a pre-counseling, baseline questionnaire detailing their sociodemographic characteristics, psychopathology,...

African-American youth represent the heaviest burden for HIV in all U.S. ethnic groups. The risk assessment was conducted with a group of suburban and urban African-American middle school children prior to the implementation of a faith-based substance abuse and HIV prevention program. The purpose of the study on risk-taking was to examine the sample's level and predictors of social adaptation and risk-taking processes and to examine their ideas about risk and risk-taking behavior.A...

This article reports on a research project aimed at determining the scope and nature of differences in picture comprehension between literate and low-literate audiences in the context of HIV and AIDS. Structured interviews were held with 30 low-literate and 24 literate adult speakers of African languages. The responses were coded and analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Consistent with previous research, we found that purely analogical visuals pose relatively few interpretation...

To observe the alterations of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in guinea pigs with gentamicin-induced hearing loss under awake and anesthetic conditions.We recorded the ABR in 20 normal guinea pigs and 20 with gentamicin-induced hearing loss before and after anesthesia for statistical analysis.No significant difference was observed in the waveform, response threshold (RT), I and III peak latencies (PL), I-III interpeak latencies (IPL) of ABR between awake and anesthetic conditions in normal...

Recruiting and retaining qualified teachers for schools in rural communities is both an issue and a problem in many countries. The very nature of rural communities and perceptions of teaching in such environments tend to discourage qualified experienced and new teachers from taking appointments there. Education jurisdictions, therefore, use various strategies either to compel or entice candidates to accept rural teaching appointments. This paper describes a district sponsorship scheme to...

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Brief ReportFull AccessTraining South African Mental Health Care Providers to Talk About Sex in the Era of AIDSPamela Y. Collins M.D., M.P.H.Kezziah Mestry L.L.B.Milton L. Wainberg M.D.Thobile Nzama M.S.Graham Lindegger Ph.D.Pamela Y. Collins M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorKezziah Mestry L.L.B.Search for more papers by this authorMilton L. Wainberg M.D.Search for more papers by this authorThobile Nzama M.S.Search for...

Mental health care providers in South Africa often lack the skills to conduct effective prevention activities in psychiatric settings. This article describes the development and evaluation of an HIV education program for mental health care providers at three psychiatric institutions in South Africa.The research team worked with a core group of 16 mental health care providers to assess HIV training needs and to develop a training intervention focused on identified issues. The training...

This article investigates the effectiveness of improvising locally available materials for teaching chemistry in Nigeria, as a case for a culture of improvisation for teaching the sciences in developing countries. The scarcity and cost of imported materials for teaching science has remained a major challenge to teaching sciences in developing countries, and the fact that many teachers from developing countries tend to wait for these imported materials before they can teach continues to...

The focus of this study is the examination of the views of Nigerian and U.S. college students regarding the death penalty and related issues. This exploratory undertaking seeks to answer three main questions. First, are there differences in the level of support of the death penalty between Nigerian and U.S. college students. The second objective of the study is to understand the reasons that the students provided for either supporting or opposing the death penalty. The third objective of...

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook Review Issues in African Education: Sociological Perspectives edited by Ali A. Abdi and Ailie Cleghorn. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. 320 pp. $65.00 (cloth). ISBN 1‐4039‐7069‐6.Parfait M. Eloundou‐EnyegueParfait M. Eloundou‐EnyegueCornell University Search for more articles by this author Cornell UniversityPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail...

School curriculum policy and politics in South Africa are discussed in this article as a means of highlighting the nature of Governmental power and functioning in a post‐liberation developing country. The notion ‘policy networks’ is used as a lens to understand the ways in which specific constellations of policy interests informed the consecutive policy cycles that led to the curriculum policy trajectory. The article is based on a series of interviews with key policy participants. The two...

Many U.S. students speak nonstandard forms of English, yet dialect issues are slighted in teacher education programs and literacy courses. In this study, classroom teachers who spoke Standard American English (SE) were familiarized with seven syntactic features characterizing African American English (AAE). Three approaches to instruction based on a cognitive view of self-regulated learning were compared: exposure to the features by reading AAE text (E); exposure plus explanation of dialect...

The main aim of this project was to undertake participatory action research in two primary schools in northern Tanzania in order to create enabling environments for the schoolchildren and other community members to adapt practices relevant for reducing the transmission of schistosomiasis. This paper describes the process of initiating the project. The school activities started in 2002 by screening all schoolchildren (n = 1146) in the two schools for schistosomiasis and intestinal helminths...

The deepwater fishes around the Lihir Island group, Papua New Guinea, were assessed for their vulnerability to exploitation from a potential commercial fishery. Three dropline surveys were made between 1999 and 2002 to estimate catch rates and life-history parameters. Growth parameters were obtained using the von Bertalanffy growth function fitted to length-at-age data from annuli counts in sectioned otoliths. Mean catch rates and total mortality rates were then used to estimate total fish...

Monitoring data are generally collected as a by-product of the process of monitoring program implementation. Yet this rich source of data have not been exploited to assess the effectiveness of the program. In this paper the authors use detailed administered data from a large-scale, community-based nutrition program in Madagascar to argue that this data can be used to estimate the differential effect of increased exposure to the program and study how these returns to exposure evolve over...

Preparing today's children to be tomorrow's global citizens will require social educators who have knowledge of the histories, experiences, and cultural practices of the children they teach. This article offers culturally responsive pedagogy and the African proverb as frames for teaching African American students to become engaged local and global citizens.

Functional disability is a common reason for loss of independence and need for informal care by elderly persons. There is little information on the profile of disability and the level of unmet need for care in elderly persons living in sub-Saharan Africa. Using a multistage clustered sampling of households conducted in the Yoruba-speaking area of Nigeria (representing 22% of the national population), persons aged 65 and older (N = 2,152) were assessed for disability in activities of daily...

This paper begins by discussing the relationship between democracy and development in Africa and The Gambia in particular. It then examines the potential role of the school inspectorate in the Gambia in helping to put education for democracy on a sustainable footing. The inspectorate not only evaluate and advise teachers but also provide ongoing support and monitoring. This paper describes a project which explored whether democratic practice could be integrated into the work of inspectors...