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Purpose Research has established that African American (AA) children are lagging behind other children in their reading skills. A number of factors have been proposed to account for the literacy gap; however no single factor has entirely explained this disparity. This investigation examined the appropriateness of the Gray Oral Reading Test—Fourth Edition (GORT–4) for identifying the oral reading proficiency skills of African American English (AAE)-speaking children in the second and fourth...
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Satu Riutta. Democratic Participation in Rural Tanzania and Zambia: The Impact of Civic Education. Boulder, Colo.: First Forum Press, 2009. xiv + 225 pp. Tables. Figures. Appendixes. List of Acronyms. Interviews. Bibliography. Index. Notes. $59.95. Cloth. - Volume 53 Issue 1
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Background: Identification of obesity and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease in childhood is strongly recommended for prevention of the diseases in adulthood. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of the conventional cardiovascular risk factors among primary school children aged 6-15 years in Urban Dar es Salaam and Rural Morogoro. Methods: Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were determined using standard techniques. Metabolic variables such asblood sugar, total...
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This article has conducted a comparative study about different kinds of behaviour related to non verbal communication and the corporal expression that happen among school-age children who belong to two different ethnic groups (European and Amazigh). The study has been developed in the city of Melilla (Spain), located in western North Africa. This city is characterized by social and cultural diversity of its citizens (Europeans, Berbers, Sephardic Jews and Indians). Some 100 students...
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This review assesses evaluations published from 2000 to 2019 to shed light on what approaches work, especially at scale and sustainably, to prevent child marriage in low- and middle-income countries.We conducted a search of electronic databases and gray literature and evaluated the methodological quality and risk of bias of included studies.A total of 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions that support girls' schooling through cash or in-kind transfers show the clearest pattern...
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[1] Although often difficult to characterize, the relationship between a seismic rupture, its aftershock sequence, and cumulative subsurface or surface faulting or folding is an important challenge to modern seismology and seismotectonics. Among other benefits, it helps document fault length, slip, and magnitude relationships, reconstruct the evolution of the rupture process through historical and prehistorical times and identify the complexity of the deformation in its path toward the...
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At the north-eastern flank of Mount Bambouto, a lateral cone, the Totap volcano, is dated at 0.480 ± 0.014 Ma, which corresponds to the most recent activity of this area. The lava is a basanite similar to the older basanites of Mount Bambouto. Two new datations of the lavas of the substratum are 11.75 ± 0.25 Ma, and 21.12 ± 0.45 Ma. A synthetic revision of the volcanic story of Mount Bambouto is proposed as follows. The first stage, ca. 21 Ma, corresponds to the building of the initial...
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Students’ learning in the digital age depends on both adequate search for learning materials through Internet use activities, and adequate reading and study of the materials. Nevertheless, a lack of balance between the amount of time and effort devoted by students to reading and Internet use activities could affect negatively their learning achievement. This study explored the patterns of and relationships between reading and Internet use activities of undergraduate students of the...
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The aim of the study was to determine if pediatric surgery residency training program in West Africa addresses the realities of posttraining practice.The study used a cross-sectional survey of 36 pediatric surgeons trained in West Africa using self-administered questionnaires.Overall, 26 (72%) responded. Although 21 (81%) had adequate exposures in most surgical components of training, 18 (69%) were exposed to most of the nonsurgical components. The least in exposure and use were prenatal...
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Background: Communities in Africa constitute a major part of the population that is vulnerable to many erythrocytic hereditary and hematological disorders such as hemoglobinopathies.The frequencies of abnormal hemoglobin variants, ABO, and Rhesus blood groups vary from one population to another.Methods: The aim of this study was to find the prevalence/spectrum of hemoglobin variants, ABO, and Rhesus blood group distribution among 204 undergraduate students of African descent in Port Harcourt...
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Mice are routinely used to study aqueous humour dynamics. However, physical factors such as temperature and hydration affect outflow facility in enucleated eyes. This retrospective study examined whether differences in temperature and relative humidity experienced by living mice within their housing environment in vivo coincide with differences in outflow facility measured ex vivo. Facility data and environmental records were collected for one enucleated eye from 116 mice (C57BL/6J males,...
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Global warming looms large as one of the factors set to negate the progress many African countries have made over the years towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Crop failures and declining agricultural production due to drought, floods, or unpredictable and untimely rainfall have exacerbated the continent's food security crisis. In many countries on the continent dwindling essential resources such as water reserves have heightened fears of an unprecedented outbreak of disease...
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Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out in rural Côte d'Ivoire, the first in 5 primary schools in the Lake Taabo area, and the second in the primary school of Azaguié-Institute de Recherche sur les Fruits et Agrumes. Overall, 251 school children were screened for Strongyloides stercoralis by using either the Baermann method, or the Koga agar plate method, or both techniques. The prevalence of S. stercoralis at the unit of the school ranged between 4.0 and 48%. Because S. stercoralis is...
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Peoples personal experiences shape their views based on lifelong behaviors and contributions to the society in which they find themselves. Foreign-born African American educators are no exceptions. In this article I share my voice as a foreign-born African American teacher educator.
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This paper presents the results from a study designed to investigate the ability of a newly developed neural network (NN) based model to follow total electron content (TEC) dynamics over the Southern African region. The investigation is carried out by comparing results from the NN model with actual TEC data derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) observations and TEC values predicted by the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007) model during magnetic storm periods over Southern...
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This paper draws together research on seasonality, child labour and education in the context of primary education in sub-Saharan Africa. It describes how income poverty and demand for labour can fluctuate within and between years, affecting participation and progression through school systems. It highlights how analysis of the private and public costs of education frequently ignore the significance of seasonal patterns related to the agricultural cycle and migration. It argues that education...