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This article reports on a study of the gender differences in children's journeys to school in sub-Saharan Africa. The authors draw on empirical data from a three-country study (Ghana, Malawi, South Africa) of young people’s mobility. They note that gender differences in school enrollment and attendance in Africa are well established: education statistics in many countries indicate that girls’ participation in formal education is often substantially lower than boys’, especially at secondary...
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This article demonstrates that the struggle over the Muslim ‘veil’ in public schools, which is related to tensions between the norms of secular democracy and principles of religious tolerance, has also become a topic of debate in Cameroon. I take the life of a young woman, Maimouna, whose life I have followed for 22 years, as a point of departure, and place it in the historical and social contexts of her society. I try not only to negotiate presuppositions about women and Islam in order to...
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This article demonstrates that the struggle over the Muslim ‘veil’ in public schools, which is related to tensions between the norms of secular democracy and principles of religious tolerance, has also become a topic of debate in Cameroon. I take the life of a young woman, Maimouna, whose life I have followed for 22 years, as a point of departure, and place it in the historical and social contexts of her society. I try not only to negotiate presuppositions about women and Islam in order to...
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Climate variability of Northern Africa is of high interest due to climate-evolutionary linkages under study. The reconstruction of the palaeo-climate over long time scales, including the expected linkages (> 3 Ma), is mainly accessible by proxy data from deep sea drilling cores. By concentrating on published data sets, we try to decipher rhythms and trends to detect correlations between different proxy time series by advanced mathematical methods. Our preliminary data is dust concentration,...
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The United States is not alone in experimenting with ways to use compensation to improve teacher performance. Around the world, nations are exploring ways that money can be used to attract newcomers to the profession, lure teachers into needy classes and schools, and boost student achievement. The United States is also not alone in its reliance on the single salary schedule nor in its need to negotiate changes with teachers unions. The single salary schedule has been the dominant form of...
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To assess the risk of nosocomial transmission by confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in a high TB/HIV incidence environment.Between November 2006 and April 2007, we carried out a cross-sectional survey of PTB patients with positive smears or cultures at an academic tertiary hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa.Of 394 confirmed PTB patients, only 199 (50.5%) had a known HIV status, of whom 107 (53.8%) were HIV-co-infected. Sensitivity testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis...
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Abstract In 1998, as part of what was then Zambia's Department of Technical Education and Vocational Training's (DTEVT) human resources capacity building initiative, under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Vocational Training (MSTVT), donor funding was secured to provide degree‐level training for key teachers and managers within the technical education and vocational education and training (TEVET) system. However, the lack of degree‐level courses designed for TEVET personnel at both of...
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If the South African War (1899–1902) proved the supreme test for the late Victorian army, many writers taking their cue from the “lucidity and brilliance” of Leo Amery’s writings in The Times History accepted that the army, particularly in the Natal campaign, failed to measure up. The generalship of Sir Redvers Buller, VC, his staff, and the regimental officers and other ranks, all incurred withering criticism. The prewar army, wrote Amery, was “largely a sham”, and the home army, in...
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(1) Willis Research Fellow, Lecturer, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, UK (p.stafford@imperial.ac.uk), (2) Former PhD candidate, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, UK (p.tsingopoulou08@imperial.ac.uk), (3) Seismic research coordinator, Willis Research Network / Willis Analytics, Willis, London, UK (iman.karimi@willis.com), (4) Head of Product Development, Willis Analytics, Willis, London, UK (galyh@willis.com)
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Libya traditionally suffers from a shortage of skilled manpower. A network of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions were introduced in Libya, for the purpose of enhancing the supply of skilled manpower needed for the manufacturing industry and the national socio-economic development plans. The shortage of qualified manpower, such as engineers and technicians, skilled workers, is largely attributable to the failure of TVET to supply the country with its...
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AbstractPrimary School Management Development Project intended to improve management of primary schools in Botswana started in 1999 and ended in 2002. The Impact Evaluation Study (IES) conducted in 2000 found that management practices introduced by the project had improved management by most SMTs. School Management Teams and Primary School Management Advisors put in place by the Project were functioning well. Cluster and school-based in service training had a positive impact on management of...
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Specialists with international influence have been advocating in an uncompromising manner the policy of including all children with special educational needs (SEN) in regular schools and classrooms. The endorsement of this policy by an internationally agreed convention implies that it is universally applicable. This paper, however, questions the relevance of this orthodoxy to the educational systems of low‐income countries and argues that the latter cannot easily progress from a situation of...