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Deaf Education in South Africa has reached the point at which inquiry and reflection have become paramount. Education levels remain low with the majority of Deaf students leaving school functionally illiterate, yet this unsatisfactory status quo is manifest in passive consent. Researchers are currently favouring a move toward Bilingual Education for the Deaf, even though the field remains saturated with contentious debates and insufficient evidence to marshal adequate support for one...

Contents: Introduction Research on wastage in Kenya Primary school wastage among special groups A design for investigating wastage Extent and perceived causes of wastage Identified solutions for each component of wastage Profiles of selected initiatives to reduce wastage Impact of selected initiatives on wastage Wastage in developing countries: insights from Kenya References Index.

The objective of the current study is to assess the value of endometrial sampling as a diagnostic tool at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH). A histopathological study of the endometrium in 255 patients seen at the Gynaecological clinic of UMTH from January 1988 to October 1998 formed the study group. The patients' age, parity, contraceptive and menstrual history were reviewed from case records. The mean age of the study group was 28 years. A normal secretory endometrium...

We investigated the oral health practices and prevalence of dental caries among Libyan pupils (6-12 years), by studying 389 boys and 373 girls selected randomly from 11 public primary schools in three different residential areas indicating different socioeconomic levels. In all, 321 (42.1%) pupils did not brush their teeth, with significant differences in the different areas. The prevalence of dental caries was 61.9%, with no significant sex difference. At 12 years, the decayed, missing and...

Constructed wetlands have been widely used to control both point- and nonpoint-source pollution in surface waters. However, our knowledge about their effectiveness in retaining agricultural pesticide pollution is limited. A 0.44-ha vegetated wetland built along a tributary of the Lourens River, Western Cape, South Africa, was studied to ascertain retention of runoff-related agricultural pollution. Total suspended solids, orthophosphate, and nitrate were retained in the wetland in the...

Constructed wetlands have been widely used to control both point- and nonpoint-source pollution in surface waters. However, our knowledge about their effectiveness in retaining agricultural pesticide pollution is limited. A 0.44-ha vegetated wetland built along a tributary of the Lourens River, Western Cape, South Africa, was studied to ascertain retention of runoff-related agricultural pollution. Total suspended solids, orthophosphate, and nitrate were retained in the wetland in the...

Constructed wetlands have been widely used to control both point- and nonpoint-source pollution in surface waters. However, our knowledge about their effectiveness in retaining agricultural pesticide pollution is limited. A 0.44-ha vegetated wetland built along a tributary of the Lourens River, Western Cape, South Africa, was studied to ascertain retention of runoff-related agricultural pollution. Total suspended solids, orthophosphate, and nitrate were retained in the wetland in the...

Constructed wetlands have been widely used to control both point- and nonpoint-source pollution in surface waters. However, our knowledge about their effectiveness in retaining agricultural pesticide pollution is limited. A 0.44-ha vegetated wetland built along a tributary of the Lourens River, Western Cape, South Africa, was studied to ascertain retention of runoff-related agricultural pollution. Total suspended solids, orthophosphate, and nitrate were retained in the wetland in the...

Abstract This article explores the issue of whether lists of characteristics constituting the effective school are universally valid. It argues that the effectiveness or otherwise of schools must be understood contextually as there are significant differences between both the material and ideological contexts of schooling. The article uses the example of South Africa to demonstrate the difficulties in judging schools in one context using criteria developed in another. Three examples of...

This article describes the governmental and research culture contexts for educational research in Botswana. Research is seen to play an important role in the development of educational policies for the country. The limited resources that can be devoted to research endeavors in a small, developing country like this, however, affect the implementation of such policies. This point is developed in several examples regarding special education and other services for children and adults with disabilities in Botswana.

There is evidence of growing disparities in primary schooling rates between urban and rural areas in Tanzania. This paper presents empirical estimates for the determinants of primary school attendance in Tanzania for the early 1990s, and provides a comparison of attendance rates between the urban and rural areas for a number of different age groups. All the estimated models provide adequate fits to the data and many of the estimated coefficients are consistent with prior expectations. A...

A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and relative frequencies of congenital heart diseases diagnosed by echocardiography among school children in Alexandria, Egypt. The study was conducted during a 1-year period (1 May 1995-1 May 1996) at the Students' Health Insurance Hospital, which is a referral center for all health insurance units, providing an echocardiography service. The prevalence of congenital heart diseases (CHD) among school children accounted for 1.01/1,000. There...

This article describes the impact of informal networks on managerial effectiveness in general and, more specifically, for that of African‐American managers. Previous research has demonstrated that network characteristics conducive to increased performance for African‐Americans differed significantly from those of white managers (e.g. Ibarra, 1995). These results are further validated in this study through the use of a different performance measure. Networking characteristics and...

This paper reports on a study of the communications strategies used in the writing of answers in biology by ESL first year BSc students of the University of Botswana. The researcher examines the four macro-strategies used by the subjects: risk taking, risk avoidance, L2-based strategies and semantic simplification. The results showed that while many ESL students preferred to use L2-based strategies such as circumlocution, generalisation and paraphrase, these strategies did not help the...