An ethnographic investigation into the teaching of writing in an African secondary school in the Pietermaritzburg area. - Hart, Michael Travers. (2000)
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Restructuring South African tertiary education : academic contributions to the debate on rationalisation - Hartman, Nadia; Scott, Ian (2000)
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Attenuation of intensity in the northern part of Egypt associated with The May 28, 1998 Mediterranean earthquake - Hassoup, Awad; Tealeb, A. (Acta Geophysica Polonica, 2000)
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Identifying Barriers Encountered by Women in the Use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) for Open and Distance Learning in Africa - The Commonwealth of Learning - Haughey, Margaret (International Journal of e-Learning and Distance Education, 2000)
This report provides a summary of a symposium held in Zanzibar in March 2000. It was the third of four meetings planned for each of the four developing geographical regions to identify the range of technologies available in the region and to outline the barriers to their use by women as distance learners and distance educators. The summary report provides synopses of the 13 African countries involved, outlines the process of the meeting, and provides the recommendations of the participants.
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Quality research in South African higher education : illusions, imperatives and ideals - Hay, Driekie (South African journal of higher education, 2000)
Since the installation of the first democratically elected government in 1994, South African higher education has been facing the daunting task of addressing substantial social transformation. The restructuring of higher education creates a number of new opportunities for researchers to contribute to social, political and economic development in the country (Segal 1998). However, the South African higher education research community is still trying to overcome the heritage of the previous fragmented higher education system which did not only hamper the quality of research outputs, but was also detrimental to the development of promising researchers and to society at large. This article is an attempt to firstly give an overview of the complexity of higher education research in South Africa. Secondly the researcher proposes distinctive prerequisites that ensure quality in South African higher education research.
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Low-income African American Women’s Cultural Models of Work: Implications for Adult Education - Hayes, Elisabeth; Way, Wendy L. (2000)
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Anguished Laments: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Education, Representation and Development of the San of Botswana - Hays, Jennifer (Ufahamu, 2000)
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Anguished Laments: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Education, Representation and Development of the San of Botswana - eScholarship - Hays, Jennifer (Ufahamu, 2000)
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What is the effect of child labour on learning achievement? Evidence from Ghana - Heady, Christopher (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2000)
This paper analyzes the links between child labour and poor school performance, using data gathered in Ghana in recent years. Author Christopher Heady moves away from conventional studies on child labour and education, which tend to focus on low school enrolment and attendance. He goes further, to examine the day to day impact of child labour on those in school, finding that, as well as leaving children too tired to learn, child labour robs them of their interest in learning. Children who are already contributing economically to their family income may be less interested in academic achievement, resulting in lack of motivation that affects both their learning and their future prospects.
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The school as a link between local and science-based knowledge: Kwermusl primary school in Mama Issara, Mbulu District, Tanzania. - Hegge, Marit Olsen (2000)
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The South African skills development strategy: a new and flexible approach towards an integrated education and training system - Heitmann, Werner (2000)
The election of the first democratic government in 1994 produced great social changes in South Africa. The new government introduced new inclusive policies and legislation and created new institutions, including new labour laws, the desegration of educational institutions, the development of a single integrated national qualification system and the introduction of industry supply side measures and regional strategic development initiatives. This paper describes the re-engineering of the South African education and training system towards an outcome-based approach, reviews the development of a National Qualifications Framework (NQF), and looks at the proposed education and training quality assurance system. The skills development strategy (SDS) initiative is described, including the development of Sector Education Training Authorities (SETAs). The role of the National Skills Fund (NSF) within the national skills development strategy is identified. The authors concludes that the SDS aims to spearhead a skills revolution in South Africa, the success of which will be measured in terms of the contribution of rising skills to productivity and employment growth, rising incomes and improved quality of life. They suggest that the success of the SDS is fundamentally dependent on the partnership between the public and private sectors.
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Importance of training for implementation of animal diseases surveillance networks in African countries - Hendrikx, Pascal; Thonnat, Jérôme; Lancelot, Renaud (2000)
In most African countries, deep changes are occurring in the organisation of national veterinary services, and in the relationships between farmers, private veterinarians and veterinary services. Moreover, the epidemiological situation of rinderpest and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, and the increasing importance of emerging diseases such as Rift valley fever gives a growing importance to valuable epidemiological information. Consequently, implementation of efficient disease surveillance networks is a priority for all the national veterinary services and training plays a major role to acquire these new working methods from the field to the central level. (Resume d'auteur)
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The sanctity of the school : new Islamic education and modern Egypt - Herrera, Linda (2000)
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The role of government in planning for the implementation of online distance education technologies in South African higher education : forum - Heydenrych, Jacob Frederik (Progressio, 2000)
South African higher education is currently in some form of competitive chaos, in which every institution is planning to be as innovative as the next. A prominent tendency is to implement the latest technology in order to enhance communication with more and more students as some form of distance education. Meanwhile the traditional distance education institutions experience a decline in student numbers.
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A comparison of the remote classroom (RC) approach and the guided independent study (GIS) approach for the university of South Africa - Heydenrych, Japie (Progressio, 2000)
This discussion aims to compare the Remote Classroom (RC) approach and the Guided Independent Study (GIS) approach using the University of South Africa (Unisa), its systems, target audience, teaching philosophy, teaching perspective and course content as the teaching and learning context. The two approaches are defined, their weaknesses and strengths are outlined, they are then applied to a specific learning context and one approach is recommended. The argument that Unisa's institutional context would be a tremendous hurdle for the introduction of the RC is investigated. Finally, a combination of technologies with a GIS approach is suggested.
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Development of the regional policy process for air pollution in Asia, Africa and Latin America. - Hicks, W. Kevin; Kuylenstierna, Johan; Mathur, Vikrom; Burijson, Viviana; Mazzucchelli, Sergio; Iyngararasan, M.; Shrestha, Surendra; Tienhoven, A. M. Van; Innes, John L.; Haron, A. H. (2000)
Air pollution is an increasingly important environmental problem in developing country regions, particularly in parts of Asia. Projections indicate that potentially large increases in emissions may occur during the next 20-50 years if current development patterns persist. This chapter focuses on the regions of East, South East and South Asia, southern Africa and the MERCOSUR countries of Latin America. The status and development of regional policy initiatives on air pollution vary from region to region. Regional/sub-regional activities have been developed through different intergovernmental organizations building (in some cases) on the experiences of intergovernmental cooperation in Europe. The initiation of international cooperation in developing country regions can be triggered by dramatic impacts at the regional level, or by increasing awareness in the policy-making community of an escalating problem. Increased contact between international and regional experts and policy makers is considered to be an important factor for developing the motivation to address regional air pollution problems.
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African voices in education - Higgs, Philip (2000)
African philosophy and educational discourse the influence of African philosophy on educational discourse the influence of African philosophy on thematic issues of concern in educational discourse
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An exploratory study of the effects of extracurricular activities on academic achievement and the self-esteem of African American middle school students, 2000 - Holcomb, Angela N (2000)
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The psychological experience of resource-based learning (RBL) within the South African higher education context - Holtzhausen, S.M.; Lategan, L.O.K. (2000)
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Community Colleges in South Africa: Towards an Inclusive and Vibrant Further Education and Training. Phase One Report. - Hoppers, Catherine A. Odora (2000)
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Indigenous language use and primary science teaching in a post-colonial society: The case of Shona in Zimbabwe - Horcajo, Susan Lori (2000)
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Middle school students' performance in mathematics in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study: South African realities - Howie, Sarah J.; Marsh, Tim; Allummoottil, J.; Glencross, Michael J.; Deliwe, C.; Hughes, Carys (Studies in Educational Evaluation, 2000)
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Mainstreaming gender in peacekeeping operations: Can Africa learn from international experience? - Hudson, Heidi (African Security Review, 2000)
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Seismic and volcanic hazards affecting the vulnerability of the Sana’a area of Yemen - Hughes, Richard; Collings, Adrian V. J. (Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2000)
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Transforming South African state and society: reflections on governance in the water and education sectors - Humphries, Richard (2000)
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Schools and the evangelical lutheran church of Papua New Guinea - Hunter, Roger (2000)
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The prevalence and practice of female genital mutilation in Nnewi, Nigeria: the impact of female education - Igwegbe, AO; Egbuonu, Ifeoma (Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2000)
Three hundred and twenty-five consecutive live female deliveries at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi were followed up for 9 months for evidence of any genital mutilation. Their mothers were examined for genital mutilation and a questionnaire based on face-to-face interview of the mothers was also administered. There was no genital mutilation observed among the 200 female babies whose mothers completed the 9 months follow up, The prevalence of genital mutilation among the mothers was 48%. The prevalence of female genital mutilation among the mothers increased with age. The circumcision index C.I. was zero and 3.0 at 16-20 years and 31-35 years age groups, respectively. Also the prevalence decreased with increasing level of education.The circumcision index was 1.0 for mothers at primary level education and least 0.33 at tertiary level of education. There was no relationship with parity. None of the mothers was willing to allow genital mutilation to be performed on her baby but 36% applied local treatment to the clitoris especially powder (28%). Dystocia was the commonest complication in the mothers and the knowledge about female genital mutilation was acquired informally from fellow women. Female education is paramount in the campaign and advocacy against female genital mutilation.
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Prevelence of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia in primary school pupils in five rural villages around Kaduna and Zaria, Nigeria - Inabo, HI; ., M.A. Galadima; Ogbadu, LJ; Okuofu, C. A. (Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2000)
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The State of Adult and Continuing Education in Africa. - Indabawa, Sabo A.; Oduaran, Akpovire; Afrik, Taï; Walters, Shirley (2000)
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A cultural perspective on adult learning : personhood and community among rural Nigerian women - Inga, Sandra Diana (2000)
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French Colonial Art Education and the Moroccan Feminine Milieu: A Case Study From Fez, 1927-1930 - Irbouh, Hamid (The Maghreb Review, 2000)
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Human capital investments in Uganda : a study of investments in primary schooling with a special look at the determinants influencing school attainment - Isakson, Henrik (2000)
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The algerian agricultural information and documentation system : how does it support national research and training ? - Issolah, Rosa; Giovannetti, Jean-François (2000)
Some ten years ago, since student enrolment was climbing rapidly, Algeria created over twenty training and research facilities devoted to agricultural sciences in the broad sense of the term. Conditions for accessing information in these establishments, which operate in a context marked by serious financial restrictions, are analysed from both a national and an international vantage point. Shortcomings in the current system make it vital for the information policy to develop new orientations primarily supported by the creation of a national network where information flows can be maintained thanks to the new technologies for information and communication (NTIC). (Resume d'auteur)
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Sexual behaviour and negotiation of the male condom by female students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria - Iwuagwu, Stella; Ajuwon, Ademola J.; Olaseha, I. O. (Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2000)
This study explored the sexual behaviour of unmarried female students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, and assessed the extent to which those who were sexually active negotiated and used the male condom. Four focus group discussions were conducted followed by a survey of 354 students. The results show that the mean age of the students was 22.5 years 55.1% had had sexual intercourse; the mean age at first intercourse was 16.5 years. The number of lifetime sexual partners ranged from 1 to 20 with a mean of 3.4; 75% of those who had had sex reported ever using condom; 16.9% and 39% used it during their first and last sexual episodes respectively; only 34.3% used it consistently. Seventy-three per cent had ever negotiated condom use with a partner, but only 41% did so during their last sexual encounter. A significant association was found between condom negotiation and number of sexual partners: Students with fewer life time partners (3.2) had less frequently negotiated condom use than those with more partners (4.3) ( P <0.05). Condom negotiators also scored significantly higher (4.6) on a 6-point AIDS Knowledge Score than those who had never done so (4.0) ( P <0.05). About a quarter (26.7%) had ever bought a condom, while 38.5% had ever carried it. We conclude that although many female students had sometimes used a condom only a few used it consistently and are therefore at risk of the unintended outcomes of unprotected sex. We propose appropriate interventions to address the problem.
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Training Kenyan bird ringers - Jackson, Jerome A. (Ostrich, 2000)
Jackson, J. 2000. Training Kenyan bird ringers. Ostrich 71 (1 & 2): 342. Capturing and ringing birds is a fundamental ornithological field technique, and one that underlies much bird conservation research. In several countries, particularly in Britain and parts of western Europe, ringing is largely an amateur activity. Enthusiasts ring birds in their free time and take part in national surveys, enabling the effective monitoring of bird populations and movements. Until recently ringing in Kenya has been undertaken almost entirely by a handful of expatriate researchers and enthusiasts. Over the last 1CL15 years, it has also been largely confined to one site: Ngulia in Tsavo West National Park. Ringing effort has targeted Palaearctic migrants, mainly ignoring Afrotropical birds. The number of amateur and professional Kenyan ornithologists is fast increasing, but only a handful have any ringing experience. The remainder lack the resources to obtain the necessary equipment or the opportunity to undergo the long training required to become a qualified ringer. In June 1994, the, Nairobi Ringing Group was formed, based at the Department of Ornithology, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi. The Group provides an opportunity for interested Kenyans to train as amateur ringers to a high standard, using departmental equipment and expertise. Ringing takes place twice weekly at the Nairobi Museum grounds and monthly at a constant effort site in a forest near Nairobi. Excursions have been made to other sites including Lake Magadi, for training in ringing waders, and Ngulia. The Group has a core of seven to ten members and a further 30 have taken part to varying degrees. Over 2 500 birds have been ringed so far and much learned about the identification, ageing and moult of the commoner species.
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A future quality assurance scenario for South African higher education : national perspectives - Jacobs, Danie (South African journal of higher education, 2000)
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Generic style music preferences of urban South African students. - James, Jennifer Sharon. (2000)
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Why NOT engineering?: the process of career choice amongst South African female students - Jawitz, Jeff; Case, Jennifer M.; Tshabalala, Matseliso (International Journal of Engineering Education, 2000)
This paper seeks to inform current initiatives to attract more women to study engineering. The poolof suitably qualified students at UCT was investigated, and from this group an interviewee samplewas drawn of top achievers in school mathematics and physical science who had elected to studycourses other than engineering. The interviews yielded information on the process of career choiceamongst these students. Findings concerned the universality of medicine as an initial choice, and thecurrent attraction towards commerce. Engineering was only considered by students who ultimatelychose B.Sc. degrees, and these were the only students who had a positive experience of schoolphysical science.
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Quality education and equality in education: A dilemma for democratic South Africa? - Jc, Steyn (South African Journal of Education, 2000)
It is easy to blame the present educational crisis in South Africa on either the incompetence of the present government or the apartheid policies of the previous government. This may be symptomatic of two existing schools of thought as expressed by some proponents of quality education (liberal democrats) and equality in education (social democrats). Why is the issue (quality or equality ?) repeatedly raised in the present educational debate ? The answer is obvious: there are fears and concerns regarding the future of education in South Africa that neither of these ideals will be achieved. The article touches on, inter alia: a philosophical reflection on quality and equality in education; liberal democratic and social democratic interpretations of the two keywords; present perceptions (and misconceptions) regarding quality and equality in South African education; the views of role players, such as big business and trade unions, as influential forces behind the drive for quality and equality, respectively; the official educational thinking on quality and equality; the everyday experience in South Africa of quality and equality; experiences from certain European countries (young democracies) in this regard. During the current period of transition and transformation in our country the search for a delicate balance between quality education and equality in education has become a problematic issue. The aim of this article is not to propagate either the quality or the equality paradigm or to offer a final answer, but rather to arrive at a better understanding of the problem and attempt to give an answer to the question: how can the establishment of a true democratic culture pave the way for the accommodation and reconciliation of both of these broad, but only loosely understood ideals in educational policy making and planning.
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Discussion Paper 8. Lesotho: A Baseline Study of the Teacher Education System - Jobo, Mantoetse; Khiba, R.; Lefoka, Pulane; Liphoto, Neo Paul; Mapuru, Puleng; Molise, M.K.; Moeti, Bakadzi; Moorosi, M.; Nenty, H. Johnson; Ntoi, Vuyelwa; Qhobela, B.; Sebatane, E. Molapi; et al. (2000)
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The Quality of Learning and Teaching in Developing Countries: Assessing Literacy and Numeracy in Malawi and Sri Lanka - Johnson, David; Hayter, John B.; Broadfoot, Patricia (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2000)
Research was conducted between 1996 and 1998 with the aim of developing a methodology for assessing and monitoring children's learning in developing countries. The study was framed by the multi-disciplinary theoretical framework of socio-cultural research, drawing specifically on the methodological orientation of action and intervention in research. In this case, 30 teachers each in Malawi and Sri Lanka took part in a system of activities in which they developed appropriate protocols for classroom-based assessment, designed and administered a variety of novel assessment tasks, collected evidence of children's work and discussed these collectively in groups, and recorded and profiled children's achievement in literacy and mathematics. Results indicated that in both countries teachers had reasonably good intuitive knowledge of students and learning but inadequate systems for collecting and interpreting evidence of achievement in literacy and mathematics. Once they were exposed to the intervention process of the research, it became clear that teachers, despite enormous resource constraints, were able to establish standards and norms based on their professional experiences, develop procedures for assessment, administer assessment tasks, and develop portfolios of evidence and assemble a profile of student achievements. Challenges to achieving this are not be underestimated and do vary between socio-cultural contexts. Four sets of profiles were developed in both English and the national languages of the countries. These were: (1) oracy profiles; (2) reading profiles; (3) writing profiles; and (4) mathematical profiles. The study concludes that the activity-based intervention is a useful approach to developing insights into learning, teaching , and monitoring educational quality. (Contains 44 references and 21 figures.) (Author/BT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ocoecgumacxmo orgcpcmcigoe
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The Quality of Learning and Teaching in Developing Countries: Assessing Literacy and Numeracy in Malawi and Sri Lanka - Johnson, David; Hayter, John B.; Broadfoot, Patricia (2000)
Research was conducted between 1996 and 1998 with the aim of developing a methodology for assessing and monitoring children's learning in developing countries. The study was framed by the multi-disciplinary theoretical framework of socio-cultural research, drawing specifically on the methodological orientation of action and intervention in research. In this case, 30 teachers each in Malawi and Sri Lanka took part in a system of activities in which they developed appropriate protocols for classroom-based assessment, designed and administered a variety of novel assessment tasks, collected evidence of children's work and discussed these collectively in groups, and recorded and profiled children's achievement in literacy and mathematics. Results indicated that in both countries teachers had reasonably good intuitive knowledge of students and learning but inadequate systems for collecting and interpreting evidence of achievement in literacy and mathematics. Once they were exposed to the intervention process of the research, it became clear that teachers, despite enormous resource constraints, were able to establish standards and norms based on their professional experiences, develop procedures for assessment, administer assessment tasks, and develop portfolios of evidence and assemble a profile of student achievements. Challenges to achieving this are not be underestimated and do vary between socio-cultural contexts. Four sets of profiles were developed in both English and the national languages of the countries. These were: (1) oracy profiles; (2) reading profiles; (3) writing profiles; and (4) mathematical profiles. The study concludes that the activity-based intervention is a useful approach to developing insights into learning, teaching , and monitoring educational quality. (Contains 44 references and 21 figures.) (Author/BT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ocoecgumacxmo orgcpcmcigoe
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The Quality of Learning and Teaching in Developing Countries: Assessing Literacy and Numeracy in Malawi and Sri Lanka. Education Research Paper. Knowledge & Research. - Johnson, David; Hayter, John B.; Broadfoot, Patricia (2000)
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Early Medical Schools in Nigeria - join(, Adell Patton; Adeloye, A (International Journal of African Historical Studies, 2000)
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The Financing of Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa - Jongbloed, Benjamin W.A.; Teekens, Hanneke (2000)
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Aflatoxins and Ochratoxins in Urine Samples of School Children in Mokonde, Southern Sierra Leone - Jonsyn-Ellis, Felixtina (Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine, 2000)
Purpose: The widespread contamination of foodstuff in Sierra Leone with toxigenic fungi, namely Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus, necessitated this study to determine the frequencies and levels of aflatoxins and ochratoxins in urine samples of school children, and the relationship between these levels and the nutritional status of the children. Design: Analysis of the presence and quantity of toxins in urine samples from children at a single school. Materials and Methods: Urine specimens were collected from primary school children in Mokonde, Njala, Southern Sierra Leone during both the rainy and the dry seasons. One hundred and ninety samples were obtained in the rainy season, and 244 in the dry. The samples were analyzed by HPLC for aflatoxins and ochratoxins. Anthropometric measurements for these children were also recorded. Results: The contamination rates of urine samples with aflatoxins and/or ochratoxins were 98% and 99.5% during the rainy and dry season respectively. Dry season samples had higher levels of these toxins than rainy season samples. The nutritional status of these children had no correlation to the prevalence of mycotoxins in their urine samples. Conclusions: It is evident that children in this study area are exposed to frequent and at times high levels of mycotoxins. The role of these toxins in the general health of these children needs to be further investigated if "health for all" is to be a realistic goal. A future cohort study with these school children could determine the role of mycotoxins in the aetiology of certain childhood diseases. There is also a need to establish a cancer registry in the country to provide relevant information on the prevalence and types of cancer.
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The implications of bilingualism in learning and teaching: the case of Tanzania secondary schools - Kadeghe, Michael (2000)
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Observations on African elephants (Loxodonta africana), including possible urine drinking, during a severe drought in Zimbabwe - Kahl, M. P.; Armstrong, Billie D. (Elephant, 2000)
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THE TUNISIAN UNIVERSITY AT THE CROSSING OF WAYS: Discussion of the World Bank Report on Higher Education in Tunisia (1998) - Kahla, Karim Ben (2000)
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Urban African-American middle school science students: Does standards-based teaching make a difference? - Kahle, Jane Butler; Meece, Judith L.; Scantlebury, Kathryn (Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2000)
The current reform movement in science education promotes standards-based teaching, including the use of inquiry, problem solving, and open-ended questioning, to improve student achievement. This study examines the influence of standards-based teaching practices on the achievement of urban, African-American, middle school science students. Science classes of teachers who had participated in the professional development (n = 8) of Ohio's statewide systemic initiative (SSI) were matched with classes of teachers (n = 10) who had not participated. Data were gathered using group-administered questionnaires and achievement tests that were specifically designed for Ohio's SSI. Analyses indicate that teachers who frequently used standards-based teaching practices positively influenced urban, African-American students' science achievement and attitudes, especially for boys. Additionally, teachers' involvement in the SSI's professional development was positively related to the reported use of standards-based teaching practices in the classroom. The findings support the efficacy of high-quality professional development to change teaching practices and to enhance student learning. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 1019–1041, 2000
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An investigation into language policy and training and development in South African industry, with particular reference to departmental practice at Eskom. - Kajee, Leila (2000)
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Interfacing Language Research with Policy: The Case of Language in Education in Malawi - Kamwendo, Gregory (Nordic Journal of African Studies, 2000)
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Learning for economic development : a case study of West African women and their potential replication: Seminar for the working group in on-formal education, University of Nairobi. - Kanini, Mbwesa J (2000)
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Education and employment in Botswana - Kann, Ulla (Southern African Review of Education with Education with Production, 2000)
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Prevalence of smoking among medical students at Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda - Kanyesigye, Edward; Basiraha, R.; Ampaire, Anne; Wabwire, G.; Waniaye, John Baptist; Muchuro, Simon; Nkangi, E. (2000)
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Development of Education in Kenya - Karani, Florida A (2000)
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"Facilitating and Managing Learning Diversity in Non-Formal Education in Kenya" - Karani, Florida A (2000)
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Research Priorities in Adult and Continuing Education in Kenya" in The State of Adult and Continuing Education in Africa - Karani, Florida A (2000)
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"Structure and Function of Distance Learning To-day with Special Reference to Kenya". - Karani, Florida A (2000)
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The History and Development of School Libraries in Sierra Leone - Kargbo, John Abdul (School libraries worldwide, 2000)
The school library is perceived as an import ant aspect of Sierra Leone's educational system, but unfortunately the general school library situation is Sierra Leone is far from satisfactory. Many school libraries exhibit serious shortcomings, or are virtually nonexistent. There is no single aspect of Sierra Leone's national educational policy in more urgent need of development that the school library. Since the 1960s when Sierra Leone gained independence, efforts have been made to include the school library in the country's national policy on education and to take its provision and development in schools seriously.
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Empowering Agricultural Labour in Ethiopia: The Challenges to Training and Development - Kassa, Belay (Africa Development, 2000)
This paper reviews the historical development of agricultural education and training in Ethiopian institutions of higher learning. The review reveals that high level training in agriculture, which began in the early 1950s, has grown over the years. Today, the country has seven institutions of higher learning which train students in agriculture and related fields. The study shows that a host of factors, however, have put a stranglehold on the training process and the professional competence of agricultural graduates. Moreover, the results shed new light on the widening gap between the country's existing limited capacity to train agricultural labour and the ever increasing demand for highly skilled graduates in the sector. The study also reveals that the scarcity of highly qualified agricultural professionals, those with Bachelor's degree and above, has been accentuated and intensified through time. Résumé Le présent article analyse l'évolution historique de l'éducation et de la formation dans le domaine de l'agriculture au niveau de l'enseignement supérieur en Éthiopie. L'étude révèle que la formation au niveau supérieur de la main-d'œuvre agricole a commencé au début des années 50 et qu'à présent, le pays compte sept institutions d'enseignement supérieur pour la formation des étudiants dans l'agriculture et dans d'autres domaines connexes. L'étude montre qu'une multitude de facteurs s'érigent en obstacles au processus de formation et inhibent la compétence professionnelle des étudiants agronomes. Qui plus est, les résultats mettent en exergue le fossé qui s'élargit entre la capacité limitée actuelle du pays à former la main-d'œuvre agricole dans le secteur et la demande sans cesse croissante de plus de diplômés dans ce secteur. Par ailleurs, l'étude révèle qu'au fil du temps on assiste à l'accentuation et à l'intensification de la pénurie de professionnels agricoles hautement qualifiés, ceux-là qui ont obtenu leur Licence et autres diplômes supérieurs. (Africa Development: 2000 25(1&2): 161-190)
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University education in Uganda: quality despite adversity. - Kassam, Aliya (PubMed, 2000)
Imagine yourself as the vice-chancellor of one of the most distinguished universities in Africa. Your institution has survived many government changes and civil war. Now, financial support from the government is being reduced. To make matters worse, your country needs trained manpower and the demand for university places is rising dramatically. What do you do?
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Learning to learn : New approaches to training in Botswana - Kaye, O.M.; Modise, Stephen (Southern African Review of Education with Education with Production, 2000)
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Stability and resilience of South African savanna grasslands to drought - Kennedy, Adam Scott (2000)
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REACHING SWAZI NATION LAND FARMERS: CHALLENGES TO THE CREDIBILITY OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN SWAZILAND K.J.B. Keregero Department of Agriculture Education and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture UNIVERSITY OF SWAZILAND, LUYENGO M205, SWAZILAND - Keregero, K.J.B. (UNISWA Journal of Agriculture, 2000)
Agricultural extension services have been availed to Swazi Nation Land (SNL) farmers for seven decades now. However, increasing concern that the services have not contributed significantly to the improvement of the conditions and wellbeing of farmers points to a mounting credibility problem. The paper reflects on various studies that have been undertaken in the country and argues that the threat to the credibility of agricultural extension lies in: myths associated with extension behaviour; characteristics of agricultural extension workers; sources of agricultural extension knowledge; extension staffing and coverage; approach used by extension workers; and characteristics of extension clientele. The key observations are that: extension practice has ignored indigenous knowledge; the extension job is male dominated and gender stereotyped; extension workers are relatively lowly qualified and only moderately experienced; conventionally recognised sources of agricultural information are poorly regarded by clientele; community meetings have not been successfully utilised for extension; women who constitute the majority as cultivators of the land are not directly recognised as extension clientele; and rural people tend to portray mutual distrust in interpersonal relations. The agricultural extension service is generally weak in addressing its mandate, and calls for review in order to seriously address its credibility problem. (UNISWA J Agric: 2000 9: 79-89)
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"The Africanist School : a study in South African historiography" - Kgatle, Mmasoding Rachel (2000)
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Impact of pollution on productivity and fisheries of Lake Mariut, Egypt. - Khalil, Magdy T. (International journal of ecology and environmental sciences, 2000)
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The importance of Kiswahili medium of instruction in secondary school education in Tanzania - Kihore, Yared Magori (Kiswahili, 2000)
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The contribution of parental discipline, parental monitoring, and school risk to early-onset conduct problems in African American boys and girls. - Kilgore, Kim; Snyder, James J.; Lentz, Chris (Developmental Psychology, 2000)
The association of parental discipline and monitoring with the early conduct problems of 123 boys and girls was assessed in a highly disadvantaged, African American sample. Prospective analyses indicated that, after earlier conduct problems were controlled for, coercive parent discipline and poor parental monitoring at age 4 1/2 were independent, reliable predictors of age 6 conduct problems for both boys and girls. The association of parental monitoring with later child conduct problems was mediated, in part, by parents' choice of higher risk schools for their children's kindergarten education. The association of family income with child conduct problems was mediated by parental discipline and monitoring. These models are consistent with previous research on older, European American, more advantaged, male samples, which supports the generality of the association of family processes with child conduct problems across child gender, age, and ethnicity.
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The contribution of parental discipline, parental monitoring, and school risk to early-onset conduct problems in African American boys and girls. - Kilgore, Kim; Snyder, James J.; Lentz, Chris (Developmental Psychology, 2000)
The association of parental discipline and monitoring with the early conduct problems of 123 boys and girls was assessed in a highly disadvantaged, African American sample. Prospective analyses indicated that, after earlier conduct problems were controlled for, coercive parent discipline and poor parental monitoring at age 4 1/2 were independent, reliable predictors of age 6 conduct problems for both boys and girls. The association of parental monitoring with later child conduct problems was mediated, in part, by parents' choice of higher risk schools for their children's kindergarten education. The association of family income with child conduct problems was mediated by parental discipline and monitoring. These models are consistent with previous research on older, European American, more advantaged, male samples, which supports the generality of the association of family processes with child conduct problems across child gender, age, and ethnicity.
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Perspectives on the environmental education training needs in southern Africa : the view of the SADC Regional Environmental Education Programme. - Kiln, Sally Ann. (2000)
The world environmental crisis has ed to a growing international concern to promote sustainable development. Environmental education is being heralded as one of the foremost responses to the promotion of sustainable development The Southern African Development Community Environment and Land Management Sector initiated a programme to support environmental education in the region. Among other things, this programme offers various forms of training for environmental educators in an attempt to meet the needs of southern Africa. The purpose of this report is to investigate the environmental education training needs in the southern African region. The research itself concentrates on the environmental education training needs as articulated by participants in, and applicants to, the Southern African Development Community Regional Environmental Education Programme (SADC-REEP). The report documents the establishment of the SADC-REEP and the environmental education training it offers within the context of current thinking on environmental education processes in the region. It then goes on to document the training needs articulated by the research respondents. This leads to a discussion of the articulated needs in relation to the current training offered by the SADC-REEP. The research reveals common themes expressed amongst the research respondents as to the training needs of the region. These themes include such issues as a broader understanding of environmental education processes, networking and the ability to disseminate information. These themes have led to recommendations for the SADC-REEP for the enhancement of their training programmes.
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Response of bread wheat genotypes to drought simulation under a mobile rain shelter in Kenya. - Kimurto, Paul; Kinyua, M. G.; Njoroge, J. M. (2000)
Selection of drought tolerant wheat genotypes for Arid and Semi-arid lands (ASALS) of Kenya, which consist of 83% of total land area, can provide alternative agricultural land for expansion. To reduce cost of dryland research, simulated drought under a rain shelter offers a good alternative for screening because marginal areas are vast and widespread. Four moisture regimes which simulated terminal, early, mid- and late- season droughts were created under the mobile rain shelter at Njoro in 1998/99, by applying drip irrigation (i) up to seedling stage (70 mm) (ii) through tillering (82 mm) (iii) up to anthesis (94 mm) and (iv) grain filling (106 mm), respectively, to determine drought responses of five wheat varieties (Duma, R748, R830, R831 and R833) and identify drought tolerant genotypes. Control watering regime had 118 mm applied at all stages. Yield and yield components in each season and the two seasons combined showed significant difference (P Key Words: Duma, irrigation, dryland, moisture stress Resume La selection des genotypes tolerant a la secheresse pour les terres arides et semi-arides (ASALS) du Kenya, lesquelles consistent a 83% de la surface de terre, peut pourvenir de terre pour l'expansion agricole. Pour reduire le cout de la recherche dans les regions arides, la secheresse simulee a l'abris de la pluie offre une bonne alternative pour la selection parce que les aires marginales sont vastes et eparpillees. Pour les regimes humides qui sont simules a l'etat terminal, matinal, en pleine et en retard des saisons seches etaient crees sous un abri mobile a Njoro entre 1998/1999, par application de l'irrigation par goutte 1) jusqu'a l' etape de semis (70 mm) ii) a travers le labourage (82 mm), iii) jusqu'a l'etape d'anthere (94 mm) et iv) graine nourrissante (106 mm), respectivement pour determiner les reponses a la secheresse aux cinq varietes de ble (Duma, R748, R830, R831 et R833) et identifier les genotypes tolerant la secheresse. Le controle du regime en eau avait 118 mm appliques a toutes les etapes. Les composants de la production et du rendement dans chaque saison et les deux saisons combinees ont montre une difference significative (P Mots Cles: Duma, irrigation, terre seche, stress d'humidite (Af Crop Sci J 2003 Vol 11 No 3 pp225-234
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Mizani Yangu (a Collection Of Poems In Swahili. It Has Been A Kenya Teachers - Kinene, Mutiso (2000)
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Socializing influences and the value of sex: The experience of adolescent school girls in rural Masaka, Uganda - Kinsman, John; Nyanzi, Stella; Pool, Robert (Culture, Health & Sexuality, 2000)
To explore the socializing influences which have shaped rural adolescent schoolgirls' views and values about sex in a high HIV prevalence area of Uganda, detailed qualitative data were obtained over a 1-year period from 15 schoolgirls aged 14-17 years. The girls were chosen for their willingness to participate actively in a series of role plays, focus group discussions, and one-to-one interviews. Results indicated that the girls have been subjected to a wide range of influences, including parents, social functions, other young children, nature, their paternal aunt, peers, school, and various media, such as pornography. Moreover, there was disagreement about the relative values of sex and virginity. Some were determined to retain their virginity but the majority felt that sex benefits them socially and personally. Notably, peer pressure was a major factor influencing the opinions of many girls, while traditional influences are in decline. Given the small sample size of the study, care should be taken in generalizing from the results. However, the data suggest that sex has a high value for at least a substantial minority of adolescent girls in rural Misaka, Uganda. Policy makers and health educators should therefore consider how best to devise safe messages about sex that are relevant and applicable to this vulnerable segment of the population.
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Developing wheat varieties for the drought-prone areas of Kenya: 1996-1999. - Kinyua, M. G.; Otukho, B.; Abdalla, O. (2000)
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An attempt to embrace implementing successful physical education and school sport programmes at community level within the South African context. - Kj, Van Deventer (2000)
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Magnetostratigraphy of young pliocene volcanics at Santo Antão, Cape Verde Islands: The Escabecada and Chã de Morte Profile - Knudsen, Mads Faurschou; Abrahamsen, Niels (Physics and chemistry of the earth, 2000)
Palaeomagnetic investigations of the lava flows in two profiles on the island of Sao Antão are presented. It is concluded that the ca. 290 m Cha de Morte-Profile is dominantly of reverse polarity, equivalent to a Lower Matuyama age (between 2.1 and 2.6 Ma). The slightly older Escabecada Profile, covering 15 lava flows, ca. 110m, shows reverse polarity in the top flows, and a dominant normal polarity in the lower flows, suggesting an age between 2.5 to 3 Ma, equivalent to the older part of Matuyama and the younger part of Gauss (marine chron C2An.1n). A minimum eruption frequency of the lava flows in the Escabecada Profile, equivalent to one flow every 15.0 ± ca. 5 Ka, is suggested.
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Splenectomy in severe forms of haemoglobinopathy (experience of Yopougon's haematology service teaching hospital in Abidjan, Ivory Coast). - Koffi, K. G.; Sanogo, I.; Toure, A. H.; Allangba, Olivier; N'dri, O. D.; Aguéhoundé, C.; Sangaré, A. (Médecine d'Afrique Noire, 2000)
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The teachers', parents', and students' perceptions of the meaning of parent involvement in education in two community junior secondary schools in Botswana - Kolagano, Lapologang (2000)
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Social Studies in Tanzania. In Adeyemi, M (ed), Social Studies in African Education - Komba, Willy L. M. (2000)
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Societal learning for environmental protection and management in Mali - Kone, Moctar (2000)
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A comparison of education characteristics of urban and rural schools in Kenya - Kones, JK; Owino, JO (2000)
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Towards inclusive and sustainable development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo - Kostner, Markus (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2000)
Soon after coming to power in May 1997, the new government of Congo initiated a national reconstruction process, based on the principles of decentralization, and participation, to overcome the centralist, and authoritarian legacies of the past. The Government also prepared, and adopted a decree-law in 1998, with a view to institutionalizing these two principles during a transition period of two years. Despite the resurgence of war in August 1998, the Government's decentralization policy remains, by and large appropriate. After presenting the legacies of Mobutu's rule that propel the current need for decentralization, and participation, the paper discusses what these ideas mean to people at the grassroots level. Harnessing some of the many ideas expressed in consultations, and conferences sponsored by the Government, the paper discusses the substance of the Government's decentralization policy, and the extent to which it was applied. The paper goes on to explain the growing role of traditional, and religious actors within Congolese society, and discusses their relationship to the new Government. Finally, the paper suggests building on the policy already initiated by the Government, to institutionalize participation, and decentralization, and use them to overcome the divisions left by decades of conflict.
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Changing Modes: New Knowledge Production and Its Implications for Higher Education in South Africa. - Kraak, André (2000)
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Investigating new knowledge production: a South African higher education survey - Kraak, André (2000)
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The Digital Divide in Educating African-American Students and Workers - Krueger, Alan B. (Social Science Research Network, 2000)
This paper uses data from the October Current Population Survey (CPS) School Enrollment Supplement in 1984, 1989, 1993 and 1997 to calculate the gap in computer use between African-American, Hispanic and White Students. Black students were 16 percentage points less likely than White students to use a computer in school in 1984, and only 6 percentage points less likely in 1997. The Hispanic-White gap in computer use is now larger than the Black-White gap in computer use. Differences in the use of the internet at school are also documented. Black and Hispanic students seem to lag behind in using the latest technology in school, and their teachers seem to lag behind in their preparation to use the latest technology. Potential causes of this digital divide are evaluated. Consequences of the digital divide are also considered.
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Foreign students: the Lesotho students' reasons, learning and social experiences in the Western Cape, South Africa - Kuili, Anna Malihlano (2000)
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Governance, leadership and institutional change in South African higher education: Grappling with instability - Kulati, Tembile (Tertiary Education and Management, 2000)
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Discussion Paper 12. The Malawi Integrated In-Service TeacherEducation Programme and its School-based Components. - Kunje, Demis; Chirembo, S. (2000)
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Discussion Paper 2. The Costs and Financing of Teacher Education in Malawi. - Kunje, Demis; Lewin, Kurt (2000)
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Great Ideas for Teaching about Africa (review) - Kuntz, Patricia S. (Africa Today, 2000)
Bastian, Misty L. and Jane L. Parpart. 1999. Great Ideas for Teaching About Africa. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. 243 pp.
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Volcanology of the kimberlitic Gibeon Volcanic Field, southern Namibia - Kurszlaukis, S.; Lorenz, Volker (2000)
The Gibeon Kimberlite Field consists of at least 42 diatremes and numerous dikes. It shows a systematic location of carbonatites and highly evolved kimberlites towards the margins of the field, suggesting a close genetic and, hence, age relationship between these rocks. Age determinations from kimberlites and carbonatites uniformly point towards an Upper Cretaceous volcanic activity. As the kimberlite diatremes commonly cut downwards on the dikes, the kimberlite dikes and diatremes must be genetically closely related with each other. The kimberlite diatremes are assumed to have formed on the dikes when kimberlite magma contacted groundwater resulting in phreatomagmatic explosions. In a second, non-explosive phase in a few diatremes, kimberlite magma intruded and formed plugs at shallow diatreme levels of 320 to 420 m below the original surface.
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Mobilizing African American Faith Communities: A Strategy for Improving the Achievement of African American Students in Rural School Districts. Rural Education Issue Digest. - Kusimo, Patricia S.; Trulear, Harold Dean (2000)
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Hard Learning in Zimbabwe (SADET) and in Post-civil War Mozambique - Labra, Isabel; Labra, Ivàn (2000)
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Cadaver profile at University of Stellenbosch Medical School, South Africa, 1956-1996 - Labuschagne, B.C.J.; Mathey, B (Clinical Anatomy, 2000)
Data on 1,698 cadavers donated during the period 1956-1996 were obtained from files of the Department of Anatomy and Histology at the University of Stellenbosch Medical School, Tygerberg Hospital, South Africa, to project a profile of the characteristics of those accepted on the program for dissection. A breakdown of the data also provided information on the profile of donors belonging to different population groups. Donors to our program were predominantly male (68%) and predominantly colored, which in South Africa identifies those of mixed heritage (63%). The average age of death was 55 years (range 15-98). Donors belonging to the white population group had the highest female : male ratio. Circulatory disorders accounted for most deaths in the white population group (48%), whereas cancer was the leading cause of death in the colored and black population groups ( approximately 25%). Pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 13% deaths in the colored population group, 14% of deaths in the black population group, but only 0.5% of deaths in the white population group. Cervical cancer and breast cancer accounted for approximately one-third of cancer deaths in women, with cervical cancer more common in colored and black female donors and breast cancer more common in white female donors. The cadaver profile in general reflects the health status of the different population groups in South Africa. The profiles of the colored and black groups reflect that of disadvantaged population groups (a high prevalence of infectious disease; relatively young populations), whereas the white donor profile is that of a privileged population group (a high prevalence of degenerative disease; aging population).
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UNH Student Looks at Economic Impact of the AIDS Epidemic in Africa - Lathrop, Janet (2000)
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Preliminary Investigation of the Abuse of Girls in Zimbabwean Junior Secondary Schools. Education Research Paper. Knowledge & Research. - Leach, Fiona; Machakanja, Pamela (2000)
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Preliminary investigation of the abuse of girls in Zimbabwean junior secondary schools - Leach, Fiona; Machakanja, Pamela; Mandoga, Jennifer (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2000)
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Preliminary Investigation of the Abuse of Girls in Zimbabwean Junior Secondary Schools - Leach, Fiona; Machakanja, Pamela; Mandoga, Jennifer (2000)
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Aspects off the Instrumentalization of the University in Nigeria: Students' experience and the current significance of the certificate - Lebeau, Yann (2000)
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Multimedia Learning Materials for African Languages. - Leben, William R.; Schuh, Russell G. (2000)
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Storm, Whirlwind and Earthquake: Apocalypse and the African-American Novel - Lee, A. Robert (2000)
Frederick Douglass, whose oratory along with his landmark Narrative (1845) of slave life in and then escape from the plantations of Maryland made him one of the ascendant black voices of abolition, implies a Final Reckoning for the slaveholding America just having celebrated Independence Day 1852.5 Marcus Garvey, 1920s Harlem luminary and prime mover in the ‘Back To Africa’ nationalist movement as embodied in his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), and then in the ill-fated Black Star Line by which he thought to take returnee blacks to Liberia and elsewhere in the ‘mother continent’, envisages worlds at binary racial opposites.
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Storm, Whirlwind and Earthquake: Apocalypse and the African-American Novel - Lee, A. Robert (2000)
Frederick Douglass, whose oratory along with his landmark Narrative (1845) of slave life in and then escape from the plantations of Maryland made him one of the ascendant black voices of abolition, implies a Final Reckoning for the slaveholding America just having celebrated Independence Day 1852.5 Marcus Garvey, 1920s Harlem luminary and prime mover in the ‘Back To Africa’ nationalist movement as embodied in his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), and then in the ill-fated Black Star Line by which he thought to take returnee blacks to Liberia and elsewhere in the ‘mother continent’, envisages worlds at binary racial opposites.
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Discussion Paper 24. The experience of training: a study of students at the National Teacher Training College in Lesotho. - Lefoka, J.P.; Jobo, Meshesha Make; Moeti, Bakadzi; Stuart, Janet S. (2000)
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The implementation of the Namibian language policy in education: Lower primary grades and preservice teacher education - Legère, Karsten; Tréwby, Richard; Graan, Mariana van (2000)
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The provision of formal education among pastoral communities in Kenya: 1900-1990 - Lemoosa, Peter Letotin (2000)
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The provision of formal western education among the Kenyan pastoral communities; 1900-1990 - Lemoosa, Peter Letotin (2000)
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Simple school questionnaires can map both Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium in the Democratic Republic of Congo - Lengeler, Christian; Makwala, Jérôme; Ngimbi, Dennis; Utzinger, Jürg (Acta Tropica, 2000)
The use of self-administered questionnaires has been shown in different African countries to be inexpensive and reliable for the rapid identification of communities at highest risk of urinary schistosomiasis. For intestinal schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni there is a clear need for a similar approach. We report the results from a large-scale study undertaken in the western part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC, formerly Zaı̈re). Within 4 weeks questionnaires were correctly completed in 136 out of 160 schools (85%). In 57 of these schools children were screened for infections with schistosomes and geohelminths. The prevalence of ‘schistosomiasis’ as reported in the questionnaires showed the best correlation with the prevalence of S. mansoni infections (r=0.77, P<0.0001). Calculations of the diagnostic performance of reported ‘schistosomiasis’ to detect schools with a high risk of intestinal schistosomiasis gave positive predictive values of 87 and 62%, and negative predictive values of 74 and 87% for moderate and high infection thresholds, respectively. Reported ‘blood in stool’ was another useful indicator for intestinal schistosomiasis. Reported ‘blood in urine’ showed the best correlation with urinary schistosomiasis (r=0.75, P<0.001) and the positive predictive values were 81 and 50%, and the negative predictive values were 89 and 95% for moderate and high infection thresholds, respectively. We conclude that school children in DRC have a distinct perception of intestinal and urinary schistosomiasis and that questionnaires could be useful to identify high-risk schools for both parasites.
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How does one evaluate the effectiveness of electronic learning in a South African context - Leonard, Cecil J. (EdMedia: World Conference on Educational Media and Technology, 2000)
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Discussion Paper 10. Costs and Financing of Teacher Education in Lesotho. - Lewin, Kurt; Nenty, H. Johnson; Ntoi, Vuyelwa; Mapuru, Puleng (2000)
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An Investigation of Preservice Teachers' Perceptions of African American Students' Ability To Achieve in Mathematics and Science. - Lewis, Bradford F.; Collins, Alicia; Pitts, Vanessa R. (2000)
This study investigated the perceptions of 30 predominantly white pre-service teachers about African American students' ability to achieve mathematics and science. Participants completed a three-part, open-ended questionnaire that asked them about their experiences with and awareness of African American students' mathematics and science achievement, reasons for African American students' low mathematics and science achievement, and changes or interventions they would suggest to address this problem. The questionnaire essentially assessed student teachers for awareness of, culpability in, and modifications to improve the mathematics and science achievement of African American students. Results indicated that respondents' perceptions of the mathematics and science ability of African American students were best characterized by King's (1991) notion of dysconscious racism, an uncritical habit of mind that justifies inequity and exploitation by accepting the existing order of things as given. Over one-third of the respondents were unaware of the problem. Respondents most often placed culpability for achievement with students' culture and community. Respondents overwhelmingly suggested modifications to the teaching and learning process as a vehicle for improving African American students' mathematics and science achievement. (Contains 34 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. PRESERVICE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS 00 ci AN INVESTIGATION OF PRESERVICE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS' ABILITY TO ACHIEVE IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY radiotJ Le-oi TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) CI This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. CI Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. ° Points of view or opinions stated this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Bradford F. Lewis, Ph.D. and Vanessa Pitts Department of Instruction and Learning University of Pittsburgh Alicia Collins Department of Administrative and Policy Studies University of Pittsburgh Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association April 24-28, 2000 New Orleans, LA BEST COPY AVALABLE 2 PRESERVICE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS 2 An Investigation of Preservice Teachers' Perceptions of African American Students' Ability to Achieve Mathematics and Science INTRODUCTION Somehow, I happened to be alone the classroom with Mr. Ostrowski, my English teacher. He was a tall, rather reddish white man and he had a thick mustache. I had gotten some of my best marks under him, and he had always made me feel that he liked me. He was, as I have mentioned, a natural-born advisor, about what you ought to read, to do, or thinkabout any and everything. We used to make unkind jokes about him: why was he teaching Mason instead of somewhere else, getting for himself some of the success life that he kept telling us how to get? I know that he probably meant well what he happened to advise me that day. I doubt that he meant any harm. It was just his nature as an American white man. I was one of his top students, one of the school's top students but all he could see for me was the kind of future in your place that almost all white people see for black people. He told me, Malcolm, you ought to be thinking about a career. Have you been giving it thought? The truth is, I hadn't. I never have figured out why I told him, Well, yes, sir, I've been thinking I'd like to be a lawyer. Lansing certainly had no Negro lawyers or doctors either those days, to hold up an image I might have aspired to. All I really knew for certain was that a lawyer didn't wash dishes, as I was doing. Mr. Ostrowski looked surprised, I remember, and leaned back his chair and clasped his hands behind his head. He kind of half-smiled and said, Malcolm, one of life's first needs is for us to be realistic. Don't misunderstand me, now. We all here like you, you know that. But you've got to be realistic about being a nigger. A lawyer that's no realistic goal for a nigger. You need to think about something you can be. You're good with your hands making things. Everybody admires your carpentry shop Why don't you plan on carpentry? People like you as a person you'd get all kinds of work. (X, 1964. p.36-37) The problem that gives impetus to the present study is the low number of African American students who pursue science-related careers (Lewis, 1997; Lewis & Collins, 2000). At least since 1977 African Americans have consistently comprised less than 2% of practicing Ph.D. holding scientists (National Science Board, 1996); and at least since 1971 scholars have sought to understand the causes of underrepresentation through empirical research. While extant research has identified numerous factors, which correlate with students' career decisions, such as the number of math and science courses taken (Thomas, 1984), and the influence of math and science
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Is there a 'space' for enabling disparate knowledge traditions to work together? Challenges for Science (Education) in an African context. - Lll, Le Grange (South African Journal of Education, 2000)
In recent years we have witnessed a rethinking of the status of Western science as a result of critiques of science by sociologists of knowledge, feminists and post-colonialists Turnbull (1997:551) points out that Western Science is undergoing a process of 'decentring' recognising that there are other ways of knowing in addition to Eurocentric and egocentric ones. These developments provide particular challenges for science (education) in Western and non-Western countries, in the context of complex globalisation processes, currently prevalent. Recently, we have witnessed the optimism for an African Renaissance, including the role that science and technology can play in Africa 's development. This article critically explores a 'space' for knowledge production, which may enable both Western science and African Indigenous knowledges to coexist. The implications of such a 'space' for science (education) in an African context are explored.
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Food-related behaviors during drought: a study of rural Fulani, northeastern Nigeria - Lockett, Cassius T.; Grivetti, Louis E. (International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2000)
Two rural settled Fulani villages in northeast Nigeria were surveyed for dietary practices and use of edible wild plants (n = 100 adult subjects). Dietary patterns and medical data were obtained for children under 5, pregnant and lactating women and the elderly. A diversified diet was maintained at both geographical locations through hunting, gathering, agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, food exchanges and cash purchases. Edible wild plants associated with children included fruits of baure (Ficus sycomorus), faru (Lannea schiniperi), giginya (Gardenia aqualla), kokiya (Strychnos spinosa) and nunu (Parinari curatellitolia). Leaves of shiwaka (Veronia colorate) were consumed by lactating women to stimulate breastmilk production. Generally, fruits of baure (Ficus sycomorus) were eaten to counter stomach pain; fruits of kisni (Bridelia ferruginea) were eaten to treat diarrhea; and bark of kuka (Adansonia digitata) was consumed for weight gain. Food storage was more important during wet seasons than dry because of local and regional flooding. Adult Fulani men rode to distant markets on bicycles, while women walked to market and in some instances expended 3200 kcal/day engaging in this activity.
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Energy and micronutrient composition of dietary and medicinal wild plants consumed during drought. Study of rural Fulani, Northeastern Nigeria - Lockett, Christopher C. Calvert Cassius T. (International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2000)
Two rural settled Fulani villages, northeastern Nigeria, were surveyed for dietary practices and use of edible wild plants (n = 100 households). Commonly consumed species of edible wild barks, fruits, leaves, nuts, seeds, and tubers were analyzed for protein, fat, and carbohydrate and for minerals. Kuka bark (Adansonia digitata) given to infants to increase weight gain was high in fat, calcium, copper, iron, and zinc. Cediya (Ficus thonningii), dorowa (Parkia biglobosa) and zogale (Moringa oleifera) were good sources of protein and fat and excellent sources of calcium and iron or copper and zinc. Fruits, leaves, and nuts of aduwa (Balanites aegyptiaca) were widely used during the dry season and during drought. Edible wild species available during the wet season generally were inferior in energy and micronutrient mineral content compared to dry season plants. Fruits commonly eaten by children were poor sources of protein and minerals but rich in carbohydrate and fiber. Tsamiya seeds (Tamarindus indica) were good sources of zinc and used to make dawwa (porridge) commonly consumed during pregnancy. Kirya seeds (Prosopos africana) contained the highest zinc concentrations. Shiwaka leaves (Veronia colorate) consumed by pregnant women to increase breastmilk production and to expel intestinal worms, were high in fiber, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and were adequate sources of calcium.
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Cross currents : contemporary art practice in South Africa, an exhibition in two parts : Atkinson Gallery, Millfield School, June to September 2000 - Loder, Robert; Green, Len; Picton, John; Law, Jennifer (2000)
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Comparison of high intensity noise-induced hearing loss between the FMMU albino and pigmented guinea pigs - Long-jun, MA (Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University, 2000)
objective To elucidate the relationship between blast-induced hearing loss and pigmentation. Methods We studied the cochlear structure changes of FMMU albino guinea pigs and pigmented ones by using cochlear pave section, cochlear semithickness section and scanning electron microscope. Result The pathological changes in cochlear were more obvious in FMMU albino animals than in pigment ones. Conclusion There is a relationship between inner ear striae vascularis melanin and blast-induced hearing loss. The mechanism seems to be that the melanin participates in the maintenance of the endolymphatic calcium balance and the clearing of the cochlear radical oxygen species.
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How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: A Step-by-Step to Teach Yourself - Loprieno, António; Collier, Mark; Manley, Bill (International Journal of African Historical Studies, 2000)
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Helminthosis among primary school children in Lere local government area Kaduna State, Nigeria - Luka, Sodangi Abdulkarim; Ajogi, I.; Umoh, J. U. (Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2000)
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Education for all by 2015: the Dakar framework of action. A report on the World education forum held in Dakar, Senegal 26th-286h April 2000 - Lungwangwa, Geoffrey (2000)
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The Relationship Between Perceived Availability of Mentors, Expressed Need for Mentoring, and Student Satisfaction Among African American and Hispanic American Graduate Students - Lutcher, Denise (2000)
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Mentoring and 'Others': The Mentoring Experiences of African American Students in a Predominantly White Institution of Higher Education - Lynch, Robin Vann (2000)
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Development Of Trade Education In Kenya - M, Joseph Chege (2000)
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Influence of drought or elephant on the dynamics of key woodland species in a semiarid African savanna. - MacGregor, Shaun D. (2000)
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Race, culture and social work education in the South African interregnum : a contextual analysis of attitudes and practice in the period 1990-1994 - Mackintosh, Ian (2000)
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NGOs and Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Instruments of Hegemony or Surreptitious Resistance? - Maclure, Richard (Education and Society, 2000)
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Organizational Culture and Its Impact on African American Teachers - Madsen, Jean; Mabokela, Reitumetse Obakeng (American Educational Research Journal, 2000)
This article provides a descriptive analysis of how the organizational culture of schools and the cultural values that African American teachers bring into the school affect the professional experience of these teachers in schools where they are in the minority. The culture within an organization strongly influences how minorities will be treated by their European American counterparts. Because the majority establishes the work norms, there becomes a uniformity of rules and regulations with which people of color are expected to comply. Strong organizational cultures provide cues on how to behave and establish reinforcing expectations to influence organizational members.
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Organizational Culture and Its Impact on African American Teachers - Madsen, Jean; Mabokela, Reitumetse Obakeng (American Educational Research Journal, 2000)
This article provides a descriptive analysis of how the organizational culture of schools and the cultural values that African American teachers bring into the school affect the professional experience of these teachers in schools where they are in the minority. The culture within an organization strongly influences how minorities will be treated by their European American counterparts. Because the majority establishes the work norms, there becomes a uniformity of rules and regulations with which people of color are expected to comply. Strong organizational cultures provide cues on how to behave and establish reinforcing expectations to influence organizational members.
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Delimitation of community lands in Mozambique: a participatory training process. - Madureira, S. (2000)
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Perceptions of success and reasons for success : a study of two successful senior secondary schools in Botswana - Maedza, Marcos Tlhaloso (2000)
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Teaching for metacognition : developing independent, self-regulated learners in the North West Province of the Republic of South Africa - Magwenzi, Kwazi Ntombizodwa (2000)
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Marginalizing African Indigenous Knowledges in Education and its Impact on Development: The Case of Somalia - Mah, Ahmed (Education and Society, 2000)
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[Training systems for peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] in Morocco.] - Mahhou, Ahmed; Elghazzali, Morad (Fruits, 2000)
Introduction. Selon le mode de conduite qui lui est applique, l'arbre acquiert une forme qui peut avoir divers effets sur ses caracteres de vegetation et de fructification. Une etude a ete entreprise pour aider l'arboriculteur marocain a choisir un mode de conduite du pecher, adapte aux conditions locales. Materiel et methodes. Les effets de six modes de conduite, utilises communement en vergers, ont ete etudies sur le comportement de la variete de pecher July Lady, greffee sur franc de pecher et plantee selon un dispositif completement aleatoire dans la region d'Oulmes au Maroc. L'evaluation a porte sur un certain nombre de caracteristiques morphologiques et physiologiques des arbres et des fruits. Resultats. Les taux de floraison, de nouaison et de fructification n'ont pas varie avec le mode de conduite. Cependant, la forme de l'arbre a influence la vigueur, l'echelonnement de la maturite, le rendement, le calibre, et le poids moyen des fruits. Conclusion. Les rendements obtenus avec des pechers conduits en «gobelet» et «palmettes» ont ete superieurs a ceux des formes en «tatura treillis», « Y » et « axe » qui ont, cependant, donne une meilleure proportion de bons calibres. Toutefois, a partir des deux caracteristiques tonnage et calibre, les meilleurs rendements ont ete obtenus sur les pechers conduits en «gobelet» et «palmettes».
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Life saving skills training in Malawi: Is it any use? - Makawa, J.A.; Jonazi, M.; Hussein, Julia; Bokosi, Martha (International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2000)
International Journal of Gynecology & ObstetricsVolume 70, Issue S4 p. D59-D59 Education Life saving skills training in Malawi: Is it any use? J.A. Makawa, J.A. MakawaSearch for more papers by this authorM. Jonazi, M. JonaziSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Hussein, J. HusseinSearch for more papers by this authorM. Bokosi, M. BokosiSearch for more papers by this author J.A. Makawa, J.A. MakawaSearch for more papers by this authorM. Jonazi, M. JonaziSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Hussein, J. HusseinSearch for more papers by this authorM. Bokosi, M. BokosiSearch for more papers by this author First published: 11 December 2003 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(00)81862-7AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume70, IssueS42000Pages D59-D59 RelatedInformation
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The development of container logistics in intermodal transport in South Africa : training in shipping - Makhubedu, Donald (2000)
Title of Dissertation: The development of container logistics and Intermodal transport in South Africa: Training in shipping. Degree. Master of Science in Maritime Education and Training. South Africa serves as a gateway to Africa. The port of Durban Container Terminal is used as a hub port, but it is not up to the standard to facilitate intermodalism within the country and to other overboarder countries. The flow on intermodal operations face a wide range of challenges, including inadequate modal infrastructure, intermodal networks, constrained terminal capacity and door to door service quality and overall performance by interfering with the smooth flow of goods and information over the multimodal network. The Durban Container Terminal requires a large capital investment in handling equipment. The transshipment introduces delays as cargo is moved in and out of storage and can lead to complications in the assignment of legal and insurance responsibilities. Concerning overboarder countries, there are currently no regional procedures to transit traffic, border post delays and lack of backhaul opportunities, non standard gross vehicle mass dimension, and miscellaneous permits, road and user charge. It is for the above reasons that this paper attempts to examine the current development of container logistics and intermodal transport in South Africa. Central to the problem of integrated intermodal transport, this paper also strives to propose an integration of education and training.
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The notion of inclusive democracy: what is new, and has Lesotho, with its reformed electoral system, edged any closer to this ideal? - Makoa, Francis K. (Lesotho Law Journal: A Journal of Law and Development, 2000)
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The Impact of HIV/AIDS on the Education Sector in Southern Africa - Malaney, Pia (2000)
The objectives of the Consulting Assistance on Economic Reform (CAER II) project are to contribute to broad-based and sustainable economic growth and to improve the policy reform content of USAID assistance activities that aim to strengthen markets in recipient countries. Services are provided by the Harvard Institute for International Development (HIID) and its subcontractors. It is funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, Bureau for Global Programs, Field Support and Research, Center for Economic Growth and Agricultural Development, Office of Emerging Markets through Contracts PCE-C-00-95-00015-00 and PCE-Q-00-95-00016-00. This paper was funded by contract PCE-C-00-95-00015-00, Task Order No. 42 Copyright 2000 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
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Tanzanian primary school students’ action-control beliefs. How do they compare with children from other countries? - Malmberg, L-E; Wanner, Brigitte; Sumra, Suleman; Little, Todd D. (2000)
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Agency beliefs about school achievement: Tanzanian primary school students in two city schools - Malmberg, Lars‐Erik (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 2000)
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Social work education in a changing socio-political and economic dispensation: Perspectives from South Africa - Mamphiswana, Dovhani; Noyoo, Ndangwa (International Social Work, 2000)
This article explores and examines the relevance and efficacy of social work education in a transforming South Africa which has embraced the ethos of equality and social justice. It argues for a more developmentally oriented social work education and training so as to enhance and enrich practice.
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Workshop on the exchange and training on farming practices and durability: conference proceedings, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, 8-15 October, 1995. - Manichon, Hubert; Pichot, J. P. (2000)
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What cannot be endured must be cured : untying the gordian knot of violence in South African schools - Maree, K. (Acta Criminologica: Southern African Journal of Criminology, 2000)
Alarmist as it may sound, some South African schools are increasingly beginning to resemble war zones. Almost on a daily basis new reports appear regarding the escalation of violence in schools. Furthermore, there seems to be a spectacular lack of decisive leadership in the war against runaway crime in schools. It has become clear that all schools are not free to teach and all pupils not free to learn.
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Technical assistance and training plan to the Ministry of Pre-university and Civic Education's Equity Committee in Guinea - Marphatia, Akanksha A. (2000)
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“When Am I Ever Going to Use This?:” School-Level Factors and Mathematics Socialization Among African-American Students - Martin, Danny Bernard (2000)
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Co-Creating Spaces of Critical Hope through the Use of a Psychosocial Peace Building Education Course in Higher Education in Protracted Refugee Context: Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya - Martin, Staci B. (2000)
An unprecedented 65.6 million persons are forcibly displaced (e.g., refugees, asylumseekers, IDPs).Half are youth.Hope is often the feeling that sustains youth through intolerable conditions.Basic education in protracted areas is seen as a protective factor that nurtures hope and psychosocial wellbeing in the lives of children and youth.This research sought to extend this concept to the higher education in protracted refugee context, where refugees (ages 18-35) were able to co-create spaces of hope that recognized their own agency and their ability to question the status quo while developing critical thinking skills.Based on a theoretical framework of the philosophy of hope, psychology of hope, pedagogy of hope, and critical hope, I explored with refugees their perceptions of hope before, during, and after their participation of my psychosocial peace-building education course over a period of six months.Using a pragmatic mixed-methods community-based action approach, I collected: 31 Hope Index of Staats surveys (pre, post, and a follow-up six months later), eight semi-structured interviews (two interviews and then a follow up six months later for each participant), student reflection journals, and researcher field notes.A thematic analysis revealed four themes: Reflecting on critical hope and critical despair; reconciling identities; resurfacing narratives and creating new narratives of hope; and restoring hope and agency in higher education.By nurturing hopeful views and co-creating opportunities for critical thinking skills, refugees seem to be able to continue to play a pivotal role in rebuilding a stronger, just, and peaceful civil society.Before I started this Ed.D., I ran a couple of ultra marathons.With Ultras you have to have the mindset you will finish regardless of how many times you fall or how tired you are.You will get up and move forward.At times, you will walk and perhaps wonder (more times than I want to admit) why in the world did I sign up and pay up to do this race.If you are lucky you will have partner(s) who will run alongside you and push you forward.I feel as if for past three years, I have been doing an ultra marathon and I have had many people running alongside me.I have had one steady person, other than my family and husband who has guided me through this unknown process with wit, stories, and energy.Dr. Dannelle D. Stevens, thank you for chairing my committee.In many ways, you have become my metaphorical running coach who has supported me through my falls, my successes, and made things possible when I thought it was impossible.Countless times you have been a beacon of hope and a "hope pusher" in the times that I have been in despair.You gave me the time, place, and space to be heard, seen, and valued.Dr. Micki M. Caskey, thank-you for running alongside me.Your enthusiasm
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The Cameroon Volcanic Line Revisited: Petrogenesis of Continental Basaltic Magmas from Lithospheric and Asthenospheric Mantle Sources - Marzoli, Andréa; Piccirillo, E. M.; Renne, Paul R.; Bellieni, G.; Iacumin, M.; Nyobe, J. B.; Tongwa, A. T. (Journal of Petrology, 2000)
The volcanic activity of Mts Bambouto and Oku (Western Highlands) and of the Ngaoundere Plateau, in the continental sector of the Cameroon Volcanic Line, Equatorial West Africa, ranges in age from Oligocene to Recent. It is characterized by basanitic, alkali basaltic and transitional basaltic series. Mineral chemistry, major and trace element bulk-rock compositions, and geochemical modelling suggest that the magmatic series evolved mainly at low pressure (2–4 kbar) through fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene and olivine ± magnetite, at moderately hydrated (H2O = 0·5–1 wt %) and QFM (quartz–fayalite–magnetite) to QFM + 1 fO2 conditions. Basalts from Ngaoundere (Miocene to Quaternary) and from the early activity (31–14 Ma) of the Western Highlands have incompatible trace element and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions similar to those of oceanic Cameroon Line basalts, pointing to a similar asthenospheric mantle source. By contrast, the late (15–4 Ma) Western Highlands basanites and alkali basalts have anomalously high concentrations of Sr, Ba and P, and low concentrations of Zr, which are exclusive features of continental Cameroon basalts. The genesis of these latter magmas is consistent with derivation from an incompatible element enriched, amphibole-bearing lithospheric mantle source. Western Highlands basalts show a continuous spectrum from high to low Sr–Ba–P compositions, and may result from variable amounts of mixing between melts derived from an anhydrous lherzolite source (asthenospheric component) and melts from an amphibole-bearing peridotite source (lithospheric HSr component). New 40Ar/39Ar ages for Mts Oku and Bambouto basalts, combined with previous 40Ar/39Ar and K/Ar ages of basaltic and silicic volcanics, and with volcanic stratigraphy, suggest a NE–SW younging of the peak magmatic activity in the Western Highlands. This SW younging trend, extending from the Oligocene volcanism in northern Cameroon (e.g. Mt Oku) to the still active Mt Cameroon, suggests that the African plate is moving above a deep-seated mantle thermal anomaly. However, the age and location of the Ngaoundere volcanism does not conform to the NE–SW younging trend, implying that the continental sector of the Cameroon Volcanic Line cannot be easily interpreted as the surface expression of a single hotspot system.
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Learning South African languages : the historical origins of standard Xhosa , and the uses to which the written form of the language was put c. 1770-1935 - Mathiesen, Kim Brereton (2000)
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African American college students excelling in the sciences: College and postcollege outcomes in the Meyerhoff Scholars Program - Matón, Kenneth I.; Hrabowski, Freeman A.; Schmitt, Carol (Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2000)
This paper describes and assesses the effectiveness of the Meyerhoff Scholars Program at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). The Program is designed to increase the number of underrepresented minorities who pursue graduate and professional degrees in science and engineering. Until 1996 the program admitted African American students exclusively, and the current study focuses only on students from that group. The Meyerhoff students have achieved higher grade point averages, graduated in science and engineering at higher rates, and gained admittance to graduate schools at higher rates than multiple current and historical comparison samples. Student survey and interview data revealed that a number of program components were viewed as being especially important contributors to students' academic success: Program Community, Study Groups, Summer Bridge Program, Financial Support, Program Staff, and Research Internships and Mentors. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 629–654, 2000
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Evaluation of the impact of climate change on water resources in Usuthu River Basin, Swaziland - Matondo, Jonathan I.; Msibi, Kenneth M. (UNISWA Research Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology, 2000)
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Traditional African education : its significance to current educational practices with special reference to Zimbabwe. - Matsika, Chrispen (2000)
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The evolution of higher education in Zimbabwe - Maunde, Raymund Zaranyika (2000)
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Learner support: a South African programme perspective - Mays, Tony (2000)
In 1999, the South African Institute for Distance Education (SAIDE) undertook a research study into learner support practices in South Africa. The research was motivated by SAIDE's own interest and various national policy documents calling for more and better learner support. The guiding principle in the research that underpinned the study was to try to draw out useful lessons of experience from actual South African practice. The overall finding was that learner support is now seen as an integral component of [distance education] DE provision and should be included in all planning and budgeting right from the start.
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Characterization of the smoking habit among high school students in Syria. - Maziak, Wasim; Mzayek, Fawaz (European Journal of Epidemiology, 2000)
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The role of Information, Communications and Technology (ICT) in Education Improvement and Development in Tanzania - Mboma, Lucy Mary (2000)
Edited by: Lwaitama F A, Mtalo G. E and Mboma M L. University of Dar es Salaam Convocation ISBN 9987892817
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AFRICAN ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR TEACHERS: SEX AND RURAL-URBAN COMPARISONS IN TEACHERS' PERCEIVED BEHAVIORS - Mboya, Mzobanzi M. (Psychological reports, 2000)
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Transformational learning: small-scale farmers' learning processes about crop markets in southern Zambia. - Mbozi, Emmy H. (2000)
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Language and education in Cameroon: a sociolinguistic perspective - Mbuagbaw, Tanyi Eyong (2000)
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Criminology: A Teaching Manual for the School of Continuing Education, Department of Defense, Kenya (co-authored). - Mbuba, Jospeter M. (2000)
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Kati McClurg, Peace Corps Volunteer and MLIS student, Ruacana, Namibia: A Day in Her Life - McClurg, Kati (School libraries worldwide, 2000)
Good morning! My name is Kati McClurg. I am a United States Peace Corps Volunteer at the Ruacana Teachers' Resource Centre (TRC) in Ruacana, Namibia. Before coming to Namibia, I was a Head Start Teacher for six years in Portage, Wisconsin.
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The Algerian War in the French education system : a case study of the transmission of memory - McCormack, Jo (2000)
This thesis examines and its transmission through a case study of the Algerian war of national independence in terminale history classes in France. It argues that while these classes may, in relative terms, be an important vector of memory for the young, in absolute terms very little information is transmitted. Indeed, as currently taught, the history of the Algerian war is increasingly partial, fragmentary and selective. This is clearly shown through a study of both written and oral sources, including particularly textbooks and extensive interviews with pupils, teachers and historians. Various theories of are referred to in order to explain this position, as are a number of practical considerations. It is argued that, at the national/collective level, the past still to a large extent determines the present desire to live together. History classes continue to play an important role in this process (despite significant changes in social formations). More specifically, the complex relationship between individual and collective constructions of the past is examined by discussing the experiences of both teachers and pupils. Particular attention is given here to the way in which a collective French is transmitted to children of immigrant origin. The way the war is taught serves both to reflect and to determine its wider social commemoration, and history lessons thus contribute to the generational transformation of this that may now be observed. The thesis concludes that it is more accurate to talk now of an almost total French ignorance of the Algerian war, rather than of the psychological repression conventionally associated with the conflict. Moreover, the continued existence of competing accounts of the war on the part of mutually hostile interest groups serves further to limit its discussion, as does the weakness of other vectors of memory. The stakes of the Algerian memory-war'? are still high, as selective comparisons with the Vichy experience reveal. It seems ultimately that the Algerian war is examined sufficiently to avoid the emergence of significant resentment from any quarter, but not adequately to permit any genuine questioning of what remains a little known period of the French past.
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Multicultural Teaching: African-American Faculty Classroom Teaching Experiences in Predominantly White Colleges and Universities. - McGowan, Juanita M. (2000)
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What does globalisation mean for education in African countries - McGrath, Simon (Southern African Review of Education with Education with Production, 2000)
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Public Libraries and Distance Education in Tanzania: Issues and Dilemmas - Mcharazo, Alli (Libri, 2000)
This work highlights issues and dilemmas facing libraries and distance learners in Tanzania. It is based on interviews carried out with Open University of Tanzania students, deans of the Open University, public librarians, and academic librarians. Inadequate reading materials, inadequate reading space, charging for services, and lack of qualified staff are some of the issues facing public libraries in serving distance learners. Distance learners are also unfamiliar with the requirements of distance education. There is a need to embark on new approaches to support these students.
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Mordecai Johnson: An Early Pillar of African-American Higher Education - McKinney, Richard I. (Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, 2000)
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The Role and Organization of Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa - Meer, Peter van der; Jongbloed, Benjamin W.A.; Teekens, Hanneke (2000)
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Lessons learned from two years of in‐service‐training for midwives at onandjokwe hospital in Northern Namibia - Meguid, Tarek; Ikeakanam, Ottilie Tangeni Omuwa; Petrova, Valeriya (International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2000)
International Journal of Gynecology & ObstetricsVolume 70, Issue S4 p. D59-D59 Education Lessons learned from two years of in-service-training for midwives at onandjokwe hospital in Northern Namibia T. Meguid, T. MeguidSearch for more papers by this authorO. Ikeakanam, O. IkeakanamSearch for more papers by this authorV.A. Petrova, V.A. PetrovaSearch for more papers by this author T. Meguid, T. MeguidSearch for more papers by this authorO. Ikeakanam, O. IkeakanamSearch for more papers by this authorV.A. Petrova, V.A. PetrovaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 11 December 2003 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(00)81860-3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume70, IssueS42000Pages D59-D59 RelatedInformation
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Screening of four groundnut cultivars from nigeria for drought resistance - Mensah, John Victor; Okpere, Vera E. (Legume Research, 2000)
Germination studies on the seeds of four groundnuts (Arachis hypogea L., cultivars: Ex-Dakar RRB 12, RMP 12, RMP 91) under different osmotic solutions in the laboratory as a means of screening for drought resistance is reported. These laboratory results have also been compat Ed to sane agronomic and yield parameters of plants grown under simulated drought conditions in the field. Maximum germination percentage, radicle length and dry weight measurements were attainted in two cultivars, viz: RMP 91 and Ex-Dakar and were therefore identified as the drought resistant cultivars. Susceptibility of the cultivars to drought was shown by the relatively greater reduction in yield per plant compared to the resistant cultivars. The labotatoty results showed that germination of seeds in polyethylene glycol (PEG), glucose or sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions at 1.2 Mpa and 1.8 Mpa could be reliably used as a quick and cost effective procedure for screening groundnut cultivars for drought resistance at an early stage of their growth and development.
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School Mathematics in Ghana: 1960 - 2000 - Mereku, Kofi (2000)
The official school mathematics curriculum - textbooks, teacher’s handbooks, and syllabus has a powerful influence on classroom practice in a developing country like Ghana, where many teachers with low teaching qualifications hardly ever have access to other sources of information and activity for their teaching. The current official mathematics curricula materials for Ghanaian basic schools (the Ghana Mathematics Series) were originally written with the small intellectual elite, who will proceed to secondary and further education, in mind. This presentation examines  why concerns were raised internationally for countries still using the ‘new math’ textbook schemes to adjust them;  the effects of curriculum development projects in the mathematics and educational reforms on the Ghanaian school mathematics curriculum;  how the Ghanaian official school mathematics curriculum is being reviewed to meet the challenges of the new millennium.
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Nutritional Status of Pre-School Children in Rural Nigeria: Relationships with Intestinal Helminthiasis - Meremikwu, MM; Antia-Obong, OE; Aa, Asindi; Gc, Ejezie (2000)
Objectives: To assess the nutritional status of pre-school children in a rural community in Nigeria and to evaluate the relationship between anthropometric status and intestinal helminthiasis Method: A prospective randomized cross-sectional survey of 195 children living in a farm community at the outskirts of Calabar. Main outcome measures: Anthropometric status, helminth infection rate. Results: Overall prevalence rates of underweight, stunting and wasting were 37.9%, 21.5% and 6.7% respectively while the corresponding rates in helminth infected children were 36.6%, 42.9% and 9.9%. The prevalence rates of underweight, wasting, and stunting were higher in infected than the non-infected children, but only the difference in the rate of stunting reached statistical significance (p = 0.052). Conclusion: Helminthiasis may contribute to the high prevalence of malnutrition in rural Nigerian children. Key Words: Nutritional Status, Intestinal Helminthiasis, Pre-School Children. Jnl of Medical Investigation and Practice Vol.1 2000: 18-20
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Extension and training activities under the Special Programme for Food Security in the United Republic of Tanzania. - Mero, A. N. (2000)
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Collaboration on environmental research and education between universities in Denmark, Malaysia, Thailand and Southern Africa - Mertz, Ole; Mohamad, Murtedza; Magid, Jakob; Birch‐Thomsen, Torben; Oksen, Peter (Currents, 2000)
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Donor Participation in the Education Sector in Ghana - Mettle-Nunoo, Rojo; Hilditch, Louise (2000)
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Telematic Post-basic Nursing Education at the University of Pretoria in South Africa: - Meyer, Salomé (EdMedia: World Conference on Educational Media and Technology, 2000)
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An investigation of male and female employment opportunities and training needs in home economics related businesses in Botswana - Mhango, Mary Wezi (Mosenodi, 2000)
The study investigated employment opportunities, competencies required and training needs in home economics related businesses in Botswana. The sample comprised managers, supervisors, and operators working in food service, clothing manufacturing and textile production. Structured questionnaires were administered to subjects to collect data on competencies required, employment by gender and their training needs. Results indicate that home economics related businesses offered a variety of employment opportunities to men and women in Botswana. In the businesses covered in the study, most employees were trained on the job and it is suggested that training is needed in basic production skills, communication and human relations skills. This creates a need for home economics education programmes to prepare individuals for this viable job market. As part of the ongoing curricula reform in Botswana, home economics curricula at various levels of education should be designed to prepare both men and women for entry into home economics related businesses.
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The role of education in the construction of a post-apartheid South Africa - Mitani, Kinuko (2000)
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Mid-level African-American women administrators in higher education institutions: Struggles and strategies - Mitchell-Crump, Pamela (2000)
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Learning from the experts: A new approach to poverty reduction South African Homeless People's Federation and People's Dialogue on Land and Shelter - Mitlin, Diana (2000)
Poverty reduction programmes and policies are widespread although it is widely recognised that few have been successful. New projects are frequently started without any acknowledgement being made that rarely have the previous programmes made any substantive impact. Meanwhile the problems of poverty remain.
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Environmental education efforts to conserve biodiversity: a case from Madagascar. - Mj, Simsik (Proceedings of the ... Society of American Foresters National Convention., 2000)
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Non-organic intellectuals and "learning" in policy-making Africa - Mkandawire, Thandika (2000)
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African Perspectives on Programs for North American Students in Africa: The Experience of the University of Dar es Salaam - Mlama, Penina Muhando (African Issues, 2000)
The University of Dar es Salaam has a long history of links with universities in different parts of the world. Currently it has formal link agreements with 61 universities in Africa, Asia, and Europe, including 12 in North America (11 in the United States and 1 in Canada). Seven out of the 12 include student exchange at undergraduate or graduate levels. These universities include Carleton, Brown, Connecticut, Hampton, Florida, Iowa, North Carolina (Chapel Hill), universities in the consortium of American Lutheran colleges, and a number of others organized under the International Student Exchange Program (ISEP) and the International Reciprocal Student Exchange Program (IRSEP).
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African Perspectives on Programs for North American Students in Africa: The Experience of the University of Dar es Salaam - Mlama, Penina O. (African Issues, 2000)
The University of Dar es Salaam' has a long history of links with universities in different parts of the world. Currently it has formal link agreements with 61 universities in Africa, Asia, and Europe, including 12 in North America (11 in the United States and 1 in Canada). Seven out of the 12 include student exchange at undergraduate or graduate levels. These universities include Carleton, Brown, Connecticut, Hampton, Florida, Iowa, North Carolina (Chapel Hill), universities in the consortium of American Lutheran colleges, and a number of others organized under the International Student Exchange Program (ISEP) and the International Reciprocal Student Exchange Program (IRSEP). The student exchange programs facilitate an exchange of both undergraduate and graduate students. The University of Dar es Salaam admits foreign students as occasional, shortterm, or full-time students. About 80 undergraduates and 20 graduate students are admitted annually under these agreements with a few others coming in as private students. The total student population in the University of Dar es Salaam stands at 4,500. In return the University of Dar es Salaam sends undergraduate and graduate students to the partner universities. However, the undergraduate students are sent only to exchange universities in Africa. Because of expensive fee structures and travel and upkeep expenses, the University of Dar
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The status of higher education in Morocco : a qualitative examination of the university student experience - Mobasheri, Cherie Mineart (2000)
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Remote Earthquake Triggering along the Dead Sea Fault in Syria following the 1995 Gulf of Aqaba Earthquake (Ms = 7.3) - Mohamad, Randa; Darkal, A.; Şeber, Dog̃an; Sandvol, Eric; Gomez, Francisco; Barazangi, Muawia (Seismological Research Letters, 2000)
Research Article| January 01, 2000 Remote Earthquake Triggering along the Dead Sea Fault in Syria following the 1995 Gulf of Aqaba Earthquake (Ms = 7.3) Randa Mohamad; Randa Mohamad General Establishment of Geology and Mineral Resources Syrian National Seismological Center Damascus, Syria (R.M.) Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Abdul Nasser Darkal; Abdul Nasser Darkal Geology Department Damascus University Damascus, Syria (A.N.D.) Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Dogan Seber; Dogan Seber Institute for the Study of the Continents Cornell University Snee Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 U.S.A. (D.S., E.S., F.G., M.B.) Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Eric Sandvol; Eric Sandvol Institute for the Study of the Continents Cornell University Snee Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 U.S.A. (D.S., E.S., F.G., M.B.) Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Francisco Gomez; Francisco Gomez Institute for the Study of the Continents Cornell University Snee Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 U.S.A. (D.S., E.S., F.G., M.B.) Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Muawia Barazangi Muawia Barazangi Institute for the Study of the Continents Cornell University Snee Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 U.S.A. (D.S., E.S., F.G., M.B.) Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Seismological Research Letters (2000) 71 (1): 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.71.1.47 Article history first online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Randa Mohamad, Abdul Nasser Darkal, Dogan Seber, Eric Sandvol, Francisco Gomez, Muawia Barazangi; Remote Earthquake Triggering along the Dead Sea Fault in Syria following the 1995 Gulf of Aqaba Earthquake (Ms = 7.3). Seismological Research Letters 2000;; 71 (1): 47–52. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.71.1.47 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search On 22 November 1995, a large (Ms = 7.3) earthquake occurred in the central Gulf of Aqaba region that was felt at distances of up to 600 km. This was the largest earthquake to occur along the Dead Sea Fault system (DSFS) during the 20th century. This earthquake was followed by an aftershock sequence that lasted for more than one year, with numerous shocks exceeding a magnitude of 5.0. The centroid moment tensor (CMT) location of the mainshock was 29.07° and 34.73° and the hypocentral depth was at about 18 km. In this study, we report a peculiar... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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The Assessment of Water Quality and Pollution in Tanzania - Mohammed, Salim M. (2000)
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An investigation of experiential learning theory : a case study of the Certificate in Adult Education Program in Lesotho. - Mohasi, Mantina V. (2000)
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Distance learning and training of trainers for persons who work with children with special needs in the Western Cape Province of South Africa - Molteno, Christopher; Kench, E. (2000)
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Assessing technology education in Botswana Junior Secondary Curriculum: case study of teachers' classroom practices - Molwane, Olefile Bethuel (2000)
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A survey of the writing needs of nursing students in Botswana - Mooko, Theophilus (2000)
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Prediction of binge drinking intentions of female school-leavers in Cape Town, South Africa, using the theory of planned behaviour - Morojele, Neo K.; Parry, Charles; Ziervogel, C. F.; Robertson, Brian (Journal of Substance Use, 2000)
The study examines the utility of the theory of planned behaviour, with and without inclusion of self-identity, moral obligation and past behaviour, in the prediction of binge drinking intentions of female school-leavers in Cape Town, South Africa. The participants comprised 221 Grade 12 females from three schools located in formerly ‘white’, ‘coloured’ and ‘African’ areas (identified as Schools 1, 2 and 3, respectively). They completed questionnaire measures of drinking behaviour, constructs of the theory of planned behaviour, and self-identity and moral obligation. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses supported the theory of planned behaviour for students in each school. Addition of self-identity, moral obligation and past behaviour to the theory of planned behaviour variables led to a significant increase in intention prediction for students in Schools 1 and 3. Past behaviour and moral obligation had independent effects on intention for School I students, while self-identity and moral obligation had independent effects on intention for School 3 students. The findings suggest that the theory of planned behaviour, and the additional variables, are useful for predicting binge drinking intentions of female school-leavers in South Africa. They suggest a need for interventions to be sensitive to socio-cultural differences in the determinants of females' binge drinking intentions.
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A comparison of Science teachers' and students' priorities for improving the teaching and learning of Science in Lesotho high schools in the 21st Century - Moru, Adelina M (2000)
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Student Centered WebCT Instruction for African Language. - Moshi, Lioba; Òjó, Akinloyè (2000)
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Support to Uganda Primary Education Reform - Moulton, Jeanne (2000)
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Formulating effective policy: issues in language and education in Malawi - Moyo, Cromwell Themba (2000)
Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of African Languages at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2000.
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Grammatical Terminology for the Teaching of African Languages at - Msimang, C. T. (2000)
The article addresses the question of the elaboration and modernisation of African languages to enable them to be used as language media for the teaching of African languages, particularly grammar. Whereas all institutions at tertiary level of education have undergone a paradigm shift from teaching African languages in English and Afrikaans to teaching them in their own medium, the necessary terms to ensure efficiency in this process are lacking. Scholars there- fore need to focus on term creation and thereafter standardization of the terminologies. Some flaws in the creation of African terminologies in the past are highlighted and remedies suggested. It is recommended that statutory bodies such as the Council for Higher Education (CHE) or the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA), or academic bodies such as the African Languages Asso- ciation of Southern Africa (ALASA) could be entrusted with the task of the standardization of these terminologies.
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Conservation of forage legume tree fodder and maize in bags for feeding dairy cattle. University of Zimbabwe Teaching and Research Farm, Harare, Zimbabwe. 17 March 2000. [Field Day] - Mugweni, B.; Titterton, Mike; Maasdorp, B.V. (2000)
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Efficiency in Student Debtors Management a Case of Selected Universities in Kenya - Mugwiria, Stanley (2000)
A Project Report by Mugwira Stanley, Submitted to the School of Business, USIU-A in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master in Business Administration
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Rheumatic heart disease in a sub-saharan african city: epidemiology, prophylaxis and health education. - Mukelabai, K.; Pobee, J. O. M.; Shilalukey-Ngoma, M.; Malek, A; Pankajam, M. I.; Mupela, M. (2000)
An epidemiological study was carried out amongst 11,944 school children aged 5-16 years of both sexes from the urban city of Lusaka, Zambia to determine the prevalence of Rheumatic heart Disease The response rate was 71.5%. The prevalence was 12.2 per thousand being higher in females than in males and lower in children of high socio-economic status. During follow-up, compliance was noted in 80% of the subjects on monthly benzathine injections and 55% of those on oral penicillin V or sulphadimidine. Une etude epidemiologique a ete entreprise chez 11944 enfants sscolarises âges de 5 a 16 ans, des deux sexes, dans la ville de L USAKA en Zambie pour determiner la prevalence des cardiopathies rhumatismales. Le taux de reponse a ete de 71,5 %. La prevalence etait de 12,2 pour 1000, plus elevee chez les filles que chez les garcons et plus basse chez les enfants d'un haut niveau socio-economique. Pendant la periode de surveillance, la compliance etait de 80 % chez les entants soumis a une prophylaxie par injection mensuelle de benzathine penicilline et 55 % chez ceux recevant par voie orale de la penicilline V ou de la sulphadimidine.
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Psychosocial and Contextual Determinants of Past and Intended Condom Use among Ethiopian Secondary School Students - Mulatu, Mesfin S.; Adamu, Rahel; Haile, Sara Ingidashet (Northeast African Studies, 2000)
Objective: To explore the psychosocial, sexual context, and sociodemographic determinants of past and intended condom use among secondary school students in Ethiopia. Methods: Survey data were collected from 367 sexually active high school students in five major towns using questionnaires. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to examine the role of psychosocial, sexual context, and sociodemographic factors in influencing past and intended condom use. Results: Higher levels of positive attitudes toward and self-efficacy for condom use were associated with higher levels of both past and intended condom use. Knowledge of individuals who live with or have died of HIV/AIDS was also directly related to higher levels of intended condom use. In contrast, involvement in risky sexual behaviors and use of other contraceptive methods predicted higher levels of past condom use. Effects of reproductive health understanding and family socioeconomic status on past and intended condom use were indirect through their positive influence on psychosocial factors, particularly self-efficacy and attitudes. Overall, our psychosocial and contextual model accounted for 40 and 62 percent of the variance in past and intended use, respectively. Conclusion: Findings show that theory-based social psychological and contextual factors are causally linked to patterns of past and intended condom use among Ethiopian secondary school youth. Furthermore, the results provide evidence for the applicability of Western health behavior theories to explain and predict safer sexual behaviors among secondary school students in non-Western settings.
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Assessment of the community-based training programme at Jimma University, Ethiopia - Mulatu, Tedla; Makonnen, A; Fasil, Tsedenia; Kumsa, Kassahun (Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 2000)
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Chemical pollution in selected reservoirs and rivers in Lilongwe district, Malawi. - Mumba, Peter; Banda, JoAnn; Kaunda, Emmanuel (2000)
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A Rapid Food And Nutrition Assessment In Six Drought Prone Districts In Kenya: Socio- Economic Characteristics Of Households And Nutritional Status Of Children. - Muroki, NM; Kogi-Makau, W; Omwega, AM (2000)
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