Senegal - Quality Education for All Project - Phase 2 : P089254 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 09 - Seck, Atou (2011)
openalex: W2917059787 mag: 2917059787
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Reaching African American Students - Shockley, Kmt G. (Journal of Black Studies, 2011)
In the public school systems of America, what gets attention is that which is trending at any given time. However, one trend that seems to be maintained (while piles of money are made off fads and mostly worthless professional developments) is that Black children are at the bottom of all of the tiers that are measured. Although Afrocentric education has received largely negative press from the mainstream, no argument can be defended against the notion of designing an education that is centered on the needs of those children who come from communities that have been intentionally disorganized by America (and Europe) for many years. Much is known about the problems that have come from the aforementioned historical happening, yet little is known about solutions such as Afrocentric education. This article presents a profile of an Afrocentric teacher who is dedicated to educating the children in his community. Findings include the need to focus on teacher transformation as opposed to students simply learning the Three Rs.
openalex: W2049663021 mag: 2049663021
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Chad - Education Sector Reform Project : P000527 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 20 - Cissé, Boubou (2011)
openalex: W1902361592 mag: 1902361592
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Teaching Oncology to Medical Students is a Must: The Egyptian NCI Step on the Road - Gaafar, Rabab; Shash, Emad; Elhaddad, Alaa; Hady, Salah Abdel (Journal of cancer education, 2011)
openalex: W1973364592 mag: 1973364592
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Liberia - Fast Track Initiative Grant for Basic Education : P117662 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 01 - Inoue, Keiko (2011)
openalex: W2915103523 mag: 2915103523
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Mozambique - Higher Education Science and Technology : P111592 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 02 - Menezes, Ana Ruth (2011)
openalex: W2915597856 mag: 2915597856
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The role of the simulation setup in a long-term high-resolution climate change projection for the southern African region - Haensler, Andreas; Hagemann, Stefan; Jacob, Daniela (Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2011)
openalex: W2047889563 mag: 2047889563
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Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa: New Boundaries for Development. Guest edited by S. Bauer and I. Scholze. London: Earthscan (2010), pp. 118, US$199.00. ISBN 978-1-84971-163-0. - Kassam, Amir (Experimental Agriculture, 2011)
Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa: New Boundaries for Development. Guest edited by S. Bauer and I. Scholze. London: Earthscan (2010), pp. 118, US$199.00. ISBN 978-1-84971-163-0. - Volume 47 Issue 2
openalex: W2316651300 mag: 2316651300
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Monitoring of Organotin Pollution in Bizerta Channel (Northern Tunisia): Temporal Trend from 2002 to 2010 - Lahbib, Youssef; Abidli, Sami; González, Pablo Rodríguez; Alonso, J. Ignacio García; Menif, Najoua Trigui El (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2011)
openalex: W1996430820 mag: 1996430820
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SUPPORTING AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION IN UGANDA TO RESPOND TO CLIMATE RISK: LINKING CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY WITH FARMER PERCEPTIONS - Osbahr, Henny; Dorward, Peter; Stern, R. D.; Cooper, Sarah (Experimental Agriculture, 2011)
SUMMARY This paper investigates farmers’ perceptions of climate change and variability in southwest Uganda and compares them with daily rainfall and temperature measurements from the 1960s to the present, including trends in daily rainfall and temperature, seasonality, changing probability of risk and intensity of rainfall events. Statistical analyses and modelling of rainfall and temperature were performed and contrasted with qualitative data collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. The fieldwork showed that farmers perceived regional climate to have changed in the past 20 years. In particular, farmers felt that temperature had increased and seasonality and variability had changed, with the first rainy season between March and May becoming more variable. Farmers reported detailed accounts of climate characteristics during specific years, with recent droughts in the late 1990s and late 2000s confirming local perceptions that there has been a shift in climate towards more variable conditions that are less favourable to production. There is a clear signal that temperature has been increasing in the climate data and, to a lesser extent, evidence that the reliability of rains in the first season has decreased slightly. However, rainfall measurements do not show a downward trend in rainfall amount, a significant shift in the intensity of rainfall events or in the start and end of the rainy seasons. We explore why there are some differences between farmers’ perceptions and the climate data due to different associations of risk between ideal rainfall by farmers, including the amount and distribution needed for production, meteorological definitions of normal rainfall or the long-term statistical mean and its variation, and the impact of higher temperatures. The paper reflects on the methodological approach and considers the implications for communicating information about risk to users in order to support agricultural innovation.
openalex: W2017001859 mag: 2017001859
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Environmental pollution of lead in traffic air and blood of traffic policemen in Khartoum State, Sudan - Rahama, Salah M; Khider, Hiba E; Mohamed, Sitt Nour H; Abuelmaali, Sara A.; Elaagip, Arwa (East African journal of public health, 2011)
A cross sectional study was conducted in Khartoum State. A total of 45 males' traffic policemen were divided into two groups according to exposure to car exhaust; n=30 taken as exposed group, n=15 taken as controls, who were not exposed to car exhaust.The study was conducted to determine lead concentrations in traffic ambient air, to determine lead levels in blood of traffic policemen, and to evaluate the effect of exposure to car exhaust on traffic policemen during January 2009.The level of lead in ambient air was determined in 14 locations which were taken randomly at the intersections and entrances to the bridges using personal sampler "Cassella, U.K". The blood samples of all policemen were analyzed by atomic absorption Spectrophotometer to determine lead levels. A questionnaire was designed to assess the adverse health effects on the traffic policemen.The degree of environmental lead pollution in traffic ambient air was found to be 0.1937 +/- 0.1768 mg/m3 with range between 0.000-0.5166 mg/m3. In seven locations out of fourteen locations lead concentrations were 0.1940 and 0.5166 above the permissible level of 0.15 mg/m3 permitted internationally. Blood lead levels on traffic policemen (exposed and control groups) were found to be 2.4691 +/- 1.4065 microg/100 ml and 0.3944 +/- 1.2471 microg/100 ml respectively and there is no significant differences between the two groups where using SPSS program. A questionnaire findings were: average age mean of 35.9 +/- 7.7 years, 47.48% worked for periods of more than 20 years, 74.19% did not work before joining the traffic police, 51.6% of them recognized traffic air pollution as a problem of high level, 45.2% of them estimated it as medium, and 3.2% as low. As habits 38.71% were smokers, and for health complaints, 61.29% have various complaints of headache, fatigue, abdominal, hypertension and anemia. All these symptoms have a close relationship with lead poisoning.When we compared the results of age groups and work duration with lead levels of blood samples the results was not significant.
openalex: W2035574510 mag: 2035574510
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CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE: FARMER PERCEPTIONS AND UNDERSTANDING OF INTRA-SEASONAL VARIABILITY IN RAINFALL AND ASSOCIATED RISK IN SEMI-ARID KENYA - Rao, K. P. C.; Ndegwa, William; Kizito, Kwena; Oyoo, A. (Experimental agriculture (Print), 2011)
SUMMARY This study examines farmers’ perceptions of short- and long-term variability in climate, their ability to discern trends in climate and how the perceived trends converge with actual weather observations in five districts of Eastern Province in Kenya where the climate is semi-arid with high intra- and inter-annual variability in rainfall. Field surveys to elicit farmers’ perceptions about climate variability and change were conducted in Machakos, Makueni, Kitui, Mwingi and Mutomo districts. Long-term rainfall records from five meteorological stations within a 10 km radius from the survey locations were obtained from the Kenya Meteorological Department and were analysed to compare with farmers’ observations. Farmers’ responses indicate that they are well aware of the general climate in their location, its variability, the probabilistic nature of the variability and the impacts of this variability on crop production. However, their ability to synthesize the knowledge they have gained from their observations and discern long-term trends in the probabilistic distribution of seasonal conditions is more subjective, mainly due to the compounding interactions between climate and other factors such as soil fertility, soil water and land use change that determine the climate's overall influence on crop productivity. There is a general tendency among the farmers to give greater weight to negative impacts leading to higher risk perception. In relation to long-term changes in the climate, farmer observations in our study that rainfall patterns are changing corroborated well with reported perceptions from other places across the African continent but were not supported by the observed trends in rainfall data from the five study locations. The main implication of our findings is the need to be aware of and account for the risk during the development and promotion of technologies involving significant investments by smallholder farmers and exercise caution in interpreting farmers’ perceptions about long-term climate variability and change.
openalex: W2162749959 mag: 2162749959
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A geographically scaled analysis of adaptation to climate change with spatial models using agricultural systems in Africa - Seo, S. Niggol (The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2011)
SUMMARY The present paper provides a geographically scaled analysis of adaptation to climate change using adoption of agricultural systems observed across Africa. Using c . 9000 farm surveys, spatial logit models were applied to explain observed agricultural system choices by climate variables after accounting for soils, geography and other household characteristics. The results reveal that strong neighbourhood effects exist and a spatial re-sampling and bootstrapping approach can remove them. The crops-only system is adopted most frequently in the lowland humid forest, lowland sub-humid, mid-elevation sub-humid Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs) and in the highlands in the east and in southern Africa. Integrated farming is favoured in the lowland dry savannah, moist savannah and semi-arid zones in West Africa and eastern coastal zones. A livestock-only system is favoured most in the mid/high-elevation moist savannahs located in southern Africa. Under a hot and dry Canadian Climate Centre (CCC) scenario, the crops-only system should move out from the currently favoured regions of humid zones in the lowlands towards the mid-/high elevations. It declines by more than 5% in the lowland savannahs. Integrated farming should increase across all the AEZs by as much as 5%, but less so in the deserts or in the humid forest zones in the mid-/high elevations. A livestock-only system should increase by 2–5% in the lowland semi-arid, dry savannah and moist savannah zones in the lowlands. Adaptation measures should be carefully scaled, up or down, considering geographic and ecological differentials as well as household characteristics, as proposed in the present study.
openalex: W2078679531 mag: 2078679531
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Performance evaluation of Siemens E.Cam® Spect System at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (Ghana - Sosu, EK; Hasford, Francis; Amuasi, JH (Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2011)
Performance evaluation tests on Siemens e.camR Signature Series Single Photon Emission Computed Tomogra-phy (SPECT) System at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (Ghana) were conducted for compliance with Manufactur-erfs specifications and usersf requirements. The tests were performed according to National Electrical Manufac-turers Association protocols, and different measuring instruments and phantoms containing 99m-Tc were used. Extrinsic uniformity, System energy resolution, System spatial resolution (without scattering), Detector shield leakage and System planar sensitivity were evaluated. The System energy resolution measured was 9.38 % as against manufacturersf specification of . 9.9 %, Planar sensitivity value measured was 232.92 c/min/mCi while manufacturersf specification was 202 c/min/mCi, and Detector shield leakage values measured were 0.001 %, 0.022 % and 0.025 % against an accepted value of < 1 %. The performance evaluation confirmed that the Syst-em met requirements for clinical nuclear medicine imaging, and the values could be used as database for future quality control measurements.
openalex: W1970734658 mag: 1970734658
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ASSESSING CLIMATE RISK AND CLIMATE CHANGE USING RAINFALL DATA – A CASE STUDY FROM ZAMBIA - Stern, R. D.; Cooper, P. J. M. (Experimental Agriculture, 2011)
SUMMARY Rainfall variability, both within and between seasons, is reflected in highly variable crop growth and yields in rainfed agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa and results in varying degrees of weather-induced risk associated with a wide range of crop, soil and water management innovations. In addition there is both growing evidence and concern that changes in rainfall patterns associated with global warming may substantively affect the nature of such risk. Eighty-nine years of daily rainfall data from a site in southern Zambia are analysed. The analyses illustrate approaches to assessing the extent of possible trends in rainfall patterns and the calculation of weather-induced risk associated with the inter- and intra-seasonal variability of the rainfall amounts. Trend analyses use monthly rainfall totals and the number of rain days in each month. No simple trends were found. The daily data were then processed to examine important rain dependent aspects of crop production such as the date of the start of the rains and the risk of a long dry spell, both following planting and around flowering. The same approach is used to assess the risk of examples of crop disease in instances when a ‘weather trigger’ for the disease can be specified. A crop water satisfaction index is also used to compare risks from choices of crops with different maturity lengths and cropping strategies. Finally a different approach to the calculations of these risks fits a Markov chain model to the occurrence of rain, with results then derived from this model. The analyses shows the relevance of this latter approach when relatively short daily rainfall records are available and is illustrated through a comparison of the effects of El Niño, La Niña and Ordinary years on rainfall distribution patterns.
openalex: W2144364276 mag: 2144364276
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Adolescents‘ undernutrition and its determinants among in-school communities of Ambo Town, West Oromia, Ethiopia - Alemayehu, Tilahun; Haidar, Jemal; Habte, Dereje (East African journal of public health, 2011)
Background: Adolescence is the most important period of life where growth and development are accompanied by various physical, physiological, behavioral, and social changes leading to increased demand for nutrients which could pose a greater risk of malnutrition.Objectives: To assess the magnitude of adolescents‘ undernutrition and its determinants in public schools of Ambo town.Methods: A cross-sectional study design with analytical component was conducted between March 20 and April 10, 2008. A total of 425 in-school adolescents were assessed for their nutritional status. Weight, height and other important socio-demographic and dietary information were taken using pre-tested questionnaire. Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed and compared to the reference standards.Results: The overall prevalence of underweight and overweight was 27.5% and 4.3% respectively. The proportion of underweight was higher in males (29.8%) than females (24.6%) while overweight were higher in females (4.9%) than males (3.8%). However, the difference noted was not significant (P =0.4). Underweight was significantly higher in early (38.1%) than late (18.6%) adolescent (p=0.001). The most important predictors identified for underweight were adolescent‘s age, menarche onset, food source for consumption and family possession of cattle (p
openalex: W2011978626 mag: 2011978626
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Widening Access to Education in Ethiopia - Molla, Tebeje (2011)
openalex: W2850233939 mag: 2850233939
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Theses from OCMS: ‘A Comparative and Narrative Investigation into the Contribution of the Assemblies of God Church and Christian NGOs to Overcoming Obstacles to Female Education in Burkina Faso’ - Ouédraogo, Philippe (Transformation, 2011)
openalex: W2326284252 mag: 2326284252
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Underweight and overweight in primary school children in eThekwini district in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa - Puckree, T.; Naidoo, Pooveshni; Pillay, Prabashni; Naidoo, Threnesan (African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 2011)
Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children has been increasing worldwide. South Africa has minimal data on childhood body weight.Objectives: This study determined whether school children in the eThekwini district in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, were underweight or overweight.Method: A survey with quantitative and qualitative components was conducted amongst 120 participants between 10 years and 12 years of age. The participants were randomly selected from six public schools in an urban district of the province. A calibrated Goldline bathroom scale was used to measure body weight and a KDS Freo non-elastic measuring tape was used to measure height. A questionnaire consisting of open and close-ended questions collected demographic and lifestyle information. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight data. Proportions of obese, overweight and underweight children were calculated and subjected to chi-square tests at the p ≤ 0.05 significance level. All qualitative information was summarised.Results: According to World Health Organization criteria, 66% of the children were underweight, 28% were of normal weight and 5% were overweight. The proportion of underweight children increased with age (64% of children aged between 10 years and 11 years vs 70% for 12-year-olds). Of the underweight children, 41% were female and 51% were Indian.Only one child was obese. BMI was related to dietary patterns and activity levels during and outside school hours.Conclusion: A significant number of primary school children from the six selected public schools in the eThekwini district were underweight. More effort is required to improve the nutritional status of school children in the eThekwini district.
openalex: W1995882217 mag: 1995882217
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Systematic documentation of landslide events in Limbe area (Mt Cameroon Volcano, SW Cameroon): geometry, controlling, and triggering factors - B., V.; Kervyn, Matthieu; Ernst, Gérald; Tréfois, P.; Ayonghe, Samuel N.; Jacobs, Patric; Ranst, Éric Van; Suh, Cheo Emmanuel (Natural hazards (Dordrecht), 2011)
openalex: W2067911110 mag: 2067911110
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Cybersenga: Ugandan youth preferences for content in an Internet-Delivered Comprehensive Sexuality Education Programme - Bull, Sheana; Nabembezi, Dennis; Birungi, Ruth; Kiwanuka, Julius; Ybarra, Michele L. (East African journal of public health, 2011)
Objective: To ascertain Ugandan youth access to complete information about sexual health and identify preferences for website design and content for a comprehensive sexuality education program.Methods: Qualitative focus group discussions with 15 youth enrolled in secondary school, levels S1-S3Results: Youth get inconsistent information about sexual health that is incomplete at best and erroneous at worst. Information sources of information include family members, teachers and peers. Ugandan youth perceive the concept of receiving Internet-based sexuality information as a way to obtain private and credible information. They appreciate content that is tailored to the Ugandan culture, particularly the use of a Senga to deliver information. The Senga is the name given to a paternal Aunt, who traditionally is charged with teaching and advising on matters related to marriage and adulthood.Conclusions: With increasing access to and use of the Internet in Sub-Saharan Africa, coupled with continued high rates of HIV prevalence, using the Internet to deliver comprehensive sexual health information is feasible and acceptable. Ugandan youth like the idea and have particular appreciation for a program that offers information that is culturally relevant for them.
openalex: W2047756674 mag: 2047756674
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An investigation into rape myth acceptance between sexes in relation to gender roles of South African university students. - Dunseith, Olivia (2011)
openalex: W2246090737 mag: 2246090737
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Climate Change and Vector-borne Diseases: An Economic Impact Analysis of Malaria in Africa - Egbendewe‐Mondzozo, Aklesso; Musumba, Mark; McCarl, Bruce A.; Wu, Ximing (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011)
A semi-parametric econometric model is used to study the relationship between malaria cases and climatic factors in 25 African countries. Results show that a marginal change in temperature and precipitation levels would lead to a significant change in the number of malaria cases for most countries by the end of the century. Consistent with the existing biophysical malaria model results, the projected effects of climate change are mixed. Our model projects that some countries will see an increase in malaria cases but others will see a decrease. We estimate projected malaria inpatient and outpatient treatment costs as a proportion of annual 2000 health expenditures per 1,000 people. We found that even under minimal climate change scenario, some countries may see their inpatient treatment cost of malaria increase more than 20%.
openalex: W2079933165 mag: 2079933165
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The Experiences and Perceptions of African American Males and Their Elementary Teachers - Erwin, Kimberly Danielle (2011)
openalex: W2626664996 mag: 2626664996
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Post-medical interns' reflections on medical internships in South African state training hospitals. - Essa, Zakiyya Ismail (2011)
openalex: W141023956 mag: 141023956
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Stress transfer among en echelon and opposing thrusts and tear faults: Triggering caused by the 2003M_w= 6.9 Zemmouri, Algeria, earthquake - Lin, Jian; Stein, Ross S.; Meghraoui, Mustapha; Toda, Shinji; Ayadi, Abdelhakim; Dorbath, Catherine; Belabbès, Samir (2011)
[1] The essential features of stress interaction among earthquakes on en echelon thrusts and tear faults were investigated, first through idealized examples and then by study of thrust faulting in Algeria. We calculated coseismic stress changes caused by the 2003 Mw = 6.9 Zemmouri earthquake, finding that a large majority of the Zemmouri afterslip sites were brought several bars closer to Coulomb failure by the coseismic stresses, while the majority of aftershock nodal planes were brought closer to failure by an average of ∼2 bars. Further, we calculated that the shallow portions of the adjacent Thenia tear fault, which sustained ∼0.25 m slip, were brought >2 bars closer to failure. We calculated that the Coulomb stress increased by 1.5 bars on the deeper portions of the adjacent Boumerdes thrust, which lies just 10–20 km from the city of Algiers; both the Boumerdes and Thenia faults were illuminated by aftershocks. Over the next 6 years, the entire south dipping thrust system extending 80 km to the southwest experienced an increased rate of seismicity. The stress also increased by 0.4 bar on the east Sahel thrust fault west of the Zemmouri rupture. Algiers suffered large damaging earthquakes in A.D. 1365 and 1716 and is today home to 3 million people. If these shocks occurred on the east Sahel fault and if it has a ∼2 mm/yr tectonic loading rate, then enough loading has accumulated to produce a Mw = 6.6–6.9 shock today. Thus, these potentially lethal faults need better understanding of their slip rate and earthquake history.
openalex: W1975908752 mag: 1975908752
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Oral hygiene teaching in clinical activities at the department of dentistry of Dakar (Senegal) - Massamba, Diouf; Adama, François Ouedraogo; Daouda, F; Daouda, C; Cheikh, Lo (East African journal of public health, 2011)
The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes and practices of students related to oral hygiene teaching by mean of a questionnaire submitted to patients attending the clinics of the Department of Dentistry of Dakar.Method: A KPC study (Knowledge, Practices and Coverage) focusing on dental students was conducted and consists on a interview of 295 patients. The socio-demographic and brushing method variables involved the patients. While those related to attitudes and practices regarding oral hygiene teaching concerned only students. The tests at the univariate and multivariate analysis by logistic regression were significant when P . 0.05.Results: The study population consisted of 48.5% of men, 76.6% were adults. 32.9% of patients came from the Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic (CDE) clinic and 5.4% of them from Orthodontic clinic. For 52.2% of patients, no prophylactic measure was laid and the link with the proper brushing technique of patients was significant (OR = 4.4). Using supports at time of oral hygiene teaching was respected for 17.4% of cases. It was associated with proper brushing technique even after adjustment.Conclusion: The attitudes and practices of students in Dentistry Department of Dakar in relation to oral hygiene teaching deserves more vigilant in watching over the prophylactic care and using supports during oral hygiene teaching.
openalex: W2027710932 mag: 2027710932
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Evaluation of mid-level management training in immunisation in the African Region - Mutabaruka, Evariste; Dochez, Carine; Nshimirimana, Deo; Meheus, A (East African journal of public health, 2011)
The Mid-Level Management (MLM) training course provides managers of immunisation programmes with new, advanced skills in planning, management, monitoring and evaluation. An evaluation was conducted of the MLM training courses held between 2000 and 2004 in the African Region, in order to assess its effectiveness and impact, and its contribution to the management of the Extended Programme on Immunisation (EPI) at country level.Evaluation methods included: a desk review of the MLM course reports, WHO/AFRO MLM modules and reference documents; interviews with MLM course participants, facilitators, supervisors, Ministry of Health officials and country-based partners; focus group discussions; and questionnaires.During 2000-2004, eleven MLM courses were held and 642 participants were trained. Of the 151 course participants interviewed, 85% rated the course as very useful and 15% as useful. Modules on new vaccines, immunisation safety, cold chain and vaccine management, communication and problem solving were most appreciated. According to supervisors, the MLM training has contributed to significant improvements in the performance of the staff after attending the MLM course. Using DTP3 as an indicator, immunisation coverage in the African Region increased from 49% in 1991 to 53% in 2001 and 69% in 2004.The MLM training has increased the performance of the trained staff and therefore contributed to the improvement of EPI coverage in the African Region. However, MLM training remains a predominantly vertical event and should be harmonised with other health training programmes for various levels of the health system.
openalex: W2015425929 mag: 2015425929
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Public secondary school teachers‘ attitude to family life education in two geopolitical zones of Nigeria: A comparative analysis - Okusanya, BO; Isabu, PA (East African journal of public health, 2011)
Objective: This qualitative study was conducted to assess and compare the attitude of teachers in two geopolitical zones of Nigeria to family life education.Methods: Multi stage sample selection was used to pick 6 public secondary schools (3 junior, 3 senior) in each zone. All teachers (221) in the selected schools were surveyed. Pre-tested questionnaires were self administered, responses analyzed and results presented using descriptive frequencies. Where appropriate statistical evaluation was done with Yates corrected Chi square at 95% confidence interval.Results: Katsina respondents were mostly Muslims (92.4%), married (64.8%) and had the National Certificate of Education (62.9%). Ekpoma teachers were mostly Christians (97.4%), married (93.1%) and 67.2% had a University degree. Attendance at a seminar on family life education was by 19% and 25.9% of respondents from Katsina and Ekpoma respectively. Teachers‘ knowledge of family life education was very good and most teachers in both regions considered it useful but there were geographical disparities in perception and attitude. While teachers in Katsina discussed HIV/AIDS twice more with their students than sexuality (54.3% vs 28%) those in Ekpoma discussed sexuality more than HIV/AIDS (80.2% vs 72.4%). Respondents in Katsina reported three times (60% vs 19.8%) more that parents would object to FLE in schools than those in Ekpoma and also that its introduction would encourage promiscuity amongst the students (53.3% vs 21.6%). While being married positively influenced respondents‘ perception, their attitude was influenced positively by having university degree and teaching at the senior secondary school. Christians significantly discussed sexuality (Chi square 58.60; RR: 3.03) and HIV/AIDS (Chi square 15.01; RR: 1.50) with students than Muslims.Conclusion:Policy makers need to be aware of the regional differences in teachers‘ attitude to family life education as this may hinder the implementation of curriculum.
openalex: W2092362928 mag: 2092362928
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A study of the role, Performance and Training of Agricultural Extension workers in Zambia - Rawlins-Brannan, Mable Jean (2011)
This study focused on the training of agricultural extension workers in Zambia and its congruence both with the role and performance expectations of the Department of Agriculture for its frontline workers as well as their actual field performance. The research approach was a multi-method participatory process. The findings indicated weak formal links and poor communication among training institutions, the Department of Agriculture and small-scale and subsistence farming households. The extension system perceived the role of the extension worker to be mainly that of a technical advisor.Extension workers enjoyed their work with rural people, aspired to pursue a career in farming,and 'wereisolated from and poorly supported by their administration. Their two-year training was directive, sometimes irrelevant, put little emphasis on process skills, with problems in teaching techniques, student selection and staffing. The study concluded that an equitable extension system emphasizes communication and participation among its clients, that a more realistic modified role for extension workers enables their participation in innovative problem-solving, and that effective training institutions are accountable to graduates, farmers and the Department of Agriculture. Recommendations included a redefinition of the role of Zambian extension workers/ improvement in their conditions of service, and the establishment of a curriculum development board with responsibility to evaluate and advise on a wide range of training issues•
openalex: W2592572143 mag: 2592572143
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An exploratory study of motivations driving corporate investment in voluntary climate change mitigation in South Africa - Reyers, Michelle; Gouws, Daan G.; Blignaut, James Nelson (South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 2011)
AbstractThis study investigates factors driving investment in voluntary climate change mitigation among a selection of listed corporations in South Africa. Based on a review of the literature, a proposed conceptual framework is developed and empirically tested using case studies. A qualitative analysis of the data reveals three key motivational drivers: legitimacy, the financial business case and moral responsibility. In addition, a number of sub-drivers are identified which provide insights for engagement with companies in developing South Africa’s response to climate change.
openalex: W2113283501 mag: 2113283501
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Self-concept as predictor of mathematics achievement among secondary school students in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria - Ajogbeje, JO (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
This study was designed to investigate the relationship between self–concept and students’ achievement in Mathematics and to find out the predictive strength of self–concept on academic achievement among secondary school students. The sample consisted of 205 girls and 245 boys randomly selected from four girls’ schools and four boys’ schools in Ekiti State. In order to determine the degree of relationship between students’ achievement in Mathematics and self concept, stepwise multiple regression analyses was computed at 0.05 significant levels. The results of the study show that there is a significant relationship between self–concept and Mathematics achievement of secondary school students and that Mathematics achievement could be predicted moderately by self–concept measures. This study seems to have created yet another conflict of result with the common view that self concept and achievement patterns of individuals may be positively and highly correlated. Hence, there is need for counselling programmes both at individual and group level focusing on enhancing emotional and social comfort and the holistic self–concept of college students.
openalex: W2073205016 mag: 2073205016
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A survey of information literacy education in library schools in Africa - Baro, Emmanuel E. (Library Review, 2011)
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the state of information literacy (IL) education in library schools in Africa. Principally, to understand how prepared the library schools are to take the lead by integrating IL courses into their school curricula. Design/methodology/approach The survey was carried out in two parts: first, the researcher conducted a survey of web sites maintained by library schools in Africa to identify the IL course offered and also to analyze the course contents. That was followed by sending an e‐mail message containing three research questions to library and information science (LIS) faculty members to ascertain the availability of IL courses in their curricula. Findings Results from the study revealed that, presently, only a few library schools offer the course IL as a stand‐alone course in their curricula. Many library schools have not yet incorporated “IL” as a stand‐alone course in their LIS curricula, rather, it is briefly discussed as a topic in related courses. The reason being that the LIS departments lack the technological facilities and qualified personnel to teach the course “IL.” Although not all the library schools in Africa were examined due to language barrier, more than 60 library schools were investigated, among them 20 institutions were found offering IL courses or a related area. Research limitations/implications The researcher could not examine all the library schools in Africa due to language barriers, as many of the African countries have French as their official language and others Portuguese. Originality/value The results from the study reported in this paper will provide important data and insight into the current state of IL education in African library schools, and generate suggestions for educators and policy makers developing and including “IL” as a stand‐alone course in the LIS curriculum.
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Counselling needs of sandwich students of University of Ado-Ekiti, college of education, Oro campus, Kwara state, Nigeria - Dada, M.F.; Agbama, EO; Adetayo, T (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
This study investigated the counselling needs of sandwich students of University of Ado-Ekiti, College of Education, Oro campus. The researchers stratified the respondents into different strata of gender, religion, age, marital status and year of study. They then employed simplerandom sampling technique to select 500 respondents consisting of 404 Christians, 90 Muslims and 6 African Traditional religionists. The “Counselling Needs of Sandwich Students Questionnaire” (CNSWSQ) was administered to the respondents to collect relevant data. The t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics were used to test five generatednull hypotheses and where the result of ANOVA showed a significant difference, the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) statistics was used to determine the group(s) that contributed to the significant difference. The major findings showed that the most pressing need of therespondents was “transportation” while the least need was “personal”. The findings equally showed that there were no significant differences in respondents’ counselling needs based on religion and marital status while significant differences were noted based on gender, age andyear of study. Based on the findings, recommendations were made which include the need for the professional counsellors to intensify efforts in organizing intensive counselling programmes which will meet the counselling needs of the sandwich students and that government at all levels should take urgent steps in finding lasting solutions to thepsychological, social and academic related problems of the sandwich students.
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Assessing senior secondary school students’ knowledge of Hiv/Aids in Nigeria: Implications for counselling - Dibua, V. A.; Agweda, T. O. (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
This study examines Senior Secondary School students’ knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the implication of such knowledge for counselling. The study was carried out in Auchi and three hundred and sixty two Senior Secondary School Students participated in the study. Questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents that were randomly selectedfor the study. The questionnaire was content validated and test and retest method was used to determine its reliability. The respondents included in this study have high knowledge about HIV/AIDS, though such knowledge does not influence their behaviour. That is, there is an inverse relationship between knowledge of HIV/AIDS and risky sexual behaviour among the adolescents or youths in the society. This inverse relationship between knowledge of HIV/AIDS and risky behaviour among this group of adolescents is one of the major challenges faced by counsellors in dealing with the problem of HIV/AIDS among the group in the society. Other challenges faced by counsellors in dealing with the problem in the society, are the attitude of parents, school administrators and government to the teaching of sex education and other sex/health related matters in schools.
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Handicapism: The case of the hearing impaired in inclusive education in Cameroon: implications for planning and policy - Ebontane, NP (Mass communication journal, 2011)
Identifying the concept of handicapism and focusing on hearing impairment relative to academic areas and students in Cameroon was the purpose of this paper. The paper is a careful review of related literature and detail examination of other researchers’ work in the area of handicapism, and the researcher also made some proposals in relation to planning and policy in matters that concern handicapped or disabled students relative to inclusive education now made available to them. Focusing on the hearing impaired students, their handicapping situation does not permit them to acquire, without difficulty and specialattention, the educational knowledge and skills that the hearing students acquire. The implementation and follow up of Law No.83/13 of July 1983 which relates to the protection of the handicapped and whose article 3 focuses on the education of children with disabilities is yet to be concretely effected. While the researcher calls for the effective execution of this law,he equally calls for further legislation on strategies to be used to solve or at least alleviate the problem of the disabled students in inclusive school environments and relative to the facilitation of the acquisition of assistive technology, equipment, special materials, etc, through the reduction of customs duty on such items. For inclusive education to be a realityin ordinary schools the researcher calls especially on the planners and policy makers of the Ministries of Social Affairs, Basic and Secondary Education to be proactive in the formulation and implementation of policies regarding inclusive schools in particular and special education in general in terms of their sustainability.
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Redefining the teacher as leader: Problems and prospects in Eritrea - Harish, K.A.; Rezene, H (Mass communication journal, 2011)
As leadership in business, technology, various professions, and public institutions has become more participatory and representative over the past 30 years. Education has also taken to boasting of the inclusion of teachers, its lowest-ranking professionals, in its policy-creation and management processes. Teacher leadership is not about “teacherpower.” Rather, it is about mobilizing the still largely untapped attributes of teachers to strengthen student performance at ground level and working toward real collaboration, a locally tailored kind of shared leadership, in the daily life of the school. Teachers must be an essential part of that leadership, never more so than when issues of instructional leadership are at stake. There is no exaggeration if we say that teacher as a leader canbring a sustainable development in any country. Establishment of National Board for Higher Education (NBHE) is one of the progressive and a qualitative sign in the history of Eritrean education which undoubtedly will not only bring the qualitative and quantitative changes in higher education but also at each level of education by preparing, orienting and involving teachers as key elements in decision taking process. Leadership in public education is a matter of guiding a community to realize its potentialto do the best job it can for its children. There are many priorities but only limited resources with which to succeed. And no action can really succeed without consensus for a focused, shared vision of what must be done. To provide a starting point for discussion in a community in respect to recruit teachers and to determine their roles in new perspective of education, the present article provides a number of questions that you might want to examine.
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Honors in Ghana: How Study Abroad Enriches Students' Lives - Karsan, Leena; Hakim, Annie; Decker, Janaan Mary (The Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council, 2011)
Study abroad programs are taking on a new role in curricula and strategic planning in our colleges and universities today. Carolyn Haynes lists a number of indicators for consideration in developing study abroad programs that set the stage for students' deep learning and personal development. This essay supports her viewpoint and looks more closely at two of the key indicators, meaningful engagement and critical reflection, and how they are linked with students' academic learning and personal development in study abroad programs. will demonstrate this link using the example of a student-initiated and team-oriented study abroad program in Ghana that we have developed at Grand Valley State University. The theoretical contexts of our Ghana program have both prepared us for our experiences and validated them. In Kuh's research on the effects of high-impact educational practices, he notes that development is a cumulative process shaped by many events and experiences inside and outside the classroom (13). Chickering (as cited in Kuh, Kinzie, Schuh, & Whitt) adds another dimension to student development that he calls cool passion: Cool passion seeks a fulfillment by joining the forces of heart and mind, commitment and critical analysis. Such passion pursues its purposes with 'tenuous tenacity' (77). Finally, Vande Berg refers to a new student learning paradigm that influences how we approach study abroad programs: We no longer believe that our responsibilities to our students, where their learning is concerned, end when they leave the United States (394). This paradigm, along with Kuh's cumulative model and Chickering's cool passion, illuminate the high-impact practice of our study abroad program in Ghana. Students in Grand Valleys' Frederik Meijer Honors College were the driving force in developing our program. one student traveled with me to Ghana, and in the two subsequent years we had two small contingents of students who got a sense of the culture and the possibilities of study there so they could help us shape the program. Now we have a group of nineteen students, one faculty, and two staff members headed back to Ghana in 2011, where we are offering an interdisciplinary study abroad program that links a three-credit social science course with a service-learning practicum. This study abroad program is unique in several ways. First, it is a student-led initiative. Second, the program offers a learner-centered education; it provides an environment where students focus not only on what but how they learn in a new culture, integrating student learning and student development to create seamless learning. Third, the program is interdisciplinary and collaborative, with students, faculty, and staff participating across the disciplines. Our 2009 experience in Ghana provides a glimpse of the kind of experience we provide for our students. Six honors students and I went to Ghana to explore possible partnerships for sustainable projects. had agreed to work together as a team, which meant that any decisions or concerns would be discussed with everyone. Prior to our departure, a group of missionaries approached us to partner with them to help build a hydroponic farming system for Ghanaians in the Northern region and to build huts at the mission's training center. decided this would be an opportune time to initiate a sustainable program that would create a tradition of sending Grand Valley students each year to participate in service activities with a goal of helping Ghanaians develop thriving and sustainable communities. In one of many surprises, detours, and mishaps, we found that our missionaries were not ready for us, so instead we changed diapers, taught math and English, painted the girls' and boys' bedrooms, played soccer with the children, and learned a little Dutch and the Gonja dialect. More importantly, we soon found that the values of this missionary group were not consistent with our own, and so we came to consensus on a new option: we would travel back down to Southern Ghana to spend the remainder of our trip with a Ghanaian run anti-child trafficking organization called Challenging Heights. …
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Human right education and the Nigerian child: implications for counselling - Ogbodo, RO (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
This paper examines the concept of human right to education as listed in Article 26 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights of December 1948. Human right is viewed as natural or moral law which has the force of conscience. The declaration is directed at the right to formal Western education in Nigeria, rather than indigenous or Islamic. The efforts made by various regional/state and federal governments by providing universal free primary education for the Nigeria child are examined. The inability of the federal government to provide minimum and compulsory education as well as inadequate funding is seen as obstacles for the realization of the child’s right to education in Nigeria. Urgent actions in providing minimum and adequate funding for that minimum level of education are seriously solicited from the standpoint of the roles of Guidance and Counseling.
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Enhancing Correctional Education through Community Theatre: The Benin Prison Experience. - Okhakhu, Marcel; Evawoma-Enuku, Usiwoma (Education 3-13, 2011)
Introduction Popular Theatre has become a strong socio-cultural and political instrument, which we cannot afford to ignore in our quest to enhance prison education. This position is confirmed by other scholars who have used it in various prisons. Gatti (1990) in France and Peedu (1993) in Sweden. In Sweden, the Gotlands Theatre gives inmates a chance to vent their frustrations with their life styles and to see these verbal onslaughts given a form that is accepted by prison administration as a social commentary in the form of drama. In the same vein, in Britain, the Goose Theatre involves prisoners in its productions and workshops about issues that are very relevant to their lives (United Nations and UNESCO, 1995) in order to improve on the positive effects of prison education. In deed, it has been argued that the usefulness of the prison education on post-release behaviour of ex-convicts is immense. To achieve the goals intended in this article, an attempt has been made to situate Popular. Theatre in the prison context. Secondly, attempts will be made to examine the basic assumptions behind Popular Theatre as an educational process. Thirdly, one such attempt of Popular Theatre at the Benin Prison will be examined. Finally, suggestions will be made as to how Popular Theatre may be used to enhance adult education in Nigerian prisons. Popular/Community Theatre These two terms have been interchangeably used to mean one and the same thing. In deed, there are other variants of this coinage referred to as Popular Theatre. The most recent of these is Theatre for Development. This theatre form proffers an alternative aesthetic for communicating problems and doing theatre. It challenges the linear aesthetic canon of western theatre. Community Theatre, no doubt, is a novel development in formalized theatre practice. This is because, although conventional theatre practice has been with man since he first thought of entertaining himself and his community, this alternative practice of theatre evolved in 1932 (Okhakhu, 1994). Community theatre is one of the several areas of interest within the subject area of Theatre Arts. As argued earlier, it has been given several nomenclatures by various scholars. Some imply call it Popular Theatre; others refer to it as Theatre for Development (Abah, 1992). This is obviously because of the nature of the problems it deals with and the methodology of prosecuting the problem. In the main, Community Theatre deals with the problems of particular communities using the theatrical modes and styles of such communities in question (Lakoju; 1992,Okpanachi; 1992,Anpo; 1992). This kind of theatre, unlike the conventional type, is not script-dependent. In other words, it does not require a formal script by a playwright to give birth to the actions of the evolving drama. The actions are spontaneous and they emanate from the individual and collective aspirations and experiences of the community. In Community Theatre, drama is used as an educational springboard, and not necessarily entertainment, through which the community is able to deal with the issues of concern to its members and associates. Necessarily then, the method and techniques include: movement and song, dance, role-play, interventions and discussions. The basic assumption in this approach to drama is that the technique of working in and out of role, the adoption of the physical, emotional and intellectual processes involve the individual far more and as a result, produce a more complete response than the traditional approaches to community mobilization and organization through symposia, lectures and discussions. Part of the assumptions is still that this kind of approach engenders group cohesion-thus helping to foster a clearer collective identity. Besides, the use of drama in the community with communal artifacts and laurels help the people to explore in action, the creative ideas about solving their problems or achieving some degree of remedy. …
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Exercise training improves walking function in an African group of stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial - Olawale, Olajide Ayinla; Jaja, S.I.; Anigbogu, C.N.; Appiah-Kubi, Kwadwo Osei; Jones-Okai, D (Clinical rehabilitation, 2011)
Objective: To evaluate the effects of treadmill walking and overground walking exercise training on recovery of walking function in an African group of stroke survivors. Design: Prospective, randomized controlled study. Setting: Outpatient stroke rehabilitation unit in a tertiary hospital. Subjects: Sixty patients with chronic stroke (≥3 months). Intervention: All subjects received individual outpatient conventional physiotherapy rehabilitation for 12 weeks. In addition, subjects in Group A ( n = 20) received treadmill walking exercise training (TWET) while those in Group B ( n = 20) received overground walking exercise training (OWET). Those in Group C (control) ( n = 20) received conventional physiotherapy rehabilitation only. Main measures: Outcome measures were (i) 10-metre walk time (10MWT) test and (ii) six-minute walk distance (6MWD) test. These were evaluated at entry into the study and at the end of every four weeks. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate the significance of the difference between pre-training and post-training scores on the two measures ( P < 0.05). Results: Subjects in the TWET group recorded 22.6 ± 1.5% decrease in 10MWT and 31.0 ± 4.3% increase in 6MWD; those in the OWET group made 26.8 ± 1.3% and 45.2 ± 4.6% improvement in 10MWT and 6MWD respectively. Subjects in the control group made 2.2 ± 0.7% and 2.9 ± 0.8% improvement in the two functions. These changes were significant for the TWET and OWET groups ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that treadmill and overground walking exercise training programmes, combined with conventional rehabilitation, improved walking function in an African group of adult stroke survivors. Therefore, professionals who conduct stroke rehabilitation programmes should utilize exercise training to optimize patient outcomes.
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Academic achievement and self-concept of male and female secondary school students in Gwagwalada Area Council, Federal Capital Territory (fct) Abuja, Nigeria - Onyilo, BO; Onyilo, GO (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
This paper investigated the academic achievement and self-concept of male and female secondary school students in Gwagwalada Area Council of Abuja Federal Capital Territory. Four research questions were raised and four hypotheses were generated and tested to guide the study. Four hundredrespondents were randomly selected for the study. From the data analysis, academic achievement and self concept were discovered to be gender sensitive. The study revealed that male students had higher mean scores in self-concept and academic achievement than the females. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups at 0.05 level of significance. The paper concluded with recommendations that counsellors should be employed and posted to schools to assist students toachieve better in their academic activities and guide them especially the females to develop positive self-concept.
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Managing bullying problems in Nigerian secondary schools: Some counselling interventions for implementation - Oyaziwo, A; Adegoke, AA (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
Bullying problem has remained pervasive and a going concern for all stakeholders of education who desire to make school climate a safe haven. This paper is moved by this desire, by bringing into context the meaning of bullying and prevalence of bullying around the globe. The paper further brings into perspective bullying situation in Nigeria and prescribes interventions for bullying prevention in schools. These include; provision of helping services for schools; sensitization and capacity building for stakeholders on bullyingdetection and prevention; implementation of bully buster programme; and improvement of students’ level of compassion and empathy through empathy training.
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Idealism and education in Nigeria - Oyelade, A. F. (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
This paper discusses the philosophy of idealism and considers the implications of the philosophy for education generally, and for education in Nigeria in particular. The method used in the discussion involves philosophical analyses which comprise logical, linguistic, expository and critical analyses. It was concluded that idealism asserts that ultimate reality is mind and spirit; and that knowledge involves coherence theory of truth. It was noted that values involve moral and spiritual development but without precluding survival values as are found in the sciences. It was also observed that the advanced nations encourage democratic values which promote real educational and national development. On the contrary, Nigeria emphasizes values in science and technology for educational and national development. These have been found not to promote educational and national development appreciably over the years. It is therefore recommended that Nigeria should appreciate thephilosophy of idealism, implement it in her educational policy and lay greater emphasis on moral and spiritual development in order to achieve sustainable development.
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Parenting and Feeding Behaviors Associated With School-Aged African American and White Children - Polfuss, Michele; Frenn, Marilyn (Western Journal of Nursing Research, 2011)
Pediatric obesity is multifactorial and difficult to treat. Parenting and feeding behaviors have been shown to influence a child's weight status. Most prior studies have focused on preschool-aged White children. Additional complicating factors include parents' inability to accurately identify their child's abnormal weight status. Parenting and feeding behaviors used by 176 African American and White parents of school-age children were examined. Assessment included (a) identifying what behaviors were reported when parent expressed concern with child's weight and (b) the relationship of these behaviors on child's body mass index percentile (BMI%), considering ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and parent's body mass index (BMI). Findings included African American parents and parents concerned about their child's weight exhibited increased controlling/authoritarian parenting and feeding behaviors. Parents were able to accurately identify their child's weight status. Parenting and feeding behaviors played a significant role in the children's BMI% even when controlling for ethnicity, SES, and parent's BMI.
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Teacher trainees’ appraisal of guidance and counselling programmes in colleges of education in Ghana: A study of selected colleges in the Eastern and greater Accra zones - Sampson, E Nyarko – (Nigerian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2011)
The study appraised the guidance and counselling services in Colleges of Education in Ghana. Four research questions were posed to direct the study. The evaluation research design was used whilst a multi – stage sampling procedure was employed to select a sample of 185 students. A40–item questionnaire with reliability co-efficient of .68 was used to collect the data, and frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the data collected. The conclusion was that students’ patronage is on the average. Again, students’ needs that are most met by guidance and counselling programmes are academic and relationship needs whilst the need least met is placement. It is recommended that counsellors should be provided with counselling offices. Other forms of guidance activities including seminars, durbars, and excursions should be given due attention on the school guidance calendar.
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Teaching controversial issues and teacher education in England and South Africa - Chikoko, Vitallis; Gilmour, James David; Harber, Clive; Serf, Jeff (Journal of Education for Teaching, 2011)
"Teaching controversial issues and teacher education in England and South Africa." Journal of Education for Teaching, 37(2), p. 239
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Climate change in sub-Saharan Africa: Consequences and implications for the “Future of Pastoralism” - Ericksen, Polly J.; Leeuw, Jan de; Thornton, Philip K.; Ayantunde, Augustine A.; Said, M.; Herrero, Mario; Notenbaert, An Maria Omer (2011)
Presentation at 'The Future of Pastoralism in Africa: International Conference to Debate Research Findings and Policy Options', Addis Ababa, 21-23 March 2011.
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An Autobiography of Teaching and Teacher Evaluation in an Apartheid and Post-Apartheid South Africa – Part One. - Naidu, Sham (2011)
Evaluation of staff has always been a contentious issue in education and even more in South Africa where education and specifically schools were politicised during the years of struggle for a truly democratic dispensation. During this period teachers refused to participate in any form of evaluation or inspection as it was referred to then. Teachers believed that the evaluation system was forced on to them by the state. Furthermore, they regarded the system as totally unacceptable because it was undemocratic and non-participatory. Because the legitimacy of the evaluation system was doubted by the majority of teachers, it resulted in a decline in the quality of educational provision. The culture of teaching and learning in most Black schools was undermined to such an extent that hardly any bona fide evaluation took place during the latter stage of the struggle for freedom from White oppression namely, from the 1980s to the early 1990s (van der Bank, 2000).
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Development and evaluation of a patient centered cardiovascular health education program for insured patients in rural Nigeria (QUICK - II) - Odusola, Aina Olufemi; Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth; Schultsz, Constance; Stronks, Karien; Lange, Joep M. A.; Osibogun, Akin; Akande, T.M.; Alli, Shade; Adenusi, Peju; Agbede, Kayode; Haafkens, Joke A. (BMC Public Health, 2011)
In Sub Saharan Africa, the incidence of hypertension and other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is growing rapidly. Poor adherence to prescribed prevention and treatment regimens by patients can compromise treatment outcomes. Patient-centered cardiovascular health education is likely to improve shortcomings in adherence. This paper describes a study that aims to develop a cardiovascular health education program for patients participating in a subsidized insurance plan in Nigeria and to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness in patients at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.The study has two parts. Part 1 will develop a cardiovascular health education program, using qualitative interviews with stakeholders. Part 2 will evaluate the effectiveness of the program in patients, using a prospective (pre-post) observational design.A rural primary health center in Kwara State, Nigeria.For part 1: 40 patients, 10 healthcare professionals, and 5 insurance managers. For part 2: 150 patients with uncontrolled hypertension or other cardiovascular risk factors after one year of treatment.Part 2: patient-centered cardiovascular health education program.Part 1: Semi-structured interviews to identify stakeholder perspectives. Part 2: Pre- and post-intervention assessments including patients' demographic and socioeconomic data, blood pressure, body mass index and self-reporting measures on medication adherence and perception of care. Feasibility of the intervention will be measured using process data.For program development (part 1): overview of healthcare professionals' perceptions on barriers and facilitators to care, protocol for patient education, and protocol implementation plan.For program evaluation (part 2): changes in patients' scores on adherence to medication and life style changes, blood pressure, and other physiological and self-reporting measures at six months past baseline.Part 1: content analytic technique utilizing MAXQDA software. Part 2: univariate and multilevel analysis to assess outcomes of intervention.Diligent implementation of patient-centered education should enhance adherence to cardiovascular disease prevention and management programs in low income countries.ISRCTN47894401.
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Pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus outbreak among boarding school pupils in Madagascar: compliance and adverse effects of prophylactic oseltamivir treatment - Rajatonirina, Soatiana; Heraud, Jean‐Michel; Randrianasolo, Laurence; Razanajatovo, Norosoa Harline; Ramandimbisoa, Tombo; Ratsitorahina, Maherisoa; Richard, Vincent (Journal of infection in developing countries (Online), 2011)
Introduction: In October 2009, the first outbreak of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus in Madagascar occurred at a school in Antananarivo. Among the first 12 cases, five were reported in boarding pupils at the school. The school closed 10 days into the outbreak. Mass oseltamivir prophylactic treatment was used to contain the outbreak. This study aimed to determine the transmission of infection among boarding school pupils and to evaluate the adverse effects of oseltamivir chemoprophylactic treatment and their impact on compliance. Methodology: After conducting an initial investigation of the outbreak we administered a questionnaire to 132 boarders who were present after the school re-opened. Questions addressed symptoms of influenza-like illness, compliance with chemoprophylaxis, and adverse effects. Results: Of 59 boarders, 20 (45.0%) had confirmed pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection. Among the asymptomatic boarders, compliance with oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis was moderate: 56.2% took the full 10-day course, and 66.9% completed at least seven days. In contrast, among symptomatic boarders, only two did not take the full course of oseltamivir. Fifty percent of the boarders receiving oseltamivir experienced symptoms such as fatigue (38.7%), difficulty concentrating (22.6%) and headaches (19.4%). Bad compliance was not associated with adverse effects. Conclusion: Since the symptoms of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus were generally mild, the burden of adverse effects must be considered when deciding on mass oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis among teenagers.
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Climate change/variability and food systems: evidence from the Afram Plains, Ghana - Codjoe, Samuel Nii Ardey; Owusu, George (Regional Environmental Change, 2011)
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Mozambique - Technical and Vocational Education and Training : P087347 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 09 - Menezes, Ana Ruth (2011)
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Early intervention as a catalyst for effective early childhood education in ghana- how can this work? - Ackar, F.R.; Appiah, John (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
Early childhood intervention is an essential contributor and catalyst for the development of a culture of positive attitudes towards children with disabilities in a country like Ghana. Intervention could begin at the early years or early childhood education level. Does early intervention make a difference in the lives of children whose development is delayed or abnormal in Ghana? How would we respond if our children required early intervention to fare well at the early childhood centre? The urgency or disconcerting feeling is that something is wrong and something responsive must be done! As Ghana strides towards mainstreaming early childhood education in the quest to attain Education For All (EFA) and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), an integrated, inclusive and effective early intervention programme becomes inevitable for children with disabilities. This would provide mutual benefits for children with disabilities, parents and families, educators and professionals and the society at large. How can this work in Ghana?
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Perceived availability of guidance and counselling services among tertiary institution students in selected South-West Universities in Nigeria - Adebowale, TA (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
Education is very vital in the development of any nation, more importantly higher education. Unfortunately, the same higher education is faced with great challenges and difficulties ranging from individual personal problem, to institution and to general problems. The study investigated the perception of the students about the guidance services available to them. The study adopted descriptive survey twelve (12) universities consisting federal, state, and private universities from south-west geopolitical zone of Nigeria, 50 students comprises of male and female including undergraduates and post graduates were randomly selected from each of the universities. Five hypotheses were postulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were collected with the use of “Available Guidance Services Questionnaire” (AGSQ) á =0.73 and analyzed with t-test. The students from sample universities had the same perception about the guidance services that were not in operation as they should be utilized. The findings will help each university authority and National University commission (NUC) to recommend the establishment and the functioning of guidance and counselling unit, staffing it with adequate professionals. They also should be monitored in order to fulfill its goals and the higher educational goals that would develop the nation and Africa as a whole.
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Impact of locus of control, religiosity and exercise on depression in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital - Adekeye, OB; Olisah, Victor Obiajulu (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
The study assesses the combined effects of locus of control, religiosity, and physical exercise constructs on the global health outcome in depressed patients at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika,Zaria.A cross-sectional study design was used; fifteen (15) participants were purposively selected from diagnosed depressed patients attending follow up clinic at the department of Psychiatry, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika, Zaria. There is a positive relationship between all measures, religiosity and locus of control (.62), Becks depression inventory and locus of control (.92), Becks depression inventory and religiosity (.67). the mean BDI score dropped to 10.67 after treatment, a high internal LOC to 11.0 also after treatment and an increase in REL to 11.30 after treatment.
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Attribution patterns, attitude and knowledge of Hiv/Aids on sexual behavioural change among students of Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria - Adekeye, Olujide A; Adeusi, Sussan O (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
Sexual behavioural change is central to HIV/AIDS control programme. This study was carried out among students (n = 603; average age = 18.9) of Covenant University, Nigeria. The study was designed to examine the impact of attribution patterns, attitude and knowledge of HIV/AIDS on sexual behavioural change. Three hypotheses were raised. Regression analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s r were used to analyze the data. The results show that attribution patterns and attitude towards HIV did not influence sexual behavioural change. In effect, knowledge of HIV was the best predictor of sexual behavioural change of respondents. The study also revealed that there was a significant effect of gender on sexual behavioural change of respondents while there was no significant effect of age. Another result shows that there was a strong correlation between perceived benefits and all the other variables. Fourteen percent (14%) of the respondents are sexually active, 520 or 86% indicated they are not sexually active. Eighty-nine percent (89%) of the respondents do not know of anyone who is HIV positive or died from AIDS while 11% knows someone who is HIV positive or had died from AIDS related complications. This study shows that young people using the perceived benefits variable in the Health Belief Model (HBM) coupled with adequate knowledge of HIV knowledge have the power and ability to change their risky sexual behaviour.
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Current state of the economy and Obafemi Awolowo University students’ assessment of the image of the Nigerian civil service - Adisa, ADENIYI Adekunle (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
The objectives of this paper were three-fold. One, to examine the students’ perceptions of civil service employment in Nigeria; two, to assess influence of their perception on attitudes toward the civil Service; and three, to examine implications of emerging attitude for civil service jobs on economic development. The study adopted qualitative research technique of focus group discussion. The study revealed variations in the work plans of the students, and notably, aversion towards civil service jobs. It also examined the sustainability of the students’ negative attitude towards civil service employment. The paper concluded that the students had negative perception and image of the civil service and the emerging negative attitude could be sustained by the availability of job opportunities made possible by improvement in Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
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High school students’ perception of computer laboratory learning environments in Ghana - Ahiatrogah, PD; Adane, Martin (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
This study focused on senior high school students’ perception of their computer laboratory learning environment and how the use of computers affects their learning in urban and community senior high schools. Data was obtained with the Computer Laboratory Environment Inventory questionnaire, administered to 278 second year senior high school students. The data was analyzed using SPSS to find how frequent students experience a particular factor that affect them when in the computer laboratory and also the difference in how male and female students perceive their computer laboratory learning environment as measured using the t-test. Four factors, supply material environment, integration, supervision and reliable material environment, were found to influence students’ perception of their computer laboratory environment. The findings revealed that students’ general perception of their computer laboratory environments in both school types were positive but significantly different in favour of those in urban schools. The findings suggest that serious efforts must be made by the Ministry of Education (MOE) to improve the material environment, particularly, in Community schools.
openalex: W2016134742 mag: 2016134742
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Do South African HIV/AIDS educational policies and praxis promote the best interest of learners? - Christo, J.; Vollenhoven, Willem J. Van (Journal of juridical science, 2011)
An estimated 25 percent of the general South African population will be HIV positive by the year 2010. With no cure to date, the best HIV/AIDS prevention is responsible sexual behaviour promoted through education. In 1999, the National Policy on HIV/AIDS for Learners and Educators in Public Schools, and Students and Educators in Further Education and Training Institutions (Government Notice 20372 of 10 August 1999), was published in terms of Section 3(4) of the National Educational Policy Act (No. 27 of 1996). The publication of this policy is a major step in the war against HIV/AIDS, but it is uncertain how this policy is being implemented on ground level in accordance with the Constitutional rights of learners. This theoretical paper investigates whether South African HIV/AIDS educational policies and praxis promotes the best interest of learners. The underlying causes of the HIV/AIDS epidemic are briefly explored, followed by an exposition of the learner’s rights in terms of the Constitution and HIV/AIDS educational policies, and existing HIV/AIDS educational strategies and programmes. Recommendations are made for further HIV/AIDS policy and educational implementation.
openalex: W2159993550 mag: 2159993550
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The importance of management training topics as rated by school managers in South Africa: Implications for training - Dzansi, Dennis Yao; Dzansi, Lineo Winifred (African Journal of Business Management, 2011)
Training is regarded as a key HRM function necessary for achievement of organisational goals. Continuous management training is important for management renewal, and even more so in today’s ever changing environment. Without it, even the most well resourced organisation may soon become like a “rudderless ship” in the waters where the tide is ever changing. The objectives of this study were four fold. To: (i) determine the importance that school managers in two South African education districts attach to selected in-service school management training topics; (ii) determine the relative importance of topics for each management level; (iii) make generalisations concerning school managers’ training needs for the whole of South Africa; (iv) make generalisations concerning selection of training topics for management training in general. An extensive review of related literature preceded the empirical study. Thereafter, stratified random sampling was used to select 88 participants. 69 completed questionnaires were returned yielding 78.4% response rate. The results show that respondents regard all the training topics as important and ratings of the importance of topics differ significantly based on: level of education; experience; school type; and management level. Implications of the findings discussed and suggestions for further research are provided. Key words: Management training, in-service training, school managers, training, South Africa.
openalex: W2122676365 mag: 2122676365
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The place of interest in pre-service English teachers’ choice of occupation: A study of selected Nigerian College of Education Students - Faniran, AO; Olatunji, SO (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
The study was carried out on the basis of the fact established in extant literature that the impact of well motivated teachers right from the Universal Basic Education level can stop to the evil of perennial mass failure of Nigerian candidates in English language examinations. Two hundred pre-service English language teachers were randomly sampled from four colleges of education in southwestern Nigeria. A self-constructed thirteen-item questionnaire was validated and used to collect data. The analysis of the data revealed that (i) a much greater percentage of the pre-service teachers in the colleges of education in the southwestern part of Nigeria do not see teaching as a profession (ii) most Nigerian pre-service English teachers in colleges of education found themselves in teacher preparation programmes as a result of frustration rather than interest (iii) majority of the English language teachers would opt out of the profession at the next available opportunity (iv) the pre-service teachers do not believe in their prospective students (v) most of the pre-service teachers do not have adequate interest in teaching English language. These imply that when such people get into actual classroom practice, they cannot effect the much-needed positive change.
openalex: W2060410527 mag: 2060410527
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A study of self perception and academic performance of students with special needs into mainstreamed public secondary schools in Nigeria - Fareo, DO (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
The study investigated the influence of types of exceptionality on the self perception of students with special needs. It examined the influence of sex of students with special needs on their self perception. It also compared the academic performance of male and female students with special needs. One instrument named Self Perception of Students with Special Needs (SPSSN) and the Examination Records (ER) were used fir the collection of data. The results showed exceptionality types of students with special needs had influence on their self perception. However, the result revealed that sex of students with special needs had no significant influence on their self perception. Also, there was no significant difference between academic performance of male and female students with special needs. The study concluded that students with special needs were yet to be integrated into public secondary schools, and this could affect their self perception and academic performance.
openalex: W2014576558 mag: 2014576558
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Gambia, The - Third Education Project - Phase II : P077903 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 09 - Lahire, Nathalie (2011)
openalex: W2918143734 mag: 2918143734
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Health promotion and cervical cancer in South Africa: why adolescent daughters can teach their mothers about early detection - Mosavel, Maghboeba (Health Promotion International, 2011)
The notion that adolescent daughters can provide their mothers with health information that could actually impact the mothers’ behavior is a novel area of health promotion research. The goal of this study is to explore the reasons why adolescent daughters would give their mothers cervical cancer information, and why mothers would have the intent to listen to advice to obtain a Pap smear. We randomly selected and interviewed 157 mother and daughter dyads in Cape Town, South Africa. Almost one-fourth of mothers (22%) indicated never having had a Pap smear, while 92% of their daughters said their mother has never talked to them about cervical cancer or a Pap smear. Willingness of daughters to ask their mothers to obtain a Pap smear was high (80%). Motivations included the important health benefit and the sense of responsibility to share life saving information. Most mothers said they would definitely obtain a Pap smear when advised by their daughter (74%), while 25% said they would have to think about it and 1% said they would not listen. Mothers’ main motivations included the direct health benefit and a strong sense of duty and responsibility to listen to her daughter. This study provides important information about the reasons why an upward (child to parent) health intervention may be feasible. The values of duty and responsibility, especially as it manifests within the family, hold promise for informing health promotion interventions directed at multiple generations.
openalex: W2122274252 mag: 2122274252
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Why choose South Africa? Insights from international undergraduate students - Mpinganjira, Mercy (African Journal of Business Management, 2011)
The South African government in conjunction with its institutions of higher education has taken many deliberate measures aimed at attracting international students. This study was aimed at investigating factors that influence international students’ choice of the country as their study destination. Data used in the analysis was collected using an online structure questionnaire from 88 international undergraduate students studying at the University of Witwatersrand. The results show that the most important influencing factors relate to quality of education offered, lower costs associated with studying in the country and geographical proximity of the country to home countries of most of the students hosted. Available promotional information on study opportunities in South Africa was found to have had influenced the least number of students in their decision to study in the country. The findings have wide implications on the marketing of a country as an international study destination and these have been highlighted in the paper.
openalex: W2100198247 mag: 2100198247
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Knowledge attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among urban and rural Nigerian women: a call for education and mass screening - Nwankwo, Kenneth Chima; Aniebue, UU; Aguwa, Emmanuel N.; Anarado, Agnes N.; Agunwah, E. (European Journal of Cancer Care, 2011)
The incidence of cervical cancer has declined in developed nations due to routine use of cervical cancer screening services. In developing nations opportunistic screening is the practice, and many women present with late-stage disease. This study was designed to ascertain the knowledge of the women in Nigeria to cervical cancer, their practice of cervical cancer screening and factors hindering the use of available screening services. A cross-sectional study was done with interviewer-administered questionnaire. Only the consenting women attending an annual Christian religious meeting in 2007 in three towns in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria participated. Only 15.5% of the respondents were aware of availability of cervical cancer screening services. The awareness significantly varied with the level of educational attainment (P<0.0001). Only 4.2% had ever done Pap smear test and all were referred for screening. The most important factors hindering the use of available cervical cancer screening services were lack of knowledge (49.8%) and the feeling that they had no medical problems (32.0%). There is very poor knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening among Nigerian women. Effective female education and free mass screening are necessary for any successful cervical cancer screening programme in Nigeria.
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Dignity: The missing building block in South African schools? - Reyneke, J.M. (Journal of juridical science, 2011)
There is a dire need in South Africa to build a strong education system to meet the needs and expectations of its people. Unfortunately, education is currently in an unacceptable state, with, inter alia, escalating school-based violence, deteriorating matriculation results and standards, high absenteeism rates among educators, strikes, and a lack of proper facilities and infrastructure. Lack of respect for the right to dignity of stakeholders will be investigated as an underlying contributing factor to this unfortunate situation. First, the concept of dignity will be discussed. Secondly, certain conduct, actions and decisions on the part of the different stakeholders will be considered with specific reference to the impact thereof on the different dimensions of the right to dignity of other stakeholders. It will be argued that all stakeholders in education infringe, to some extent, the right to dignity of others and that they should be sensitised to these infringements.
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An assessment of Mathematics self – efficacy of secondary school students in Osun State, Nigeria - Tella, Adeyinka (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
The study examined an assessment of mathematics self-efficacy of secondary school students in Osun State. It drawn on 500 students comprising 250 males and 250 females randomly selected from 5 secondary schools in Osogbo. Their ages range between 11-17 years with a mean age of 14 years and a standard deviation of 4. A self –efficacy instrument developed by (Morgan & Jinks 1995) was adapted with mathematics achievement test with r= 0.72 developed by the researcher were used for data collection. Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using student–t test, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical tools. The results indicated that significant difference exists in the mathematics self-efficacy of the subjects based on gender and age groups, and that of mathematics achievement. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Secondary School teachers should always make mathematics class more interesting as this will go a long way to improve the student’s self efficacy and achievements in the subjects.
openalex: W2010636961 mag: 2010636961
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Furthering national values through religion in public school education: Comparing the United States, Australia and South Africa - Waal, Elda de; Mawdsley, RD; Cumming, Jacqueline Joy (Journal of juridical science, 2011)
Changing support, rejection or indifference to religion has shaped the relationship between government and religion in the United States, Australia and South Africa. The place of religion as moulder of national values in education has been determined by judicial interpretation in the United States, by legislature in Australia and by legislation, administration and constitutional interpretation in South Africa. These countries have faced the challenges of whether and how to permit the propagation of religious values into public education. Having a more accommodationist interpretation, Australia has well nigh furthered Christian values at public schools, which would not be allowed under the United States Constitution. South Africa has evolved its own legislative, judicial and administrative approach to addressing religion at schools from a perspective of impartiality, while aspiring to urge learners to achieve higher levels of moral judgment. The three approaches imply fundamental constitutional, political and judicial differences that allow little commonality. The varied legal mechanisms used by the three countries namely reflect differing historical and legal developments.
openalex: W2169661052 mag: 2169661052
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Prevalence of Parasitic Infections among Students in a Large Rural Community Secondary School in Esssien Udim L. G. A. of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria - Akpan, PA; Abraham, JT (African Research Review, 2011)
The prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites was investigated in a large community secondary school in the rural community of Essien Udim Local Government Area.Faecal specimens were collected from 400 students, randomly selected from the school and examined microscopically for the presence of intestinal parasites.Direct wet smear and formol-ether concentration techniques were applied in the examination of the stool specimens.Of the 400 specimens examined, 143 (13.35%), were positive for parasites.The prevalence of parasites found were as follows: Ascaris sp 50 (12.50%),Trichuris 37 (9.25%),Hookworm 27 (6.75%),Enterobius sp 11 (2.75),Hymenolepis sp 13 (3.25%),Taenia sp 5 (1.25%).Male students had higher, 84 (21.00%) prevalence than females, 59 (14.75%).Males in the 12-14 and 15-17 age groups and females in the 15-17 years age group were the most infected.More females have infections than males.The differences between male and female infections was significant at p>0.05.The general effects of the parasites on the infected students was constant absenteeism Indexed African Journals Online: www.ajol.inforeduced mental ability, general weakness resulting in low grades in school examinations.Health education conducted included advice on the provision of modern toilet facilities and borehole water in the study area and immediate surrounding communities.
openalex: W1964807454 mag: 1964807454
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Gender and Occupational Preferences among Senior High School Students in Cross River State Nigeria - Eyo, MB; Edet, PB (African Research Review, 2011)
This quasi-experimental study was carried cut to investigate the influence of gender on the occupational preferences of senor secondary school students in Cross River State, Nigeria.The sample consisted of 450 respondents; 225 male and 225 female randomly drawn from 2 (two) sampled schools, one school sampled form experimental group while the other was a control group.A well constructed and validated questionnaire (SOPI) constructed by the researchers was the instrument used for data collection.To achieve the purpose of the study one null hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance using the (x 2 ) chi-square statistical test.The finding showed that gender has a significant influence on the occupational preference among counselled and uncounselled students.While one's sex group determines one's choice of occupation when choice was ignorantly made, such sex influence manifested as a major variable even after counselling and the subsequent enlightenment of occupational demands.Based on the finding, conclusion and recommendation were made.
openalex: W2050753324 mag: 2050753324
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African American Students’ Reactions to Benjamin Cooke’s “Nonverbal Communication Among Afro-Americans: An Initial Classification” - Greene, Deric M.; Stewart, Felicia R. (Journal of black studies, 2011)
The nonverbal communication behavior of Black people continues to take new forms as time progresses. In Kochman’s 1972 book, Rappin’ and Stylin’ Out: Communication in Urban Black America, Benjamin Cooke introduced an initial classification and code of nonverbal behaviors among people of African descent. In this study, students react to Cooke’s study conducted in the late 1960s by commenting on Cooke’s initial findings in comparison to nonverbal behaviors practiced among Black people as of late. Respondents suggest that while differences and variations exist between the expression of nonverbal behaviors exhibited by the original group studied and people recently observed, there yet remains a similarity in the cultural significance and motivation behind the displays.
openalex: W2092031043 mag: 2092031043
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The State of Administration of Health Services among Secondary Schools in Cross River State of Nigeria - Ogbiji, JE; Ekpo, K (African Research Review, 2011)
This study investigates the implementation of health services programme among public and private secondary schools in Cross River State of Nigeria.The five research questions aimed at finding out the state of access to module health services, nursing services, and health education.Other areas of the research are participation in games and sports and participation in healthpromoting clubs in public and private secondary schools in the State.Samples comprising of 336 teachers from 104 secondary schools responded to a 12-item Principals and Teachers opinion on secondary school health services questionnaire.The findings show that there are significant differences between public and private secondary schools on administration of health services, health education and health-related programmes.It is recommended that since health service is the right of all citizens, government should ensure equitable distribution of health service and personnel to both public and private secondary schools in the State.School principals and proprietors should be aware that students need good health in order to
openalex: W1994391281 mag: 1994391281
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Education and the Paradox of Graduate Unemployment: The Dilemma of Development in Nigeria - Ogege, SO (African Research Review, 2011)
The paper is an assessment of education, graduate unemployment and the dilemma of development in Nigeria.Formal education is universally acknowledged as a legitimized vehicle for self and societal advancement.The educational curricula, especially that of a university, imparts knowledge, relevant skills and competencies on the individual.It is through these knowledge and skills that education in its manifest function makes provision for social placement.However the paper maintains that distressingly, there exists lack of synergy between the number of graduates turned out annually and existing job opportunities.As a result of this mismatch, university graduates wander hopelessly for years in search of jobs.The problem of graduate unemployment is attributable to corruption in governance, population explosion, expansion of university enrolment and lack of entrepreneurship education in the university curricula.The high rate of graduate unemployment is indicative of deteriorating economy and it jeopardizes Nigeria's chances of achieving its development aspirations.The paper therefore recommends among others that there should be radical curriculum and pedagogical reforms, upgrading existing facilities to match international standard, the emergence of visionary leaders that can build an economy that has the capacity to generate employment for the nation's teeming unemployed graduates.
openalex: W1963701785 mag: 1963701785
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Hodgkin lymphoma at the paediatric oncology unit of Gabriel-Touré teaching Hospital Bamako (Mali): 3 years experience - Togo, B; Traoré, Fousseyni; Togo, A.; Traoré, Cheick Bougadari; Kéita, M; Diawara, Mohamed Albert; Diakité, A.; Sylla, Mamadou; Traoré-Dicko, F.; Traoré, B.; Sidibé, Toumani (Journal Africain Du Cancer / African Journal Of Cancer, 2011)
openalex: W18399403 mag: 18399403
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Young African American children's representations of self, science, and school: Making sense of difference - Varelas, María; Kane, Justine M.; Wylie, Caitlin Donahue (Science Education, 2011)
Abstract We focused on young, low‐income, African American children in first‐ to third‐grade classrooms where they experienced varied forms of interactive, participatory, and dialogic pedagogy in the context of yearlong, integrated science‐literacy instruction. Using conversations that started around children's own science journals, which were an important part of teaching and learning science in their classrooms, we studied 25 children's ideological becoming relative to the practices of science and schooling and the interplay between their selves and others. We found that “doing school” was a dominant narrative intertwined with “doing science.” Following behavioral codes and constructing smartness as a large amount of knowledge seemed to be an important part of their school world, antithetical in some ways to the active, inquisitive, questioning, flexible view of science and science learning that their classroom instruction aimed for. Nevertheless, children had also constructed valuable scientific practices and sophisticated conceptions that involved science as capital (social, cultural, or affective) for scientists and/or for themselves as scientists. How children made sense of their experiences in and out of school and interpreted their teacher's and peers' words and actions, and how they saw themselves as competent, were echoed in the varied ideological becoming in their science worlds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 95: 824–851, 2011
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Past climate changes explain the phylogeography of Vitellaria paradoxa over Africa - Allal, François; Sanou, Haby; Millet, Laurent; Alexandre, Veriano; Camus-Kulandaivelu, Létizia; Logossa, Zénor Ablah; Lefèvre, François; Bouvet, Jean‐Marc (Heredity, 2011)
The evolution of the savanna biome has been deeply marked by repeated contraction/expansion phases due to climate perturbations during the Quaternary period. In this study, we investigated the impact of the last glacial maximum (LGM) on the present genetic pattern of Vitellaria paradoxa (shea tree), a major African savanna tree. A range-wide sampling of the species enabled us to sample 374 individuals from 71 populations distributed throughout sub-Sahelian Africa. Trees were genotyped using 3 chloroplasts and 12 nuclear microsatellites, and were sequenced for 2 polymorphic chloroplast intergenic spacers. Analyses of genetic diversity and structure were based on frequency-based and Bayesian methods. Potential distributions of V. paradoxa at present, during the LGM and the last interglacial period, were examined using DIVA-GIS ecological niche modelling (ENM). Haplotypic and allelic richness varied significantly across the range according to chloroplast and nuclear microsatellites, which pointed to higher diversity in West Africa. A high but contrasted level of differentiation was revealed among populations with a clear phylogeographic signal, with both nuclear (FST=0.21; RST=0.28; RST>RST (permuted)) and chloroplast simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (GST=0.81; NST=0.90; NST>NST (permuted)). We identified a strong geographically related structure separating western and eastern populations, and a substructure in the eastern part of the area consistent with subspecies distinction. Using ENM, we deduced that perturbations during the LGM fragmented the potential eastern distribution of shea tree, but not its distribution in West Africa. Our main results suggest that climate variations are the major factor explaining the genetic pattern of V. paradoxa.
openalex: W1965330425 mag: 1965330425
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Predicting Participation in Environmental Education by Teachers in Coastal Regions of Tanzania - Bruyere, Brett L.; Nash, Peter E.; Mbogella, Felix (The Journal of Environmental Education, 2011)
Theories of responsible environmental behavior (REB) have most often been applied in developed countries and to direct forms of REB such as recycling and conserving water. This study applied a model of REB to a developing country setting in Tanzania based in part on variables from a Hungerford and Volk (1990) Hungerford, H. R. and Volk, T. L. 1990. Changing learner behavior through EE. Journal of Environmental Education, 21: 8–21. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar] model and targeting an indirect form of behavior: teaching environmental education (EE) to youth. A quantitative survey was developed and administered to 397 teachers from schools in coastal regions of the country. Regression analyses revealed a sequential model in which entry level variables predicted ownership variables, and ownership variables predicted empowerment variables. In addition, cognitive variables were particularly strong in predicting behavioral intent compared to affective variables.
openalex: W2035899685 mag: 2035899685
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United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and Sustainable Peace Building through Education: The Case of The United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA)/UNESCO Schools in Palestine - El-Katib, Mohammed; Singh, J. P.; Meller, Hilla (2011)
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A profile of current pharmacy education in the Sudan - Haga, Mam; Gamereldeen, Eme (Sudan journal of medical sciences, 2011)
Background:Surgeons are expected to deal with expect some failure of ERCP in extraction of missed CBD stones.Re-do surgery is difficult; however surgeons have to stand for it. Objectives:To audit the outcome of ERCP in extraction of CBD stone for patients referred to Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital.Material and methods:-Study design:-This is prospective, hospital based study; carried in the period from January 2009 to June 2010 in Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital .A total of 119 patients referred for ERCP extraction of CBD stones were studied. Results:Male to female ratio was 1:5.The mean age (±SD) is 55.4 (±17.57).Post cholecystectomy missed stones were 7(6%), post CDB exploration retained stones were 4(3.4%) and re-do ERCP was done in 9(7.6%) patients.Failure of stone extraction occurred in 10(25%) cases due to failure of cannulation while another 10(25%) cases had multiple impacted stones and nine (22.2%) had too big stone to be extracted.In addition, five (12.5%) cases had CBD stricture, and the procedure was not completed because of bleeding in two cases and impaction of the dormia basket in two (5%) cases.The success of redo ERCP is seven out of nine cases.Complication occurred in seven (5.88%) patients.These were bleeding in two (1.68%), cholangitis in one (0.84%) CBD and retro-peritoneal duodenal perforations in two (1.68%) and retained dormia basket in two (1.68%) cases.The mortality rate was one (0.8%) patient. Conclusion:ERCP, at Ibn Sina Hospital, has success rate in stone extraction in 79(66.4%)and complication rate in seven (5.88%) patients.About one third of cases attending ERCP for stone extraction were referred back for open exploration of CBD.
openalex: W2060030896 mag: 2060030896
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Inclusive Education in Zimbabwe - Ngwarai, Richard (2011)
This study sought to investigate strategies and implementation of inclusive education in Zimbabwe. The study involved thirty-four teachers from four primary schools practising inclusive education in Bulawayo. The study found that inclusion of children with special needs operated at different levels. In the private school, total inclusion was realized as all the teachers in the school were positive about it. In the other three schools, partial inclusion had been achieved. Basing on the results of the study, possible way forward could include enhancing teachers' understanding of inclusive education by training them at pre-service and in-service level. There was need for creating partnership among all key stakeholders, improving accountability and ensure resources and funding for inclusive education. There was need for the government of Zimbabwe to hold national workshops where it could articulate clearly its national plans of action on inclusive education. Inclusive education need to be guided by a clear legislation framework which was not the case at the time.
openalex: W2622745195 mag: 2622745195
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Environmental Literacy Among Preservice Social Studies Teachers: A Review of the Nigerian Experience - Ogunyemi, Biodun; Ifegbesan, Ayodeji Peter (Applied Environmental Education & Communication, 2011)
This mini-survey assessed the environmental literacy level of preservice teachers in a Nigerian university through 199 social studies teacher-trainees. It found a high level of awareness/knowledge on local environmental problems but low level on global environmental issues. Although a positive disposition toward environmental issues was demonstrated, evidence of knowledge gap which could hinder environmental stewardship was also noticed. The preservice teachers did not significantly differ in their knowledge of environmental issues and problems based on gender and mode of entry but differed in disposition toward same by gender and mode of entry. Some implications for teacher education are discussed.
openalex: W2166170482 mag: 2166170482
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Petrofac sets up training center in Syria (Industrial and Commercial Training, 2011)
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Outcomes of Management of Hypospadias at a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria - Abdur-Rahman, LO; Nasiru, AA; Adeyeye, AA; Adeniran, JO (Tropical Journal of Health Sciences, 2011)
Hypospadias is a congenital malformation of the urethra that requires surgical correction in children. This poses some challenges to the surgeon especially where facilities are lacking. There is scanty report ofencounters in the management of this condition from our subregion. Hence, we retrospectively reviewed the presentation and outcome of management of hypospadias at a tertiary health facility in Nigeriabetween Jan 2002 and Oct. 2009.There were 61 children with hypospadias during the period of which 47 (77.1%) had urethroplasty and this comprised 11 proximal, 4 midshaft and 32 distal types. Their agesranged between 2 months and 14 years, median= 18 months. Ten patients declined surgery and 4 are awaiting intervention because of age and size of penis. Co-morbidities were ambiguous genitalia 3, Down'ssyndrome 1, undescended testis 3 and 2 haemoglobin SS patients. Five patients presented with circumcised hypospadias. Various techniques of urethroplasty were done with improvised equipments due to resourcelimitation. There was no mortality but complication rate was 36.7% which included 9 post- urethroplasty fistulas and 2 with complete dehiscence that needed a secondary repair. There were 3 post operative morbidity out of 5 circumcised hypospadias (p=0.127). Length of hospital stay was between 1 and 18 days (median 7.8 days). In conclusion, there is need forpublic education about hypospadias presentations to prevent delay referral and undue circumcision. Provision of appropriate equipments will facilitatebetter outcome of paediatric urethroplasty.
openalex: W2088381270 mag: 2088381270
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The influence of climatic and socioeconomic factors on the occurrence of allergic conjunctivitis amongst primary school pupils in Owerri Urban, Nigeria - Ahuana, AO; Emereole, CG (The Red Parrot, 2011)
This study investigated some aspects of climatic and socioeconomic factors, which may influence the occurrence of allergic conjunctivitis among primary school pupils. A sample population of 150 pupils aged 5-15 years was randomly selected from different schools. The subjects were drawn from pupils of various classes and socioeconomic background. Questionnaire and clinical examination were used. The result revealed that climatic factor influences the occurrence of allergic conjunctivitis, 48.9% during harmattan season and 26% during rainy season. Occurrence in females was 59.3% compared to 32% in males. Pupils of the parents who were artisans had 52% while those whose parents were professionals had 18.2%. Pupils within the age of 9-12 had67.9%, while the age group 13-15 had 13.9%. Clinical sign on the conjunctiva only were seen on 67.9% of the pupils while 1.4% had clinical sign on the conjunctiva, eyelid and cornea.
openalex: W2055308775 mag: 2055308775
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Participatory Evaluation of Drought Tolerant Maize Varieties using Mother-Baby Trial Model: A Case Study in the Forest-Savannah Transition Zone of Ghana - Asumadu, H.; Ewool, Manfred; Obeng-Antw, K. (Journal of Agronomy, 2011)
openalex: W2315309099 mag: 2315309099
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Aural-Oral Communicative Skills Among Yemeni Secondary Level Students - Baskaran, Mani (Journal on English Language Teaching, 2011)
Many attempts are currently being made to develop Aural-Oral Communicative skills in English at school level, but it remains a difficult task for the teachers of English. There are a lot of readymade cassettes available in the market but they have hardly served the purpose. Admittedly, cassettes help and yield better results for learners, subject to teacher's competence to utilize them. English is a foreign language for Yemeni students at all levels: preparatory, secondary and tertiary. It is considered as a difficult subject due to the mother tongue interference. But the optimum use of audio cassettes developed by the teachers will help to achieve the desired results. In the present study, the basic skills were taken as tasks and simple tests were administered on the students, who start learning English at the age of eleven. Their mother tongue interference is deep-rooted and so they have difficulties in learning English.
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Intestinal Parasitosis Among Unicef Primary School Pupils Of Isingwu Oraifite Ekwusigo Local Government Area, Southeastern Nigeria - Okolo, KV; Ozumba, NA; Oguoma, Victor Maduabuchi; Mbanefo, Evaristus C. (Tropical Journal of Health Sciences, 2011)
openalex: W2047347395 mag: 2047347395
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Infection Prevention and Control Education in EGYPT: Professional Diploma in Infection Control (PDIC) - Расслан, Оссама (International Journal of Infection Control, 2011)
Preamble: before 2003, there was no structured infection control program in Egypt, neither at the national level nor at the peripheral facility level. there were only some individual efforts and isolated trials in some healthcare facilities. Early in 2003, an infection control program was established by collaboration between the Ministry of health, World health organisation (Who) Easter Mediterranean Regional office (EMRo) and other relevant governmental and non-governmental healthcare authorities and organizations. Education in infection prevention and control was targeted as one of the main objectives of the infection control program. Short term infection control training courses were developed by the ministry of health in conjunction with the Egyptian Society for Infection control (ESIC) as training of trainers (tot) courses. these courses were conducted in one of two forms: • A one week per month course, over a six months period, with the three weeks gap in each month used for practical on the job training in the field. • A one day per week course for a six months period, with field assignments and projects throughout the course, followed by the awarding of a training certificate after sitting for written, oral and practical exams. After four years of such certified training, ESIC and the Arab Institute for Continuing Professional Development (AICPD), decided that in order to have qualified professionals to take over infection prevention and control activities in Egypt, as well as the EMRo region, it would be important to have a more comprehensive training programme, allowing candidates to get a Professional Diploma in Infection Control (PDIC).
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Infection Prevention and Control Education in EGYPT: Professional Diploma in Infection Control (PDIC) - Расслан, Оссама (International journal of infection control (Print), 2011)
openalex: W4235574649
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Pollution studies on harbours and jetties in Nigeria - Agbagwa; Okpokwasili (African Journal of Biotechnology, 2011)
The distribution of bacteria in the surface waters and sediment of selected harbours and landing jetties in the city of Port Harcourt was investigated. Nine water and sediments samples were allocated on each trip and cultured for various organisms on the rainy and dry season. The total heterotrophic count of the water sample in the dry season ranged between 33 ± 7.4 and 62 ± 6.1 and between 38 ± 7.1 and 62 ± 19 CFU/ml in the rainy season. In the case of sediment samples, the THC of the dry season ranged between 31 ± 8.1 and 54 ± 20 CFU/g, while the count in the rainy season ranged between 24 ± 1.9 and 54 ± 19 CFU/g. Of the Vibrio species isolated, 3 (60%) were found to be Vibrio cholerae, while 2 (40%) were Vibrio parahaemolyticus, four isolates were also identified as Salmonella species. The high distribution of the bacteria which is of public health importance in the harbours/jetties, indicates pollution. Physiochemical parameters such as alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, chloride, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and heavy metal were investigated and showed significantly high values, which indicates pollution of the harbour. Key words: Bacteria, Port Harcourt, Vibrio.
openalex: W3143625265 mag: 3143625265
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Ghana - Education Sector Project : P050620 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 17 - Darvas, Péter (2011)
openalex: W1948703936 mag: 1948703936
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Congo, Republic of - Republic of Congo Support to Basic Education Project : P084317 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 15 - Radji, Rachidi B. (2011)
openalex: W2915533863 mag: 2915533863
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Egypt and the Origin of Civilization: The British School of Culture Diffusion, 1890s-1940s - Smith, Joshua D. (2011)
openalex: W2970606444 mag: 2970606444
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A survey on the current status of laparoscopic training in paediatric surgery in South Africa. - Stevens, Peter S.; Villiers, Martjie de; Niekerk, Martin L. van (PubMed, 2011)
To document the current status of laparoscopic training of paediatric surgical registrars in South Africa.An anonymous questionnaire was distributed. Participants were asked to document their involvement in a number of index laparoscopic procedures during the preceding year, as well as additional non-operative training they received and their satisfaction with their training thus far.All registrars (N=16) completed the questionnaire. Registrars were from the Universities of KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Town, Stellenbosch, Pretoria and the Witwatersrand, and Walter Sisulu University. The ratio of consultants proficient in paediatric laparoscopy to registrars was between 0.6 and 1. Junior registrars were more likely to assist with, and senior registrars more likely to perform, procedures. Registrar satisfaction varied greatly across institutions, with 44% of registrars satisfied with their training.The consultant-to-registrar ratio is favourable, and high patient load provides opportunity for laparoscopic education. However, there are a number of obstacles to adequate training. These include the feasibility of after-hours laparoscopic surgery and the availability and use of training aids. The introduction of a structured training programme across all institutions will improve laparoscopic proficiency and satisfaction among paediatric surgical registrars in South Africa.
openalex: W1894700182 mag: 1894700182
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Distribution of refractive errors among school children in Abia State of Nigeria - Uhuama, OC; Atowa, UC (The Red Parrot, 2011)
Visual screening in pre-school and school children has long been a tradition in developed nations of the world. And the significance of this cannot be overemphasized especially with the already established correlation between school performance and visual status. This study, which was carried our in Abia State of Nigeria made use of 2,525 school children aged 7 to 17yrs. One primary and one Secondary school each were chosen from four local councils from which the subjects were randomly selected. Following ocular pathology screening, the subjects declared free of such were subsequently refracted both objectively and subjectively using retino scope and trial case respectively.The result showed prevalence rate of 31.05% for myopia, 19.13% for hyperopia and 7.80% for astigmatism. Furthermore, the frequency of the distribution of myopia was found to show a linear progression with age while that of hyperopia was found to be on the decrease within the same age range. On further analysis, an average percentage difference of 2.14% was observed in the distribution of refractive errors in urban and rural school children.
openalex: W1982616626 mag: 1982616626
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West Bank and Gaza - Teacher Education Improvement Project : P111394 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 02 - Cuadra, Ernesto P. (2011)
openalex: W2915883913 mag: 2915883913
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Schooling and Achievement: A Discussion on African American Students from Low Socio-Economic Households and Their Over-Diagnoses of Learning Disabilities. - Hankerson, Pamela S. (2011)
openalex: W110837632 mag: 110837632
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Nigeria - Nigeria State Education Sector Project : P096151 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 09 - Adekola, Olatunde Adetoyese (2011)
openalex: W2119044065 mag: 2119044065
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Mali - Education Sector Investment Program II : P093991 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 10 - Kamano, Pierre Joseph (2011)
openalex: W1887870271 mag: 1887870271
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Evaluation of training and development practices in the Ghana Police Service: A Case Study of Akropong Division in the Eastern Region - Appiah, Sampson Anane – (2011)
openalex: W1667190935 mag: 1667190935
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A Survey of Hookworm Infection among Pupils of School Age in Jos-North, Plateau State, Nigeria - Bala, AY; Yakubu, DP (Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2011)
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Hookworm infection among children of school age in Jos-North Local Government Area of Plateau State.A total of 2,800 stool samples from pupils aged 3 -15 years and above, attending seven (7) primary schools were collected and bio-assayed for Hookworm ova using direct smear and formalin -ether concentration techniques.Six hundred and forty seven (647) pupils (23.11%) were found to be infected by various parasites.Parasites encountered in order of occurrence include Ascaris (8.46%), Entamoeba histolytica (5.64%), Hookworm spp (5.14%), Giardia (2.61%) and Trichuris (1.29%).The result showed that 144 of the pupils had hookworm ova in their stool samples.This accounts for 5.14% of the total population and 22.26% of the infected population.There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between males and females with respect to the prevalence of the infection, although more males (86) were found to be infected than females (58).There was significant difference between the different age groups (P < 0.05), 3 -6 yrs having the highest infection rate (11.3%) while 15 yrs and above have the lowest (1.31%).The implications of the findings on the occurrence and distribution of Hookworm infection and possible control measures were highlighted.Further study is needed to identify which of the two Hookworm species is most prevalent.
openalex: W1968691191 mag: 1968691191
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Critical Appraisal of the System of Education and Prospects of Meeting the Manpower and Developmental Needs of South Africa - Maree, Jacobus G. (Africa insight, 2011)
The main purpose of this article is to review the South African system of education and assess the country’s prospects of meeting current and future manpower and developmental needs. This inquiry is based primarily on an assessment of the current status quo in education in South Africain order to gain a better understanding of the problems facing education and to devise measures to solve these problems, and thereby help meet the manpower and developmental needs of South Africa.
openalex: W1836966954 mag: 1836966954
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The place of environmental education and awareness in biodiversity conservation in Nigeria - Oyelowo, OJ; Sulaiman, ON; Jeminiwa, O.R.; Olaoti-Laaro, SO (Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and the Social Sciences, 2011)
This paper examines the place of environmental education and awareness in biodiversity conservation in Nigeria. Depletion of biodiversity in Nigeria is a major environmental problem and a serious threat to livelihood and the quality of life. It is very important that future development programmes aggressively develop environment and sustainable development education and training to educate current and future generations, enabling them to meet the challenges of sustainable development in coming decades. There is an urgent need to improve public awareness and understanding of environmental issues with a view to promoting the conservation and wise use of natural resources at the community level.Keywords: Environment, education, biodiversity, conservation.
openalex: W2029990535 mag: 2029990535
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Supporting our Libyan students - Love, Hannah (2011)
openalex: W1541625640 mag: 1541625640
Keywords: openalex:import

Choice-Disability and HIV Infection: A Cross Sectional Study of HIV Status in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland - Andersson, Neil; Cockcroft, Anne (AIDS and Behavior, 2011)
Interpersonal power gradients may prevent people implementing HIV prevention decisions. Among 7,464 youth aged 15-29 years in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland we documented indicators of choice-disability (low education, educational disparity with partner, experience of sexual violence, experience of intimate partner violence (IPV), poverty, partner income disparity, willingness to have sex without a condom despite believing partner at risk of HIV), and risk behaviours like inconsistent use of condoms and multiple partners. In Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland, 22.9, 9.1, and 26.1% women, and 8.3, 2.8, and 9.3% men, were HIV positive. Among both women and men, experience of IPV, IPV interacted with age, and partner income disparity interacted with age were associated with HIV positivity in multivariate analysis. Additional factors were low education (for women) and poverty (for men). Choice disability may be an important driver of the AIDS epidemic. New strategies are needed that favour the choice-disabled.
openalex: W2133384347 mag: 2133384347
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Gender- and race-related physical activity levels of South African university students - Bloemhoeff, H.J. (African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2011)
Physical inactivity and the resultant chronic diseases are becoming a global epidemic. This article reflects on physical activity levels of undergraduate students at a university in South Africa. Gender and race differences in relation to these levels were investigated. A self-reported measureof physical activity suitable to facilitate cross-cultural comparisons of physical activity levels, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), was distributed to 413 third-year students at a university campus to determine the physical activity levels of students at a South Africanuniversity. An analysis of covariance was applied to check for gender and racial differences in relation to physical activity levels. Results revealed that 33% of students are inactive, irrespective of race and gender. Gender is a consistent and strong correlate of overall physical activity. Malesare highly significantly (p
openalex: W2256410593 mag: 2256410593
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Factors influencing the recruitment of students for university sport: The case of University of Johannesburg, South Africa - Burnett, Christopher F. (African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2011)
In the professional era of sport and increased competition between universities, recruitment of students and athletes have become a crucial strategic venture for higher education institutions using sport as a marketing tool, branding instrument and for status advancement. Students’ and athletes’ choice of an institution is significantly influenced by various factors of which the social, academic and sport-related factors are often in competition. Students have to negotiate between various influences and demands, with sport-related demands particularly dictating decision-making in the beginning years of university life. The formation of subcultures in high profiled male sports which are clustered through housing arrangements and career choices in sports, limits students’ career prospects outside the field of elite sport participation. The study identified the main factors influencing the choice of UJ as an institution for academic studies and sporting home of 149 competitive athletes in ten different sports, namely cricket, hockey, netball, rugby, soccer, volleyball, tennis, waterpolo, golf and cycling. It appears that peers studying at UJ (n=41) or friends as non-UJ students (n=37), as well as family members (n=34) are the most influential social agents and influencers. Main academic attractors include a perception that UJ is the “best” (n=80) in a particular academic field (n=80) and that the student activities are very attractive (n=52). The main sport-related attractors relate to the high level of sport at UJ (n=103), the quality of facilities (n=101) and a specific coach (n=85) – the latter is most prevalent for cricket, volleyball, netball and rugby.
openalex: W2041478479 mag: 2041478479
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The organization and implementation of community-based education programs for health worker training institutions in Uganda - Kaye, Dan K.; Mwanika, Andrew; Burnham, Gilbert; Chang, Larry W.; Mbalinda, Scovia Nalugo; Okullo, Isaac; Nabirye, Rose Chalo; Muhwezi, Wilson Winstons; Oria, Hussein; Kijjambu, Stephen; Atuyambe, Lynn; Aryeija, Warren (BMC International Health and Human Rights, 2011)
Abstract Background Community-based education (CBE) is part of the training curriculum for most health workers in Uganda. Most programs have a stated purpose of strengthening clinical skills, medical knowledge, communication skills, community orientation of graduates, and encouragement of graduates to work in rural areas. This study was undertaken to assess the scope and nature of community-based education for various health worker cadres in Uganda. Methods Curricula and other materials on CBE programs in Uganda were reviewed to assess nature, purpose, intended outcomes and evaluation methods used by CBE programs. In-depth and key informant interviews were conducted with people involved in managing CBE in twenty-two selected training institutions, as well as stakeholders from the community, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, civil society organizations and local government. Visits were made to selected sites where CBE training was conducted to assess infrastructure and learning resources being provided. Results The CBE curriculum is implemented in the majority of health training institutions in Uganda. CBE is a core course in most health disciplines at various levels – certificate, diploma and degree and for a range of health professionals. The CBE curriculum is systematically planned and implemented with major similarities among institutions. Organization, delivery, managerial strategies, and evaluation methods are also largely similar. Strengths recognized included providing hands-on experience, knowledge and skills generation and the linking learners to the communities. Almost all CBE implementing institutions cited human resource, financial, and material constraints. Conclusions The CBE curriculum is a widely used instructional model in Uganda for providing trainee health workers with the knowledge and skills relevant to meet community needs. Strategies to improve curricula and implementation concerns need further development. It is still uncertain whether this approach is increasing the number graduates seeking careers in rural health service, one of the stated program goals, an outcome which requires further study.
openalex: W2113589166 mag: 2113589166
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Assessing community perspectives of the community based education and service model at Makerere University, Uganda: a qualitative evaluation - Mbalinda, Scovia Nalugo; Plover, Colin; Burnham, Gilbert; Kaye, Dan K.; Mwanika, Andrew; Oria, Hussein; Okullo, Isaac; Muhwezi, Wilson Winstons; Groves, Sara (BMC International Health and Human Rights, 2011)
Community partnerships are defined as groups working together with shared goals, responsibilities, and power to improve the community. There is growing evidence that these partnerships contribute to the success and sustainability of community-based education and service programs (COBES), facilitating change in community actions and attitudes. Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) is forging itself as a transformational institution in Uganda and the region. The College is motivated to improve the health of Ugandans through innovative responsive teaching, provision of service, and community partnerships. Evaluating the COBES program from the community perspective can assist the College in refining an innovative and useful model that has potential to improve the health of Ugandans.A stratified random sample of 11 COBES sites was selected to examine the community's perception of the program. Key Informant Interviews of 11 site tutors and 33 community members were completed. The data was manually analyzed and themes developed.Communities stated the students consistently engaged with them with culturally appropriate behaviour. They rated the student's communication as very good even though translators were frequently needed. Half the community stated they received some feedback from the students, but some communities interpreted any contact after the initial visit as feedback. Communities confirmed and appreciated that the students provided a number of interventions and saw positive changes in health and health seeking behaviours. The community reflected that some programs were more sustainable than others; the projects that needed money to implement were least sustainable. The major challenges from the community included community fatigue, and poor motivation of community leaders to continue to take students without compensation.Communities hosting Makerere students valued the students' interventions and the COBES model. They reported witnessing health benefits of fewer cases of disease, increased health seeking behavior and sustainable healthcare programs. The evidence suggests that efforts to standardize objectives, implement structural adjustments, and invest in development of the program would yield even more productive community interactions and a healthcare workforce with public health skills needed to work in rural communities.
openalex: W2010384797 mag: 2010384797
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Education, Stability, and Security in Niger Delta - Oyeshola, Dokun; Fayomi, Ikeoluwa; Ifedayo, Tolu Elizabeth (Democracy and Security, 2011)
The future of Nigeria as an entity is in the balance if the agitation for separate nation states indicated by the Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MOSSOP) and Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) is anything to go by. This article proposes as a solution to the intractable crises of Nigeria in general, and the Delta in particular, the hypothesis that the education of the whole person—involving their intellect, will, and morals—would equal development, stability, and security because most of the crimes committed against the Nigerian state are by “uneducated intellectual giants.”
openalex: W1995799476 mag: 1995799476
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Research translation to inform national health policies: learning from multiple perspectives in Uganda - Ssengooba, Freddie; Atuyambe, Lynn; Kiwanuka, Suzanne N; Puvanachandra, Prasanthi; Glass, Nancy; Hyder, Adnan A. (BMC International Health and Human Rights, 2011)
Research and evidence can have an impact on policy and practice, resulting in positive outcomes. However, research translation is a complex, dynamic and non-linear process. Although universities in Africa play a major role in generating research evidence, their strategic approaches to influence health policies and decision making are weak. This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the process of translating research into policy in order to guide the strategic direction of Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) and similar institutions in their quest to influence health outcomes nationally and globally.A case study approach using 30 in-depth interviews with stakeholders involved in two HIV prevention research project was purposively selected. The study sought to analyze the research-to-policy discourses for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and safe male circumcision (SMC). The analysis sought to identify entry points, strengths and challenges for research-to-policy processes by interviewing three major groups of stakeholders in Uganda - researchers (8), policy makers (12) and media practitioners (12).Among the factors that facilitated PMTCT policy uptake and continued implementation were: shared platforms for learning and decision making among stakeholders, implementation pilots to assess feasibility of intervention, the emerging of agencies to undertake operations research and the high visibility of policy benefits to child survival. In contrast, SMC policy processes were stalled for over two years after the findings of the Uganda study was made public. Among other factors, policy makers demanded additional research to assess implementation feasibility of SMC within ordinary health system context. High level leaders also publicly contested the SMC evidence and the underlying values and messages - a situation that reduced the coalition of policy champions.This study shows that effective translation of PMTCT and SMC research results demanded a "360 degree" approach to assembling additional evidence to inform the implementation feasibility for these two HIV prevention interventions. MakCHS and similar institutions should prioritize implementation research to guide the policy processes about the feasibility of implementing new and effective innovations (e.g. PMTCT or SMC) at a large scale in contexts that may be different from the research environments.
openalex: W2159926632 mag: 2159926632
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Shattering the Glass Ceiling: Ensuring the Right to Vote for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities In Kenya - Mute, Lawrence M. (Africa thought and practice, 2011)
Is it self-evident that every Kenyan adult citizen should have the right to vote at national and civic elections or referenda? This is not always the case: certain segments of the population are expressly or implicitly excluded by law or practice from the franchise. This paper suggests that the concept of unsoundness of mind should no longer be the basis for excluding persons with disabilities generally, and those with intellectual disabilities in particular, from voting. It traces provisions in law that disenfranchise persons adjudged to be of unsound mind; and provides interpretation using national law as well as international human rights norms to infer that general or automatic disenfranchisement is a human rights violation. It concludes that Kenya’s electoral authorities must ensure that neither their policies nor the practices of their officials disenfranchise some Kenyan adults from voting by equating such persons’ mental illness or intellectual disabilities with “unsoundness of mind”. Key Words Mental illness; intellectual disabilities; unsound mind; law; human rights
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A comparison of social work education across South Africa and Japan in relation to the Global Standards for Social Work Education and Training - Sakaguchi, Haruhiko; Sewpaul, Vishanthie (International Journal of Social Welfare, 2011)
Sakaguchi H, Sewpaul V. A comparison of social work education across South Africa and Japan in relation to the Global Standards for Social Work Education and Training Int J Soc Welfare 2011: 20: 192–202 © 2009 The Author(s), International Journal of Social Welfare © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. This article draws on a one-year study visit to the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, interviews with field supervisors and students in Japan and reviews of the national frameworks of education in Japan and in South Africa. In doing so, the authors identify the similarities and differences in social work education across the two countries and they explore some of the historical and socio-cultural factors that might account for the differences. There are some identifiable peculiarities in social work education in Japan, especially with the coalescing of care work and social work education. The lack of differentiation between care work and social work makes it difficult to narrow the scope of social work education and practice. National social work standards have been approved in South Africa and regulatory frameworks for social work education and practice have been long accepted, thus rendering ‘social work’ a protected title and a profession that is more entrenched compared with social work in Japan. The codes of ethics in Japan and South Africa are discussed with specific reference to their control functions in South Africa. The article concludes by discussing these comparisons in relation to the Global Standards for Social Work Education.
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Technology-Mediated Learning (TML): Researching the Potential and Challenges of Using Mobile Devices to Support Learning and Health in Ghana - Aryee, Kinful Lartebea; Hansen, Ron (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference, 2011)
openalex: W1540811987 mag: 1540811987
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ICT in Initial Training Programs for French Teachers in Africa: A Portrait of the Situation - Collin, Simon; Karsenti, Thierry (2011)
openalex: W2198201125 mag: 2198201125
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System Transfer, Education, and Development in Mozambique - Cossa, José (International journal of education policy and leadership, 2011)
In this study the author used conceptual historical method to assess the phenomenon of system transfer and the association between education and development in Mozambique. The assessment was administered through critical analysis of documents pertaining to the Salazar (1924-1966), Machel (1975-1986), and Chissano (1986-2005) administrations. The findings were that (a) the colonial government created economic and educational systems for colonizing Mozambique, whereas the Machel and Chissano administrations adapted foreign systems of government and education (i.e., Socialism, Soviet, Democracy, Portuguese, etc.), to their particular context without altering the inherent theoretical basis of the systems transferred; (b) the Machel and Chissano administrations, implicitly or explicitly, perceived the relationship between education and development as circular causality rather than a unidirectional linear causality, while the Salazar administration perceived it as unidirectional linear causality; and (c) while the Machel and Chissano administrations focused on primary education, literacy campaigns, and education of women and girls, they differed in the reasons for such focus.
openalex: W1565504910 mag: 1565504910
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Does Adaptation to Climate Change Provide Food Security? A Micro‐Perspective from Ethiopia - Falco, Salvatore Di; Veronesi, Marcella; Yesuf, Mahmud (American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2011)
We examine the driving forces behind farm households’ decisions to adapt to climate change, and the impact of adaptation on farm households’ food productivity. We estimate a simultaneous equations model with endogenous switching to account for the heterogeneity in the decision to adapt or not, and for unobservable characteristics of farmers and their farm. Access to credit, extension and information are found to be the main drivers behind adaptation. We find that adaptation increases food productivity, that the farm households that did not adapt would benefit the most from adaptation.
openalex: W2158209261 mag: 2158209261
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Does Adaptation to Climate Change Provide Food Security? A Micro‐Perspective from Ethiopia - Falco, Salvatore Di; Veronesi, Marcella; Yesuf, Mahmud (American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2011)
We examine the driving forces behind farm households’ decisions to adapt to climate change, and the impact of adaptation on farm households’ food productivity. We estimate a simultaneous equations model with endogenous switching to account for the heterogeneity in the decision to adapt or not, and for unobservable characteristics of farmers and their farm. Access to credit, extension and information are found to be the main drivers behind adaptation. We find that adaptation increases food productivity, that the farm households that did not adapt would benefit the most from adaptation.
openalex: W2158209261 mag: 2158209261
Keywords: openalex:import; openalex:yes

Education and Information and Communication Technologies in Papua New Guinea - Challenges for Development - Rena, Ravinder (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference, 2011)
openalex: W829959213 mag: 829959213
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A Mobile English Language Learning System (MELLS) for Namibian Teachers - Wilder, Hilary (Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference, 2011)
openalex: W2283435955 mag: 2283435955
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The prevalence of the known risk factors for teenage pregnancy amongst female teenage learners in Mount Ayliff, Eastern Cape, South Africa - Okafor, Sylvester (2011)
Background: Teenage pregnancy is a major health problem in South Africa. In Mount Ayliff hospital, Eastern Cape, teenage pregnancy accounts for about 15-20% of deliveries in maternity every month. Teenage pregnancy leads to disruption of education, unemployment, increased rate of STI/HIV infection, unsafe abortion, obstetrics complications and malnutrition amongst children. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of the known risk factors for teenage pregnancy. Methodology: This is a descriptive study. A sample of teenage learners was randomly selected from grade 10 to 12 learners in Mount Ayliff high school. Anonymous, self administered questionnaires containing relevant questions on contraceptive knowledge/use, family structure, sexual behaviour, alcohol use and sexual abuse were used to collect data. Result: A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed but only 219 completed questionnaires qualified for analysis. In total, 47% of the respondents have had sexual intercourse with the opposite sex and the mean age for first sexual intercourse is 16 years. 65.3% of the respondents have knowledge of contraceptives while 33.8% do not. Among those who have had sexual intercourse before, 68.9% did not use any contraceptive in their first intercourse. Of the sexually active respondents, only 16.3% reported using contraceptive consistently during intercourse. Majority of the respondents (45.2%), were raised up by a single mother and 76.3% do not discuss sex with their parents. The source of information about sex is mainly from friends and media. It was also found that most of the respondents live with parent(s) who are unemployed. A very small fraction of the respondents (7.3%) have been sexually abused and another 7.3% reported indulging in alcohol. Conclusion: Poor knowledge/use of birth control methods, family structure and sexual behaviour are the major risk factors for teenage pregnancy that are prevalent among teenage learners in Mount Ayliff community.
openalex: W67118467 mag: 67118467
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Petrogenesis of Cenozoic mafic–ultramafic alkaline lavas from the Tigris volcanic field, NE Syria - Abdel‐Rahman, Abdel‐Fattah M.; Lease, Nancy A. (Geological Magazine, 2011)
Abstract Mafic–ultramafic Quaternary lava flows form the Tigris volcanic field (covering 1750 km 2 ) at the northeastern tip of Syria and extend into Turkey. This volcanic field occurs between the Euphrates graben and the Bitlis–Zagros collision suture that forms the boundary between the Arabian and Eurasian plates. The rocks are made up of labradorite, clinopyroxene, olivine and opaque phases. The Tigris lavas are compositionally restricted to basanites and alkali basalts, having a narrow range of major element compositions (SiO 2 , 42.2–48.2 wt%; MgO, 5.7–9.0 wt%, with Mg numbers ranging from 0.51 to 0.62; TiO 2 , 1.7–3.2 wt%), and are alkaline in nature. The rocks are enriched in HFS elements such as Zr (119–231 ppm), Nb (14–43 ppm) and Y (17–22 ppm). The REE patterns are strongly fractionated ((La/Yb) N = 10.6), indicative of a garnet-bearing source. The 143 Nd/ 144 Nd isotopic compositions range from 0.512803 to 0.512908, and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr from 0.70327 to 0.70403 (ε Nd = 3.2–5.3) suggesting strong affinities to ocean island basalts. Modelling using a variety of mantle source materials and different degrees of partial melting indicates that the magma was produced by a small degree of batch partial melting (F = 1.5%) of a primitive, garnet-lherzolite fertile mantle source. The overall petrological/chemical nature supports this interpretation. Shear heating at the base of the lithospheric mantle of the northern boundary of the Arabian plate, caused by a change in plate motion as the Arabian plate moved in a more easterly direction during the Plio-Quaternary, could represent a possible source of the heat necessary for partial fusion and magma generation. Adiabatic decompression and melting represents a more likely process for the generation of the Tigris magma. Elemental ratios such as K/P (4.6), La/Ta (12), La/Nb (0.90), Nb/Y (1.22) and Th/Nb (0.09) indicate that the magma was subjected to minimal crustal contamination.
openalex: W2026624969 mag: 2026624969
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Evaluation of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking, domestic, and agricultural uses in the Banana Plain (Mbanga, Njombe, Penja) of the Cameroon Volcanic Line - Ako, Andrew Ako; Shimada, Jun; Hosono, Takahiro; Ichiyanagi, Kimpei; Nkeng, George Elambo; Fantong, Wilson Y.; Eyong, Gloria Eneke Takem; Roger, Ntankouo Njila (Environmental geochemistry and health, 2011)
openalex: W1972514904 mag: 1972514904
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Guiding and Counselling of Pupils in Kenyan Public Primary Schools - Njoka, Evangeline Wanjira (2011)
openalex: W2870342138 mag: 2870342138
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Difficulties in adaptation to climate change by farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria - Ozor, Nicholas (Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2011)
The impacts of global climate change on agricultural production and food security are serious source of worry to farmers in sub-Saharan Africa.This is because their economies mainly depend on agriculture which is now affected by climate change catastrophes.The paper examines why farmers find it difficult to adapt to climate change impacts.A multi-stage random sampling technique was used in selecting 120 farmers that participated in the study.Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analyzing data.Major results show that the most difficult challenges faced by farmers in adapting to climate change impacts in the State were: lack of improved agricultural technologies, low adaptive capacities, and unsustainable agricultural practices.Furthermore, a framework for climate change adaptation shows that a mix of agronomic best practices, technology and innovation development and institutional and policy reforms were proposed as capable of improving farmers' adaptation capacity to climate change.The paper concluded with the recommendation that farmers' adaptation capacities to climate change need to be urgently strengthened by extension service so as to sustain agricultural production and food security even in the event of climate change.
openalex: W2094832433 mag: 2094832433
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Training as a nexus for entrepreneurial emergence: An appraisal of OGEGEP trainees experience in Ogun State, Nigeria - Sotunde, Olalekan Anthony; Obasan, Kehinde A.; Salako, Mudashiru Abiodun; Oni, K A; Oduwole, R A (African Journal of Business Management, 2011)
The success, or otherwise, of any commercial venture is a function of many factors among which is training. A business would survive the initial challenges if it is able to maximize its core competences in order to assert its strengths, minimize its frailties and overcome its threats. Small scale enterprises have been identified as the drivers of economies in Sub-Sahara Africa. However, the rate at which small scale enterprises fail in Nigeria is alarming due to the fact that an average small scale business in Nigeria does not survive beyond the first five years of its establishment. A stratified sample of two hundred trainees of the Ogun State Employment Programme (OGEGEP) was taken out of the six hundred undergoing training to ascertain the role(s) of training in entrepreneurial emergence. The trainees were selected, based on the programmes they were being trained for. Data were collected from the respondents with the aid of a well structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency and percentage, while the hypothesis formulated was tested with correlation and t-test. The study reveals that there is a close correlation between training and entrepreneurial emergence, and that training is an important tool, which will help businesses grow. Key words: Training, entrepreneurial emergence, Ogun State Employment Programme trainees.
openalex: W2990524296 mag: 2990524296
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Farmer Field School (FFS) and Junior Farmer Field and Life School (JFFLS) as challenges to agricultural extension development and practice in Nigeria - Ajani, E. N.; Onwubuya, E A (Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2011)
This paper discusses Farmer Field School (FFS) and Junior Farmer Field and Life School (JFFLS) as challenges to agricultural extension development and practice in Nigeria. FFS and JFFLS are participatory extension approaches which emphasize participation of local people and their communities working in groups and building upon the traditional or indigenous knowledge that they have acquired. Discovery learning is emphasized on FFS and JFFLS approaches whereby participants learn by doing as well as discovering new ideas by themselves. The paper suggests the need for promotion of these approaches by national extension policy and donor agencies to ensure sustainability. It notes that these approaches which encourages qualitative rather than often used quantitative researches will reduce unrealistic and crooked formal research data and also challenge other methods of extension delivery for better discovery learning. It concludes that developing an appropriate framework for analysis and evaluation of these approaches will help to more accurately measure their effectiveness and impact on the lives of the participants and the society at large.
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Adapting the Advanced Cardiac Life Support for the Experienced Provider (ACLS-EP) course for emergency care education in Rwanda - Cayley, William E. (African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 2011)
The Advanced Cardiac Life Support for the Experienced Provider (ACLS-EP) course uses a case-based curriculum to teach emergency resuscitation principles to experienced health care professionals. This article describes the adaptation of the ACLS-EP curriculum to be used in a family medicine training programme in Rwanda, including lessons learned and recommendations for future use of this material for emergency care education in the African setting.
openalex: W2056244096 mag: 2056244096
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Curriculum Review: Reactions from Education Stakeholders in South-South States of Nigeria - Emeh, John U.; Isangadighi, Abang J.; Asuquo, P. N.; Agba, I. Kalu; Ogaboh, A. M. (2011)
This study examines reactions from educationstakeholders in South-South States of Nigeria on issues facing curriculum design and implementation especially at secondary school level. One hundred and fifty (150) participants (stakeholders) were purposefully sampled for the study. Qualitative technique was used to elicit information from participants. The qualitative method used was Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Participants were divided into six group comprising of 25 persons each. Group discussions were based on specific theme including curriculum contents, secondary and university education objectives, national needs of secondary and university education, teaching methods, curriculum practice/implementation and evaluation techniques. Information from participants revealed that the curriculum content, pedagogy, evaluation techniques among others in secondary schools are inadequate, unrealistic and should be reviewed. We recommended the urgent review of secondary school curriculum, proper funding of education and provision of school physical facilities as a panacea to eminent collapse of secondary education in Nigeria.
openalex: W1529675737 mag: 1529675737
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The Role of Parents in Early Childhood Education: A Case Study of Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria - Fagbeminiyi, Fasina F. (2011)
This research aims at providing solutions to role of parents in early childhood education in Nigeria. It will serve as an eye opener to parents and the society in helping to modify or re-adjust their mode of parental involvement towards achieving a better future for themselves and their children notwithstanding their busy schedules and in some cases, inadequacy of resources. A survey approach was used through self- administered questionnaires, and analysis was done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to test thehypotheses. Based on the findings of this work, parental involvement, that is emotional care and support has a very big influence on early childhood education, particularly the academic performance of the child. More so, it was observed that the extent of parental educational attainment has a significant influence on the age which the child is being sent to school. This implies that the extent or level of the parental educational attainment and exposure determines the age at which the child is being enrolled to school. It was also discovered that, the residential setting of the parents (respondents) has nothing to do with the educational performance of the child. On the whole, parental involvement is very essential in early childhood education and this helps to broaden the child’s horizon, enhance social relationships, and promote a sense of self-esteem and self-efficacy.
openalex: W2123674213 mag: 2123674213
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Great teaching hospitals of Africa: Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana - Michael, OS (Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine, 2011)
openalex: W2023489407 mag: 2023489407
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Causes of blindness and visual impairment at the school for the blind Owo, Nigeria - Omolase, CO; Aina, Akinsola Sunday; Omolase, BO; Omolade, Ericson Oluseyi (Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine, 2011)
This study was designed to determine the causes of blindness amongst the pupils of the School for the blind ,Owo and also identify treatable causes of blindness in the study population.This study was conducted between November and December,2007 at the School for the blind, Owo. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical Committee of Federal Medical Centre, Owo prior to carrying out this study. Sixty two pupils of the School for the blind and blind students in Owo High school were enrolled in this study. The subjects were interviewed and examined by the authors with the aid of WHO'S recording form for blindness and visual impairment in children. The data obtained with the study instrument was collated and analyzed with SPSS 12.0.1.MAJORITY OF THE SUBJECTS: 55 (88.7%) were blind while the remaining 7 (11.3%) had low vision. Lens ranked highest amongst the anatomical sites of visual loss accounting for 24.2%,followed by retina (14.5%),optic nerve (12.9%) and glaucoma (12.9%).The main aetiological factors were intrauterine (37.1%) and hereditary factors (21%). The commonest single diagnosis was cataract (21%) followed by glaucoma (12.9%). Twenty seven respondents (43.6%) had treatable causes of blindness.The lens ranked highest amongst the anatomical sites of blindness and visual impairment. The main aetiological factors were intrauterine and hereditary factors. The commonest single diagnosis was cataract. Less than half of the respondents had treatable causes of blindness and visual impairment.
openalex: W1988842194 mag: 1988842194
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Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation Among Farming Households of Southern Nigeria - Ozor, Nicholas; Madukwe, M. C.; Enete, A.A.; Amaechina, E. C.; Onokala, Patience Chinyelu (Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2011)
Climate change is perhaps the most serious environmental threat to the fight against hunger, malnutrition, disease and poverty in Africa, essentially because of its impact on agricultural productivity.The objective of this paper was to identify the major barriers to climate change adaptation among smallholder farmers of Southern Nigeria.The paper was based on primary data collected within the framework of the Development Partnership for Higher Education (DelPHE) Project from 360 farming households selected randomly from the region.The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis.The result of the analysis show that majority of the farmers were men (70%), relatively educated (average of 9 years in school) and practiced mixed farming (61%).The major factors constraining farmers from adapting to climate change impacts were -(a) land constraints which manifested itself in limited availability, high costs and poor ownership systems (tenure); (b) poor climate change information and agricultural extension service delivery; (c) high cost of farm inputs and processing facilities; (d) high cost of irrigation facilities and government irresponsiveness to climate change risk management, (e) credit constraints, (f) labour constraints, and (g) income constraints.The paper concludes with a recommendation that farmers need to be supported in order for them to effectively adapt to the climate change impacts that are already affecting their production and hence reduce hunger and poverty.These supports could come from governments, non-governmental organizations and even farmers' unions themselves.
openalex: W2166184775 mag: 2166184775
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When Deficits are Misplaced: A Comparison Between African American and White College Students on Qualitative and Structural Dimensions of Interpersonal Relationships - Pitner, Ronald O.; Scott, Lionel D.; DeLoach, Kendra P. (Journal of African American studies (New Brunswick, N.J.), 2011)
openalex: W1977167443 mag: 1977167443
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Last 5 students in Libya flown out - Rozanna, Latiff; Satiman, Jamin (2011)
openalex: W2248786496 mag: 2248786496
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Sexual practices of deaf and hearing secondary school students in Ibadan, Nigeria - Sangowawa, Adesola O; Owoaje, Eme; Faseru, Babalola; Ebong, IP; Adekunle, BJ (Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine, 2011)
Adolescents and young people with disabilities generally face various forms of discrimination. Inspite of this, they have to deal with similar reproductive health issues encountered by their abled peers. This situation is made worse by misconceptions that they are not sexually active.The objective was to compare the sexual practices of the hearing impaired students with their non-hearing impaired counterparts.A cross-sectional survey was conducted. All consenting deaf students and an equal number of hearing students attending a half way school in Ibadan participated. Four of the hearing students did not complete the survey and their responses were excluded from the final analysis.A total of 78 deaf students and 74 hearing students with mean ages of 17.1 (S.D. ± 3.0) and 15.8 (S.D. ± 1.9) years respectively participated. Twenty-six (33.3%) deaf and 36 (48.6%) hearing students had ever had sexual intercourse (p = 0.055). Median ages at sexual debut were 16 and 14 years for the deaf and hearing students respectively. The number of sexual partners ever had ranged from 1 to 8 among the deaf and 1 to 6 among the hearing students. Four (15.4%) deaf and 23 (63.9%) hearing students reported that they used a condom the last time they had sexual intercourse.The study revealed that hearing-impaired students like their hearing counterparts were sexually active however deaf students were more likely to engage in unsafe sex. There is therefore a pressing need for comprehensive sexuality education for deaf students in the study area.
openalex: W2060288698 mag: 2060288698
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Farmers’ Perception of the Effects of Climate Change and Coping Strategies in Three Agro-Ecological Zones of Nigeria - Tologbonse, E. B.; Auta, SJ; Bidoli, T D; Jaliya, M. M.; Onu, R. O.; Issa, Fadlullah Olayiwola (Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2011)
The study assessed farmers perception of the effects of climate change and coping strategies in three agro-ecological zones of Nigeria.Three agro-ecological zones namely Middle-Belt, North-Central and North-East were purposively selected and one LGA where NAERLS extension model village is located was purposively selected from each of the 3 agro-ecological zones.One village was randomly selected in addition to the NAERLS model village.Twenty five farmers were randomly selected from each village.One hundred and fifty ( 150) validated structured questionnaires were used to elicit information from respondents.Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.Farmers were fully aware of the effect of climate change and possible coping strategies such as the need for agricultural insurance, planting of drought and flood tolerant varieties and reduction of water loss through practices such as mulching and rearing of heat tolerant livestock.General perception was that climate change increases the rate of sickness/infection, reduces family income and that frequency of flood and that drought has increased.Chi-square analysis indicated a positive and significant relationship between perception of climate change and agro-ecology (X 2 =23.52; p<0.05), age(X 2 =5.98; p<0.05), educational level(X 2 =6.47; p<0.05), coping strategy(X 2 =23.29; p<0.05) and communities(X 2 =37.36; p<0.05).It was recommended that efforts should be geared towards developing and making available crop varieties and livestock breeds that are tolerant to adverse conditions associated to climate change such as diseases, flood, drought and temperature.A multi-media enlightenment campaign of the effects and possible coping strategies of climate change should be adopted by all tiers of government and NGOs to reach the farmers using available extension structure on ground.Also, farming communities can run local disaster risk committees to encourage local adaptation measures as survival tactics for the purpose of ensuring food security.
openalex: W2069118647 mag: 2069118647
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Public Issues Education and Extension Practice in Nigeria - Umar, BF (Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2011)
This paper advocates that public issues education (PIE) and conflict management are new societal concerns extension professionals in Nigeria should tackle.The paper believes that incorporating PIE into policy making will allow communities in Nigeria to use public-issue conflicts as an opportunity to collaboratively explore topics, better understand the issues, and consider alternative solutions.The paper provides an overview of the concept of PIE, the process of public policy education and how PIE helps communities involved in public-issue disputes to reach agreements.Furthermore, the paper identifies (1) roles extension professionals in Nigeria should play in PIE; (2) principles they should observe to successfully impart policy education; (3) ways for evaluating the success of PIE; and (4) institutional requirements for involvement of extension professionals in PIE in Nigeria.The paper concludes that involvement of extension professionals in PIE can only be possible when the institutional environment of extension agencies in the country gives it a worthy support.The extension professionals also will require training on the principles and process of PIE and the ability to practically apply skills so acquired for them to effectively impart public policy education.
openalex: W1990110406 mag: 1990110406
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A linguistic analysis of HIV/AIDS messages in Kenyan primary school textbooks - Kinuthia, Jane Wanjiku; Chai, Furaha; Yieke, Felicia A. (Egerton Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education, 2011)
openalex: W311262546 mag: 311262546
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Scope, relevance and challenges of financing higher education: The case of Tunisia - Abdessalem, Tahar (PROSPECTS, 2011)
openalex: W2089325945 mag: 2089325945
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Diet, nutritional status and school performance t among adolescents in Gaza Strip - Abudayya, Abdallah Hassan; Shi, Zumin; Abed, Yacine; Holmboe‐Ottesen, Gerd (Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2011)
The associations between dietary intake, nutritional status and school performance among 932 adolescents aged 12-15 years were examined in a cross-sectional survey in 2002 in north Gaza Strip. School performance was obtained from school records and height and weight were measured for body mass index (BMI). Self-administered questionnaires included sociodemographic characteristics and food frequency intakes. Adolescents consuming fruit and vegetables more than 3 times per week were more likely to have good school performance (72.6% versus 59.9%). When adjusting for sociodemographic variables and BMI, fruit and vegetables intake was positively associated with school performance (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.11-2.32) and stunting was negatively associated (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31-0.90). The findings support a broader implementation of school nutrition programmes.
openalex: W1886545781 mag: 1886545781
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Education and risky sex in Africa: Unraveling the link between women’s education and reproductive health behaviors in Kenya - Adamczyk, Amy; Greif, Meredith J. (Social Science Research, 2011)
Much research attention has been devoted to understanding the relationship between education and riskier sex-related behaviors and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. While in the early 1990s researchers found that increases in education were associated with a higher incidence of HIV/AIDS, this relationship appears to have reversed and better educated people, especially women, appear less likely to engage in riskier sex-related behaviors and have a lower incidence rate of HIV/AIDS. Our study begins to unravel the mechanisms that could explain why women’s educational attainment is associated with safer sex-related behaviors in sub-Saharan Africa. Using data from the 2003 Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey, we examine the potential mediating effects of HIV/AIDS knowledge, family planning discussions, gender empowerment, and husband’s education for explaining the relationship between education and age of first sex, casual sex, multiple sex partners, and condom use. We find that gender empowerment partially explains the relationship between education and age of first sex, and HIV/AIDS knowledge, husband’s education, and family planning discussions partially explain the relationship between education and condom use. We argue that gender inequality and lack of knowledge are likely to play a greater role in explaining the relationship between woman’s education and sex-related behaviors in sub-Saharan Africa than they do in more industrialized nations, where social capital explanations may have more explanatory power.
openalex: W1971032313 mag: 1971032313
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A conceptual framework for leadership development in the South African police service based on transformative learning theory - Adams, Tania Bernadette (2011)
openalex: W124202737 mag: 124202737
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Motionless Points in Chaos : Education Reforms, Innovations and the Challenges for Higher Education in Nigeria - Adamu, Abdalla Uba (2011)
Introduction The agenda of educational reform all over the world is premised on the assumption that such reform is good and that it leads to an improvement in educational practices and process and subsequently, produces better citizens. Yet history shows clearly the political and economic nature of the forces that lead to stampede in reforms. For instance, the massive curriculum reform movements in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s were based on a perceived lack of competition with the then Soviet Union which successfully launched the first artificial satellite in 1957. The triggered a wave of educational reforms, particularly in science, to ensure that the American secondary school student was equipped enough to take on the Soviets on the science and technology arena.
openalex: W268911277 mag: 268911277
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Climate Change Related Disasters and Vulnerability: An Appraisal of the Nigerian Policy Environment - Adebimpe, Raheem Usman (Environmental Research Journal, 2011)
openalex: W2314861515 mag: 2314861515
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Impact of locus of control, religiosity and exercise on depression in Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Leaders in Lagos State, Nigeria - Adekeye, Oluwatosin; Olisah, Victor Obiajulu (IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 2011)
The study assesses the combined effects of locus of control, religiosity, and physical exercise constructs on the global health outcome in depressed patients at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika, Zaria. A cross-sectional study design was used; fifteen (15) participants were purposively selected from diagnosed depressed patients attending follow up clinic at the department of Psychiatry, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Shika, Zaria.There is a positive relationship between all measures, religiosity and locus of control (.62), Becks depression inventory and locus of control (.92), Becks depression inventory and religiosity (.67). the mean BDI score dropped to 10.67 after treatment, a high internal LOC to 11.0 also after treatment and an increase in REL to 11.30 after treatment.
openalex: W2285695703 mag: 2285695703
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Teacher Education Programmes and the Acquisition of 21st Century Skills : Issues and Challenges in Nigeria - Adeosun, Oyenike (2011)
Teaching is a versatile field that requires at all times the correct identification of indices of developments in the society. This responsibility makes it imperative that teachers be an embodiment of a constant search for updated knowledge in various fields of life, i.e. latest information, skills and breakthroughs. A concern for teacher quality brought about an ongoing argument over what should constitute the significant portion of a teacher training programme the knowledge of what to teach or how to teach it? While there is yet be a conclusive end to the debate, Obanya (2004) noted that gone is the past where all that was required of a teacher was subject matter knowledge. This platitude is becoming more apparent for the 21 century where rapid technological development implies that knowledge is no longer a ‘once in a lifetime’ experience for the individual. It is rather an asset, which constantly has to be updated. The teacher therefore needs to be equipped with an acceptable standard of general studies of which ICT is paramount. Improving teacher education programmes then is a worldwide concern; with special focus on developing countries, since no education (country) can rise above the quality of its teachers (National Policy on Education, 2004).
openalex: W342687466 mag: 342687466
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AN EVALUATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF THE NIGERIA CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION (NCE) TEACHERS OF NATIONAL TEACHERS’ INSTITUTE DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMME - Adetayo, Janet Oyebola (2011)
A Thesis in the International Centre for Educational Evaluation (ICEE). Submitted to the Institute of Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN
openalex: W2990867227 mag: 2990867227
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Reader-Response Approach: An Intervention in Composition Writing at Junior Secondary Schools in Botswana - Adeyemi, Deborah Adeninhun (2011)
Recently, the reading-writing connection has come into focus as an area that can be exploited to address English as a second language (ESL) writing skills development. This is because various studies have identified ESL writing as being grossly inadequate both at the junior secondary, senior secondary and college levels in Botswana and elsewhere in Africa where English is learned as a second language (L2). Even in situations where English is taught as the first language (L1), the problem of writing persists. This paper discusses ESL composition teaching and learning issues by looking at the integration of reader-response based pedagogy with process writing as a way of improving the learning and teaching of composition writing skills at the junior secondary school level in Botswana. The paper also discusses the implications of this strategy in writing pedagogy and the procedure for its use in composition writing skills development.
openalex: W2154527627 mag: 2154527627
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Sources of Positive Stereotypes: Perspectives of Junior Secondary Students in Botswana - Adeyemi, Michael Bamidele (2011)
This paper focused on the positive stereotypes junior secondary school students have of nationalities outside Africa. In addition, the paper examined the sources of the positive stereotypes as perceived by the students while implications were drawn for teacher education. A sample of 105 students matched some positive stereotypes to some nationalities, using the Princeton Trilogy. According to the findings, ten nationalities appeared mostly when the positive attributes such as scientifically-minded, intelligent, industrious, efficient, sportsmanlike, democratic, straightforward, alert, pleasure-loving and patriotic were matched by the students with various nationalities from their perceptions. The sources of information of these positive stereotypes were attributed by the students to the Internet, stories, television programmes, textbooks, friends, newspapers, radio, teachers' interaction, and other minor sources in that order. Some implications were drawn from the findings for teaching and teacher education which included the effective teaching of decision making processes, diversity through multicultural education, and the globalization of the teacher education programmes across the world.
openalex: W2147310672 mag: 2147310672
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Temporomandibular joint ankylosis in a Nigerian teaching hospital. - Ajike, SO; Omisakin, OO (PubMed, 2011)
Twenty-six patients (12 males and 14 females) between two days and 41 years old with temporomandibular joint ankylosis were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-three joints were involved; 19 unilateral and six bilateral. The aetiologies were trauma, 69.2%; infection, 15.4%; unknown, 11.5% and congenital, 3.9. The majority, 31 were intracapsular while the remaining two joints were extracapsular 51.6% were limited to the condyle, 32.2% extended to the coronoid process and the zygomatic, 9.7% extended to the sigmoid notch while the remaining 6.5% had maxillomandibular fusion. Tracheostomy (48%) was the most common mode of intubation. Gap arthroplasty was carried out in 20 joints while 11 joints had interposition arthroplasty. Postoperative complications were seven anterior open bite, three facial nerve weakness, three infections and two recurrences.
openalex: W1918727625 mag: 1918727625
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Is Information Power? A Study of Voter Education Using Cell Phones in Mozambique (IGC Policy Brief) - Aker, Jenny C.; Collier, Paul; Vicente, Pedro C. (2011)
openalex: W2529506562 mag: 2529506562
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PLASMID PROFILING AND CURING ANALYSIS OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT NOSOCOMIAL BACTERIAL PATHOGENS FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES FROM UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL, BENIN CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIA - AKORTHA, E. E.; EGHAFONA, N. O.; TULA, M. Y. (2011)
One hundred and fifty nosocomial pathogens from 10 clinical sources from the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City were isolated and identified. Staphylococcus aureus (30%) was the most predominant, while Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter spp. and Streptococcus spp. were the least (0.7%). Their antibiotic resistance patterns were ascertained against 9 antibiotics. The isolates showed multiple resistance against 3 - 8 antibiotics. None was resistant to as few as 1 – 2 antibiotics. Resistance to cefuroxime (92.7%) was highest, and least to cefixime (34%). Curing experiment was carried out on all resistant isolates using 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate. Positive result was obtained in 149(99.3%) of the total isolates. Loss of antibiotic resistance marker was total in 7(4.7%) and variable in 142(94.6%). 1(0.7%) did not lose any resistance marker. These results were statistically significant (p< 0.05). Eighty five percent of strains cured of at least 50% of their resistant markers harboured plasmids. The plasmids ranging in molecular size from <0.56kb to >23.13kb were grouped into 12 plasmid profiles with the 23.13kb plasmid being the most common. The numbers of strains per plasmid profile group varied from 1-18.The acquisition of plasmids seem to have greatly contributed to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the bacterial population.
openalex: W4244770067
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Case-fatality of adult tetanus at Jimma University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. - Amare, Amanuel; Yami, Alemu (PubMed, 2011)
Tetanus remains a major health problem in Ethiopia like in most other developing countries.To assess the clinical presentation, complications and outcome of tetanus patients.In this retrospective study, patients (age > 13 years) who were admitted to Jimma University Teaching Hospital from 1996 to 2009 were included.Data from 171 patients were analyzed (129 males, 42 females, mean age 33 years). The mean hospital stay for patients discharged cured and deceased was 21.5 ± 12 and 6.5 ± 6.7 days, respectively. None of our patients was immunized for tetanus. Tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation (MV) was done in 10.5% and 11 %, respectively. The case-fatality was 38%. The mean annual admission and case-fatality increased over the study period from 9 to 20.5 and from 21 % to 51%, respectively. Establishment of intensive care unit (ICU) did not improve mortality due to infrequent tracheostomy and MV.The case-fatality was high like in most other studies and the majority of patients died in the first few days indicating that adequate respiratory support was not given. Establishment of ICU did not improve mortality. Tetanus can be prevented by vaccination and if it occurs it needs well equipped ICU.
openalex: W1486470138 mag: 1486470138
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Smoking and drinking habits and attitudes to smoking cessation counselling among Tanzanian dental students. - Amemori, Masamitsu; Eg, Mumghamba; Ruotoistenmäki, J; Murtomaa, Heikki (Community Dental Health, 2011)
UNLABELLED The present research was carried out at the School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania. OBJECTIVE To assess smoking and drinking habits as well as attitudes towards smoking cessation counselling among dental students in Tanzania. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN A 28-item pretested and self-administered questionnaire was delivered to all dental students enrolled at the end of the 2006 academic year. The questionnaire covered socio-demographics, smoking and drinking habits, knowledge concerning health effects and attitudes towards smoking cessation counselling. PARTICIPANTS Dental students enrolled at the end of the 2005/2006 academic year in the School of Dentistry, University of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported smoking, alcohol use and attitudes to smoking cessation counselling. RESULTS The response rate was 73.2% (109/149) and 76.1% of respondents were male. Smoking was reported by 12.8%, all being male. Alcohol use during the last 30 days was reported by 23.8% and binge drinking during the last two weeks by 11.8%. Both smoking and alcohol use were more common among clinical than basic science students. The majority (67.0%) reported that they had not received education on smoking cessation counselling although 86.2% considered that dentists and physicians should provide such counselling. CONCLUSION Reported smoking and alcohol consumption are on a low level compared to dental students internationally. Willingness and need for cessation counselling training was expressed by the majority of Tanzanian dental students. This should be taken into consideration in dental curriculum development.
openalex: W189232801 mag: 189232801
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THE SIERRA LEONE TEACHERS UNION: LABOR IN A POST‐CONFLICT SOCIETY - Amman, John; O’Donnell, James M. (WorkingUSA, 2011)
The Sierra Leone Teachers Union (SLTU) has long played an important role in the country's education system and its labor movement. With more than 30,000 members, the SLTU is the largest and perhaps the most powerful union in Sierra Leone today. Nonetheless, the union struggles with challenges unheard of in developed countries. It represents teachers in an education system that was ravished by its eleven‐year civil war (1991 to 2002). Not only are working conditions extremely difficult for teachers (classroom overcrowding, lack of educational materials, low pay, and often late pay), the union must negotiate union agreements with the Ministry of Education, which itself has no direct influence on the nation's coffers. Sierra Leone's Ministry of Finance and more importantly, the International Monetary Fund set policies that directly impact the quality of Sierra Leone's education system and its teachers.
openalex: W1588856161 mag: 1588856161
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Quality Basic Education in Ghana : Prescription, practice and problems - Ampiah, Joseph Ghartey (2011)
openalex: W1852043088 mag: 1852043088
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Stress among Mansoura (Egypt) baccalaureate nursing students - Amr, Mostafa; El‐Gilany, Abdel‐Hady; El-Moafee, Hanan; Jimenez, Lamea Salama Cristobal (DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2011)
openalex: W4382298698
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Developing Quality Teacher Professionals : A Reflective Inquiry on the Practices and Challenges in Tanzania - Anangisye, William A. L. (2011)
Quality professional development is indisputably central to building, improving and sustaining the quality of teacher professionals. Focusing on experiences in Tanzania, this paper reflects on the practices and challenges of developing quality professionals in a developing country. The paper examines the trend and efforts of building and developing quality teacher professionals across time, from the colonial epoch to the post-independence era. Considering that teachers in whatever capacity, irrespective of their geographical location, are lifelong learners, the paper discusses the possible challenges and/or impediments inherent in the development of quality teacher professionals. The paper argues that developing quality education is a responsibility developing countries must shoulder to meet the demands of the global village where teacher professional development is indispensable and inescapable.
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Parity and maternal education are associated with low birth weight in Malawi. - As, Muula; Siziya, Seter; Rudatsikira, Emmanuel (PubMed, 2011)
The consequences of low birth weight (LBW) include death and long-term health sequelae. Limited attention has been made towards the study of socio-demographic factors that may be associated with LBW in Malawi.To assess factors that may be associated with LBW.We used secondary data on the 2006 Malawi Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). Logistic regression analyses were conducted.A total of 26,259 females in the age group 15-49 years participated in the survey, and of these, 5024 had children who were reported to have been weighed at birth. Most (60.5%) of the respondents were in the 20-29 years age group. In multivariate analysis, the odds of LBW delivery were lower for women in higher wealth quintiles and those who had some education. Women who previously had a child were less likely to deliver a LBW baby.The higher odds of delivering a LBW baby among women with no education, and lower wealth status may suggest that there is need to tailor pre-natal care based interventions on social status. This may involve creating education level-specific health messages.
openalex: W1512204288 mag: 1512204288
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Multilingual education policy in practice: classroom literacy instruction in different scripts in Eritrea - Asfaha, Yonas Mesfun; Kroon, Sjaak (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2011)
This contribution compares literacy instruction in three different scripts in Eritrea. It uses data stemming from classroom observations of beginning readers of Tigrinya (Ge’ez script), Arabic (Arabic script) and Saho (Roman alphabet), the examination of teaching materials, and teacher interviews. Our analysis focuses on literacy events. We examine and compare the introduction of the written code in classrooms in the context of a single national curriculum and a national language policy that gives equal rights to all the languages involved. The practices that we observed in this study involved concentrated effort on teaching the children how to learn the letters of the specific orthography. In mostly phonics based lessons, teachers used chanting, games, reciting letters or syllable symbols and repeated exercises in the writing of letters that emphasized graphic form. These instructional practices differed for each language and were deeply embedded in the languages’ historical and cultural context.
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Socio-Economic Implications of Private Participation in the Provision of University Education in Nigeria - Ayodele, Joseph Babatola (Literacy information and computer education journal, 2011)
This paper examines the socio-economic implications of private participation in the provision of university education in Nigeria.This is with a view to providing information that will guide the Nigerian government on its public-private partnership (PPP) policy as it affects the education enterprise.The study was descriptive and carried out Ex-post-Facto.Data was collected from randomly selected university students on the income level of their parents and their expenditure at school per session.Findings from data analysis showed that students spend more in state universities than in federal universities.In addition, students spend more in private universities than in public universities.Findings also showed that parents of students in pubic universities earn relatively less income but pay relatively more for university education.In view of the implications of these findings, it is recommended that the Nigerian government should establish a contributory Education Savings Scheme in addition to a functional Education Loans Scheme.Special Scholarship schemes should also be introduced for indigent but brilliant university students.The Nigerian government should also formulate and implement people-oriented policies that will reduce widespread poverty.Selective-user charges should also be introduced to make the wealthy pay more for university education.
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Memory impairments and its interaction with environmental factors in children aged 6 to 8 years living in gharb plain (N-w of Morocco) - Azzaoui, Fatima-Zahra; Hami, Hinde; Ahami, Ahmed Omar Touhami (European psychiatry, 2011)
Introduction The “Gharb” plain (area of our study) localized in the North-West of Morocco is one of the most important agricultural and industrial regions of the Kingdom. Unfortunately, it suffered from the increase of different polluting human activities which expose the population, especially children, to serious neurobehavioral problems. Objective and aims Evaluation of the short term memory and working memory in urban, periurban and rural schooled children (aged 6 to 8 years) living in Gharb plain and studying the relationship between the performance in this test and the quality of environment. Methods Memory Sub-test of WISC III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and questionnaire about some environmental conditions. Results The obtained results had shown that 3,64% periurban children and 3,03% rural children suffer from short memory impairments and no impairments in urban children were registered. For working memory, 21,05%, 47,06% and 66,67% of impairments were found in urban, periurban and rural children respectively.Moreover, a significant correlations between the performances of short term memory and building materials (p < 0.05), source of pollution near the school (p < 0.05), and consumption of well water (p < 0.001) were registered. Conclusions The memory impairments recorded in these children appeared in connection with environmental factors, but a deeper investigation is needed for studying all these factors, in addition to others (psychological, socio-economical, and nutritional) ones.
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Impact of training and equipment for neonatal resuscitation in Zambia - Bainbridge, J. M. (British journal of midwifery, 2011)
British Journal of MidwiferyVol. 19, No. 3 InternationalImpact of training and equipment for neonatal resuscitation in ZambiaTeaching traditional birth attendants techniques for neonatal resuscitation led to a net reduction of 18 deaths per 1000 live births in rural Zambia—a reduction of almost 50%.Jane BainbridgeJane BainbridgeSearch for more papers by this authorJane BainbridgePublished Online:16 Aug 2013https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2011.19.3.191AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 1 March 2011Volume 19Issue 3ISSN (print): 0969-4900ISSN (online): 2052-4307 Metrics History Published online 16 August 2013 Published in print 1 March 2011 Information© MA Healthcare LimitedPDF download
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Assessment reform in South Africa: opening up or closing spaces for teachers? - Bansilal, Sarah (Educational Studies in Mathematics, 2011)
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Teaching science in Algeria: pedagogical shortfalls and conflicts of meaning - Belhandouz, Halima (Journal of North African Studies, 2011)
This study explores the issues of teaching science in Algeria (with a particular focus on medical studies) in a post-colonial context that carries the historical marks of a certain number of discontinuities within political, institutional, social, educational and cognitive spheres. These last two dimensions receive particular attention with regard to their repercussions within the construction of professional and social identities among Algerian students of medicine. Underpinning this work, implemented through questionnaires and interviews, is the hypothesis that there might be pedagogical shortcomings in the way in which two world-views and the medical discipline relate. The first world-view, predominantly presented in Arabic via the school system in the primary and secondary cycles, is characterised by a Manichean view of the world: heaven/earth, hell/paradise, good/evil and allowed/forbidden. The second, taught in universities in French language without pedagogical preparation, is that of relativism and evolutionism. The results of the study demonstrate the confusion and the referential hiatus present in areas of knowledge proposed in each language, and the existential and social functionality that is attributed to each: Arabic, considered to reflect local values and culture, while French, used in fragmented manner, is instrumental and consumerist.
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The perception of career barriers among South African university students - Bester, Jonell (2011)
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Access and equity in financing higher education: The case of Morocco - Bougroum, Mohammed; Ibourk, Aomar (PROSPECTS, 2011)
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Attaining quality education in Mauritius at secondary level : a case study of the Zone 2 (state secondary) schools from the educator’s perspective - Burrun, Shanita (2011)
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THE IMPACT OF COLLEGE ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION ON ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES AND INTENTION TO START A BUSINESS IN UGANDA - Byabashaija, Warren; Katono, Isaac Wasswa (Journal of developmental entrepreneurship, 2011)
This paper reports results of a longitudinal quasi-experimental study that focused on the impact of entrepreneurial education and societal subjective norms on entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions of university students in Uganda to start a business. Data were collected in two waves: wave one before the entrepreneurship course and wave two after the entrepreneurship course — four months later. The sample composed of college students. Analyses included tests of significance of changes in the attitudes and intentions of students after the entrepreneurship course, the mediating role of attitudes and moderating role of employment expectations. The results show small but significant changes in attitudes and a significant mediating role of attitudes — perceived feasibility, perceived desirability and self-efficacy, but non-significant moderating influence of employment expectations. The findings offer lessons for policy makers and more questions for researchers.
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Modes of participation and conceptions of children in South African education - Carrim, Nazir (Perspectives in Education, 2011)
For school-aged children, schools comprise a major space of participation. Formally, it is a participatory space constituted and regulated by the laws and policies that govern schooling; informally, it is a participatory space whose affordances and patterns of inclusion / exclusion are shaped by children's diverse lives and experiences. This article examines modes of participation in relation to conceptions of children in the South African Schools Act of 1996 and South African curriculum policy, with particular attention to the images of children, their participatory opportunities and their implied participatory agency in the domains of school governance and pedagogy. Policy and related discourse in both domains, it is argued, implicitly homogenise children by portraying them as learners. At the same time, there is an inconsistency between the images of children and their participatory agency at the level of school governance and at the levels of curriculum and pedagogy. Drawing on empirical data that indicates the significant impact of social conditions on children's participation in pedagogical spaces and their schooling more generally, the article makes a case for recognising difference. Furthermore, the article contributes to a growing critical literature on children's participation by examining connections and disconnections between official constructions of participatory space and the diverse life-worlds of children in South Africa.
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Third-year students' preceptions of the use of ICT at a teacher training college in Namibia - Chainda, Allen Mukelabai (2011)
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Continuous Teacher Professional Development : The Ethiopian context - Chalchisa, Desalegn (2011)
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Country Ownership, Stakeholder Participation and the Political Economy of Priority-Setting in the Mozambique Pilot Program for Climate Resilience - Chambote, Raul; Shankland, Alex (2011)
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EFFECTS OF SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS MASTERY LEARNING APPROACH ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT AND ACQUISITION OF SELECTED CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL SKILLS IN KOIBATEK DISTRICT SCHOOLS, KENYA - Chebii, Roselyn (2011)
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Presentation Title : Improving Quality in Basic Education in Niger : Initiatives, Implementation and Challenges - Chekaraou, Ibro (2011)
In 2003, the government of the Republic of Niger put into law a ten-year plan for the development of education (referred to as PDDE from the French Programme Decennal pour le Developpement de l’Education) in order to improve access to schooling, quality in instruction and learning as well as capacity development in schools by the year 2013 (MEBA, 2003). This ten-year plan emerged from the 1998 Education Policy known as the Nigerien Education System Reform Law (referred to as LOSEN from the French Loi d’Orientation du Systeme Educatif Nigerien), which aimed at reforming the entire educational system. The PDDE constitutes in itself a national strategy for poverty reduction and accelerated growth as mandated by resolutions of the Dakar 2000 World Summit for Education for All (EFA) that the government of Niger signed (MEN, 2008c). Four years after the implementation of measures to improve the first two of the PDDE components (i.e., access and quality), a 2007 evaluation revealed that quality, as opposed to access, had improved to a much lesser scale. For this reason, the most recent government education initiatives have focused on the development of quality in basic education. These initiatives are based on three interrelated components including:
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Education in Kenya: Contemporary Situation and New Tendencies at the Beginning of the XXI Century - Chepkirui, Rotich Gladys; Чепкируи, Ротич Гладис (DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2011)
The article considers the present situation on the different educational levels in Kenya. Despite of the government efforts one could hardly mark visual successes. The author considers traditional means to be the best in improving the quality of education.
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When the African-Centered Paradigm Is Not Enough: Lessons from an Urban Charter School. - Clarkson, Lesa M. Covington; Johnstone, Jerika R. (2011)
This article reflects on processes and characteristics that had a positive impact on improving mathematics achievement at an African-centered charter school. In doing so, an exploratory look into organizational culture provides the basis for a discussion on African-centered school culture. African-centered education played a major role in providing a strong foundation for superior mathematics achievement among African American students. While school culture is argued to be a critical element to successful mathematics curriculum reform, it is argued that communities of practice are critical to making curriculum successful. The article concludes with a discussion of strategies and components to effective math instruction and achievement for African American children. Keywords: mathematics achievement, African-centered education, teacher development, school leadership INTRODUCTION Marshall Elementary School (MES) (pseudonym) is an urban charter school that originated in the home of its founders as a preschool. It later developed into a private elementary school for several years before becoming a public charter school. The founders decided that as a charter school, they would be better able to serve a more socio-economically diverse group of students. What distinguishes MES from other schools in its midwestern setting is its African-centered philosophy. The seven principles of Kwanzaa, otherwise known as the Nguzo Saba, are the foundation for which each student's academic, social, and moral development is based. These seven principles include: kujichagulia (self-determination), umoja (unity), nia (purpose), imani (faith), ujamaa (cooperative economics), kuumba (creativity), and ujima (collective work and responsibility) as well as the school's addition of two principles, busara (common sense) and murua (respect). The Nguzo Saba principles at MES are the driving force of the African-centered teaching and learning paradigm. This article reflects on systematic processes within a rich cultural environment that contributed to mathematical improvement in an urban charter school. What makes this treatise unique is that it reveals a perspective that is often esoteric in educational research. Written by a visiting researcher and educator who identified a failing mathematics program, the research reveals what occurred that led to a major turnaround in academic achievement. Over the course of 18 months, the authors experienced a major curriculum transformation and adopted a naturalistic research approach (Lincoln & Guba, 1985) to chronicle the change. As naturalistic researchers the authors studied educators and learners within the school setting and then analyzed what was observed with both qualitative and quantitative measures. This article conveys the intricacies of a fundamental change within an urban charter school. The research began at the conclusion of one academic year when the new curriculum, Everyday Mathematics (University of Chicago Mathematics Project, 2002) was introduced. The research extended over the course of the summer when brief educator development sessions occurred and continued over the course of the following academic year when practice and implementation of the new curriculum took place. Over the course of 18 months the authors engaged in participant observation during periodic curriculum trainings, monthly school-wide meetings, weekly grade-level meetings, and daily classroom instruction. Classroom observations ranged from brief unscheduled drop-ins to extended and scheduled protocols. While drop-ins were continuous, each classroom was formally observed at least two to three times. Notes were taken on what educators, learners, and researchers were experiencing. Because the researchers also lived the experience, data were collected continuously as the opportunities unfolded. Informal interviews occurred before or after observations or during grade-level meetings. From photographs of first graders building numbers with base ten blocks to examples of student work of non-standard algorithms, a wealth of unique artifacts were gathered over the course of the study. …
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School-Based Racial and Gender Discrimination among African American Adolescents: Exploring Gender Variation in Frequency and Implications for Adjustment - Cogburn, Courtney D.; Chavous, Tabbye M.; Griffin, Tiffany M. (Race and Social Problems, 2011)
The present study examined school-based racial and gender discrimination experiences among African American adolescents in Grade 8 (n = 204 girls; n = 209 boys). A primary goal was exploring gender variation in frequency of both types of discrimination and associations of discrimination with academic and psychological functioning among girls and boys. Girls and boys did not vary in reported racial discrimination frequency, but boys reported more gender discrimination experiences. Multiple regression analyses within gender groups indicated that among girls and boys, racial discrimination and gender discrimination predicted higher depressive symptoms and school importance and racial discrimination predicted self-esteem. Racial and gender discrimination were also negatively associated with grade point average among boys but were not significantly associated in girls’ analyses. Significant gender discrimination X racial discrimination interactions resulted in the girls’ models predicting psychological outcomes and in boys’ models predicting academic achievement. Taken together, findings suggest the importance of considering gender- and race-related experiences in understanding academic and psychological adjustment among African American adolescents.
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Exploring the Culture of Reading Among Primary School Teachers in Botswana - Commeyras, Michelle; Mazile, Bontshetse (The Reading Teacher, 2011)
In Botswana, it is common to hear the lament that there is no culture of reading. We aim to contribute to the development of more specific understanding of a culture of reading by reporting on information gathered from teachers who attended workshops we offered titled “Teachers as Readers AND Readers as Teachers: Creating Young Readers and Writers.” Eighty‐six teachers answered questions about their reading habits, attitudes, and perceptions of students' reading. We learned that teachers differed with regard to what they read and how often they choose reading over other activities. We propose what culture of reading was found among the teachers and what needs to be done to learn more about reading in Botswana.
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Counting the uncounted: African American students in Reading Recovery - Compton‐Lilly, Catherine (Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 2011)
This article examines Reading Recovery as a microcosm for issues related to race and access. Tenets of critical race theory are presented to explore how racial biases are systemic in our ways of being, teaching, and conducting research. Specifically, I present data for African American children involved in Reading Recovery in one Midwestern American city and explore contextual factors and policies related to both Reading Recovery and the sociopolitical context in which children live that affect their ability to benefit from the program. The article ends with a set of conclusions related to how well African American children are served by Reading Recovery.
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Earthquake distribution patterns in Africa: their relationship to variations in lithospheric and geological structure, and their rheological implications - Craig, T. J.; Jackson, J. A.; Priestley, Keith; McKenzie, Dan (Geophysical Journal International, 2011)
We use teleseismic waveform inversion, along with depth phase analysis, to constrain the centroid depths and source parameters of large African earthquakes. The majority of seismic activity is concentrated along the East African Rift System, with additional active regions along stretches of the continental margins in north and east Africa, and in the Congo Basin. We examine variations in the seismogenic thickness across Africa, based on a total of 227 well-determined earthquake depths, 112 of which are new to this study. Seismogenic thickness varies in correspondence with lithospheric thickness, as determined from surface wave tomography, with regions of thick lithosphere being associated with seismogenic thicknesses of up to 40 km. In regions of thin lithosphere, the seismogenic thickness is typically limited to ≤20 km. Larger seismogenic thicknesses also correlate with regions that have dominant tectonothermal ages of ≥1500 Ma, where the East African Rift passes around the Archean cratons of Africa, through the older Proterozoic mobile belts. These correlations are likely to be related to the production, affected by method and age of basement formation, and preservation, affected by lithospheric thickness, of a strong, anhydrous lower crust. The Congo Basin contains the only compressional earthquakes in the continental interior. Simple modelling of the forces induced by convective support of the African plate, based on long-wavelength free-air gravity anomalies, indicates that epeirogenic effects are sufficient to account for the localization and occurrence of both extensional and compressional deformation in Africa. Seismicity along the margins of Africa reflects a mixture between oceanic and continental seismogenic characteristics, with earthquakes in places extending to 40 km depth.
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Exploring a Sufi Tradition of Islamic Teaching: Educational and Cultural Values Among the Sy Tijāniyya of Tivaouane (Senegal) - Diallo, El Hadji Samba Amadou (Social Compass, 2011)
The author examines the philosophy and practice of Muslim education in the tradition of the Sy family of Tivaouane (Senegal). The focus is on formal educational institutions such as the dahira, or Sufi circles of worship, and the daara, Kur’anic school, which play a major role in the system of education pioneered by the Sy branch of the Tijāniyya. He also examines a third institution, khalifa, or spiritual authority, which continues to play a central role in the Muslim brotherhoods as transmitter of the teachings of the Shaykh. The author shows how these three institutions work together and constantly reshape Sy Tijāniyya (Syèen si in Wolof), how changes in Senegalese society influence and transform the branch, and how the continuous development of neo-Sufi organizations increases the importance of Tijāniyya in a globalized world.
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Training Program for Birth Attendants Reduces Neonatal and Perinatal Mortality in Zambian Clinics - Doskoch, P. (International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2011)
A birth attendant training program that has been shown in a multinational trial to reduce stillbirth and perinatal mortality rates among neonates weighing at least 1.5 kilograms–most of them born outside of hospitals–also reduced mortality among infants of all weights born in Zambian clinics, a related study revealed. (1) Following implementation of the program, the rates of seven-day neonatal mortality (deaths during the first week of life) and perinatal mortality (seven-day neonatal deaths plus stillbirths) declined by about a third. However, a new analysis from the original multinational trial revealed that the intervention did not yield the same benefits for the small subgroup of very low birth weight infants. (2) The major causes of death during the first seven days of life are asphyxia, low birth weight, prematurity and infections. To help prevent such deaths, the World Health Organization created the Essential Newborn Care course, which improves birth attendants' ability to provide evidence-based newborn care. Researchers tested the program, in conjunction with the American Academy of Pediatrics' Neonatal Resuscitation Program, in a train-the-trainer trial involving a total of 96 rural communities in Argentina, Democratic Re public of the Congo. Guatemala, India, Pakistan and Zambia. The two programs were introduced sequentially. In each country, after baseline data on birth outcomes had been collected, the Essential Newborn Care program was implemented and outcome data were collected for 4-9 months. Next, the Neonatal Resuscitation Program was initiated (except in Argentina), and outcome data were collected for 12 months. The year of implementation varied by country, data were collected for the first program in 2005-2007, and the second in 2006-2008. At each study site, two master completed the two programs and were trained in all study procedures. These trainers then trained a community coordinator, who in turn trained the community's birth attendants. The courses included material on cleanliness, neonatal care, initiation of breathing and resuscitation, prevention of hypothermia, breast-feeding, infant care and recognition of complications. The birth attendants taught relevant material to the mothers alter delivery and collected data on neonatal outcomes at delivery and at seven days. To reduce bias, baseline data were collected after the birth attendants had been trained but before the intervention was implemented. The investigators hypothesized that the intervention would reduce rates of all-cause seven-day neonatal mortality; secondary outcomes included rates of stillbirth, perinatal mortality and death due to birth asphyxia (failure to begin or continue breathing at birth). The study used an intent-to-treat design in which all births in a community were included, regardless of whether a trained attendant was present. According to a prior analysis, rates of stillbirth declined among infants weighing at least 1 .5 kilograms following introduction of the Essential Newborn Care program. Rates of perinatal mortality also declined, although only among infants delivered by an attendant; no change occurred in rates of all-cause neonatal death during the first seven days, and no further benefits were detected after introduction of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program. In current analysis, the investigators examined outcomes among the 1,096 very low birth weight infants (
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Nigerian dental students' compliance with the 4As approach to tobacco cessation. - Ehizele, AO; Azodo, CC; Ezeja, EB; Ehigiator, O (PubMed, 2011)
To assess the Nigerian dental students' present effort at tobacco cessation assistance using the simple stepwise 4As model.A cross-sectional survey of all the final level dental students in the Nigerian premier dental schools was carried out using a pretested self administered questionnaire.The response rate was 98.9%. Majority (95.6%) of the respondents routinely take history of tobacco use. A total of 93.9% of the respondents routinely advice patient who smoke to quit but only 46.1% actually counsel patient on how to quit. Six-tenth of the respondents knew about nicotine replacement therapy but only 36.1% knew the role antidepressant therapy in tobacco cessation. Majority (87.2%) want cigarette sales to adolescents banned, 73.9% want adverts of cigarettes prohibited, 81.1% want cigarette smoking banned in public areas and only 2.8% will permit smoking in a dental office.The survey revealed deficiency in compliance to the 4As approach to tobacco cessation among Nigerian dental students. The incorporation of proper tobacco counseling cessation protocol, with emphasis on the pharmacological therapy, into the dental curriculum is therefore desirable. Dental professionals at all levels should be involved effectively with tobacco cessation to significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality of tobacco use.
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Droppin’ Science and Dropping Science: African American Males and Urban Science Education - Emdin, Christopher (Journal of African American Males in Education (JAAME), 2011)
This paper explores components of urban science education that are underemphasized in contemporary research in the field of study and widely considered necessary for improving the experiences of African-American males in science. It explores the current state of urban science education through critical reflection from the standpoint of an African-American male student and teacher and calls for the use of appropriate theoretical frameworks for constructing meaning of the African American male experience in urban schools. Finally, through a broad description of a research study in urban science classrooms, the paper provides insight into future research that considers the frameworks prescribed and described in the paper. I vividly remember sitting in a biology class in what was described as a “specialized
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The experience of Egyptian male student nurses during attending maternity nursing clinical course - Eswi, Abeer; Sayed, Yousria El (Nurse Education in Practice, 2011)
The aim of this study was to explore the learning experience of Egyptian male student nurses during attending maternity nursing clinical course at Cairo University Maternity Hospital. A descriptive design was utilized for collecting the data that are necessary to answer the research question; both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a semi- structured interview scale. A total of 60 students who just finished the clinic maternity course in college of Nursing, Cairo University were recruited for the study. More than half of the sample (66.7%) preferred to deal with males rather than female patients. A number of stressors were reported by students during their clinical training such as: high requirement pertained to clinical area training (55%); unfavorable attitude of the clinical instructors (11%); and refusal of women to receive care by a male student nurse (34%). The most embarrassing procedures for the students were: abdominal examination, breast examination and perineal care. The most interesting procedures were assessment of the newborn, attending cesarean section and providing mother classes for mother in both antenatal clinic and postpartum unit, 53% of the students reported that the women were dealing with them with restrictions, while (25%) reported that women refused to deal with them during labor, 50% described their experience in maternity nursing clinical course as useful, while (18%) described it as interesting and (39%) described it as very embarrassing for male student nurses. Among the suggestions made by students to modify their clinical experience were: 1) substituting clinical training by the skill lab for male students and also adding clinical experience in andrology that refers to the medical specialty that deals with male health, particularly relating to the problems of the male reproductive system and urological problems (76%); 2) teaming with a female student during the clinical area (50%). Based on the study findings, re-planning of some of the clinical rotations of Maternity Nursing to include substitute clinical experience for the male student should be considered. Furthermore, developing strategies to change male student’s attitude toward child- bearing experience and fatherhood is crucial. Finally, male students should be oriented to and encouraged to identify with role model of male obstetricians.
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Adequacy, efficiency and equity of higher education financing: The case of Egypt - Fahim, Yasmine; Sami, Noha (PROSPECTS, 2011)
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ON ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND RISK EXPOSURE IN THE NILE BASIN OF ETHIOPIA - Falco, Salvatore Di; Veronesi, Marcella (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2011)
This study investigates the impact of climate change adaptation on farm households’ downside risk exposure (e.g., risk of crop failure) in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. The analysis relies on a moment-based specification of the stochastic production function. We estimate a simultaneous equations model with endogenous switching to account for the heterogeneity in the decision to adapt or not, and for unobservable characteristics of farmers and their farm. We find that (i) climate change adaptation reduces downside risk exposure; farm households that implemented climate change adaptation strategies get benefits in terms of a decrease in the risk of crop failure; (ii) farm households that did not adapt would benefit the most in terms of reduction in downside risk exposure from adaptation; and (iii) there are significant differences in downside risk exposure between farm households that did and those that did not adapt to climate change. The analysis also shows that the quasi-option value, that is the value of waiting to gather more information, plays a significant role in farm households’ decision on whether to adapt to climate change. Farmers that are better informed may value less the option to wait to adapt, and so are more likely to adapt than other farmers.
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Mode of Admission of Education Undergraduates and Their Academic Performance in a Nigerian University - Felix, M.E. Okpilike (Pakistan journal of social sciences, 2011)
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Keywords: openalex:import

Happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment of support staff at a tertiary education institution in South Africa - Field, Lyndsay K.; Buitendach, Johanna H. (Sa Journal of Industrial Psychology, 2011)
Orientation: Support staff members play a vital role in tertiary education institutions. With this in mind, the institutions must address their particular needs. In the context of positive psychology, issues of happiness and work engagement could lead to increased positive organisational outcomes like the commitment of support staff.Research purpose: The purpose of the research was to determine the relationship between happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment and to determine whether happiness and work engagement hold predictive value for the organisational commitment of support staff.Motivation for the study: This study aims to enable the identification of a link between happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment and to identify a predictive value of the model.Research design, approach and method: The researchers used a cross-sectional survey design. They used a sample of 123 (N = 123) support staff members from a tertiary education institution in South Africa. The researchers used four demographic questionnaires for the research. These were the ‘Satisfaction with Life Scale’ (SWLS), the ‘Well-Being Questionnaire’ (WBQ), the ‘Utrecht Work Engagement Scale’ (UWES) and the ‘Organisational Commitment Questionnaire’ (OCQ).Main findings: The researchers found a significant positive relationship between affective organisational commitment and work engagement, as well as between affective organisational commitment and happiness (as the SWLS and WBQ measure). They found a significant positive relationship between work engagement and happiness. Finally, the results showed that happiness and work engagement have predictive value for affective organisational commitment.Practical/managerial implications: Happiness and work engagement have predictive value for affective organisational commitment. Therefore, institutions should carefully tailor any implementation programme or initiative to address this relationship.Contribution/value-add: The findings will benefit both managers and workers. Institutions should consider evaluating the levels of happiness and work engagement of their support staff to address the issue of the organisational commitment of their employees.
openalex: W2014663290 mag: 2014663290
Keywords: openalex:import

Happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment of support staff at a tertiary education institution in South Africa : original research - Field, Lyndsay K.; Buitendach, Johanna H. (2011)
Orientation: Support staff members play a vital role in tertiary education institutions. With this in mind, the institutions must address their particular needs. In the context of positive psychology, issues of happiness and work engagement could lead to increased positive organisational outcomes like the commitment of support staff. Research purpose: The purpose of the research was to determine the relationship between happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment and to determine whether happiness and work engagement hold predictive value for the organisational commitment of support staff. Motivation for the study: This study aims to enable the identification of a link between happiness, work engagement and organisational commitment and to identify a predictive value of the model. Research design, approach and method: The researchers used a cross-sectional survey design. They used a sample of 123 (N = 123) support staff members from a tertiary education institution in South Africa. The researchers used four demographic questionnaires for the research. These were the 'Satisfaction with Life Scale' (SWLS), the 'Well-Being Questionnaire' (WBQ), the 'Utrecht Work Engagement Scale' (UWES) and the 'Organisational Commitment Questionnaire' (OCQ). Main findings: The researchers found a significant positive relationship between affective organisational commitment and work engagement, as well as between affective organisational commitment and happiness (as the SWLS and WBQ measure). They found a significant positive relationship between work engagement and happiness. Finally, the results showed that happiness and work engagement have predictive value for affective organisational commitment. Practical/managerial implications: Happiness and work engagement have predictive value for affective organisational commitment. Therefore, institutions should carefully tailor any implementation programme or initiative to address this relationship. Contribution/value-add: The findings will benefit both managers and workers. Institutions should consider evaluating the levels of happiness and work engagement of their support staff to address the issue of the organisational commitment of their employees.
openalex: W2268806912 mag: 2268806912
Keywords: openalex:import

δ13C as indicator of soil water availability and drought stress in Pinus radiata stands in South Africa - Fischer, Phillip Murray (2011)
openalex: W834562900 mag: 834562900
Keywords: openalex:import