LECTURERS AND STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE IMPACT OF ENGLISH TO LIBYANS - Ahmed, Monir; Meshri, Al (2011)
The spread of English during the last century has left positive and negative effects on other languages and cultures. So the spread of English has triggered such as code switching, borrowing and using English words in the home language. This study aimed at investigating the impact of the spread of English on the Arabic language and Libyan culture. So by showing the use of English in classrooms and library the spread of English in Libya so clear in the field of higher education, all The focus of this thesis on how to find out the lecturers and students attitudes towards the impact of English to Libyans among other things to Arabic language (Libya), On the other hand, the results of what impact it positive or negative on the Arabic language and Libyan culture. For the method this study employs mixed methods to achieve its aims and to increase the reliability and validity of the results. The study was going to employ qualitative design by using descriptive method, so the researcher has used two instruments: open-ended questions for lecturer and a university students’ questionnaire. A sample of ninety students from Libyan universities has been selected to respond to the questionnaire to achieve the aim of the study. The sample used in the open-ended questions consisted of six university professors who expressed their willingness to participate. They were all male professors. They had been chosen from different departments in Libyan Universities some of them teach in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. And one of professors was chosen from the Department of English. Data obtained indicates that the Arabic language is influenced by the spread of the English language. As for culture, it is not directly affected. The young generation is attached to their culture. Nevertheless; the data obtained indicates that English language enjoys economic, social and scientific advantages. Thus, the young generation perceives English language as an essential means for keeping pace with the requirements of the age of globalization. This might lead to a further marginalization of the Arabic language in
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Agriculture and trade opportunities for Tanzania: past volatility and future climate change - Ahmed, S. Amer; Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Hertel, Thomas W.; Martin, William J. (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2011)
Given global heterogeneity in climate-induced agricultural variability, Tanzania has the potential to substantially increase its maize exports to other countries. If global maize production is lower than usual due to supply shocks in major exporting regions, Tanzania may be able to export more maize at higher prices, even if it also experiences below-trend productivity. Diverse destinations for exports can allow for enhanced trading opportunities when negative supply shocks affect the partners'usual import sources. Future climate predictions suggest that some of Tanzania's trading partners will experience severe dry conditions that may reduce agricultural production in years when Tanzania is only mildly affected. Tanzania could thus export grain to countries as climate change increases the likelihood of severe precipitation deficits in other countries while simultaneously decreasing the likelihood of severe precipitation deficits in Tanzania. Trade restrictions, like export bans, prevent Tanzania from taking advantage of these opportunities, foregoing significant economic benefits.
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Umbilical cord separation time among infants seen at the immunisation clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. - Ai, Imuetinyan (PubMed, 2011)
To document the umbilical cord separation time and factors which may influence this among a cohort of infants.Descriptive cross sectional study.Well Baby/Immunisation clinic in University of Benin teaching hospital, Benin city, Edo state, Nigeria.Four hundread and ninety seven consecutive mothers with their healthy infants were documented for age, parity, place of delivery of infant, mode of delivery, gender of infants, cord care and the time it took for the umbilical stump of their infants to separate after birth or drop.The time taken after birth for the cord stump to drop or to separate from its attachment ranged from two to 28 days with a mean of 6.34 +/- 3.67 days. There was a significant relationship between umbilical stump separation time on one hand and place of delivery (p < 0.001), gender of infants (p < 0.001) and cord care practice (p < 0.001) on the other hand. A significantly shorter cord stump separation time was found among babies delivered at non-orthodox centres, male infants and those who had inadequate cord care. There was no relationship between cord stump separation time and maternal parity, mode of delivery and materials used in tying the cord.Cord stump separation time may be as long as 28 days and factors which may influence this include place of delivery, gender of infants and cord care practice. Knowledge of the normal range of time it takes for separation of the cord after birth is important to prevent unnecessary and maybe harmful interventions.
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An analysis of the management of state-maintained special schools for children with hearing impairment in Ghana - Aidoo, Dora (2011)
To date the management of state-maintained special schools for children with hearing impairment (SMSSCHI) in Ghana has not been extensively researched. As a result, the way such schools are managed is inadequately understood. This research sought to address that lack of understanding. The aim of the research was to examine the nature of the day-to-day management activities in SMSSCHI to refine our current understanding of such schools. Research questions focused on the nature of the day-to-day management; the organisational challenges; the relationships between the SMSSCHI and stakeholders including, the private sector, parents and the Ghana Education Service (GES); the way educational policies influence the management of SMSSCHI; and the boundary issues in the day-to-day management of SSMCHI in Ghana. The research began with an analysis of the relevant literature. The empirical research was in two phases: Phase 1 involved visits to seven out of the 12 SMSSCHI in Ghana to understand day-to-day management practices. Phase 2 explored the relationships between schools and stakeholders in the day-to-day management of SMSSCHI in three schools. The data were analysed using the planning, organising, staffing, coordinating, reporting, budgeting (POSDCoRB) framework. The key findings were that day-to-day management practices were homogenous across study schools. This homogeneity stemmed from the use of centralized planning emanating from the GES to ensure conformity to set policies. This practice led to a limited adoption of strategic plans to address local needs. Organisational boundary issues emerged as significant in relation to the involvement of stakeholders in school management portrayed by the profound influence of the GES and very minimal involvement of other stakeholders as enshrined in the decentralisation policy of the GES. Societal conceptions of disability and the location of special schools influenced stakeholders' involvement in school management. The implications of the findings for policy and practice are discussed.
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Teacher Concerns about the Outcomes-based Reform Curriculum in Papua New Guinea - Aihi, Bernadette Ovia (Contemporary PNG Studies, 2011)
This article presents findings of teacher concerns about implementation of a reform outcomes-based curriculum in rural and remote primary schools in Papua New Guinea. Data are presented from fifty-eight teachers in nine rural or remote schools in the East Sepik and Madang provinces. The instrument used to gather the data was the Stages of Concern Questionnaire derived from the Concerns Based Adoption Model. This enabled the strength of teachers concerns to be measured for seven stages: awareness, information, personal, management, consequence, collaboration and refocusing. For many teachers, they had only received the reform curriculum materials recently, so their concerns were strongest for more awareness of curriculum changes, more information on implications for their practices, and concern for their personal adequacy to adapt to the changes without sustained in-service activities.
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Head teachers’ Computer Competency and Computerized Management Systems Adoption in Public Primary Schools, Kadibo Division, Kenya - Aila, Fredrick (2011)
openalex: W2926194695 mag: 2926194695
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Bilingualism and language education in Morocco - Aissati, A. El (Language and Linguistics, 2011)
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The education of students with vision impairment inPapua New Guinea: a tentative review of the literature - Aiwa, James; Pagliano, Paul (2011)
This is a tentative review of the literature because of the very limited amount of published information available on the education of students with vision impairment (VI) in Papua New Guinea (PNG).lnformation that is available tends to be general, dated and lack rigour.The lack of literature is partly due to the PNG context: a complex, impoverished and diverse nation (geographically, culturally and linguistically) with almost overwhelming challenges that directly impact on education. With roughly half the 6.2 million-population under 22, overall attendance, especially in secondary school, remains distressingly low. Despite there being a well-established Government education policy to support the inclusion of students with VI the reality is only a small percentage of the projected eligible students actually receive specialist services. Using an educational definition of VI to help read between the lines, our conjecture is that, as the small number of students who do receive support services are mostly Braille using and functionally blind, large numbers of children with VI are not being identified, particularly those with low vision. Urgent research is therefore needed to clarify numbers and to find out what is actually happening to children with VI in PNG. Given the International Council for Education of People with Visual Impairment (ICEVI) has identified PNG as a proposed focus country for their global campaign on education for all children with visual impairment, this research is both timely and necessary to drive policy forward, to stimulate action and to monitor progress.
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Physical Reactions of Nigerian Health Sciences Students to Formaldehyde Used as Cadaver Preservatives - Aja, Moyosore Salihu; Oluwakemi, Oluwasike; Ola, Aribidesi Luqman; Olawepo, Ayokunle; Ad, Gbenga Anthony; J, Sikiru Adekunle; Abio, Adesola Idowu (Research Journal of Applied Sciences, 2011)
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SUCCESSFUL NIGERIA POLITICAL TRANSITION AND HUMAN CAPITAL TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT AT GRASS ROOTS LEVEL - Ajayi, J K; Ahmed, Junaid (2011)
The public service is deeply involved in shaping the values and practices of the society in which it operates. To be able to perform these functions; the staff must be trained and developed in their requisite skills. In view of these, this paper intend to identify the extent that Nigerian Local Government has achieved its aims and objectives as stated in the training policy of Nigerian Local Government Commission .It also intends to evaluate how effective and adequate are training and development programmes as well as assess the benefits of training and development to both the staff and the society and states their impact in sustaining a successful Nigerian political transition. This paper then suggests methods of improving the human capital development in Nigeria public service.
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Effects of Students' Attitude and Self-Concept on Achievement in Senior Secondary School Mathematics in Ogun State, Nigeria - Ajayi, KO; Lawani, AO; Adeyanju, HI (Journal of Research in National Development, 2011)
Over the years, researchers have been investigating the factors which determine performance in academic situations. In their search, they have been able to identified two areas: the cognitive domain which includes aptitude, intelligence, memory perception and reasoning. These variables are said to constitute a great part of the predictors of academic achievement. The other area is the non -cognitive domain, which includes variables such as socio -economic status, studentsattitude, personality determinants, peer group influence, self -concept, anxiety, etc. As a result of this, this study investigated the effects of attitude and self -concept on achievement in senior secondary school mathematics in Ogun State, Nigeria. Two thousand four hundred students from 60 selected schools in nine local government areas within Ogun State, Nigeria were involved and three research instruments namely; Attitude to Mathematics Questionnaire; (r = 0.73); Self -Concept Scale; (r = 0.71) and Mathematics Achievement Test; (r = 0.84) were used. Data were analysed using multiple regression at .05 level of significance. The findings show that studentsattitude to mathematics and self -concept have significant joint effect on mathematics achievements.
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The State of School Libraries in Nigeria - Ajegbomogun, Fredrick Olatunji; Salaam, Mulikat O. (2011)
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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON RICE AGRICULTURE IN NIGERIA - Ajetomobi, Joshua Olusegun; Abiodun, Ajiboye; Hassan, Rashid M. (DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2011)
This study employed the Ricardian approach to test the relative importance of climate normals (average long-term temperature and precipitation) in explaining net revenue from Nigerian rice agriculture under irrigation and dry land conditions. A survey was done by interviewing 1200 rice farmers from 20 rice producing states in Nigeria. The states covered all the six geopolitical zones in the country. The results showed that increase in temperature will reduce net revenue for dry land rice farms while net revenue rises with increase in temperature for irrigated rice farms. Precipitation had similar effects on rice net revenue. Increase in precipitation will cause reduction in revenue for dry land rice farms whereas it will cause increase in revenue for irrigated farms. The results clearly demonstrate irrigation as a significant techniques used by the farmers to adapt to the climate change. Other adaptation options include Keeping of livestock, engaging in off farm works and the use of different market channels.
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Finding, Organizing and Using Health Information: A Training Manual For Students, Researchers and Health Workers In Africa - Ajuwon, Grace Ada; Anne, Abdulrahmane; Malapela, Thembani; Kanyengo, Christine Wamunyima; Kamau, Nancy; Mbaga, Sara; Horta, Cristina Lessa; Chikonzo, Agnes (2011)
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Quality Low-Fee Private Schools for the Rural Poor: Perception or reality? Evidence from Southern Ghana - Akaguri, L.A. (2011)
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Computer and Internet Facilities Use in Distance Education: A Survey of Sandwich Students of University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria - Akande, Samson Oyeniyi (Library Philosophy and Practice, 2011)
Introduction Distance education is taking a new dimension in the history of education in Nigeria. The Nigerian Government has demonstrated commitment to nthe development of distance learning by going into cooperation and partnership with International Organizations like the Commonwealth of Learning (COL), UNESCO and UNICEF. Dada(2001) gave a report of the international workshop organized by the Federal Government of Nigeria on Distance Learning in collaboration with UNESCO, UNICEF and Commonwealth of Learning(COL). According to him, this conference led to the formulation of a national policy on Distance Education and the design of a ten year programme. The provisions of policy and structural framework for the smooth take-off of distance education are strong indications that the Government is committed to the provision of Distance Education to those who are interested. Umoru-Onuka(2001) defines Distance Education as a means of providing alternative educational opportunities for those who lost such opportunities earlier and are now willing to take advantage of such alternative to ameliorate a lost opportunity or for those who could not afford education through its formal route because they want to study and at the same time keep their jobs'. Distance Learning programmes embraces minimal physical contact between the teacher and student but emphasize much reliance on electronic communications. This implies that the learner receives the formalised learning while he/she is on a location outside the university- campus. Distance learning is variously described as external degree, part-time degree, correspondence or sandwich programmes. Mabawonku(2004) opines that it involves the open learning approach and little (occasional), if any, interaction with the teacher. She believes that the focus is on the needs of the individual student and is more learner- centred. The advances in electronic–based information and Communication technologies (ICTs) rapidly transforming social and economic conditions across the globe have brought a great improvement in the education sector. This is by providing new tools for providing access to information and knowledge management as well as sharing. Khorrami-Arani(2001) asserts that computers have made a dramatic impact on our society, particularly in the field of education. Computers are common tools in most schools, and are being used increasingly in all subject areas. The rationale behind the running of Distance learning programmes is that students could learn from there chosen locations which could be thousands of miles away. It is therefore expected that distance learning would demand much use of information and communication technology. This would enable the students to access electronic information resources like CD-ROM, Internet, Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) and other electronic databases through the use of computers. The use of computers facilitate learning as students make use of word processing applications to type assignments, do class work and surf the Internet to access current information for their time-papers and projects. Provision of electronic resources in university libraries, cybercafes, homes and technology centres inn the universities is very crucial in that it provides access to vast amount of information which students need to achieve their academic goals. Ray and Day(1998) compares electronic and print sources and opines that recalling information from electronic information sources are often faster than consulting print sources. Several studies have been conducted to survey the use of Internet and Computers by students in the universities. For example, Anasi(2006); Olatunji-Bello, Ibegwam and Odugbemi(2002); Ojo and Akande(2005); Ojedokun(2001) all focused on regular or full-time students' use of Internet facilities of the undergraduates but this study will focus the distance learning students or the sandwich students. …
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Computer and Internet Facilities Use in Distance Education: A Survey of Sandwich Students of University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria, Samson Oyeniyi Akande - Akande, Samson Oyeniyi (Library Philosophy and Practice, 2011)
Education is an agent of transformation and change. Many people who cannot afford traditional educational delivery have opted for distance education.Distance education emphasizes electronic communications and use of ICT facilities, but few studies have been conducted to investigate the level of use of computer and Internet facilities by sandwich in Nigerian universities. Sandwich students take an extra year to complete their degrees. The extra year is spent gaining relevant work experience.This study investigates the extent to which the sandwich make use of computer and Internet facilities for their programme using the University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria, as a case study. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. 280 sandwich who constituted the sample size were randomly selected from the 200, 300, and 400 levels in 2007. Out of the 280 copies of the questionnaire administered, 200 copies were retrieved and analysed, giving a response rate of 71.4%. The findings reveal that 50% of the respondents could not make use of computer and Internet facilities on their own due to lack of computing and searching skills. The study also reveals that the lecturers do not give the assignments to encourage their use of computer and Internet facilities. Recommendations were offered to improve the use of computer and Internet facilities by the students.
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The effects of national health insurance scheme on utilization of health services at unilorin teaching hospital staff clinic, ilorin, nigeria - Akande, T.M.; Salaudeen, A.G.; Babatunde, Oluwole Adeyemi (Health science journal, 2011)
Introduction: The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was launched in Nigeria June, 2005 and covers public civil servants in Federal Establishments. Αim : This study compared the pattern of utilization of the staff clinic two years before and after the commencement of NHIS at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using records of patients seen at staff clinic, Unilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin two years before and after the commencement of National Health Insurance Scheme. Information obtained from the hospital records was entered into the Epi-Info software of the computer. A p-value of dependants attended the staff clinic. Conclusion: National Health Insurance Scheme led to 144% increase in the utilization of health services at staff clinic of Unilorin Teaching Hospital. More studies need to be done to probe into factors responsible for this increase and to rule out possible abuse of the scheme.
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Survey of school factors affecting teaching and learning in pre-schools in Kangemi slums Westlands District, Nairobi county, Kenya - Akanga, Nancy O (2011)
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Poster presentation: A study of youth and climate change in some communities in northern region, Ghana. - Akansighe, E.; Gbedemah, C.; Opoku-Ansong, B.; Semaho, S.K. (2011)
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PATTERNS OF MEDICATION USE, ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND COST IMPLICATIONS IN MEDICAL IN-PATIENTS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL, BENIN CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIA - Akhideno, Peter Ehizokhale (2011)
Irrational use of medicines exemplified by polypharmacy, over use of injections and antimicrobials amongst others have resulted in increased morbidity and mortality for patients as well as influencing the pattern of adverse drug reactions and the cost of treatment incurred by patients and the community. The indicators developed by the WHO for objective evaluations of rational medicine use can be deployed to characterize current medication use patterns in our setting. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of use of medications using the WHO prescribing indicators and to profile the pattern of adverse drug reactions as well as their cost implications in a tertiary health care setting with a view to developing parameters to serve as basis for reference purposes, policy making and interventions, in a bid to attain safe therapeutic patient care. Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study in which in-patients admitted into medical wards of a tertiary hospital were followed up using a data collection form modified from WHO prescribing indicator form. Patients were evaluated on specific days during admission and were monitored for adverse drug reactions occurrence. Cost of therapy was evaluated using hospital pharmacy price list. SPSS version 13 software was used for analysis with results being expressed as means ± S.D, percentages or median values where necessary. Means were compared using T- test and association of proportions were evaluated using chi – squared test with level of significance set at 95%. Results: Five hundred and seven patients (507) were evaluated over a period of 8 months, 269 males and 238 females. The mean age of studied population was 48.9 ± 17.8 years (range- 17 to 89 years). The most prevalent disease entities were malaria, HIV/AIDS, diabetes mellitus and hypertension occurring in 18.9%, 17.2%, 17% and 16.8% of patients respectively.„Medicines used for alimentary tract and metabolism‟ (ATC class A), was the most frequently prescribed class of medicines, constituting 25.6% of all prescriptions. The mean duration of admission was 11.9 ± 11.3 days, while the mean number of medicines used per admission was 9.1 ± 3.8. The percentage of medicines prescribed by generic name was 85.6% while the percentage prescribed from the essential medicines list was 88.1%. The percentage of admissions with injectables prescribed was 89.3%, percentage with antimicrobials prescribed was 61.9% while 18.9% admissions had antimalarials prescribed. An average cost of N16,993.61 ± N 25415.71 ($130.72 ± $195.51) was spent per admission while an average of N 3169.96 ± N 6348.77 ($24.38 ± $48.84) was spent on treating adverse drug reactions. Patients admitted due to Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were 3.6% while in 6.5%, ADRs occurred during admission, giving an ADR prevalence of 10.1%. Identified risk factors for ADRs were age ≥ 65 years (chi square = 10.152, P = 0.001), number of medicines patient was on (chi square = 11.891, P = 0.018) and number of co-morbidities (chi square = 21.962, P = 0.000). Medicines most often implicated in ADRs were insulin (27.5%) and NSAIDs (19.6%) while the organs/systems most affected were the nervous system (33.3%) and the gastrointestinal system (21.6%) in the form of hypoglycemia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding respectively. The percentage of the total medicine cost spent on treating ADRs was 1.9%. Conclusion: The WHO medicine use indicators serve as a tool for monitoring medicine use and have been successfully adapted to in-patients in this study. Adverse drug reactions with an observed incidence of 6.5% and prevalence of 10.1% are quite common and represent a sizeable burden in terms of morbidities and cost to p
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Determinants of delay on completion of Constituency Development Fund financed classrooms in public schools in Butere Constituency, Kenya - Akhwaba, James Konya (2011)
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Environmental Impact of Leachate Pollution on Groundwater Supplies in Akure, Nigeria - Akinbile, Christopher O.; Yusoff, Mohd Suffian (International journal of environmental science and development, 2011)
Physical, chemical and bacteriological analyses of water samples from three boreholes located near a landfill at Akure, Nigeria was carried out to ascertain the magnitude of dumpsite pollution on groundwater quality.Borehole locations were at radial distances of 50m, 80m, and 100m respectively away from the landfill.The parameters determined included; turbidity, temperature, pH, Dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), Total Hardness, Total Iron, Nitrate, Nitrite, Chloride, Calcium and heavy metals such as Copper, Zinc and Lead using convectional equipment and standard laboratory procedures.Most of these parameters indicated traceable pollution but were below the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Nigerian Standard for Drinking water quality (NSDWQ) limits for consumption.The pH ranged from 5.7 to 6.8 indicating toxic pollution, turbidity values were between 1.6 and 6.6 NTU and temperature ranged from 26.5 to 27.50C.Concentrations of iron, nitrate, nitrite and calcium ranged from 0.9 to 1.4 mg L-1, 30 to 61 mg L-1, 0.7 to 0.9 mg L-1 and 17 to 122 mg L-1 respectively.For heavy metals, zinc ranged between 0.3 and 2.3 mg L-1 and lead ranged from 1.1 to 1.2 mg L-1.The landfill was not directly responsible for the presence of Chromium in one of the wells but could be traced to an abattoir near the well.Bacteriological examinations revealed severe pollution in all the wells.Statistical analyses indicated significant differences among all the parameters tested for in the samples at 95% level.The results showed that all but one of the boreholes was strongly polluted but require urgently certain levels of treatment before use.Public enlightenment on waste sorting, adoption of clean technology, using climate change mitigation strategies and the use of sanitary landfill to prevent further contamination of ground water flow are recommended.
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Assessment Practices in English Language at the Nigerian Secondary School Level: A Psycholinguistic Issue - Akinbode, Oluwole; Dairo, Anthony Lekan; null, null; null, null (Academic Leadership The Online Journal, 2011)
The major purposes to which the results of assessment could be put were diagnosis, evaluation,guidance, grading prediction, and selection. In Nigeria, it is unfortunate that the results of manyexaminations have been used almost exclusively for grading and promotion exercises and inevitablythere has been a neglect of diagnosis, guidance and evaluation although considerable informal use ofassessment for these purposes are made by teachers in the classroom.
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Occurrence of Extended-Spectrum β-1actamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae （ESBLPE） among Primary School Pupil in Obafemi-Owode, Nigeria - Akinduti; Paul, Paul; Akinniyi; Akinbo; John; Adeolu; Adenuga; Funmilayo; Ejilude; Oluwaseun; Umahoin; Kingsley; et al. (生命科学（ISSN1934-7391）, 2011)
openalex: W1217091003 mag: 1217091003
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Gender Differences in Students-Staff Violence in Urban and Rural Secondary Schools of Osun State, South Western Nigeria - Akinlolu, G Omisore; Omisore, Bridget; Afolabi, Temitope O.; Folake, O Olajide; Olujide, Osunsina; Ogundele, Anthonia; Agunbiade, Olalekan Isaiah (Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, 2011)
Background: School violence is of public health importance. One important but often overlooked dimension is student-staff violence. The aim of the study was to assess the gender differences in the pattern of students-staff violence in urban and rural areas of Osun state with the hypothesis that male students and staff perpetrate violence more than female students and staff respectively. Methodology: A cross sectional study conducted among 800 secondary school students from JSS 2 to SSS 3 (400 in urban and 400 in rural areas) selected by multi-stage sampling technique. Results: The mean age for all the respondents was 14.3 years ±2.0, with the mean age for males as 14.2±2.0 and females as 14.3±2.0. Male respondents were 51.5% in urban schools and 51% in rural schools. Males were the main perpetrators in both urban and rural areas but more females in the rural areas perpetrated violence than their urban counterparts. Out of those who verbally abused school staff in urban areas, males constituted 61.5% compared to 38.5% of females. Respondents also experienced violence in the hands of academic staff (male and female). Conclusion: All forms of violence were perpetrated against school staff with prevalence higher in rural than urban areas. Males perpetrated most forms of violence than females in both urban and rural schools, though this was marked in urban schools. Female respondents in rural areas experienced significantly higher perpetration of most forms of school-related violence than urban females. Journal of Community Medicine & Primary Health vol 23 (1-2) 2011
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Awareness and use of and barriers to family planning services among female university students in Lesotho : original article - Akintade, Oluwasanmi L.; Pengpid, Supa; Peltzer, Karl (South African Medical Journal, 2011)
Background. Unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among young women can be prevented through dual protection (i.e. condom use plus another method). Unmet needs for contraception and rates of unintended pregnancy among young women are high in the developing world. Aim. To assess the level of awareness of contraceptives and utilisation of family planning services among young women, and barriers that hinder effective use of such services. Methods. In a quantitative descriptive survey, 360 female undergraduate students at the National University of Lesotho responded to a hand-delivered self-administered questionnaire. Results. Awareness of family planning was high (97.5%). The condom was the most commonly known and used family planning method. The level of sexual experience and the prevalence of contraceptive use were high. Access to services was good. There were some misconceptions, e.g. that contraceptives other than the condom, such as natural family planning (4.7%), the vaginal ring (3.3%) and male or female sterilisation (2.8%), can prevent STIs. Married status was associated with current use of contraceptives, and having been formally taught about family planning was associated with the belief that it causes cancer. The unmet contraceptive need in the sample was 24.9%. Conclusion. Levels of awareness and utilisation of family planning services are high among female students at the University of Lesotho. There is a need to introduce family planning teaching based on accurate facts into the school curriculum.
openalex: W2290359954 mag: 2290359954
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Prevelence and Pattern of Electrocardiographic Abnormalities Seen in Adult Nigerians Presenting at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. A Preliminary Report - Akinwusi, PO; Oyedeji, AT; Okunola, OO; Alebiosu, CO (Nigerian Endocrine Practice, 2011)
Objective: There is paucity of published data on the prevalence and pattern of electrocardiographic abnormalities (ECGA) seen in adult Nigerians referred for this investigation. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of some ECGA in Nigerian adults. Methods: This is a hospital based audit to determine the prevalence and pattern of ECGA seen at the electrodiagnostic division of the Cardiac center of the Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. The electrocardiographic tracings, demographics, clinical indicators and reports of 632 patients referred for electrocardiography over a 24 month period (October 2008 to October 2010) were retrieved and reviewed. Results: 632 patients presented to the unit over a two year period. There were 305 males (48.3%) with mean age of 53.4 ± 16.9 years, 327 females (51.7%) with mean age of 53.3 ± 15.3 years and M: F ratio of 0.9:1. The commonest clinical indication for electrocardiographic referral was hypertension related causes; accounting for 55.5% of all referrals. The overall prevalence of ECGA was 61.7%. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was the commonest abnormality (32.6%). Left anterior fascicular block (LAH) was the commonest conduction abnormality seen (3%). Ventricular premature contraction (VPCs) was the commonest arrhythmia observed (4.4%). There was no information on the indication for electrocardiography in 7.4% of the request forms. Conclusion: The prevalence of ECGA seen in a population of hospital patients is high. LVH is the most common electrocardiographic abnormality. The presence of important prognostic information like VPCs and LAH are readily identifiable and likely reflects the high prevalence of hypertension amongst our patients. Inadequate clinical information on electrocardiography referral forms is a common finding. Key words: Electrocardiographic abnormalities, Pattern, Nigeria
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Hydrological study on groundwater in the Banana plain and Mount Cameroon area-Cameroon volcanic line (CVL) - Ako, Ako Andrew (2011)
openalex: W2294198246 mag: 2294198246
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Agricultural Innovations for Climate Change Adaptation and Food Security in Africa: The Cases of Ghana and The Gambia - Akon-Yamga, Gordon; Boadu, Paul; Obiri, B.D.; Amoako, Joyce; Mboob, Fatou Janha (2011)
openalex: W2762252949 mag: 2762252949
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Agricultural Innovations for Climate Change Adaptations and Food Security in Ghana and the Gambia: Policy Options - Akon-Yamga, Gordon; Boadu, Paul; Obiri, B.D.; Amoako, Joyce; Mboob, Fatou Janha (2011)
openalex: W2763041451 mag: 2763041451
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Role of information systems in the management of education data:The case of Ministry of Education Headquarters, Kenya. - Akong'o, Paul O (2011)
openalex: W2248701762 mag: 2248701762
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Transfer of amoxicillin resistance gene among bacterial isolates from sputum of pneumonia patients attending the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city, Nigeria - Akortha, E. E.; H.S.A., Aluyi; Enerrijiofi, K. E. (Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2011)
A total of 160 sputum samples were obtained from pneumonia patients (1 – 30 years) attending the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. The microorganisms encountered included Streptococcus viridians, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus species. S. viridans was highest in occurrence (51.5%) and Staphylococcus spp. was the least (2.9%). Their antibiotic resistance pattern revealed that streptomycin had the highest activity (94.1%) and gentamycin the least (23.8%). Amoxicillin resistance gene (amxr) was detected in 89 (88.1%) out of the total isolates. When these resistant isolates were subjected to curing using 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 73 (82.0%) lost their resistance genes. An average transfer rate of 53.88% and 33.59% were obtained for intraspecies and intergeneric transfer of amxr gene respectively. Intraspecies gene transfer rate was significantly higher than intergeneric at p<0.001, using the chi – square goodness of fit test for statistical analysis.
openalex: W2158490935 mag: 2158490935
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HIV/AIDS education in regular and special (deaf) secondary schools in Ghana - Akoto, Yaw (2011)
openalex: W2242828686 mag: 2242828686
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Maintenance of Standards in Vocational Education in Nigeria: Implication for Occupational Choice and Skills Development of Students - Akpan, Effiong Ekong; Nsa, Okon E.; Akpan, Nsini A. (Lwati: a journal of contemporary research, 2011)
Standards are measured with whatever be the needs and acceptable norms of the society. Standards in education are also judged by what the society requires. The Nigerian Society requires that youths come out of schools with saleable skills for employment or self-reliance to reduce unemployment. It is very true to say that the standard of education in Nigeria has fallen greatly. This is because the products of the school system flood the streets of this country without any skill to show that they went to school. There are no employment opportunities for them, and they cannot help themselves since they are unemployable due to lack of saleable skills. Most of them can neither read nor write well. It is vocational education that can help this country out of this problem. This paper looks at standards in vocational education in terms of Supervision, Curriculum, Methods of Instructional Delivery, Equipment, and Quality of Teaching Staff. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research , 8(4), 45-54, 2011
openalex: W1600455294 mag: 1600455294
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The Role of Public Libraries in Promoting Adult Education in Nigeria - Akparobore, Daniel O. (Library Philosophy and Practice, 2011)
The aim of this article is to help demonstrate that libraries are vital institutions for improving human resources. These human resources are the wealth of nation, and adult education, which helps in the development of these resources, provide foundations for adult learners. Public libraries play a crucial role in lifelong learning and increasing information literacy for adult learners.
openalex: W2137484637 mag: 2137484637
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Impact of climate change on water resources in Africa - Akpor, Oghenerobor B.; Boakye, Maxwell (African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 2011)
A change in climate is known to affect ecosystems and access to natural resources, such as water. Because of low economic development and variations of local conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa, adaptation and mitigation against climate change impacts is low. From a continental and annual basis, Africa is known to have abundance of water resources but spatial and temporal variation within and between countries puts the continent as one with pressing water problem. Reports have shown that, global warming, which is a direct result of climate change is unequivocal and the change in greenhouse gas emissions is due to human and natural activities. In several African countries, climate change is having a multitude of immediate and long-term impacts on water resources. Although history has it that societies in Africa have always experienced climate-related problems, the increase in frequency and intensity of droughts and floods in the last few decades have placed great burdens on African countries in dealing with high incidences of water related diseases. Human threats have led to water pollution (chemical and biological), water scarcity and global change in climate, thus leading to redistribution of precipitation, rising sea levels, change in CO2 absorption of oceans and increase in extreme precipitation events. This paper was therefore aimed at reviewing current impacts of climate change on Africa water resources. The vulnerability of Africa and current climate change adaptation steps were also discussed.
openalex: W3150742053 mag: 3150742053
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Analyses of haematological malignancies records from University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria (1983 - 2008) - Akpotuzor, JO; Akwiwu, EC; Okpokam, DC; Keunmoe, P (International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2011)
A 25 year retrospective analysis of haematological malignancies in Calabar, Nigeria was carried out based on data from the Haematology Record Registers and Records Department of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. The aim was to provide information on haematological malignancies in the study area and compare these with previous reports from other parts of Nigeria and worldwide. A total of 347 cases of haematological malignancies were diagnosed within the study period (January 1983 - December 2008) using conventional morphological examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow smears stained with Leishman and May-Grunwald-Giemsa stains. Distribution of the cases was studied based on age, sex and the type of malignancy. The most common haematological malignancy found was Leukaemia (35.2%), followed by Burkitt’s lymphoma (28.5%), Hodgkins/non-Hodgkins disease (26.8%), non-leukaemic myeloproliferative disease (5.2%) and multiple myeloma (4.3%). The malignancies were seen to be distributed throughout all ages. An overall male preponderance with an M: F ratio of 2:1. Burkitt’s lymphoma was the most common haematological malignancy in age group 0 - 20 years, while multiple myeloma was the commonest type in 41 - 60 age groups. The work has shown that leukaemia is the commonest type of haematological malignancy seen in all age groups in this locality. Keywords : Haematology, malignancy, Burkitt’s lymphoma, leukaemia, Hodgkins disease, myeloma
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An impact evaluation of student teacher training in HIV/AIDS education: The case of the centre for continuing education, University of Cape Coast, Ghana - Akuamoah-Boateng, Clara; Sam-Tagoe, Josephine; Buadu, Eddiebright Joseph (2011)
Proceedings of the 3rd biannual International Conference on Distance Education and Teachers’ Training in Africa (DETA) held at the University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, August 2009
openalex: W3164790196 mag: 3164790196
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Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Wastewater isolates Obtained From University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and General Hospital Calabar, Nigeria. - Akubuenyi, F. C.; Arikpo, G. E.; Ogugbu, C. J.; Mfongeh, J. F.; Akpanumun, E. V. (Nigerian Journal Of Microbiology, 2011)
openalex: W2570008162 mag: 2570008162
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WHAT'S IN A SONG? EXPLORING THE ANALYTICAL-CREATIVE LEARNING PROCESS IN INDIGENOUS KENYAN CHILDREN'S SONGS - Akuno, EA (2011)
openalex: W2580235962 mag: 2580235962
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Re)Assessing the Impact of School Capitation Grants on Educational Access in Ghana - Akyeampong, Kwame (2011)
openalex: W1534116305 mag: 1534116305
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Chain governance in urban dairying in Tanzania: a cross- learning study on value chain development - Akyoo, Adam; Makoye, G. R.; Kilima, F. T. M.; Coles, Christopher; Nombo, Carolyne I.; Mvena, Z. S. K.; Ngetti, M. (2011)
openalex: W3158287906 mag: 3158287906
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN GERMAN AND YEMENI HIGHER EDUCATION: A Comparison - Al-Fotih, Taha Ahmed (2011)
openalex: W2931959151 mag: 2931959151
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A non-formal education classroom model for rural Kenya - Al-Fuwaires, Dala Abdulla (2011)
openalex: W1545601214 mag: 1545601214
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Electronic Education and Libyan Universities - Al-Kilani, Kolan (Informing Science and IT Education Conference, 2011)
Educators continuously are searching for the best methods and means for effective educational surroundings for waking up students' attention for exchange of ideas and experience.Techniques of Information presented in electronic data processing (E.D.P.) and Internet and, in addition to that, techniques from many other means are considered as the most successful means for establishing an educational surrounding that makes possible cooperative plans between different educational institutions and gives possibility for students to develop their experience of interesting subjects through contacts with other students and experts who have the same interests.In this way students are searching for information and for forms of information that have influence on their experience and thinking.Also, contact through the Internet develops their writing skills and experience in English in different fields of subjects and levels.
openalex: W2182806064 mag: 2182806064
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THE BASIC GRAMMAR PROBLEMS FACED BY ARAB (LIBYAN) STUDENTS IN ENGLISH COMPOSITION - Al-Shareef, HiHisham Mohammed Al-Naib; Al-Shareef, Al-Naib (2011)
Abstract The present study aimed at investigating the writing problems of Libyan Arab learners of English as a foreign language, highlighting the problems, finding out the causes and providing some suggestion to overcome the problems. For attaining this purpose, three research questions were raised and the answers were provided and discussed. It is a descriptive research applying a quantitative and qualitative method to analyze the data. To find out the objectives of this study, the researcher collected the data through a questionnaire and a writing test. The participants were the Libyan postgraduate students from Diponegoro university. The sample of the study is 32 students, but only twenty students who responded the questionnaire and the test. The results of this study show that the learners encounter problems in many categories and mostly grammatical categories. The problems are mostly in grammar such as tenses, articles, singular and plural, verbs, passive and active voice, prepositions, spelling and word order. Some other difficulties like morphological problems were found out as a problem that students have in English composition. Moreover, the learners face some difficulties in the punctuation and capitalization. Most of these errors were encountered as a result of the mother tongue influence. Key words: English composition, Arab (libyan) students, grammatical problems, spelling, punctuation.
openalex: W2347123779 mag: 2347123779
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Analytical Study of the Labs of Kinesiology and Biomechanics of Physical Education Faculties in Egypt - Al-Shetehy, Tamer Husain (2011)
The research aims to identify the possibility and extent of benefit derived from the labs of motor Science in Faculties of Physical Education in Arab Republic of Egypt. The researcher use descriptive approach to its suitability for the nature of the research. He made ax study of all faculties and departments of Physical Education in Arab Republic of Egypt that are 17 faculties and one department at Al Azhar University. The researcher use in data collection, personal interviews and field visits to the faculties of physical education and those who in change of the laboratory and analysis of documents to find out the number of applied laboratory haves as well as knowing studies and previous researches. The researcher has applied the form of collection data on the research community in the period from June 1 to September 20, 2010. He collected data, applied and scheduled them. Then processed the data statistically, the researcher has come to a number of the most important results that there is no labs of movement sciences and Biomechanics in some physical education faculties in Arab Republic of Egypt by 38.9% at a total of 7 faculties from 18 faculties. Every change in society should be followed by a to preparing the player and the field (3). change in Educational system and in the development of Leonardo de Vinci wrote in the 15 century that curricula. This change is reflected in the philosophy of mechanics is the most useful science (4). The student Education which in turn reflects the social change. The should take laboratory training besides the theoretical specialized National councils recommend achieving achievement to study kinesiology and Biomechanics to balance in the educational process in the university that develop the level of Biomechanics research, the human it connects the scientific qualifications with the and financial re potentials should be available to serve the specialized knowledge and the cultural development (1). scientific material either for the educational purpose or for This will help the graduate to continue to keep up with the doing researches (3). scientific development in the technology of measurement The problem lies in establishing regional faculties of and reformation and diagnosis in the field of kinesiology physical education without considering human or and in computers with its 4 stages of analyzing data financial Potentials or without considering the (collecting data- digital conversion - mechanical environmental factors and the type of work expected for processing - results display) make it easy to store , the graduates. It is not reasonable that the specialist Analysis, process a lot of data and kinetic and provides the scientific material about settling the center of electrophysiology measurements which have different gravity in the human body without practical application of physical and biological origins for motor performance (2). lesson contents without practically applying the theory So, the need for scientific research in the technology of under the supervision of the specialist. Also, designing monitoring the errors of performance using the the cinematography field and preparing the players before measurement tools related to the ideal Sports performance Shooting require that the student should have is necessary. The kinesiology and Biomechanics are used experimental path inside the lab because it is very difficult as a detector to detect Kinetic molecules of performance to teach these things theoretically without application. It and its great ability in monitoring the errors of the entire is important to make study for analyzing the contents of performance of the kinetic skills using cinematography the specialized faculties and to achieve this purpose. scientific labs equipped with modern technology related th
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Institutional Evaluation Program (IEP) as a Governance Tool in Public Higher Education Institutions in Ghana: A Case of the Institute of Professional Studies (IPS) - Alabi, Jaena; Alabi, G. A. (Journal of Business Research, 2011)
Tertiary education in Ghana has gone through series of reforms in the last 20 years affecting governance and funding. As a result key principles of governance being emphasized in the higher education sector in Ghana today are autonomy and accountability. This paper examines the use of the European Institutional Evaluation Programme (IEP) Model as a governance tool for Quality Assurance and accountability in Higher Institutions of Learning in Ghana. It uses an action research methodology based on a case of the Institute of Professional Studies to describe how the Institute applied the IEP as a Quality Assurance and accountability tool. Conclusions on the analysis of the IEP tool are inductively drawn from the IPS experience. The analysis were structured along the 3-subsystems of a conceptual model developed for this study and was based on the four key questions of the IEP model. Results show that the IEP is a suitable tool for improving governance, accountability and Quality Assurance. However, Quality Assurance and accountability go beyond a one-off Institutional Evaluation Programme, where peers follow up on institutional self-assessment and report observations. It requires commitment to follow- through with the recommendations, Institutional management systems, resources and a quality culture and mindset. If the systems and support to develop an institutional culture for accountability are not available then the IEP will be limiting. Keywords : higher education, quality assurance, governance, institutional evaluation programme
openalex: W1511895568 mag: 1511895568
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CULTURAL AND GENDER FACTORS IN HIV/AIDS SPREAD IN NIGERIA: THE PLACE OF EDUCATION - Aladejana, F.O.; Odejobi, Cecilia Omobola (EDULEARN11 Proceedings, 2011)
openalex: W434805151 mag: 434805151
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Knowledge and training needs of farmers adopting sawah rice production technology in Nigeria - Alarima, Cornelius Idowu; Kolawole, A. E.; Fabusoro, E.; Ajulo, A. A.; Masunaga, Tsugiyuki; Wakatsuki, Toshiyuki (2011)
Data were collected from 124 sawah farmers purposefully selected using a well-structured interview guide to identify the knowledge and training needs in Nigeria. The study was carried out in Ogun, Ondo, Niger, Ebonyi, Kaduna and Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory. The results showed that respondents were predominantly male, married and had Quranic education, with mean age of 42.30 years. The mean household size was 14 persons, farm size ranged from 0.03 to10 ha (mean = 0.5 ha), the mean yield was 4.65 t/ha and mean income $1,041.38 ($1= N 145.00). The farmers on average were knowledgeable of sawah technology. Water management, power tiller operation and management, sawah layout and design, surface levelling and smoothening, nursery management, harvesting, processing and nutrient management were the areas they need training and are willing to attend on-thejob training. Regression analysis showed that age (β = -0.540), years of experience in sawah (β = -0.534), training attended (β = -0.182) and knowledge of sawah (β = -0.044) were negatively related to training needs, while household size (β = 0.708) and farm size (β = 0.621) were positively related to training needs. The areas of priority for training are water management, power tiller operation and management and sawah plot layout. Farmers are willing to attend on-the-job training if given the opportunity.
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UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION: PANACEA FOR ILLITERACY AND POVERTY IN NIGERIA - Alayande, Emmanuel (2011)
Acute poverty and low literacy level in Nigeria are major impediments to development as vast majority of the people in the country do not have access to literacy, to acquire necessary knowledge and skills that will enable them to tackle their socio-economic problems. This study aimed at reviewing the relationship between illiteracy, poverty and Universal Basic Education in Nigeria. Basic achievement of Universal Basic Education and the associated problems were identified. The paper also analyzed the strategies for eradicating illiteracy and poverty in Nigeria through basic education, and was of the opinion that the government should prioritize basic education as the foundation on which illiteracy and poverty can be eliminated.
openalex: W2182402940 mag: 2182402940
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Reading comprehension skills amongst undergraduate EFL students in Libya : the development and evaluation of an innovative critical reading programme - Albeckay, Emhemmad Masoud (2011)
openalex: W50415371 mag: 50415371
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DE LA EDUCACIÓN TRADICIONAL AFRICANA A LA ESCUELA ACTUAL EN ÁFRICA SUBSAHARIANA 1 From traditional african education to today's school in sub-saharan Africa - Alberto, Pedro (2011)
Just as other factors of the African reality, the analysis of the educational scene in Sub– Saharan Africa is often tinged with the usual established pessimism delivered by mainstream mass media. However, education in sub–Saharan countries has a history, a dynamics and some unique challenges that cannot be summed up in a simple heartbreaking story. Following a review of a series of global data directly or indirectly involved in educational development, this paper analyses the evolution of education in the Black Continent (from the pre–colonial period to our days). The paper ends with a reflection on the keys and requirements needed to reach the Millennium Development Goals dealing with education in Sub–Saharan Africa.
openalex: W2182116619 mag: 2182116619
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CONCEPT MAPPING TEACHING STRATEGY AND SECONDARY STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TO PHYSICS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA - Alebiosu, Kehinde; Michael, Emmanuel (2011)
This study investigated the effectiveness of using concept maps in improving the attitude of senior secondary students to Physics. The study, a pre-test, post-test, control group quasiexperimental design involving 2x2x3 factorial matrix also investigated the moderating effects of gender and quantitative ability. Ninety Senior Secondary 2 students of intact classes participated in the study that was carried out in Ibadan, Nigeria using three validated instruments; Teacher Instructional Guide, Quantitative Ability Test, and Physics Attitude Test for data collection. Findings showed that concept mapping method had significant main effect on students’ attitude (F (2,90) = 30.251, P < 0.05) implying that using concept maps was more effective in improving students’ attitude towards physics. There were no significant 2 way and 3 way interaction effects of variables on attitude. Physics teachers were implored to adopt the use of concept mapping instructional strategy in physics classes and to disallow discrimination among male and female low, moderate and high quantitative ability students.
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Analysis of higher education costs sharing implementation in Ethiopia - Alemu, Sintayehu Kassaye (2011)
openalex: W2889830969 mag: 2889830969
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Comparison Of Student Performance In Chemistry In Both Private And Public Selected Secondary Schools In The Kaduna South Local Government Area, Nigeria - Alewu, B; Nosiri, C; Ladan, Ala Ahmed (The internet journal of public health, 2011)
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The Link between Climate Change, Gender and Development in Africa - Alexander, Patricia A.; Nabalamba, Alice; Mubila, Maurice (2011)
Background: Climate change is a threat to sustainable development in Africa. The continent is home to the world’s most susceptible populations, because of the sensitivity and fragility of its natural environment, and its high rate of dependence on environment-based livelihoods. Methods: This study examines how vulnerabilities to climate change are understood by climate change researchers, and how communities, particularly women whose livelihoods depend on environment-based activities, can be supported by governments and development partners to adapt. Main findings: A strong relationship exists between climate change and environment-based livelihoods, which, in turn, are closely linked to gender. The ten countries ranked most vulnerable to climate change are heavily dependent on agricultural activities, with women representing over 40% of the agricultural workforce. In fact, in 46 of Africa’s nations, women account for at least 40% of agricultural workers. Conclusions: Women, more than men, are exposed to environment-linked risks. The geography, environmental fragility and dependence on low-technology, rain-fed agriculture that make Africa vulnerable are at the heart of women’s livelihood. Poor women’s predominant role in agriculture and environment-related jobs heightens their risk; many are engaged in the informal sector, without the protection of formal labour market regulation. Recommendations: The study points to the need for data to develop policies to mitigate the impact of climate change. It emphasizes the need to use tools already available to National Statistical Systems, rather than collect new data, by ensuring gender sensitivity in survey instruments. National Statistical Systems have a role in making information on the human environment available to policy-makers, advocates and stakeholders.
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Special issue on basic education in Ghana - Alhassan, Eliasu (2011)
openalex: W1606362439 mag: 1606362439
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The Need to Harmonise Ethiopian Legal Education and Training Curricula - Ali, Abdi Jibril (Social Science Research Network, 2011)
Law schools and justice organs professionals training centres provide legal education in Ethiopia. The training centres offer three kinds of training: in service training, special training and initial training. The training centres mainly admit law school graduates into initial training. The need for the training centres is unquestionable and their establishment is in line with best practices of most countries. However, the training centres partly repeat theoretical and practical courses offered in law schools in initial training. This paper explores the causes and consequences of the repetition and proposes some solutions to deal with it.
openalex: W1504751340 mag: 1504751340
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COMPARISON OF LANDUSE AND LANDCOVER CHANGES, DRIVERS AND IMPACTS FOR A MOISTURE-SUFFICIENT AND DROUGHT-PRONE REGION IN THE ETHIOPIAN HIGHLANDS - Ali, Hussien; Descheemaeker, Katrien; Steenhuis, Tammo S.; Pandey, Suraj (Experimental Agriculture, 2011)
SUMMARY Land use and land cover changes are driven by human actions and, in turn, drive changes that alter the availability of products and services for people and livestock. For proper planning, these cause-and-effect interrelations need to be understood. This is especially important for Ethiopia where the resource base is declining and should be improved in order to feed the growing population. To better understand these interrelations, we studied trends in the natural resource base over a 35-year period for two contrasting sites in the Ethiopian Highlands: semi-arid and water-short Lenche Dima, and sub-humid and moisture-sufficient Kuhar Michael. Information was obtained using time-series satellite images, geographical positioning system, a socio-economic survey and a document review. Results showed that for sub-arid Lenche Dima there were minimal changes in land use and land cover patterns, while in water-sufficient Kuhar Michael cropland greatly increased at the expense of the grazing land and bare soil. At the same time land holding size and cattle numbers decreased in Lenche Dima while they remained the same in Kuhar Michael, although overall land holdings remained larger in Lenche Dima than in Kuhar Michael. This study thus found large differences in development of agriculture since the 1970s: intensification of agriculture is possible in the water-sufficient sub-humid climate by displacing animal husbandry with high value crops that need irrigation during the dry monsoon season. This is not possible for the semi-arid area where water is the limiting factor in production even if a market is close by. Agriculture in the semi-arid areas also requires larger land holdings because of the risk of droughts and low yields during some years. This comparative analysis suggests that without sufficient water, the shift from subsistent to commercial market-driven agriculture cannot be easily accomplished.
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Staying off the Bottom of the Melting Pot: Somali Refugees Respond to a Changing U.S. Immigration Climate - Ali, Ihotu (Bildhaan: An International Journal of Somali Studies, 2011)
As a nation of immigrants, the United States has also been a nation of nativists...We have welcomed immigrants in periods of expansion and optimism, reviled them in periods of stagnation and cynicism...In short, American nativism has had less to do with ‘them’ than us...Fear and loathing of foreigners reach such levels when the nation’s problems become so intractable that some people seek scapegoats. Typically, these periods feature a political or economic crisis, combined with a loss of faith in American institutions and a sense that the national community is gravely fractured. Nativists’ targets have reflected America’s basic divisions: class, race, religion, and, to a lesser extent, language and culture. “Cycles of Nativism in U.S. History,” The National Immigration Forum
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3. The difference in Intelligence and exam anxiety between high and low achieving students at the 7th of April university, Libya - Almazghoob, Ibtesam Salem (DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2011)
The objective of this study is to investigate the differences between high academic achievement and of low academic achievement students in the variables of intelligence and exam anxiety. Also to investigate the effect of intelligence on the relationship between exam anxiety and academic achievement, through a comparison between high academic achievement students with high exam anxiety and high academic achievement students with low exam anxiety in intelligence, as well as for students of low academic achievement.To achieve this goal the descriptive method was employed. The sample consisted of (302) students on whom the test sequence of Raven Matrices (SPM) and the measure of the trend towards the exam were applied. The results showed statistically significant differences in intelligence among high academic achievement students from the College of Science and low achievement for the sample of the College of Art . The results indicated that there were no significant differences between high achievement students and low achievement. Results also revealed that the differences in exam anxiety among high academic achievement and low achievement students did not reach the level of statistical significance in the sample of The college of Science. Concerning the College of Arts sample, the differences were statistically significant among high academic achievement and low students. The results also showed that the difference in intelligence among high academic achievement with exam anxiety and high achievement with low exam anxiety is not statisticallysignificant among the both students of the Colleges of Art and Science. Finally, the difference in IQ between low achievement with exam anxiety and high achievement with exam anxiety for the College of Science and the students of the College of Art.Keywords: Intelligence, exam anxiety, High and low achievers.
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Assessing water quality and pollution origin of the Bou-Areg aquifer (north east Morocco) - Alonso, Alice; Sbaa, Mohamed; Vanclooster, Marnik (The EGU General Assembly, 2011)
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Impact of the School Based Teacher Recruitment Policy on the Distribution and Retention of Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Kenya: A case study of Nyando District - Aloo, Joash Okello; Simatwa, Enose M.W.; Nyang’ori, Ruth A. (Educational Research, 2011)
The government of Kenya introduced school based teacher recruitment policy in public secondary schools in the year 2001. This was a departure from the former supply-driven teacher recruitment program, which had been in force since the inception of Teachers Service Commission in 1967.The school based teacher recruitment system was intended to enhance teacher retention, equity in teacher distribution and efficiency in teacher recruitment practices in public secondary schools. However, the school based teacher recruitment policy has faced incessant challenges in public secondary schools in Nyando District since its inception ten years ago. Some of the challenges include poor distribution and retention of teachers in schools with allegations that the exercise is marred by irregularities and local intrigues, thus affecting efficiency of the recruitment exercise. The purpose of the study was to investigate into the implementation of school based teacher recruitment policy in public secondary schools in Nyando District. Discrepancy model was adapted to guide the study. A descriptive survey research design was used in the study. The study population consisted of 49 head teachers of public secondary schools and the Provincial Director of Education (Nyanza province). Stratified random sampling technique was used to sample 26 head teachers from 39 gazetted hardship schools and 5 head teachers from 10 non-hardship schools and thus a sample size of 31 head teachers was used in this study. Saturated sampling technique was used to select one Provincial Director of Education. Questionnaires and document analysis schedules were used to collect data from both Provincial Director of Education and head teachers; in addition in-depth interview was used to collect more information from the Provincial Director of Education. Validity and reliability of the instruments was determined before use. Quantitative data was analysed by use descriptive statistics in form of counts, frequencies and percentages. Qualitative data was analysed for content as themes and sub-themes emerged. The study established that there was disparity in distribution of subject teachers with some being evenly distributed and others being unevenly distributed contrary to the aim of the policy. However, distribution of teachers across schools was found to have improved. The study revealed that the recruitment practice was fairly efficient. The study revealed that teacher retention had slightly improved. The study concluded that the policy had not fully achieved its intended objectives and recommended that the policy be reviewed from time to time to enable it to address the emerging issues. The findings of this study will help the policy makers at Ministry of Education to develop recruitment framework that is effective and efficient.
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Bullying behaviour among secondary school students in the Benin metropolis of Nigeria - Aluede, Oyaziwo; Fajoju, Samuel Adeleke (Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 2011)
openalex: W1836062072 mag: 1836062072
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Egyptian and U.S. Parent Attitudes Regarding Adapted Physical Activities (APA) for Children with Disabilities - Aly, Ezzeldin R.; DiRocco, Patrick; Elmahdy, Sherin (The international journal of health, wellness & society, 2011)
openalex: W2493872552 mag: 2493872552
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Current issues and trends in Nigerian higher education - Amadi, Martha Nkechinyere (2011)
openalex: W3178118751 mag: 3178118751
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Supporting Learning in the Digital Age：E-learning Strategies for NOUN （National Open University of Nigeria） - Amadi; Martha; Nkechinyere (美中教育评论：B, 2011)
openalex: W3140593910 mag: 3140593910
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Summary report on training workshop of the newly elected mayors in Niger - Amadou, Djibo (2011)
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The Situation and Solutions of Institutional and Community-Based Rehabilitation for Persons With Mental and Physical Disabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa - Amalu, MN; Amalu, U. C. (Annals of Modern Education, 2011)
In the far past, disabled persons (children and adults alike) were totally excluded from regular schools. Disabled persons were often placed in institutions that provided little, if any, education. However, there has been a gradual transformation from the initial cruel attitudes to more relatively acceptable dispositions and finally the era of special education. In spite of the establishment of special education schools, denial of the rights of the disabled persons has continued unabating in the society. Thus, the situation and solutions of institutional and community based rehabilitation for persons with mental and physical disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa are examined in this paper. Special Education is one major aspect of formal education, as old as the history of informal education, but which is dedicated to the education of persons (children and adults) who have learning difficulty because of different sorts of handicaps or disabilities. The challenge to the various governments in sub-Saharan Africa now are the dwindling qualities of services and the growing disparity between services rendered by Institution based rehabilitation (IBR) centres and the Community based Rehabilitation (CBR) centres, both, institutions established to cater for the welfare of the disabled persons. A visit to any of the centres in the region, regardless of the country and the model, reveals a litany of constraints and problems encountered by the institutions per se and by all categories of staff, teaching and non-teaching. Both the institution-based and community-based rehabilitation centres now epitomize symbols of “hopes, promises and fantasies that never materialized” particularly for the children and adults inmates in these centres. The problems are many. Suffice to say that at present, the situation of institution and community-based Rehabilitation centres for the mentally and physically disabled persons in sub-Saharan Africa are as despicable and deplorable. Finding solutions to the challenges of institutions and community based organizations for persons with mental and physical disabilities in countries of sub-Saharan Africa will involve behaviours and attitudes change on the part of the people. It will necessitate adaptation of appropriate technologies for facilitating disabled persons’ mobility, speech and hearing and reasoning problems, making the technologies available, accessible and affordable and providing regulatory climate governing the release and use of such technology products. It will involve also disease prevention and control strategies, capacity building, modifying classroom environments, using newly developed innovative aids, and involvement of all stakeholders in decision making and execution and finally, combining the strategy of combining adequate financial support (AFS) and sustained sharing of ideologies and resources (SIR) by both IBRs and CBRs. These would be most beneficial, but only, and only if the finances, ideologies and resources meant for the mentally and physically disabled persons reach them appropriately, in time and at appropriate centres.
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Postoperative Surgical Site Bacterial Infections and Drug Susceptibility Patterns at Gondar University Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia - Amare, Bemnet; Abdurrahman, Zeki; Moges, Beyene; Ali, Jemal (Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology, 2011)
The study aimed to determine the prevalence, etiological agents and drug susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens isolated from postoperative surgical site infections and hospital environment in Gondar University Teaching Hospital. Specimens were taken from patients with post operative surgical site infections seen at wards and from hospital environment. Specimens were processed for bacteriological analysis and antibiotic susceptibility test according standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for isolated organisms was done using disk diffusion method. Of 111 pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli 27 (24.3%), Staphylococcus aureus 26 (23.4%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci 22 (19.8%) and Enterobacter spp. 11 (9.9%) were dominant isolates. The prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus was 9 (34.6%). Seventeen (77.3%) and 1 (4.5%) of coagulase negative Staphylococcus were methicillin and vancomycin resistant, respectively. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 41 (41.8%), S. aureus 19 (19.4%) and P. aeruginosa 16 (16.3%) were the major isolates from 75 sites of the hospital environment with an isolation rate of 41 (54.7%). The prevalence of methicillin resistant S.aureus from the environment was 2 (2.0%). High level of multi-drug resistance was observed in bacteria isolates from patients compared to the bacteria isolated from the hospital environments. This study demonstrated high level of multi-drug resistance. Thus, antibiotic sensitivity testing should be carried out for all bacterial isolates of surgical wounds before chemotherapy administered to detect drug resistant strains.
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Power relations and adaptive capacity : Exploring gender relations in climate change adaptation and coping within small-scale farming in western Kenya - Ambjörnsson, Emmeline Laszlo (2011)
Climate adaptation is an important and necessary response to global climate change.Numerous studies show that adaptive capacity is shaped by cultural and social determinants.Gender relations are an ...
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A case study of the implementation of science process skills for grades 4 to 7 learners in natural sciences in a South African primary school - Ambross, Johannes Nikolaas (2011)
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Community survey of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder among primary school pupils in Benin City, Nigeria - Ambuabunos, EA; Ofovwe, EG; Ibadin, MO (Annals of African Medicine, 2011)
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neuro-developmental condition with early onset. ADHD affects children worldwide. However, there is a variation in the prevalence across different countries. In Nigeria, there is paucity of information on the prevalence. To provide the relevant information, a cross-sectional study was conducted between February and August 2006 among 1473 public primary school pupils aged 6-12 years selected systematically among pupils in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. Materials and Methods: All the 1473 pupils were screened with the Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) Rating Scale to identify children who had ADHD symptoms as contained in the DSM -IV. Such children were compared with randomly selected controls. The academic records of both the groups were also compared. Results: The prevalence of ADHD was 7.6%. The prevalence was higher in boys (9.4%) when compared to girls (5.5%) (P = 0.003). Of the three different subtypes of ADHD, the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I) was the most prevalent (47.3% of the ADHD population) followed by the combined type (ADHD-C; 31.3%), while the least prevalent was the hyperactive/impulsive subtype (ADHD-HI; 21.4%). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of ADHD amongst the different age cohorts.Conclusion: The prevalence of ADHD was relatively high when compared to the figures available for other countries. For this reason, there is a need to pay increased attention to this condition in Nigeria. Community screening under the umbrella of the School Health Program could be of assistance.
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The Impact of Training and Facilitation of Farmers in Livestock Rearing and Farmer’s Experiences of the Livestock Development Program in Kamuli, Uganda - Ampaire, Agatha; Rothschild, Max F. (2011)
For several years Iowa State University’s Center for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (CSRL) has conducted a livestock development program in Uganda by giving animals and training very poor farmers in animal management. A study was carried out by interviewing 113 farmers to determine the impact of the program. A total of 40(G1) farmers had received considerable facilitation and training, 33(G2) had received some facilitation and less training, and 39(G3) had not received any facilitation or special training. Data were analyzed using standard statistics. Results indicated that members of G1 performed better than members of G2 and G3 on several measures including they had fewer sick pigs in the 6 months preceding the study (P<0.05), they had sold more animals (P<0.01), and they felt that their households consumed enough livestock products (P<0.01). These results demonstrate that training and facilitating farmers had a positive impact on their livelihoods and nutrition.
openalex: W7001703 mag: 7001703
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Child education in Nigeria: Hindrances and legal solutions - Amuda, Yusuff Jelili (Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2011)
Nigerian children are facing problems in their educational career due to their parents’ inability to take care for them because of their separation as husband and wife, and the ineffectiveness of Nigerian government. The major hindrance that is obstructing child education in Nigeria is uncontrollable corruption that rampant among Nigerian leaders. This is strongly affecting the standard of education across the nation. Therefore, this paper will examine and discuss the legal provisions provided for a child to have access to education under Nigerian laws and causes of educational hindrances in Nigeria. The standard of education in Nigeria, facilities, and quality of teacher would also be examined in the paper. The study will apply qualitative and quantitative methods. The paper closes by enunciating useful suggestions as solutions to the child education hindrances in Nigeria in the best interest of children and nation at large.
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Influence of Socio-Cultural and school-based factors on girls' dropout in Secondary school in Teso District, Kenya - Amuduki, Leticia (2011)
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Comparative Analysis of Reasons for Academic Cheating Using (ICT) Devices Among Science Students in Colleges of Education in Nigeria: Implication for Science Educations and School Counselling - Amusan, A.O.; Eyiowuawi, S.A.; null, null; null, null (Academic leadership (Murfreesboro, Tenn.), 2011)
Education in the opinion of (Akindutire, 2010) is regarded by many as the key that unlocks thedevelopment of personal and national potentials of individuals including their rights and powers.However, (Abdulkareem, 2010) sees it as the best legacy a nation can provide for its citizenry, as itensures a relative permanent change in the thinking perspective of the individual to commitment anddevelopment of the immediate environment. It is the light, without which the whole world would be indarkness, as it also serves as the basis of scientific and technological breakthrough and modernity,which have made all nations of the world accord immense priority to it, even though the levels of priorityrange from one country to another. (Balogun, 2010).
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A Case Study of “Quality Matters: Free Primary Education in Kenya”, - Amwayi, Olive Shitanda (2011)
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Managing Hypertension In Heart Failure Patients In A Teaching Hospital In Ghana - Anane, Charles; Mensah; Isaac, Owusu (The Internet journal of cardiovascular research, 2011)
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Dropping Out of School in Southern Ghana: The Push-out and Pull-out Factors. - Ananga, Eric Daniel (2011)
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Teacher Ethics in the Curriculum of Teacher Education in Tanzania - Anangisye, William A. L. (2011)
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Why are Teachers Motivated to Behave Unprofessionally? A Qualitative-Data-Based-Inquiry on Education Stakeholders’ Experiences in Tanzania - Anangisye, William A. L. (Lwati: a journal of contemporary research, 2011)
Scholars and practitioners agree that teaching and/or education can be generally prone to widespread abuse. This paper investigates the education professionals’ account of professional misconduct in the education and/or teaching sector in Tanzania. It draws on the qualitative data generated from interviews, observations and documentary reviews. The informants for this study were teachers, teacher-trainees, officers from the Tanzania Teachers’ Union and school inspectors. The study findings confirm that social, economic, political, academic, traditional and cultural, as well technological forces account for teachers’ misconduct in Tanzania. The paper, however, concludes that the accounts advanced by educational professional informants to explain teaching malpractices and immoral behaviour among teachers in Tanzania are not justifiable on moral grounds and professional etiquette. Keywords : Educational professionals, Qualitative data inquiry, Teacher misdemeanours, Tanzania LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research , 8(1), 1-23, 2011
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Comparative Education for Africa: Perspective from Students’ Perceptions of and Motivations for Studying Comparative Education - Anangisye, William A. L.; Wolhuter, Charl C.; O’Sullivan, Mary (Papers in Education and Development, 2011)
In view of the North-American-Western European hegemony in education and contemporary curriculum theory, which prescribes an input by students as clients, the authors from two African countries, South Africa and Tanzania, surveyed their students about what they expected to gain from a Comparative Education course, and contrasted that with the expectations of students of a European country, Ireland. The comparison revealed startling divergences. Whereas the Irish students’ main expectation was that their Comparative Education course would prepare them for a teaching job abroad, the South African students looked to their Comparative Education course to enlighten the domestic education reform project and to improve their teaching strategies, while the Tanzanian students had a purely intellectual view of the subject— wanting Comparative Education to contribute to their intellectual moulding and development. The authors relate these differences to contextual differences between Ireland, South Africa and Tanzania, and conclude that contextual factors should be taken into account, when developing Comparative Education courses for universities in Africa.
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Science Academic Self-Efficacy, Science Grades, Socioeconomic Status, and Racial Identity Within African American Middle School Students - Anderson, Alicia; Freeman, Kimberley Edelin; Winston, Cynthia E. (2011)
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Africa's policy on climate change: the challenge to implementation in Kenya - Anditi, Noreen A (2011)
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“Traditional healers and modern doctors do not understand each other because they learn different things” South African traditional health practitioners training with regards to hearing impairment - Andrade, Víctor (International Journal of Health Promotion and Education, 2011)
Abstract Traditional health practitioners offer a variety of interventions for people who choose traditional health practice services. Hearing impairment, which may cause significant difficulties in communication, employment and learning, is a condition for which people consult with traditional health practitioners in South Africa. The training undergone by traditional health practitioners sets the tone for the types of intervention for persons with hearing loss. As there is a paucity of literature in this area, 15 traditional health practitioners were interviewed about the training they had undergone and more specifically with regards to hearing loss. The content thematic analysis which was conducted on the interview transcripts revealed that the training of traditional health practitioners has a significant supernatural component which includes a spiritual possession through which the ancestors pass on the inspired knowledge on how to assess and treat clients. The calling to become a traditional health practitioner is reportedly a divine vocation and cannot be refused. During their apprenticeships, traditional health practitioners learn to interpret the dreams sent by the ancestors and learn to hone their skills in the identification of appropriate treatments for hearing loss. The findings of this study suggest the need for open communication between traditional and modern health care providers so that traditional and allopathic health practitioners can learn from each other so as to provide an effective and appropriate intervention for their clients.
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The contributions of expectancy value theory and special education status to reading achievement of African American adolescents - Andrusik, Katryna (2011)
Title of dissertation: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF EXPECTANCY VALUE THEORY AND SPECIAL EDUCATION STATUS TO READING ACHIEVMENT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS Katryna Natalya Andrusik, Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Dissertation directed by: Professor Deborah L. Speece Department of Special Education In light of concerns about decreased academic motivation among adolescents and the subsequent lack of achievement, particularly among African American students and those with learning disabilities, this study examined adolescent motivation for academic achievement and future course enrollment intentions. Expectancy-value motivation has been extensively explored with European American adolescents without learning disabilities; the associated constructs of this theory are positively correlated with GPA, classroom-based assessments, and future course enrollment and employment. Limitations of the extant literature included homogeneous samples, limited reliability and validity of academic achievement measures, and a lack of control of extraneous variables. Using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, I found that the expectancies for success/perceived ability, importance value, and intrinsic value latent factor models of expectancy-value motivation for a sample of urban African American adolescents do not differ from those for their European American peers; however, the constructs themselves have different relationships with the two dependent variables, reading achievement on a standardized assessment and future enrollment intentions. Motivation latent factors did not predict reading achievement when SES, prior achievement, and gender were in the analysis. However, all motivation constructs were significant predictors when enrollment intentions constituted the dependent variable. Additionally, the IEP reading goal variable (learner status) was not a significant predictor of either dependent variable. These results are discussed in light of the limitations of the study. Finally, areas for further research are suggested. THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF EXPECTANCY VALUE THEORY AND SPECIAL EDUCATION STATUS TO READING ACHIEVMENT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS by Katryna Natalya Andrusik Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2011
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Measuring Household Vulnerability in the Context of Poverty Education: Evidence from Uganda - Angemi, Diego (Social Science Research Network, 2011)
While it has long been demonstrated (Rosenzweig and Binswanger, 1993; Banerjee and Newman, 1994) that considerations of risk and uncertainty are key to understand the dynamics leading to and perpetuating poverty, it is only recently that policy makers have taken a more active interest in trying to incorporate considerations of risk and vulnerability into their strategies to reduce poverty (Christiaensen and Subbarao, 2001). The aim of this paper is to quantify the severity of vulnerability by generating the first quantitative assessment of vulnerability in Uganda, a country at the forefront of poverty analysis. The findings support the hypothesis that during the past decade, alongside sharp reductions in poverty, vulnerability to poverty in Uganda declined from 57% in 1992/93 to 25% in 1999/00. Such results highlight the importance for policy makers to distinguish between the effective implementation of poverty-prevention and poverty-reduction programmes.
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Climate change adaptation and food insecurity in Maradi District - Niger - Anta, Cheikh (2011)
In Maradi district (Niger), more than 80% of the population is composed of farmers practicing a rain fed agriculture. However, because of climate variability and changes, rainfall has become uncertain, either coming too early, too late, too
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Educating for democratic citizenship: An analysis of the role of teachers in implementing civic education policy in Madagascar - Antal, Carrie (2011)
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Influence of headteachers' personal characteristics on pupils' performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education, Naivasha District, Kenya - Anyanga, Martin O (2011)
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Influence of fishing related activities on pupils' participation in primary school education: a case of beaches in West Karachuonyo Division, Kenya - Anyango, Joseph A (2011)
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Influence of Social Background on Motivation in Second Language Learning: the Case Study of Two Secondary Schools in Port Harcourt Municipality, Nigeria - Anyanwu, Ogbonna; Ugorji, Nneoma; Ekpo, Golden (2011)
This study aimed at examining the influence of social background on motivation in second language learning with special focus on two secondary schools, Akpor Grammar School and the University of Port Harcourt Demonstration Secondary School both in Port Harcourt municipality, Nigeria. The population used for this study covers all the Senior Secondary Three (SS3) students of both Akpor Grammar School and the University of Port Harcourt Demonstration Secondary School. The selection of this sample population was by random. The research instrument used for the generation of data was structuced questionnaire. Our findings indeed reveal that motivation is very crucial in second language learning and that one's social background plays a very significant role to enhance his motivation in learning a second language. The Learning of a second language can be greatly enhanced by the right and adequate kind of motivation and motivation itself can be affected by factors such as age, personal interest, teaching method, learning situation and availability of learning materials, status, sex, etc.
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Implications of Global Climate Change for Food Systems and Food Security in Sub – Saharan Africa: A Review - Anyoha, NO; Chikaire, J.; Ajah, OO; Henri–Ukoha, A. (International Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Systems, 2011)
Climate change is real, and its first impacts are already being felt. It will first affect the people and food systems that are already vulnerable, geographically. This is true because mean global temperatures have been increasing since about 1850, mainly owing to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The main causes are the burning of fossil fuels (coals, oil and gas) to meet increasing energy demand, and the spread of intensive agriculture to meet increasing food demand, often accompanied by deforestation. Generally, food system performance today depends more on climate than it did hundreds of years ago. The possible impacts of climate change on food security have tended to be viewed with most concern in locations where rainfed agriculture is still the primary source of food and income. This viewpoint is shortsighted, as it does not take into account other potentially significant impacts that climate change could have on the global food system, and particularly on market prices. These impacts include those on the water and energy used in food processing, cold storage, transport and intensive production, and those on food itself, reflecting higher market values for land and water. With aid of available literature and information from the web this paper takes a broader view and explores the multiple effects that global warming and climate change could have on food systems and food security. It also suggests strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change in several key policy domains of importance for food security. Keywords: Climate change, global warming, temperature, food security, food system
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English Language Assessment in the Algerian Middle and Secondary Schools: A Context Evaluation. - Aouine, Akli (2011)
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STUDENTS' GENDER AND NUMERICAL PROFICIENCY IN SECONDARY SCHOOL PHYSICS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA - Apata, Funke Susan (2011)
This study investigated the influence of students' gender on numerical proficiency in secondary school physics in kwara state. Eighty one coeducational secondary schools were selected using purposive sampling technique. Numerical Proficiency Test comprised of questions in practical physics and physics theory was administered to secondary school III physics students in each of the schools. The test lasted for 2hr 40min. sampled students of 405 males and 405 females were involved. Data collected were subjected to t-test. Two null hypotheses formed were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Results show that males had higher numerical proficiency than their female counterparts in physics theory. Similar trend was observed for physics practical. It was concluded that male students perform better than the female students in numerical proficiency in secondary school physics.
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Lingering Failure of Sanitation and Growing City Pollutions in the Urban Areas of Nigeria: An Assessment Study of Major Cities of South-western Nigeria - Apata, O.M. (2011)
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERCEPTION AND CHOICE OF ADAPTATION MEASURES TO CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG FARMERS IN NIGERIA - Apata, Temidayo Gabriel (2011)
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Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Nigerian Agriculture and Adaptation Strategies Response among Farming Households in Nigeria - Apata; Agboola; Kehinde; Sanusi, . (农业科学与技术, 2011)
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Perception and behaviour on use of sanitary pads during menstruation among adolescent school girls in Bayelsa State, Nigeria - Apiyanteide, F. A (2011)
The Knowledge of perception and behaviour on the us e of sanitary pads during menstruation among adolescents of school age is a vital aspect o f health education. The study was carried out among 140 school girls, It investigated perception as well as behaviour on the use of sanitary pads during menstruation. Specific objectives were tailored to determine adolescent girls’ perception on the use of sanitary pads during menstruation and al so to assess their behaviour on using sanitary pads for menstrual hygiene. Girls we re selected by cross-sectional population survey of educational institutions, 56 from primary school and 84 from junior secondary school within the age group of 10-20 years were given ques tionnaires to gather data for analysis. The results show that of the 140 girls studied, 64.3% o f the girls used sanitary pads, 62.3 % had positive self perception on use of sanitary pads fo r hygiene purposes while 67.1% felt satisfied as well as good and nice as it boosted their self-conf idence, although 66.4% perceived it as expensive. However, there seems to be a behavioural change on use of sanitary pads with 66.4% as well as being positive; enabling a majority (52. 1%) to attend classes normally at school. The conclusion from this study is that 66.3% of the ado lescent girls of Niger Delta area, Bayelsa state, Nigeria had positive perception on use of sa nitary pads; 67.1% have perception that was satisfying, good, and nice on use of sanitary pads, boosting self-confidence though expensive for 64.4%. , thus leading to a behavioural change that is positive. This study therefore recommends the use of sanitary pads among adolescent school gi rls to be monitored and taught at schools to prevent infectious diseases as well as to bridge th e gap with the training at home by mothers and other sources of information.
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PUBLIC VIEWS ON TEACHERS' EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY OF KUMASI METROPOLITAN DIRECTORATE OF GHANA EDUCATION SERVICE - Appiah, Linda (2011)
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'Difficulties and Solutions of Teaching Translation at Gaza Strip Universities 'Palestine' - Aqad, Mohammed H. M. Al (2011)
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Quality of Teachers and Students Performance: Evidence from Schools in Ibadan Metropolis in Nigeria - Aregbeyen, Omo (2011)
The dramatic effects that teachers have on students' achievement are largely undisputed. Empirically, a number of studies have shown that the quality of teachers is strongly related to students' performance. This study presents evidence on this issue with a sample of 400 students and 200 teachers from 40 purposively selected secondary schools in Ibadan metropolis in Nigeria. These schools were categorized into four as public elite schools; public non-elite schools; private elite schools and private non-elite schools. A composite measure of the quality of the teachers covering qualification, experience, patience, creativity, and communication skills was utilized. The students' performance was measured by their scores in the two compulsory subjects of English Language and Mathematics in the general school leaving certificate examination. The empirical methodology combined descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The results suggest that the observed variations in the students' performance across the four categories of the schools are significantly explained by the differences in the quality of the teachers.
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TEACHER TRAINING IMPLICATIONS OF GENDER AND COMPUTER SELF EFFICACY FOR TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN NIGERIAN SCHOOLS. - Aremu, Ayotola; Fasan, Olaide (2011)
This paper argues for planned, research based and systematic training of teachers for technology use in Nigerian schools to ensure effective training that would translate into appropriate use. Systematic and research based planning involves investigating factors that could affect technology use and by teachers. This study investigated two of such factorsgender and self efficacy. Five hundred and eighty nine teachers were asked to indicate their belief in their capability in the use of computers. T –test statistics analysis showed that the computer self efficacy was average for most of the teachers though female teachers have higher Computer self efficacy than male teachers.
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Incidence Of Child Labour Among Secondary School Students In Benin Metropolis Of Edo State, Nigeria - Arhedo, FO; Aluede, Oyaziwo; Arhedo, PA (2011)
Incidence of child labour among secondary school students in Benin Metropolis of Edo state Nigeria was investigated. The study adopted the survey design. A total of 755 students participated in the study. The questionnaire titled Child Labour and School Attendance Inventory was used to gather data for this study. Results indicated among others as follows: 278 respondents representing 36.8% were engaged in at least one form of child labour. Of these, 197 (70.86 %) of them are involved in domestic servitude; 46 (16.55%) of them are involved in hawking and the remaining 35 (12.59%) of them are involved in both hawking and domestic servitude. Based on the findings, it is strongly recommended that governments should enact laws to protect the rights of the child and there should also be public enlightenment, which can be carried out through the media, rallies and workshops to save this generation of the upsurge of child labour.Key Words: Child Labour, School Activities, School success, Child Abuse
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Factors Influencing Secondary School Teacher Transfer Requests in Suba District, Kenya: Analytical Assessment - Ariko, Collins Oliver; Simatwa, Enose M.W. (Educational Research, 2011)
High rate of teacher mobility impacts negatively on school improvement efforts for it disrupts the stability and continuity of teaching. Therefore, the Kenya government is committed to staffing all public schools with teachers and reducing teacher transfers by offering enhanced salaries and allowances. Suba district is one of those districts where hardship allowances are offered to teachers. A bonding policy which restricts newly recruited teachers from transferring before the end of five years has also been put in place since 2001. Despite these measures, secondary school teacher transfer requests in Suba District had been the highest at about 16.5% while national average teacher transfer requests were estimated at 10.9%. For instance, out of the 38 newly recruited secondary school teachers since 2001 whose bonding period had not elapsed, 26% of them had already applied for transfers by December 2005. These figures were high and above the national annual average of 5% (2,000 out of 40,000 post-primary teachers) transfer requests. Therefore, this study investigated the factors that influenced secondary school teacher transfer requests in Suba District. The study employed a descriptive survey design. The socioeconomic and environmental factors linked to teacher transfer requests included accessibility, location of schools, availability of opportunities for further studies, electricity as well as housing. Teacher-related variables included teachers’ family ties, teachers’ background, and teachers’ age. Factors associated with students included students’ rural catchment area, class sizes and students’ socio-economic backgrounds. Management factors encompassed availability of opportunities for teacher promotion due to less professional contact and support, opportunities for teacher recognition, collegial treatment and availability of induction or mentoring programs. The findings of the study are significant in that they exposed the problems that hindered teacher retention in Suba District secondary schools.
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ROLE OF NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (NFE) UNDER UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION UBE LAW IN NIGERIA - Arikpo, Arikpo B. (2011)
The successful implementation of NFE programmes under UBE law is structural in nature. The Non-Formal Education programme in Nigeria under the law does not have training structures which both staff, learners and other key stakeholders could enter into freely and carryout their legitimate duties. The buildings and premises used for NonFormal Education Programmes, are essentially hired from other organizations or individuals on temporary basis. Both the instructors and learners function on part- time basis, which tends to affect the administrative staff effectiveness.
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Adult Education for Effective Resource Management in the Multi-ethnic Nigerian Environment - Arikpo, Arikpo B.; Akpama, Simon Ibor; Essien, Cecilia Kori; Bullem, Anthony G. (The International journal of diversity in organisations, communities and nations, 2011)
AbstractResources may be defined as factors of production. The objective of any production effort is to either manufacture a good, or render a service, essentially needed by someone else. In order to produce, management, which is the art of; planning, or organizing, directing, controlling and coordinating resources, must be involved. Resources refer to the 5Ms of management; namely; men/women, money, machines, materials and methods. Effective resource management therefore, requires the appropriate management of the 5Ms, so as to achieve desired goals. In resource management, human resource is seen as very important. We may have money, sophisticated machinery, high quality materials, land with most precious minerals, unless we have the right quantity and quality of human resources, (obtained through adult education) real development and progress will be impossible to attain. Adult education uses initial skills and updates knowledge to enable the product to become a more dynamic vessel and instrument as far as human resource development is concerned. Human resource development is the totality of the effort and cost involved in the massive upgrading of productive capacity of people through skills training and retaining for adaptation relevant in one’s task. In Nigeria, with its population of about 150 million people, made up of over 350 ethnic groups, it could be impossible to manage such people without adult education, since we must feel concerned about how; we treat them, use them in terms of functions assigned and how we train them to perform such functions. Consequently, the focus of this paper was to describe and recommend some conceptual and practical methods relevant in the management of human resources in the multi-ethnic Nigerian environment. The approach which is recommended, would among others gains, reduce unemployment and related social vices which have been obstacles to real development in Nigeria.
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Climate Change, Athreat To Cultural Development In Africa: Theatre To The Rescue - Arinde, Tayo Simeon (Journal Of Integrative Humanism Ghana, 2011)
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A CAUSAL MODEL OF SOME SCHOOL FACTORS AS DETERMINANTS OF NIGERIAN SENIOR SECONDARY STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN PHYSICS - Ariyo, Akinyele Oyetunde; Jonathan-Ibeagha, E. (INTED2011 Proceedings, 2011)
openalex: W41367285 mag: 41367285
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Climate change, agriculture and food security in Tanzania - Arndt, Channing; Farmer, William; Strzepek, Kenneth; Thurlow, James (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2011)
The consequences of climate change for agriculture and food security in developing countries are of serious concern. Due to their reliance on rain-fed agriculture, both as a source of income and consumption, many low-income countries are considered to be the most vulnerable to climate change. This paper estimates the impact of climate change on food security in Tanzania. Representative climate projections are used in calibrated crop models to predict crop yield changes for 110 districts in the country. The results are in turn imposed on a highly-disaggregated, recursive dynamic economy-wide model of Tanzania. The authors find that, relative to a no-climate-change baseline and considering domestic agricultural production as the principal channel of impact, food security in Tanzania appears likely to deteriorate as a consequence of climate change. The analysis points to a high degree of diversity of outcomes (including some favorable outcomes) across climate scenarios, sectors, and regions. Noteworthy differences in impacts across households are also present both by region and by income category.
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Utilization of Instructional Materials by Primary School Teachers in the Mid Western Schools in Nigeria - Aroghene, Imonivwerha Philomena; Adams, O. Ekwevugbe; Comfort, O. Okandeji (Journal on Educational Technology, 2011)
Inadequate use of instructional materials in our primary schools may be responsible for the crises in the schools due to which some pupils do not understand various concepts and this has incapacitated them from meeting the society's developmental needs. This study looked at the utilization of instructional materials by primary school teachers in the Mid Western Schools in Nigeria. A tool to assess the utilization of instructional materials (UIMQ) was administered on the 240 sampled teachers. The findings of the study revealed that qualification, working experience and gender of the teacher had significant influence on the utilization of instructional material. The paper has also made some recommendations on how teachers’ can be motivated to use more instructional materials.
openalex: W2261130554 mag: 2261130554
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Continuities in crisis : everyday practices of disaster response and climate change adaptation in Mozambique - Artur, Luís (2011)
Mozambiqueis a poor country located in the South-East coast of Africa. Due to its prevailing poverty and geographical location along the coastline of the Indian Ocean, and downstream of major regional rivers, the country experiences, in average, one disaster of great magnitude every year (triggered by floods, cyclones and drought) and ranks third in global weather damage. This has led, over years, to a massive deployment of aid. The need for aid is indeed taken for granted without questioning how local actors (i.e. local people) perceive and act upon both, disasters and aid, in building their livelihoods. This thesis looks at the everyday practices of disaster response by local people, government, donors and (I)NGOs in Mozambique. The major conclusion that I draw from the present thesis is that disaster management in Mozambique involves the crafting of continuities in crisis by the different actors involved. It can be stated that for poor people ‘normal life’ can hardly be disentangled from the exceptionalities of disaster situations. I found that people seek continuity in their livelihoods once disasters happen in institutions and their lives, that is, they do not wait for aid to (re)start their lives nor disasters crash completely their capacity to respond. Second, crises allow the continuity of humanitarianism- a deep political, economic and moral endeavor. Crafting continuities in crisis is, ultimately, what makes societies to move.
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Resilience and vulnerability in the face of potential climate change: The case of Sudan (abstract of oral presentation delivered by Edmund Asare) - Asare, Edmund; Luukkanen, Olavi; Kanninen, Markku (2011)
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Have child friendly schools improved girls education in Rwanda: a case study approach - Asemota, O. O.; Randell, Shirley (2011)
openalex: W2301563635 mag: 2301563635
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Breeding for drought tolerance by integrative design: the case of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Ethiopia - Asfaw, Asrat (2011)
Keywords: Decentralized breeding, drought stress, farmer preference, genetic diversity, participatory variety selection, population structure, quantitative trait loci Drought stress is the most important limitation facing crops now and in the future. This makes improving adaptation to drought stress a major objective of crop breeding. Breeding efforts in common bean developed drought tolerant genotypes but the genetics and preferences of farmers for drought tolerance are largely un-studied. This study assessed genetic, physiological and social aspects of drought tolerance in common bean breeding. More specifically the study was envisioned as developing common bean varieties with increased levels of drought tolerance in farmers’ preferred grain typesfor southern Ethiopia. Multiple approaches that combine laboratory, greenhouse and field level analysis with participatory experimentation deploying tools in the biological and social science arenas were used. The findings demonstrate that farmer use and management of common bean seed and varieties in southern Ethiopia are characterized by varying conditions, varying practices and the dynamics of a changing climate and market. Farmers recognize that climate is changing but only half of them have adapted some of the cropping practices. Marginality of production ecology related with climate change, market dynamics, cropping system and culinary preferences make common bean farming at farmer level a series of moving targets that are problematic for a drought breeding program to hit simultaneously. Moreover, exposure to new variety types influence farmers’ preferences. In addition to this diversity in production environments and variation in farmers’ preferences, the plant’s response to drought stress is complex and diverse. Targeting specific plant responses to target areas is a difficult challenge for common bean breeders as shown by the quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. But, this study has generated information for specific qualitative and quantitative targets in the breeding design. These include: 1) farmers’ preferences are not static nor are they consistent across gender, location, individual and co-evolve with exposure; 2) original differences in introduced germplasm from the primary centers of domestication were the base for East African common bean diversity and there are distinct germplasms at national or regional level; 3)the relevance of continued photosynthate accumulation as a trait for common bean drought tolerance; 4) root based QTL can be identified but may not be compatible with yield related traits although their selection can benefit from tightly linked markers; 5) only a few major QTLs with high QTL×E interaction were detected whereas a large proportion of genetic variance remained unexplained by the QTLs for traits related to drought avoidance, photosynthate accumulation and (re)mobilization, highlighting the difficulty in detecting QTL in drought studies in common bean; and 6) exposing farmers to new drought-tolerant variety types makes them aware of drought selection traits and creates new market niches for new products. Hence, more drought-tolerant common bean genotypes for a range of farmer conditions, markets and preferences can only be developed on the basis of an integrated understanding of farmers’ production conditions, existing seed system practices and different physiological processes that regulate drought tolerance in the plant. In general, the results from the present work contribute to integrative breeding strategies that incorporate participatory, physiology and marker-aided selection to breed new varieties of drought-tolerant common bean that combine a range of mechanisms in farmers’ preferred grain types.
openalex: W1504189683 mag: 1504189683
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Gender Representation in Communication Education and Practice In Nigeria - Ashong, Ashong C (Lwati: a journal of contemporary research, 2011)
In Nigeria, and perhaps many countries in Africa and the world, gender may neither be equally represented nor fairly portrayed in communication education and practice. This makes finding answers to the following questions critical: What is the participation of women and men in communication training and education in Nigeria? What is the involvement of men and women in the media of mass communication? A survey of the communications training institutions and industry provides the answers. The discourse is anchored on the hegemonic masculinity theory and the agenda setting hypothesis. Its thesis is that gender sensitivity in communication scholarship and artistry is germane to the realization of human rights, alleviation of poverty, and other millennium development goals. The conclusion and position of this paper is that for communication educators and practitioners to add significant value to the ideal of gender justice in Africa, they must cast off the toga of masculine hegemony; and thereby position themselves as major change agents and advocates of gender equity. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research , 8(2), 56-71, 2011
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An investigation into the teaching of extemporaneous compounding skills to pharmacy students in schools of pharmacy in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom - Aspden, Trudi; Rew, Anne; Anderson, Claire; Tan, Jerry; Woodrow, R.; Zheng, Yuanna (2011)
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Higher Education as an African Public Sphere and the University as a Site of Resistance and Claim of Ownership for the National Project - Assié-Lumumba, N’Drı Thérèse (Africa Development, 2011)
Throughout the African continent, albeit a product of imperial domination, every state at independence conceived a national project, which aimed at building a nation-state with a clearly articulated development agenda. Education as a social institution was considered requisite toward the actualisation of the national project. The sub-sector of higher education, and particularly the university, appeared as an indispensable agency. Given the general colonial policy of exclusion of Africans from university education, the right of African states to build their national/public universities epitomised self-determination at independence. The independence movements in the 1950s-1960s coincided also with the regained popularity of human capital theory that stipulated that education, especially the highest levels, constituted an investment for individual socio-economic attainment and social mobility as well as national and structural development. From its inception, the Western style of university that was conceived out of the colonial experience represented a special site for contention and affirmation of the Africans to realize their national projects. In the context of globalisation, international organisations and programmes such as the World Bank and General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) have emerged as proxies of the old colonial powers with the same goal of influencing the policies that restrict or shape higher education in African countries. Key constituencies of African universities, namely students and teaching staff, have resisted such infringement on Africans’ rights to university education and autonomy in determining their domestic policies. The main objective of this article is to analyse the evolution of the African university as a site for the continued struggle for self-determination. It will be argued that, in spite of the history of a few institutions
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IMPACT OF THE NAMIBIAN EDUCATIONAL LANGUAGE POLICY: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF GRADE TEN LEARNERS IN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE ACROSS THE KHOMAS REGION BETWEEN THE YEARS 2007 AND 2010 - Aston, Nicholas Stewart (2011)
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Implications of Climate Change on Cultural Tourism in the Maasai Land, Tanzania - Asubisye, Edwin; Lema, Godwin; Lwoga, Noel Biseko (2011)
openalex: W2309911087 mag: 2309911087
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Basal Cell Carcinoma: Experience in a Teaching Hospital, Calabar-South Nigeria - Asuquo, Maurice E.; Otei, Otei; Victor, Nwagbara; Godwin, Ebughe; Omotoso, Ayodele (International journal of clinical medicine (Print), 2011)
Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the commonest malignancy among Caucasians in Europe, North America, and Australia.This study attempted to identify the prevalence, risk factors, and outcome of management of this problem in our region.Methods: All the patients with histologic diagnosis of BCC presenting to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar during the study period January 2000 to December 2009 were evaluated.Results: One hundred and fifty two patients (136 blacks, 16 albinos) were afflicted with skin malignancy, squamous cell carcinoma and BCC totaled 70 [SCC-62, BCC-8], and malignant melanoma (MM)-16.Of the 8 patients, (3 males and 5 females, mean age 43 years, range 21 -65 years) observed with BCC lesions, 2 (25%) were darkly pigmented and 6 (75%) were albinos.Most of the albinos who presented 3 decades before the darkly pigmented ranged in age from 21 -60 years (mean 35.7 years).The lesions afflicted the head and neck region, 9 (82%), while 2 (18%) were observed on the upper limb.All the patients had excision with satisfactory results during the period of follow up that ranged from 6 months to 3 years (mean 13 months).Conclusion: BCC is an uncommon lesion in our region.Albinism and solar radiation were identified risk factors.Most of the albinos presented 3 decades earlier than the darkly pigmented.Early institution of preventive measures, early diagnosis, and treatment would result in better outcome.
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Influence of secondary school headtechers' leadership styles on students' attitudes to Guidance and Counselling Services in Mombasa District, Kenya - Aswan, Phelecia O (2011)
openalex: W2253194832 mag: 2253194832
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The nature of geometry instruction and observed learning-outcomes opportunities in Nigerian and South African high schools - Atebe, Humphrey Uyouyo; Schäfer, Marc (African Journal of Research in Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 2011)
The purpose of this qualitative case study involving six secondary school teachers was to obtain insight into how geometry is taught in selected Nigerian and South African high schools. It also aimed, by making use of the van Hiele model of geometry instruction, to elucidate what possible learning opportunities observed instructional methods could offer learners in the subject. The sample comprised three mathematics teachers from Nigeria and three mathematics teachers from South Africa, all of whom were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Instructional activities in six geometry classrooms were recorded on videotape. The van Hiele learning phases provided the framework for data analysis. The findings of this study indicate that observed teaching methods in geometry classrooms in the participating schools offer learners scant opportunity to learn geometry. In comparative and relative terms, however, the observed instructional methods in geometry classrooms within the South African subsample offer greater opportunities for the learners to learn geometry than observed teaching methods in geometry classrooms within the Nigerian subsample. The tentative conclusion drawn is that learners whose instructional experiences align approximately with the van Hiele phases of learning demonstrate a better understanding of geometric concepts than their counterparts whose geometry classroom instructional experiences deviate significantly from the van Hiele model. Certain images of teaching evident in the videotaped lessons are discussed and some recommendations offered.
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Apparent weekly and daily earthquake periodicities in the western United States, and evolution of Wadi Kubbania in Egypt - Atef, Ali H. (PhDT, 2011)
openalex: W421463360 mag: 421463360
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Depression and coping strategies among students in the university of Ghana. - Atindanbila, Samuel; Abasimi, Edward (Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2011)
This study examined the prevalence of depression of the students at the University of Ghana, the perceived causes and the coping strategies they use. Three hundred and twelve students were drawn from Legon and Accra City Campuses of the University of Ghana through stratified sampling. A self designed questionnaire and Beck’s Depression Inventory was used to collect the data. MANOVA, ANOVA, t-test and Regression Analyses were used to analyze the results which revealed that students had mild depression and their major stressors were related to the academic load. The stressors affected mostly Level 300 students and those on Study leave. The stressors accounted for 43% of the signs of depression in them. Females had more signs of depression whilst level 400 students had the least signs. The commonly used coping strategy was the cognitive. The recommendations centred mainly on addressing academic problems and organizing stress management workshops for them.
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Depression and Coping Strategies among the Students in the University of Ghana - Atindanbila, Samuel; Abasimi, Edward (2011)
openalex: W232298624 mag: 232298624
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The Types and Occurrence of Psychosocial Problems of Distance Education (DE) Students: A Study of a University in Ghana - Atindanbila, Samuel; Azasu, EK (Journal of Business Research, 2011)
This study is aimed at finding out the occurrence and types of psychosocial problems of DE students in a university in Ghana. The d ata was collected from 190 DE students drawn from all seven centres of the selected university through a self-designed questionnaire. ANOVA, t test and regression were used to analyse the results. The results indicated that the main types of psychosocial problems reported by the students included problems of the modules, ineffective tutorials, academic, administrative and socio-economic problems. 67.9% of the students reported moderate levels, whilst 27.9% reported severe levels of psychosocial problems. There were no differences in the level of psychosocial problems in the students with regards to gender, age and centre. Level 400 students reported the highest level of psychosocial problems, followed by levels 300 and 100, with level 200 reporting the least. The predictors of psychosocial problems account for 98% of the total psychosocial problems encountered by the students. It was recommended that the authorities of the university should open counselling units in all the centres and provide the needed teaching and learning materials on a timely basis. Keywords : Distance Education, Psychosocial Problems
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The Types and Incidence of Stressors Among Students in the University of Ghana-Legon - Atindanbila, Samuel; Banyem, E. (The Academic Leadership Journal, 2011)
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The Types and Incidence of Stressors of Students in the University of Ghana-Legon - Atindanbila, Samuel; BanyenRejoice, Elma; null, null; null, null (Academic leadership (Murfreesboro, Tenn.), 2011)
Over the past two decades, theorists and researchers have consistently cited the importance ofeffective school leadership in relation to improved educational outcomes (Fullan, 2002; Hallinger &Heck, 1998; Leithwood, Jantzi, & Steinbach, 1999; Leithwood, Louis, Anderson, & Wahlstrom, 2004).The Wallace Foundation recently commissioned an exhaustive research project on the relationshipsbetween school leadership and student learning, and the authors concluded that "when principals andteachers share leadership, teachers’ working relationships with one another are stronger and studentachievement is higher" (Louis, Leithwood, Wahlstrom, & Anderson, 2010, p. 282).
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Determinants of teachers performance in public secondary schools: a case of Nyakach District, Kisumu County, Kenya - Atwalla, Syprose A (2011)
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In To Africa: Teaching Nanoscience to Undergraduates in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa - Augustine, Brian H.; Munro, Orde Q. (MRS Proceedings, 2011)
openalex: W2158277126 mag: 2158277126
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The effects of affirmative action in education on enrollment and retention of boys in secondary school in mbita District, Western Kenya - Aura, Eva Joan A (2011)
openalex: W2740124321 mag: 2740124321
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Prospective primary school Teachers' attempts to pose acceptable word problems on the addition of fractions: Some insights from South Africa and the United States of America - Austin, Pam; Carbone, Rose Elaine; Webb, Paul (African Journal of Research in Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 2011)
This research study, carried out in South Africa and the United States of America, investigated issues that may hamper prospective primary school teachers from writing acceptable problem posing scenarios involving the addition of fractions. Pre-service teachers (n=44) were asked to compose real life problems involving the addition of two fractions where the sum is greater than one. The data generated suggest that issues that hamper the writing of acceptable problem scenarios are an inability to recognise that uniform units must be used, i.e. that for units to be comparable they must be the same size and shape, that standard/formal units of measurement must be used rather than informal units, and that different units of measurement cannot be used to represent the same fractional part. Another issue is the apparent inability of some students to recognise that the sum of given fractions can be greater than one whole. Finally, the use of colloquial language and local context were considered in terms of posing appropriate word problems involving fractions.
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Expanding safe spaces, financial education, and savings for adolescent girls in Kenya - Austrian, Karen (2011)
Almost 1 billion people around the globe live in urban informal settlements, or “slums.” In Kenya, 60 percent of Nairobi’s nearly 3 million inhabitants live in slum areas characterized by high levels of poverty and HIV. Kibera is the largest of these slums. Life is particularly perilous for adolescent girls in slums, as they make their transition to adulthood. Girls are several times more likely than their male age-mates to become infected with HIV, and sexual initiation for girls often occurs in the context of violence and coercion. Poverty is a driving force behind these and other vulnerabilities. As described in Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief No. 29, the Population Council is designing interventions to expand safe spaces and build social, health, and economic assets for adolescent girls in Kenya’s urban slums. Working with two financial institution partners, the Council has developed a savings account that provides girls with a financial service specifically suited to their needs within a program model that expands access to safe spaces, strengthens social networks, and provides financial education and basic health education.
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Nursing students´knowledge of and attitudes towards female genital mutilation : a quantitative study in Ghana - Avén, Johanna; Jacobson, Christel-Anne (2011)
The topic of this study was Female Genital Mutilation, a crime against human rights and a severe problem in parts of Africa. Laws against FGM have had limited effect and nurses are faced with many ...
openalex: W60021065 mag: 60021065
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TRAINING 21 st CENTURY SURGEONS IN WEST AFRICA - Awojobi, Oluyombo A (2011)
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Perceived Effects of Political Climate on the Recreational Habit of Nigerian Students - Awopetu, Adeyemi Raphael (Lwati: a journal of contemporary research, 2011)
This study investigated the perceived effects of political climate on the recreational habit of Nigerian students; participants in the study were sampled from three Federal Universities located in three geopolitical zones in the country (North Central, South West and South-South). Six hundred (600) participants were sampled, five - hundred and twenty (520) copies of the questionnaire were used for data analysis, statistical tool of correlation co – efficient and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The results of the study show that political climate has a significant influence on the recreational habit of Nigerian students. Political violence has a significant effect on Nigerian student’s choice and preference for outdoor recreation, there is a significant difference in the attitude of Nigerian students from the three geopolitical zones to outdoor recreation. The study concludes that a positive peaceful political climate will encourage the inculcation of good recreational habit. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research , 8(4), 78-85, 2011
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Determinants of the implementation of Christian Religious Education Curriculum in public Secondary schools in Migori District, Kenya - Awuonda, Jared O (2011)
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The role of school magazines in addressing the challenges facing the youth in Kenya: a case study of school magazines published by secondary school students in Nairobi - Ayal, Mathew O (2011)
openalex: W2511251673 mag: 2511251673
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The relations between felsic and mafic volcanic rocks in continental flood basalts of Ethiopia: implication for the thermal weakening of the crust - Ayalew, Dereje (Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2011)
Abstract Sr and Nd isotopic compositions are presented for a Miocene bimodal basalt–rhyolite suite from north Shewa, central Ethiopian plateau. Whole-rock Rb–Sr isochron of the rhyolites yields an age of 20.7±2.4 Ma, marking the onset of volcanism in central Ethiopia c. 20 Ma, 10 Ma after initial magmatism in the northern Ethiopian plateau. Initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios slightly vary in the basalts as well as in the rhyolites, ranging from 0.70440 to 0.70641 and from 0.70563 to 0.70658, respectively. Initial 143 Nd/ 144 Nd ratios show significant variations in the basalts (0.51248–0.51274), but remain nearly constant in the rhyolites (0.51273–0.51278). The Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of the basalts are interpreted to reflect their derivation from Afar plume contaminated by crustal materials (up to 15% contamination). The rhyolites evolved dominantly by fractional crystallization of mantle-derived basaltic magmas similar in composition to the exposed flood basalts.
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The Educational Effectiveness of Gülen-inspired Schools: The Case of Nigeria - Aydın, Hasan (2011)
openalex: W119299324 mag: 119299324
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Interest in ICT Studies and Careers: Perspectives of Senior High School Female Students in three districts in the Central Region of Ghana - Ayebi-Arthur, Kofi (2011)
The under-representation of females in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) fields of study and careers continues to attract considerable attention. This article discusses findings of a research that investigated interest in ICT studies and careers among female secondary school students from schools in three districts in the Central Region of Ghana. The article outlines the demographic background of the participating girls, their experiences with ICT, and their preferences for future studies and careers in ICT. Engineering was the least preferred career choice among female science students in coeducational schools whilst Computer Science/ICT and Nursing were the least preferred career choice among science students in female only schools. However, Medicine was the most preferred career choice among students of both types of schools.
openalex: W293276219 mag: 293276219
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Malaria Morbidity in Akure, Southwest, Nigeria: A Temporal Observation in a Climate Change Scenario. Trends Applied Sci. Res., 6(5) 488-494 - Ayeni, A.O. (2011)
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Water Resources Development Optimization in a Climate Change Scenario: Case Study of Benin-Owena Basin, Nigeria - Ayeni, A.O.; Soneye, Alabi; Fasunwon, O.O.; Miteku, R.T.; Djiotang-Tchotchou, L.A. (Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2011)
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Evaluation of Nutrition Knowledge and Perception of good food among Nursery School Pupils in Kisumu Municipality-Kenya. - Ayieko, M.A; Anyango, Juliana (2011)
Child nutrition is one key factor that determines the outcome of human development and even influences the later quality of one's life. Knowledge about nutrition and health is gained throughout childhood, yet there is limited research on the nutrition knowledge of nursery school children in Kenya. Much of the research assessing nutrition practices in early childhood programs has focused on the adequacy of foods that are served to children. The objectives of this study were to assess nutrition knowledge of preschoolers and assess their perception of what they would consider good food; and to evaluate their teacher knowledge and how this is influencing teaching of nutrition education. The study adopted a cross sectional study design consisting of 365 preschoolers from 36 nursery schools in Kisumu Municipality-Kenya and 146 ECD teachers. Stratified Cluster sampling was used in selecting all the participants. Study results showed that the overall mean nutrition knowledge score of the children was 51.7%. Few children (39.2%) were aware of the foods that should be eaten more frequently by them. There were significant differences between the children's mean scores by their age (F = 96.46, p = 0.000). Children who were taught by teachers with previous training in Early Childhood Development scored higher that those children who were taught by teachers without the training. Mean nutrition knowledge score of the teachers was 53.3%. Only 22.6% of teachers were aware that goiter is caused by iodine deficiency while 46.6% were aware of foods rich in vitamin C and A. The study recommends training of nutrition education and closer collaboration between teachers and parents in teaching young children good nutrition. The government and relevant education institutions should also reinforce nutrition education in nursery school according to the education policy and to facilitate teaching materials for the same.
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The urban governance of climate change : a comparative socio-institutional analysis of transformative urban responses to climate change in Durban (South Africa) and Portland (OR, USA) - Aylett, Alexander (2011)
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Chemical changes of an ultisol after crude oil pollution in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. - Ayolagha, G. A.; Orlunwo, G. S. (Acta Agronomica Nigeriana, 2011)
openalex: W338278240 mag: 338278240
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Higher Education Governance in Syria. Edited National Report for Higher Education Governance in the MEDA Countries, Italy, Catania, 6-8 March. - Ayoubi, Rami (2011)
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An assessment of Nigerias budgetary allocation to the education sector: Implication for tertiary education in Nigeria - Azi, Augustine Sambo (Educational Foundations, 2011)
This study assessed Nigerias budgetary allocations to the Education sector from year 2000 to 2010. Simple percentage method was adopted in the empirical investigation. The study showed that Nigerias budgetary allocation was less than the 26 percent recommended by the United Nations Educational Scientifc and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) in the years under review. This has led to a decay in the educational sector of the country. The study also discovered that the allocated funds were not fully implemented by the concemed agencies. For this to be corrected, the study recommended among others that, the country should implement at least the 26 percent target in its yearly budgets, more funds should be allocated for capital projects and there is the need for recommitment and discipline in the formulation and implementation of budgets so that the allocated funds to the education sector will be fully implemented.
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Effects of Instructional Scaffolding on the Achievement of Male and Female Students in Financial Accounting in Secondary Schools in Abakaliki Urban of Ebonyi State, Nigeria - Azih, Nonye (2011)
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of instructional scaffolding on the achievement of male and female students in financial accounting in Abakaliki Urban of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A pretest, posttest, control group, non randomized quasi experimental design was used in this study. The population of the study comprised all SS II students in all the secondary schools in Abakaliki Urban offering financial accounting. Four secondary schools were selected out of the fourteen secondary schools in Abakaliki offering financial accounting. Two schools were assigned to the treatment group while the other two were assigned to the control group. A total of one hundred and sixty-three (163) students offering financial accounting were used for the study. Two instructional packages were developed, one for the treatment group and the other was subjected to the conventional method of teaching financial accounting. The financial accounting achievement test was used for data collection. The data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation while the analysis of co-variance was used to test the hypothesis. Summary of result revealed that instructional scaffolding method was superior to the conventional method in improving the achievement of male and female students in financial accounting. The test of interaction showed that gender had no significant interaction with teaching approach on students mean achievement. It was concluded that instructional scaffolding is a good teaching method for teaching financial accounting and the researcher recommended that financial accounting lessons should be scaffolded irrespective of the gender of the students.
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Job satisfaction among teachers of private and public basic schools within the Ho municipality of the Volta region of Ghana - Azornu, Winifried Hayford Yao (2011)
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Community, Schools and Society: An analysis of curriculum conflict and resolution through South Africa and United States perspectives - B, Van Wyk; D, Adeniji Neill (2011)
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Stakeholders'perception of the computerized school selection and school selection and placement system :a study of the Greater Accra Region,Ghana. - Babah, Pearl Adiza (2011)
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Long-Run Relationship between Education and Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria - Babalola, Sikiru Jimoh (2011)
The paper empirically evaluates the impact of education on economic growth in Nigeria. To achieve this, time series were used and the unit root properties of the variables were verified using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron techniques. The results suggest that the variables (economic growth and education) are integrated of order one while the Error Correction terms are integrated of order zero, which is a condition for the existence of cointegration on the basis of Engle-Granger Approach. The Johansen cointegration test further confirms the existence of long-run relationship between the two variables of interest. The causality test results indicate uni-directional causality which runs from economic growth to education. The error-correction mechanism gives evidence for the short-run dynamics. Hence the need for quality assurance in education to make it growth enhancing.
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Fostering the relationship between home and school : a case study of a senior secondary school in the Gambia - Babatunde, Adeshina (2011)
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Knowledge, practice and attitude toward epilepsy among primary and secondary school teachers in South Gezira locality, Gezira State, Sudan - Babikar, Haydar E; Abbas, Islam (Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 2011)
The attitudes toward school pupils with epilepsy are influenced by the degree of school teachers' knowledge of the disorder. Teachers usually do not receive any formal instructions on epilepsy during their training. This study aims to assess school teachers' knowledge, attitude and practice when dealing with epilepsy in school children.This study was part of a series mandated by the Gezira Epilepsy Care Programme (GECP), to obtain baseline data for a community-adapted epilepsy education program. A pretested, semi-structured, 35-items questionnaire was the investigational tool. It was used to evaluate the knowledge of the basic facts about epilepsy among school teachers in this cross-sectional study. The questionnaire allowed teachers to express their opinions by means of free answers. The schools were chosen at random but not in a systematic equiprobability design. Two hundred teachers from public primary (100) and secondary (100) schools in the rural area of south Gezira Locality, Gezira State, Central Sudan, were recruited.In this study, the majority of respondents had never been informed about epilepsy and therefore gave evasive answers to many questions. Few of the respondents considered epilepsy as contagious. None of participants objected to having epileptic children in their classes. Only 47 teachers (47%) in the primary schools had any knowledge of the initial procedures to help a child in seizure, presenting reasonable answers, compared to 64 (64%) teachers in the secondary schools.All school teachers should be given some kind of training in health services. The GECP should involve teachers in its current training programs for caregivers and lay association to help epileptic patients.
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A West African Sufi Master on the Global Stage: Cheikh Abdoulaye Dièye and the Khidmatul Khadim International Sufi School in France and the United States - Babou, Cheikh Anta (African Diaspora, 2011)
Abstract The recent wave of West African Muslim migration to the West started after the Great War and gained momentum in the 1960s. Sub-Saharan Africans have been particularly successful in finding a niche in Europe and North America partly because of the connection between immigrants and centers of Islamic spirituality and knowledge in Africa provided by a dynamic leadership that straddles the three continents. Based on extensive interviews in the United States and in France and on the examination of Murid internal sources and scholarly secondary literature, this article investigates the efforts of the late Sufi sheikh, Abdoulaye Dièye, to expand the Muridiyya Muslim tariqa in France and North America. I am particularly interested in examining the foundations of Dièye’s appeal, his struggle to earn legitimacy and relevance on the global stage, and the response of diverse constituencies to his calling. I contend that the attraction of Dièye’s teachings to Europeans, Americans, and Africans in the diaspora, is rooted in his dual cultural outlook as a Western educated and traditionally trained Murid.
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The Place of English in Expanding Repertoires of Linguistic Code, Identification and Aspiration among Recent High School Graduates in Limpopo Province, South Africa. - Babson, Andrew (2011)
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Teaching/Learning of Mathematics in Preschools : A case of Botswana and Sweden - Bäckman, Kerstin; Bose, Kabita; Givell, Marika Iller (2011)
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Workshop on 'Envisioning 2050: climate change, aquaculture and fisheries in West Africa', Dakar, Senegal, 14-16 April 2010. - Badjeck, M. C.; Katikiro, Robert E.; Flitner, Michael; Diop, Ndiaga; Máñez, Kathleen Schwerdtner (2011)
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Envisioning 2050: climate change, aquaculture and fisheries in West Africa. Dakar, Senegal 14-16 April 2010 - Badjeck, Marie‐Caroline; Katikiro, Robert E.; Flitner, Michael; Diop, Ndiaga; Máñez, Kathleen Schwerdtner (2011)
Library has French version: Vision 2050 : Changement climatique, peche et aquaculture en Afrique de l’Ouest, du 14 au 16 avril 2010, Dakar, Senegal
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Envisioning 2050: climate change, aquaculture and fisheries in West Africa. Dakar, Senegal 14-16 April 2010 - Badjeck, Marie‐Caroline; Katikiro, Robert E.; Flitner, Michael; Diop, Ndiaga; MÃŸÂ±ez, K. Schwerdtner (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2011)
This report presents the activities and results of the workshop Envisioning 2050: Climate Change, Aquaculture and Fisheries in West Africa. The objectives of the workshop were to discuss critical issues and uncertainties faced by the fisheries and aquaculture sector in Ghana, Senegal and Mauritania, build sectoral scenarios for 2050 and discuss the implication of these scenarios in the context of climate change for the countries and the region.
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Supervision of instruction in public primary schools in Ghana: Teacher's and headteacher's perspectives - Baffour-Awuah, Peter (2011)
School leaders use instructional supervision to improve teaching and learning by providing practising teachers with on-going support and guidance after their initial teacher training programmes. Public opinion and research studies have questioned the effectiveness of the supervisory process in Ghanaian public primary schools, however. The main purpose of this study is to better understand the practice of instructional supervision in the schools by examining teachers’ and headteachers’ perspectives about how they experienced and conceptualised instructional supervision. The study also sought to uncover aspects of instructional supervision that teachers and headteachers think should be practised. A mixed method approach was employed to collect data from multiple sources including questionnaires, interviews, and policy documents on instructional supervision. Items for the questionnaires and interviews were guided by aspects of instructional supervision drawn from the literature and included both traditional practices such as monitoring and evaluating teachers’ work as well as more contemporary practices such as coaching and mentoring. The questionnaire included 24 Likert scale items and 4 open-ended items. For each Likert scale item, participants were asked to answer how often they experienced a particular practice as well as the extent to which they agreed that it should be practised. A municipal education district in Ghana was selected for the study. Two hundred and forty out of 336 teachers and 40 out of 44 heads returned their questionnaires. In addition, 10 teachers, 10 heads and two officers (the district head of supervision and one from headquarters) were interviewed. The Ghana Education Service (GES) policy document on supervision was also analysed. The study found that the GES policy document on instructional supervision emphasised aspects of instructional supervision that related to monitoring teaching activities and ensuring maximum use of instructional time. Teachers and headteachers in this study practised, experienced and conceptualised instructional supervision which comprised mainly “traditional” aspects. While the participants were mostly happy about these traditional practices, they also thought that all of the contemporary aspects of instructional supervision that were included on the questionnaire should be practised much more often than they currently experienced. Responses from both the open-ended items and interview showed that some of the GES support systems may negatively impact the conduct of instructional supervision in schools. This thesis concludes by recommending that education authorities consult with teachers to revise the GES policy guide on instructional supervision to include more contemporary practices, and also plan a long term budgetary allocation to provide sustainable training programmes to teachers and supervision personnel to improve instruction, and ultimately outcomes for students, in Ghanaian primary schools.
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Home-School Partnerships: A Case Study of Teachers and African American Families. - Bagwell, Cynthia S. (2011)
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Potential Climate Change Impacts on Direct Economic Values From Wildlife in the Kilombero Ramsar Site, Tanzania - Bakengesa, Siima S.; Munishi, Pantaleo K. T.; Navrud, Ståle (2011)
Tanzania is one of the world’s leading nations in terms of wildlife conservation, with rich and diverse wildlife resources. Game controlled areas in Tanzania are used for wildlife conservation and most of them were set aside when human populations were low and global climate was stable. Under the climate change scenario realised for Tanzania for the next few decades, a 10% increase in annual inflow is predicted at the Kilombero Ramsar site. This may have varied impacts on the wildlife populations with consequences for the potential direct economic values from wildlife hunting. The current study assessed how rainfall may influence wildlife populations and their contribution to the national economy. Data was collected from discussions with game officials, literature searches, field observations and data was recorded for weather and hunting licences. We established a rainfall pattern based on trends observed over 40 years (1968–2008), and its correlation with wildlife outtake by both tourist and local hunters. The mean annual rainfall was 1,600 mm, with a probability of 0.90 of receiving (100 ≤ 300) of the mean annual rainfall especially for March and April point rainfall. Increased inflow of water is likely to be exacerbated by inflow from surrounding catchments. There were a total of 258 local and 78 tourist hunters respectively in the period from 2001 to 2008. There was a positive correlation between the number of animals hunted per species and point annual rainfall for buffalos, reedbuck, hippos, puku, warthog, crocodiles and hartebeest. Conversely, the availability of game birds declined with increased point rainfall. This would mean that revenues from buffalo, reedbuck, hippos, puku, warthog, crocodiles and hartebeest are likely to increase or remain the same with increasing point annual rainfall. On the other hand, hunting revenues from game birds is likely to decrease with point annual rainfall. The predicted hydrological change in the Kilombero River is likely to affect wildlife populations and the contribution of hunting industry to national earnings. Thus climate adaptation measures need to be instituted in order to accommodate climate-induced economic loses.
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Culturally responsive museum education practices from Malawi, Africa - Baker, Kimberly (2011)
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Management and uses of farmers' varieties in Southwest Ethiopia: A Climate change perspective - Balemie, Kebu (2011)
Management and uses of farmers’ crop varieties were studied in Illu Ababora, Southwest Ethiopia. The study was aimed to document farmers’ crop diversity management and uses and to identify factors affecting farmers’ decisions related to crop diversity management including varieties that might help mitigate climate change. Semi-structured interviews, group discussions, and field observations were used in gathering data. Sixteen different farmers’ varieties were documented. Maize, sorghum, and tef had high varietal diversity. Various factors influencing farmers’ diversity management were identified. Adaptability to agro-ecological niches, tolerance to stresses, density, healthiness and aesthetics were found, in combination, to be important parameters used for seed selection or acquisition of particular varieties. The role farmers’ varieties and practices in adaptation to climate change impacts and household food security were discussed. The study suggests that supporting and strengthening local innovative farmers’ practices, conservation efforts, and crop improvement programs could help farmers adapt to climate change impacts at local level.
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Prevalence and Socio-demografic Determinants of Under-Weight and Pre-obesity among in -School Adolescents in Olorunda Local Goverment Area, Osun State, Nigeria. - Bamidele, James Olusegun; Asekun-Olarinmoye, E. O.; Olajide, Folake; Abodunrin, Olugbenga; Abodunrin, Olugbenga (Türk Silahlı Kuvvetler Koruyucu hekimlik bilgisi, 2011)
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent obesity is under-estimated in this part of the world. However, there is a global change in the trend of over-weight and obesity in both developed and developing countries. OBJECTIVES: The study determined the prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of under-weight and pre-obesity among in-school adolescents in Olorunda Local Government Area of Osun State. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was carried out in Olorunda Local government area in Osun State. Ten out of the twenty five secondary schools in the LGA were randomly selected. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 497 respondents from the ten schools. Anthropometric method was used to asses the nutritional status, body mass index was calculated and data was analyzed with SPSS version 11. Univariate and bivariate analysis were done and the critical level was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Majority of the respondents were between ages 15 and 19 years (60.5%), male to female ratio was 1.1:1.0. None of the study participants was obese while 3.8% of them were pre-obese and 41.2% of them were underweight. Socio-demographic factors found to be statistically significantly associated with pre-obesity were female gender, higher educational level of mothers and living with both parents (p
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Distribution of ABO and Rh Blood Groups among Major Ethnic Groups of Medical Students of Madonna University Teaching Hospital, Elele, Nigeria - Bamidele, Olubayode (2011)
s: The ABO and Rh blood groups are the most important blood groups despite the long list of several other blood groups discovered so far. The ABO and Rh blood groups varies worldwide and are not found in equal numbers even among ethnic groups. Therefore, this study was aimed at having information on the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among the major ethnic groups of medical students in Madonna University Teaching Hospital, Elele, Nigeria. A total of 193 students were randomly selected among the medical students of the Madonna University Teaching Hospital and tested. The students were divided into 3 major ethnic groups i.e., Igbo, 68 (31 males, 37 females) students, Yoruba, 62 (42 males, 20 females) students and Hausa, 63 (29 males, 34 females) students. Blood samples were collected by cubital venepuncture. A drop of each of the antisera, anti A, anti B and anti D was added and mixed with each blood sample and rocked gently for 60 sec to observe agglutination. There are differences in frequency distribution of the blood group (ABO) among the ethnic groups of the students. Blood group O and Rh-positive has highest frequency while blood group AB and Rh-negative has lowest frequency in the three ethnic groups. However, apart from the importance of ABO and Rh blood groups in blood transfusion practice, it is therefore imperative to have information on the distribution of these blood groups in any population group that comprise different ethnic groups.
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND CONFLICTS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: TRENDS, CHALLENGES AND POLICIES SUSTAINABILITY - Bamidele, Oluwaseun (2011)
Since the 1990s when articles began to appear with such titles as “Can Climate Change and Conflicts Be Linked?”, there has been a steady growth of both scholarly and popular interest at the point of intersection between climate change and the conflicts. But the perception that the two realms are connected in crucial ways dates back many decades. One of the first manifestations of popular consciousness of some of the connections between climate change and conflict questions emerged in the 1960s and 1970s; a number of observers also expect that climate change will generate into a great impact and intensity of conflicts around the world will grow. Sub-Saharan Africa has been portrayed as particularly vulnerable to such a rise in conflict, owing to its poverty, exposure to climate impacts and weak levels of state organization. But what is the evidence and analysis that might support such a view? This paper starts by looking at the links between conflict and climate change. It goes on to examine current patterns and causes of conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa, the consequences of climate change, and argues that it has and will produce two different types of conflict: “Cold Conflict” and “Hot Conflict”. It also assesses the likelihood of their increase as consequences of climate change in sustainable development. The evidence shows that while climate change may not cause conflict, it will increase its likelihood. It concludes by putting forward policy responses that could reduce the likelihood of increased violent conflict, stemming from climate change impacts in sustainability.
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Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among secondary school adolescents in Osun state, Nigeria - Bamise, O. F.; Bamise, Cornelius Tokunbo; Adedigba, Michael A (Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2011)
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of secondary school pupils in Osun State about HIV/AIDS and the sources of their information. Materials and Methods: A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 592 secondary school pupils from 5 local government areas of Osun State, Nigeria. A self-administered questionnaire was used which composed of questions on their knowledge and sources of information about HIV/AIDS. Results: About half believed that HIV can be contracted via mosquito bites and 53.7% believed via kissing. Half of the respondents agreed that a person who looks healthy can be infected and possess the ability to describe the look of an infected person. Majority (92.6%) claimed to have heard about HIV/AIDS prior to the study. More than half (67.8%) agreed that HIV/AIDS is a life-threatening disease, 29.4% said there is a cure for AIDS, and 77.6% thought that the government is doing enough to deal with the disease. The most important sources of HIV/AIDS information among the respondents were the media and the least important sources of information were the traditional healers (35.3%). Conclusion: This study revealed a high-level misconception among secondary school pupils in Osun State, Nigeria. Mass media was the major source of information with doubtful effectiveness evidenced by obvious erroneous beliefs. An improved multisectorial approach in HIV/AIDS education with greater participation of school and public libraries is advised.
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Guidelines for clinical nursing education of the pupil enrolled nurse and midwife in Namibia - Bampton, Elizabeth L. (2011)
A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Nursing Science
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Sport in action: Young people, sex education and HIV/AIDS in Zambia - Banda, Davies (2011)
This chapter presents a case study of a sport-for-development non-governmental organization (NGO) in Zambia. Sport is being recognized for the contribution it can make to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly as a potential tool for HIV/AIDS preventative programmes. Sports-orientated HIV/AIDS preventative programmes have become a valuable tool for reaching out to populations that are at risk, particularly those aged 15-24 years. The HIV/AIDS pandemic has so far proved to be the greatest pandemic the world has ever faced. Millions of lives both old and young have been lost across the globe but mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. Sports-based HIV/AIDS education programmes have become prominent among young people’s activities in the region’s deprived communities. The United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force for Sport for Development and Peace stated that such sports programmes are a powerful tool for mobilising societies to communicate key messages such as HIV/AIDS preventative messages (United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force 2003). Women and girls remain the most vulnerable to the pandemic. In discussing the scourgeof HIV/AIDS and sport, the focus will be on young people, gender and sex education programmes. Sex education environments will be used in this chapter to help elaborate the established prominent role of youth-led sex education programmes using sport. Due to the high rate of prevalence among women and girls, the number of projects focused on empowerment of girls and women are a clear indication that HIV/AIDS is a disease of inequalities (UNAIDS 2008). The chapter starts by presenting a brief history of Zambia and the economic hardshipsfaced by its citizens, and examining how poverty levels have exacerbated the spread of HIV/AIDS. It is in the midst of economic hardships that sport-for-development as a sector emerged and gained its signiﬁcance based on initiatives to address HIV/AIDS and other MDGs such as gender equality. This chapter, therefore, goes on to explore generally the aims of the case study project; how it is delivered and funded; and how the project’s targets relate to wider policy goals at community, regional and national level. In doing so it also highlights the mismatch between national HIV targets and those of sport-for-development in general.
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RESEARCH AND TEACHING DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIPS IN HIGHER EDUCATION BETWEEN GLOBAL NORTH AND SOUTH: A CASE OF A ZAMBIAN TEACHER TRAINING UNIVERSITY - Banda, Devison T.; Lungwe, C. (ICERI2011 Proceedings, 2011)
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Use of Newspapers by Students of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria - Bankole, Olubanke Mofoluwaso; Babalola, S. O. (Library Philosophy and Practice, 2011)
This study investigates the relative importance of newspaper information, purposes for consultation, types of information sought, the extent and satisfaction derived from the use of library newspaper services, and problems that might constrain students from visiting the newspaper sections of Olabisi Onabanjo University library, Ago Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. A survey research design and interviews were used for data collection. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 456 who had used the library newspaper services in the past, of which 92.1% were found usable. The students ranked newspaper information as their third most important source of overall daily information. The respondents opined that they visited the newspaper sections in the library to obtain information and to relieve themselves from stress. The specific information sought from newspapers in decreasing order of importance are information on politics/governments, sporting events, entertainments, health matters, world affairs and their academic work. The major barriers to the use of the newspaper sections are overcrowding, space limitation, non availability of newspapers on time, few copies of newspapers being provided, and non awareness of the newspaper services in the library. The paper concludes that in view of the importance of newspapers to students' daily information needs and its relevance as source of recreation, library managers in Universities should accord its provision high priority. Specifically, there is the need for the management of Olabisi Onabanjo University library to address the shortcomings identified in newspaper provisions in this study.
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Factors Affecting South African District Officials’ Capacity to Provide Effective Teacher Support - Bantwini, Bongani D.; Diko, Nolutho (Creative Education, 2011)
The role of district officials as education reform agents is undeniable.Through perspectives analyses, we explore factors that affected the capacity of eight South African districts to provide effective teacher support during the last implementation of natural science reforms.We argue that district officials' capability and reality issues are some of the factors that are likely to determine the success or failure of reforms.Further, they have the gravity to nullify the efforts to improve school performances.Lastly, we propose ways to bridge the gap between theory and practice and strategies to promote partnership between district officials and schools.
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Factors related to sport preferences among youth with physical disability in Rwanda - Barayagwiza, Pierre (2011)
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SPECIAL BREW: THE LOCAL AND GLOBAL VALUES THAT UNDERGIRD LEARNING, TEACHING AND LEADERSHIP IN SOUTHERN MALAWI - Barber, Evelyne Heifner; Smith, T. Colette; Bradsher, T.; Martin, Robin; Reynolds, Kristen Marie; Rushing, Jimmi Fischer; Hendricks, Sharief; Truitt, Debbie (ICERI2011 Proceedings, 2011)
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Pangani River Basin, Tanzania : building consensus on water allocation and climate change adaptation - Barchiesi, Stefano; Welling, Rebecca; Cartin, Megan; Cross, Katharine (2011)
Climate change and the over exploitation of water resources is challenging the sustainability of the Pangani River Basin to deliver water services. Competition for diminishing water resources has led to tensions between the various stakeholders within the basin. Together with the government of Tanzania and donor partners, WANI has responded to this crisis by supporting the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). This sought to bring together a variety of stakeholders by creating platforms for dialogue and encouraged collaboration towards a common goal. The Pangani River Basin Management Project has generated technical information and developed participatory forums, mainstreamed climate change, supported the equitable provision and wise governance of freshwater for livelihoods and environment for current and future generations. This case study describes the situation, activities taken, and results achieved during this process.
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Teacher Competence in ICT: Implications for Computer Education in Zimbabwean Secondary Schools - Barwell, Richard; Mubika, Augustine Kudakwashe (2011)
This study examined the ICT competences of rural and urban day secondary school teachers in Chegutu District, Mashonaland West Region. The study looked into the training and literacy levels of computer usage by the practitioners with a view to find out the areas of strengths and weaknesses in ICT usage. Upon identifying weaknesses, the study aimed at providing recommendations for improvement. One hundred and twenty out of 320 secondary school teachers participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires and a competence practical test. The instruments required information on ICT training background, competence and literacy level of the educators. Results reveal that the majority of the teachers were computer illiterate because they were not exposed to ICT training or the practical hands on experience. A significant number had no formal ICT qualifications. A few, however, had a diploma in computers while none had a degree. Results from the practical test given indicate that the majority of the respondents were not able to use the basic software in computers for lesson delivery. Further indications are that teachers lack the necessary skills and knowledge of computer. In terms of applicability of the packages teacher weak knowledge levels show that their competence in ICTs for classroom use still lags behind. Challenges to ICT competence were identified as lack of adequate computer hardware, limited knowledge on how to make full use of ICTs in the classrooms and limited understanding on how to integrate ICTs into the teaching processes. To counter the effects of challenges, schools should fundraise in order to purchase computers. Staff development in ICTs should also be undertaken. All stakeholders should take part in mobilising resources for ICT resource centres. Teacher training institutions should offer ICT training to student teachers during their residential courses.
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ASSESSING THE RECEPTIVITY OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMMES AMONG ORDINARY AND ADVANCED LEVEL STUDENTS: A CASE OF THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY - Barwell, Richard; Musika, Farirai (2011)
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Comparative Job Performance Effectiveness of Teachers in Public and Private Secondary Schools in Cross River State, Nigeria - Bassey, Peter Unoh; Bisong, Nonso; Ubi, I. E.; Isangedighi, AJ (Annals of Modern Education, 2011)
The study was aimed at determining the relative job performance of secondary school teachers in public and private schools in Cross River State of Nigeria. The ex post facto design was used in a survey of 720 secondary school teachers (440 from the public and 280 from the private). Results indicated that teachers in private schools were superior to their counterparts in public schools in teaching, as well as formative and summative evaluation. Teachers in the two school types, were about the same in classroom management, students discipline and supervision of co-curricular activities. Based on our data, we suggest the Ministry of Education should adequately fund the school system, equip the laboratories, and recruit qualified teachers for the public schools to achieve their mandate. Also public school teachers must be provided with conducive teaching/learning environment to enhance their competitiveness with the private schools. Finally, public school teachers should be made accountable to the school system by way of proper supervision by school heads. Key words : Job performance effectiveness among teachers
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Job Performance Effectiveness: A Comparison of Teachers in Public and Private Schools in Cross River State – Nigeria - Bassey, PU; Bisong, Nonso; Isangedighi, AJ; Ubi, I. E. (Lwati: a journal of contemporary research, 2011)
The study was aimed at determining the effect of school type and the job performance of secondary schools teachers in Cross River State of Nigeria. The expo fact design was adopted for the study, through a survey data collected from a total of 720 secondary school teachers (440 from the public and 280 from the private) and analyzed to determine the effect of school type on teachers job performance. Result indicated that teachers in private schools were superior to their counterparts in public schools in teaching, as well as formative and summative evaluation. Teachers in the two types of schools were about the same in classroom management, students discipline and supervision of co-curricular activities. From the result of the analysis it was recommended that if the ministry wants good result from the public schools, they must fund the school system, equip the laboratories and recruit qualified teaching. Also that public school teachers must be provided with conducive teaching/learning environment to enable them meet up the challenge of performance as witnessed in the private schools. Finally, that public school teachers should be made accountable to the school system by way of proper supervision by school heads. Keywords : Job Performance, Effectiveness among teachers. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research , 8(2), 9-15, 2011
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Gender Differences and Mathematics Achievement of Rural Senior Secondary Students in Cross River State, Nigeria - Bassey, SW; Joshua, MT; Asim, AE (Mathematics Connection, 2011)
To contribute to the realization of the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) by the United Nations on the promotion of gender equity, the researchers sought to empirically verify the existence or otherwise of gender inequality in the mathematics achievement of rural male and female students in Cross River State, Nigeria; and whether or not parental socioeconomic status and school proprietorship, taken independently, are significant factors in the achievement of the students. By stratified and simple random sampling, 2000 students (50% males, 50% female) were selected and a 30-item four-option multiple choice mathematics achievement test (MAT) was constructed (KR20 of 0.87 and item difficulty, 0.40 < p < 0.82) and administered. The independent t-test revealed significant gender inequalities in the entire sample indicating that the males outperformed their female counterparts. Gender inequalities were also observed among the low socio economic students and within public schools. Educational implications were also highlighted.
openalex: W2588018871 mag: 2588018871
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Impact of Training and Retraining on Teachers' Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of Public Schools in Calabar South, Nigeria - Bassey, Umo A; Bassey, Antigha Okon; Ojua, Takim Asu; Ottong, J. G (2011)
This study was carried out to determine the effect of training and retraining on teachers’ productivity in public secondary schools in Calabar South Local Government Area in Cross River State. A survey research was conducted and questionnaire administered to 99 subjects drawn from six public secondary schools in proportion to the numbers of teachers per school. Pearson Product Moment Correlation statistical analysis was utilized to test the four hypotheses guiding the study. The findings reveal significant relationship between training and retraining and productivity of teachers in terms of punctuality to school, organizing extra-lessons for students, timely submission of examination grades and participation in extra-curricula activities. The study recommended adequate budgetary allocation for training and retraining of teachers, ensuring frequent training and retraining programmes are conducted and redesigning of existing programmes among others as catalysts for improvement of standard of education, through increased teachers’ productivity in school organization.
openalex: W2247722405 mag: 2247722405
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Development of algorithms for high schools course timetabling problem in Tanzania: the Case of Tambaza, Azania and Jangwani High Schools - Batho, Peter (2011)
openalex: W3174783935 mag: 3174783935
Keywords: openalex:import

The Spatio-Temporal-Severity Dynamics of Drought in Botswana - Batisani, Nnyaladzi (Journal of environmental protection (Irvine, Calif. : Print), 2011)
Drought is a reoccurring natural hazard in semi-arid regions.However, despite its regular occurrence disaster managers are still to develop concrete measures of mitigating and adapting to it.A fist step to the development of such measures is the determination of the spatial drought vulnerability variability.The goal of this paper is to determine the spatio-temporal severity drought occurrence, which is vital for drought mitigation planning and resources allocation during responses.To reach this goal, the paper determines the probability of occurrence of different drought categories based on the Standardized Precipitation Index.The analysis identifies areas vulnerable to agricultural and hydrological droughts at various severity levels.The spatial variation in drought occurrence suggests that drought vulnerability maps should be availed to disaster planners for efficient resource allocation during responses and mitigation and development of adaptation measures.
openalex: W2039287922 mag: 2039287922
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Maternal education and childbirth care in Uganda. - Bbaale, Edward; Guloba, Asumani (PubMed, 2011)
Globally, over 500,000 females die of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth each year, and of these, over 99% of deaths occur in developing countries such as Uganda. Utilisation of modern and professional care during delivery is important in lowering maternal mortality. This paper sets out to investigate the factors associated with the utilisation of modern and professional childbirth care so as to inform policy makers on the pertinent factors that need to be influenced by policy.A nationally representative Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) (2006) was used. Sampling was done in two stages. In the first stage 321 clusters were selected from a list of clusters sampled in the 2005/06 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), 17 clusters from the 2002 Census frame from Karamoja, and 30 internally displaced camps (IDPs). In the second stage, the households in each cluster were selected as per the UNHS listing. In addition an additional 20 households were randomly selected in each cluster. Questionnaires were used during data collection. During the analysis, a maximum likelihood probit technique was employed. Prior to this, a bivariate approach was used to generate average percentages of mothers using the childbirth care services by background characteristics.It is found that maternal education is the strongest predictor, especially at post-secondary level (highest marginal effect of 33% and P<0.01), associated with the utilisation of childbirth care. Whereas partner's education at all levels is important, maternal education is observed to exert a much stronger association. Other factors significantly associated with the utilisation of professional childbirth care include community infrastructure, occupation, location, and regional differences, wealth status, religion, and age cohorts.These findings suggest that whereas all levels of education are important, the effects of post-secondary education are more pronounced. Therefore, efforts to improve professional childbirth care utilisation need to focus on female education beyond secondary level. In addition, measures are needed to improve agricultural productivity which might improve earnings and childbirth care utilisation. Government should also undertake to improve community infrastructure across all regions and locations. Both government and donors can ensure universal access to professional childbirth care irrespective of the ability to pay.
openalex: W2092178019 mag: 2092178019
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Onderwys in Suid-Afrika van 1961 tot 2011: tussen twee paradigmas en ontwykende ideale = Education in South Africa from 1961 to 2011 - Beckmann, Johan (Tydskrif vir geesteswetenskappe, 2011)
openalex: W2787706154 mag: 2787706154
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Relevance and usability of a computerized patient simulator for continuous medical education of isolated care professionals in sub-saharan Africa. - Bediang, Georges; Bagayoko, Cheick Oumar; Raetzo, Marc-André Eugene; Geissbühler, Antoine (PubMed, 2011)
to explore the relevance and usability of using a computerized patient simulator as a tool for continuous medical education and decision support for health professionals in district hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa.based on the diagnosis pathway and decision analysis in uncertainty context, interactive clinical vignettes are developed using VIPS, a computerized patient simulator, taking into account clinical problem situations whose relevance was identified. Vignettes were adapted to take into account local epidemiology, availability of diagnostic and therapeutic resources, and local socio-cultural constraints. The evaluation on VIPS software was made by care professionals and students.a computerized patient simulator can be used to provide initial and continuing medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa. But many challenges exist.further research is needed to measure potential improvements in knowledge, skills, decision-making abilities as well as patient outcome.
openalex: W47638957 mag: 47638957
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Paradise Lost, Found Or Created? Expectations Between Teachers And Vulnerable Children: Case Study On Peace House Secondary School, Northern Tanzania - Bee, Kelli (2011)
openalex: W25425226 mag: 25425226
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Awkward engagement: Friction, translation and human rights education in post-conflict Sierra Leone - Behnam, Nicole Ruth (2011)
openalex: W199715038 mag: 199715038
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Sexual Violence Victimization Among Female Secondary School Students in Eastern Ethiopia - Bekele, Alemayehu; Aken, Marcel A. G. van; Dubas, Judith Semon (Violence and victims, 2011)
openalex: W2069616816 mag: 2069616816
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Integrated pest management training and information flow among smallholder horticulture farmers in Kenya. - Bekele, Nigat; Mithöfer, Dagmar; Amudavi, David M.; Obare, Gideon A. (2011)
openalex: W1953909504 mag: 1953909504
Keywords: openalex:import