American School For Oriental Study And Research In Palestine (2010)
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AMERICAN SCHOOL FOR ORIENTAL STUDY AND RESEARCH IN PALESTINE (2010)
openalex: W4249240286
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AMERICAN SCHOOL FOR ORIENTAL STUDY AND RESEARCH IN PALESTINE (2010)
openalex: W4235026848
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American School For Oriental Study And Research In Palestine (2010)
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AMERICAN SCHOOL IN PALESTINE (2010)
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FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MANAGING COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL FOR ORIENTAL STUDY AND RESEARCH IN PALESTINE (2010)
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In The School In Palestine (2010)
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Second Annual Report Of The Managing Committee Of The American School For Oriental Study And Research In Palestine (2010)
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Seventh Annual Report Of The Managing Committee Of The American School For Oriental Study And Research In Palestine (2010)
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SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MANAGING COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL FOR ORIENTAL STUDY AND RESEARCH IN PALESTINE (2010)
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Utilitarianism and the Fate of Humanities in South African Higher Education - Adam, Fatıma; Cross, Michael (2010)
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Do you see what I see? Photovoice, community-based research, and conservation education in Samburu, Kenya - Beh, Adam (2010)
openalex: W161834598 mag: 161834598
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Curriculum Inquiry in South African Higher Education - Blitzer, Eli; Botha, Nonnie (2010)
openalex: W2475930165 mag: 2475930165
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4 Pedagogies of Pain: Teaching “Women, War, and Militarism in Africa” - Decker, Alicia C. (2010)
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Studies on the mycoflora associated with sugarcane factory waste and pollution of River Nile in upper Egypt - El‐Said, A. H. M.; Sohair, T. H.; El-Hadi, A. G. (Journal of Yeast and Fungal Research, 2010)
Sixty-nine species and four varieties which belong to twenty eight genera of terrestrial fungi were recovered from polluted and nonpolluted water and mud samples on glucose and cellulose-Czapek's agar at 28EsC. The most common species from the two substrates on the two types of media were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Mycosphaerella tassiana and Penicillium chrysogenum. Twenty-six species belonging to 14 genera were isolated from polluted (26 species and 14 genera) and nonpolluted (17 and 10) mud samples on sabouraud’s dextrose agar at 28°C. The most prevalent species were Acremonium retiulum, Alternaria alternata, A. flavus, Aphanoascus fulvescens, Aspergillus terreus, Aphanoascus sp., Penicillium funiculosum and Stachybotrys chartarum. Key words: Pollution, River Nile, terrestrial fungi and keratinophilic fungi.
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Teachings on the Prayer of the Heart in the Greek and Syrian Fathers - Gather, Jill (2010)
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Climate change and variability in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of current and future trends and impacts on agriculture and food security - Kotir, Julius H. (Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2010)
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Levels of Bifurcation of the Sciatic Nerve among Ugandans at School of Biomedical Sciences Makerere and Mulago Hospital Uganda - Kukiriza, John; Kiryowa, Haruna; Turyabahika, J.; Ssempijja, Fred; Ibingira, Charles (East and Central African Journal of Surgery, 2010)
Background: The sciatic nerve is derived from the lumbo-sacral plexus, It is the thickest nerve in the whole body, it exits the gluteal region through the lower part of the greater sciatic foramen, it is the main innervator of the posterior thigh, the leg and foot, it usually ends halfway down the back of the thigh by dividing into the tibial and common peroneal nerves, and these terminal branches supply the leg and foot. The position of division of this nerve varies, it may occur within the pelvis, gluteal region, upper and ,mid thigh, and distal thigh ,Its injury if it involves the whole nerve, may lead to loss of sensation, in posterior thigh, whole leg and foot, with loss of function of all muscles in posterior thigh, whole leg and the foot. And this results into failure to dorsiflex the foot a condition referred to as foot drop. The level of bifurcation of the sciatic nerve above the transverse popliteal crease is useful during sciatic nerve block, hence the need for healthcare workers to have adequate appreciation of the applied anatomy of the nerve. The main objective of the study was to determine the level of bifurcation of the sciatic nerve above the transverse popliteal crease among Ugandans at Mulago Hospital Complex. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical sciences, Makerere University and Mulago Hospital mortuary. Eighty adult cadavers were dissected in the gluteal region and posterior thigh to establish the level of bifurcation of the sciatic nerve above the transverse popliteal crease, and the distance from the crease was measured in cm using a caliper calibrated in millimeters. Results: Eighty left lower limbs of 56 male and 24 female adult cadavers were dissected to expose the sciatic nerve one side of the body was dissected to control for left to right variations, however in another study, the variations on two sides would be compared.., The heights of the cadavers ranged from 145 to 182 cm with a mean of 162.8 cm. The nerves bifurcated in the gluteal region and posterior thigh in 62 cadavers (77.5%) and 18 in the pelvis (22.5%). Of the 62 nerves that bifurcated higher in the pelvis, the level of bifurcation ranged between 3.8 and 32.5 cm but most of the bifurcations occurred between 3.8 and 12 cm above transverse popliteal crease. In four of the nerves that exited the gluteal region after bifurcation, the nerves reunited before the final bifurcation occurred in the thigh. Conclusions: The Bifurcation of the sciatic nerve occurs at variable distances from the transverse popliteal crease and appreciation of these variations is essential. More than 22% of all nerves leave the pelvis as two separate nerves and therefore the sciatic nerve trunk cannot be wholly traced or used for anesthetic block in the gluteal region or thigh for procedures in the leg and foot. Only 62 individuals (77.5%) had sciatic nerves in the gluteal region and thigh, and within this group, the vertical distance of bifurcation ranged between 3.8 and 32.5 cm transverse popliteal crease.
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Study of the conceptions of senior high school pupils majoring in sciences in Tunisia and France concerning synaptic transmission - Laribi, Rym; Marzin-Janvier, Patrícia; Sakly, M.; Favre, Daniel (RDST, 2010)
Cette étude vise à identifier les conceptions des élèves de classes de première et de terminale S concernant la transmission synaptique. L’analyse a été faite à partir de questionnaires proposés aux élèves avant l’enseignement concernant la transmission synaptique. Nous avons constaté d’une part une diversité d’hypothèses explicatives (électrique, chimique, ondes, pour la transmission du message nerveux), d’autre part que les élèves ont, en majorité, une conception électrique du message nerveux qui renvoie à une conception continue du tissu nerveux.Notre étude montre que les conceptions des élèves, concernant la transmission nerveuse, pourraient avoir pour origine la façon dont est représentée la communication nerveuse, la première fois qu’elle est enseignée à l’école. Nous identifions des obstacles didactiques.
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8 Challenges of Basic Education in Southern Sudan: The Language Policy in Jonglei & Upper Nile States - Lubajo, Joseph Lodiong (2010)
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Factors Influencing Low Enrolment of Maasai Girls in Secondary Schools in Monduli District, Tanzania - Lyimo-Macha, J.; Mosha, Dms; Minde, Josephine Joseph (Tanzania Journal for Population studies and Development, 2010)
Provision of equality in education at all levels is central in achieving development in any society. However, this situation is limited in Maasailand due to low response of Maasai parents and girl students towards secondary school education. The problem burdens this community and the nation at large in the provisions of girls’ access to Secondary Education (SE). In spite of government and NGOs efforts to address the issue, the problem is still persisting throughout pastoralist areas. If this situation is not addressed, is a danger of gender inequality in terms of access to education. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine factors causing low response of Maasai parents and girl students towards secondary education in Monduli district, and to generate empirical information on strategies to address the problem.
The study randomly selected a total of 125 respondents who were interviewed using open and close-ended questionnaires. Data collected was coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The findings reveal that low response towards SE was influenced by parents’ education, occupation and marital status. Socio-cultural factors such as norms, values and nomadic life also limit access of girls’ SE. Based on the study findings, it was recommended that sensitization programmes, and special policies and strategies that promote girls’ access to education are required to raise awareness on the importance of girls’ education.
openalex: W2788799482 mag: 2788799482
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Developing and Using Open Education Resources to Support Teacher Education in Africa - Mugimu, Christopher B. (Excellence in Higher Education, 2010)
This article presents findings of action research during the creation and dissemination process of open education resources (OERs) to support pre-service and in-service teachers in Uganda and other African countries. It highlights the perceptions of teachers and the authoring team of the impact of their involvement in materials creation and dissemination on their practice and professional growth. It also presents lessons learned during the development and implementation process and the best practices for replicating this outreach program in Uganda and beyond. This article also shares insights into how the OERs can boost or contribute to effective teaching and learning especially in under-resourced school situations in Africa, and also shares experiences on best practices on creating the authoring team of OERs.
openalex: W1987581832 mag: 1987581832
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The influence of communication on administration of secondary schools in Delta State, Nigeria - Nakpodia, E. D. (International NGO Journal, 2010)
This study investigated the extent to which communication affects administration of secondary schools in Delta State. It is a survey study based on ex-post facto design. The researcher raised some questions and formulated three hypotheses were tested using z-test to guide the study. The target of the population of the study was 320 public secondary school principals and 9608 teachers in the state. The researcher sampled 30 (9%) principals and 650 teachers (3%) through simple random sampling technique. The instrument was validated in its face and content values. The researcher made some findings that there is a significant difference in the influence of communication on the administration of secondary schools, using school location, sex and experience as the independent variables. Conclusions and recommendations were drawn from the findings that in communication process principals should know that communication can never be over-emphasized in the daily running of the schools; as a result, principals should ensure that communication is effectively carried out to enhance discipline and to maintain law and order. Key words: Communication, administration, secondary schools, Delta State, Nigeria.
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Higher Education in Africa: Equity, Access, Opportunity - O’Hara, Sabine (2010)
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High urinary iodine content (UIC) among primary school children in Ibadan, Nigeria, a public health concern - Onyeaghala, Augustine; Anetor, John I.; Nurudeen, A Bisuga; Oyewole, Oyediran Emmanuel (Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 2010)
Urinary iodine excretion is a good marker for the dietary intake of iodine, and is the index for evaluating the degree of iodine deficiency, correction and toxicity. A study, investigating the random urinary iodine level in school children in Ibadan, a South-Western cosmopolitan city of Nigeria, has not been evaluated, thus the emanation of this study. Random urinary iodine was measured in 300 primary school children in Ibadan after obtaining their consent. The urinary iodine level was measured using the standard method of ammonium persulphate reaction. Classifying the urinary iodine level obtained based on World Health Organization (WHO), United Nation’s International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) recommendation, it was found that 15 (5%) had moderate iodine deficiency, 15 (5%) had mild iodine deficiency, 69 (23%) fell into the sufficient group and 201 (67%) fell into the excess group, with urinary iodine level greater than 300 µg/L. This study infers that if this trend continues unmonitored, the entire population could be prone to developing iodine induced hyperthyroidism (IIH) with the associated toxicity. Key words: Iodine, hyperthyroidism, iodine deficiency disorders, Iodine induced hyperthyroidism.
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Student Migration in South Africa - Tati, Gabriel (Espace populations sociétés, 2010)
The paper examines the migration of students from francophone Africa (Central and West Africa) to South Africa (SA). Various sources of information were used including a survey of students conducted at the University of the Western Cape that serves as a case study. The results reported in this paper clearly indicate that the migration of students from francophone Africa is part of the massive migration influxes of international students currently experienced by South Africa. French-speaking African students move to South Africa because of the lower costs and also because of the deterioration of tertiary institutions in their countries of origin and the failure to meet the requirements for visa to enter industrialized countries. South Africa was a second best option in the destination choice. The country however compares favorably in most educational aspects apart from the social environment. Although the study motive emerges dominantly, the migration motivated by work or both (study and work) is also quite present. This mix of motives appears in both male and female students. The preferences in terms of programme of study are quite balanced between the natural science and the non-natural science related programmes. Working and studying do no exclude each another although employed students are relatively small in number. The type work shows a mix of academic and non-academic related activities in which the students are involved either on Campus or outside the campus. Even after migrating to South Africa, students maintain links with the home country through short visits, remittances and gifts. While in their majority some students intend to go back home after study, others have project of staying to further their study and take up employment in South Africa. This pattern of migration project suggests that migration of francophone students should not only be seen in terms of brain drain or brain gain, but also in terms of brain circulation which may have a major impact on the development of the country of origin.
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Referral of Surgical Patients Abroad: A 5-years Review from a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Addis Ababa Ethiopia - Teffera, E; Lemma, Be-ede; Wamisho, BL (East and Central African Journal of Surgery, 2010)
Background: The general objective of this review was to determine the reasons for referral abroad of surgical patients at Addis Ababa University Medical Faculty, Tikur Anbassa Hospital Methods: The referral slips of patients who were referred abroad from September 2005 – August 2009 by surgical Department were collected and reviewed. Results: The study reviewed a total of 331 patents in the 5 year period mentioned. An average of 66 patients was referred per year. There was an over all male preponderance 183(55.3 %), majority of patients were in the age group 26 - 50 years (173).Most were residents from the Capital, 232 (70 %). Neoplastic diseases both benign and malignant account for 155 cases. Primary brain tumors either malignant or benign account for 74 cases. 97 of the cases had at least one surgical intervention done prior to referral. The overall trend is showing some decrement. The main reason for referral was for better surgical intervention (249). Referral for MRI which accounted for 16 of the referrals in the first 2 years was virtually non existent in the next 3 years. Conclusion: Most cases were form the capital, Neurosurgical cases have been referred more than any other subspecialties, neoplastic changes constitute the main reason for referral, and the overall trend seems decreasing along the course.
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Does Abolishing Fees Reduce School Quality?Evidence from Kenya. - Bold, Tessa; Kimenyi, Mwangi S.; Mwabu, Germano; Sandefur, Justin (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2010)
In 2003 Kenya abolished user fees in all government primary schools. We find that this Free Primary Education (FPE) policy resulted in a decline in public school quality and increased demand for private schooling. However, the former did not reflect a decline in value added by public schools - as anticipated if fees contribute to local accountability - but rather the selection of weaker pupils into free education. In contrast, affluent children who exited to the private sector in response to FPE benefited from a strong, causal effect on their exam ∗ We acknowledge the enormous assistance of Charles Obiero and Samuel Nthenge of the Ministry of Education and Godfrey Ndeng’e and Samuel Kipruto of the Kenyan National Bureau of Statistics in assembling the data sources used here. This document is an output of research funding from the UK Department for International Development (DFID) as part of the iiG, a research programme to study how to improve institutions for propoor growth in Africa and South-Asia. We have benefited from participants’ feedback at iiG events in Nairobi (Institute for Economic Affairs), Kampala (Economic and Policy Research Council) and Oxford (Centre for the Study of African Economies). The views
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Effect of teachers’ and students’ worldviews on learning of O-level chemistry at a school in Harare, Zimbabwe - Kazembe, Takawira; Nyanhi, Gift M. (DergiPark (Istanbul University), 2010)
This study investigated the relationship between students’ and teachers’ enacted worldviews and school culture, and the extent to which cultural beliefs, values and norms and religion influence the teaching and learning of chemistry at a school in Harare. Interviews, observations, and discussions involving students in forms 3 and 4 and their teachers were conducted to study the potential of teachers to help students negotiate cultural borders in the learning of chemistry. Church leaders and community elders were also interviewed to establish their possible influence on the views of the teachers and students. Teachers’ and students’ views on traditional medicine and nature and on traditional medicine and chemistry were used as criteria to match teachers’ and students’ worldviews. It appeared that the worldviews of teachers and students were not sufficiently compatible to permit teachers to effectively assist students to negotiate cultural borders. However, the religious and cultural views the participants brought into the classroom did not have much influence on the teaching of O-level chemistry at this school. Notwithstanding, teachers did not attempt to include community experiences as appropriate prior knowledge. But, all the same, the worldviews of the participants did not appear to be relevant to chemistry learning at the level in question.
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The impact of automated library services and usage on students academic performance in Nigerian Universities - Ossai-Ugbah, Ngozi Blessing (International Journal of Library and Information Science, 2010)
This study examined the extent to which the use of automated electronic information services by students has influenced the academic performance of students in three tertiary institutions in Nigeria: University of Ibadan, Covenant University, Sango Ota and Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso. One thousand and five hundred copies of questionnaire were administered to the users at the three universities. The results revealed that having pre university computer literacy did not account for better academic performance; and students who made use of automated library serves were better exposed to academic materials and performed academically better than those who did not make use of the services of tan automated library. The majority of the users agreed that there is a significant relationship between educational academic exposures with the use of the automated library services, and they were satisfied with these automated electronic library services. However, the major constraints identified by the respondents were slow internet speed, access and automated library facilities are not up and running at all times to meet the varied time students prefer to browse the internet. The research recommended institutions to enlarge their internet bandwidth and make it available anytime of the day or night when the students are free to make use of it. Key words: Impact, automated, library services, academic performance.
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Peace Corps Program Training Specialist for Africa - Rigalo, Krista (2010)
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Impacts of extreme weather and climate change on South African dragonflies - Samways, Michael J. (BioRisk, 2010)
The absence of ice sheets for many millions of years, yet variable topography and changing climate, has generated considerable biodiversity in South Africa. There is no evidence to date that anthropogenic climate change has affected odonate populations in the region. One reason is that the highly varying weather and climate constitutes considerable background noise against which any effects of modern climate change must be measured. Evidence is accumulating that the Holocene interglacial and gradual warming has left some species with isolated populations in montane areas among a matrix of arid land. Many South African odonate species are remarkably vagile and elevationally tolerant, readily immigrating into and emigrating from pools during wet and dry phases respectively. Some species take this movement to greater extremes by moving the southern margins of their geographical range back and forth with varying climate. After floods, populations of riverine odonates can recover within a year, although where the riparian corridor has been stripped of its trees, the recovery is very slow. Various synergistic impacts, particularly from invasive alien woody plants, area severe impact on many riverine species, and reducing their ability to respond positively to changing environmental conditions. Large-scale removal of these woody aliens is greatly benefiting the odonates’ ability to survive in the short-term and to restore natural corridors for movement in the face of possible future climatic changes.
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The Future of Clothing and Textiles in Kenyan Secondary Schools - Serem, Dorcas J.; Mukwa, Chris; Kafu, PA (NURTURE, 2010)
The aim of this study was to investigate the attitude of Home Science students and teachers towards Clothing and Textiles in Home Science discipline of the secondary school curriculum. Home Science is one of the technical and vocational subjects introduced to Africans in Kenya towards the end of the 19th century by Christian missionaries (Wandera, 1967). Home Science was fragmented into Needlework and Foods and Nutrition until 1985 when it was consolidated. The objectives were to establish the teachers’ and students’ attitude towards instruction of Clothing and Textiles and determine problems affecting the instruction of Clothing and Textiles. Simple and systematic random sampling techniques were used to choose schools offering Home Science and students to participate in the study respectively. Data was collected using questionnaire from 409 students and 27 teachers from 21 secondary schools offering Home Science in three (3) districts in Western Kenya. Descriptive statistics was used in data analysis and relationship between variables was established using chi-square tests. The study established that 61% and 78% of teachers and students respectively have positive attitude towards Clothing and Textiles.
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Final report: Tanzania study – ecosystems, development, and climate adaptation: Improving the knowledge base for planning, policy and management - Taylor, Anna; Devisscher, Tahia (2010)
openalex: W2981551359 mag: 2981551359
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Les utilisations d’Internet et des TIC chez les étudiants. Étude de cas des étudiants de l’Unité Technologique de l’Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l'Ouest (UCAO) de Lomé au Togo Student uses of Internet and Information and communication Technologies by students. The case of the Technology Unit at the Catholic University of West Africa in Lomé, Togo - Awokou, Kokou (2010)
L’enseignement superieur au Togo tente de relever le defi de l’informatisation des campus par l’utilisation d’internet et les TIC pour enseigner et apprendre. A partir d’une etude de cas, l’article analyse les utilisations que des etudiants dans un contexte d’enseignement presentiel font de l’ordinateur et d’internet pour leurs apprentissages. Les resultats de l’enquete revelent que l’utilisation d’internet et des ordinateurs par les etudiants est fonction du choix du parcours. En effet lorsque l’etudiant est inscrit dans un parcours ou l’enseignement porte en partie sur l’informatique et donc sur l’utilisation de ces outils, l’etudiant les utilise pour ses activites d’apprentissage (prendre des notes, faire des exercices et des devoirs, faire de la recherche documentaire sur internet…). Ce qui n’est pas le cas des etudiants qui ont choisi des parcours ou l’informatique n’est pas enseignee. Mots cles : TICE — apprentissage – enseignement – utilisation – universite.
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Climate impacts, forest-dependent rural livelihoods and adaptation strategies in Africa: A review - Somorin, Olufunso A. (African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010)
The long term contribution of forests to the livelihoods of the rural poor had been long appreciated. More than half of Africa’s fast-growing population rely directly and indirectly on forests for their livelihoods. As the continent faces stresses from poverty and economic development, another major uncertainty is looming that could alter many of the relationships between people and forests. This uncertainty is climate change. Climate impacts such as changes in temperature and rainfall patterns resulting in drought, flooding, all exert significant effect on forest ecosystems and their provision of goods and services, which form the safety nets for many African rural poor. Building adaptation strategies becomes an option for forest-dependent households and communities, and even countries whose economies largely depend on the related sectors. The review details cases of impacts, underlying causes of vulnerability, and identified coping and adaptation strategies, as reported in their National Communications by many African countries to the United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change.
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Latent Patterns of Risk Behavior in Urban African-American Middle School Students in Baltimore City - Hedden, Sarra L.; Whitaker, Damiya; Thomsen, Sarah von; Severtson, Stevan G.; Latimer, William W. (Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2010)
Students who engage in high-risk behaviors, including early initiation of sexual intercourse, alcohol use, marijuana use, tobacco use, and externalizing behavior are vulnerable to a broad range of adverse outcomes as adults. Latent class analysis was used to determine whether varying patterns of risk behavior existed for 212 urban African-American students from Baltimore public schools who were recruited as part of a study for the prevention of drug use. A two-class model was estimated. The proportion of the sample bearing a high probability of each of the five risk behaviors was 10.7%; in comparison, the proportion of students with a low probability of the risk behaviors was 89.3%. Controlling for other variables, older age and parental drug or alcohol use was associated with being in the high-risk class, whereas neighborhood was not predictive of latent class. Results from this study may be used to target early adolescents with co-occurring risk behaviors for prevention and treatment.
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An Ethnic Cultural Study on African EFL Students' Learning Statuses - Бо, Лю (2010)
openalex: W3213139714 mag: 3213139714
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Djibouti - Second School Access and Improvement : P086994 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 11 - Djemmal, Christina W. (2010)
openalex: W2915957496 mag: 2915957496
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Tailoring Cancer Education and Support Programs for Low-Income, Primarily African American Cancer Survivors - Martin, Michelle Y.; Pollack, Lori A.; Evans, Morgan W.; Smith, Judith Lee; Kratt, Polly; Prayor-Patterson, Heather; Watson, Christopher; Dignan, Mark; Cheney, Lydia C.; Pisu, Maria; Liwo, Amandiy; Hullett, Sandral (Oncology Nursing Forum, 2010)
Purpose/Objectives: To identify the information and stress-management topics of most interest to low-income, predominantly African American cancer survivors.
openalex: W2068594044 mag: 2068594044
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Perceptions and valuation of a community-based education and service (COBES) program in Uganda - Chang, Larry W.; Kaye, Dan K.; Muhwezi, Wilson Winstons; Nabirye, Rose Chalo; Mbalinda, Scovia Nalugo; Okullo, Isaac; Groves, Sara; Kennedy, Caitlin E.; Bollinger, Robert C.; Sisson, Stephen D.; Burnham, Gilbert; Mwanika, Andrew (Medical Teacher, 2010)
Community-based education and service (COBES) has been promoted to improve the education of health professionals, particularly in low-resource settings. However, few evaluations have been performed to guide program development.This study assessed student and educator perceptions and valuation of a Ugandan COBES program.We administered an internet-based survey to students, faculty, and site tutors associated with the Makerere University College of Health Sciences COBES program.255 surveys were completed. Response rates varied (students, 188/684, 27.5%; faculty-site supervisors, 15/23, 65.2%; faculty general, 38/312, 12.2%; site tutors, 14/27, 51.9%). Students valued the COBES program (93.5% some/high value). Tutors enjoyed their work (92.9% agreeing/strongly agreeing). Faculty (n = 53) felt COBES was valuable (90.2% agreeing/strongly agreeing). High student valuation was associated with high quality accommodation (aOR 4.7, 95% CI = 1.6-13.4), free accommodation (aOR 2.9, 95% CI = 1.2-6.8), and tutors who demonstrated enthusiasm for teaching (aOR 3.4, 95% CI = 1.1-10.0). Areas identified for improvement included financial support, student preparation, and tutor training, feedback, and supervision.In this study, COBES was perceived positively by students and educators and learning environment and quality of teaching both contributed to valuation of COBES. Well-implemented COBES programs may offer an opportunity to enhance health sciences education.
openalex: W2105896909 mag: 2105896909
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Investigating the Knowledge Sharing Culture Among Academicians in Higher Learning Institutions in Zambia - Daka, Kaoma L. (2010)
The research examined the existence of a knowledge sharing culture among academicians in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in Zambia. It specifically sought to investigate knowledge sharing and identify factors that aid or hinder knowledge sharing activities among academicians. The exercise was carried out through a survey of 15 randomly selected colleges and universities in the country. The data was collected via self-administered questionnaires and interviews. The first involved the administering of 135 questionnaires, while the second involved conducting interviews with 15 key informants from management in the sampled HLIs as a means of verifying data collected through questionnaires. After carefully analysing the data, the study found found that a knowledge shairing culture exists among academicians in HLIs in Zambia. It was found that academicians engaged in frequent knowledge exchanges amongst themselves and preferred doing so in meetings and via person-to-person interactions. Institutional policies and knowledge sharing initiatives were identified as the major factors influencing knowledge sharing, while lack of motivation and inadequate infrastructure support as the major hindrances to knowledge sharing. The results brought to fore the information on the state of knowledge sharing in higher education in Zambia and draws attention to factors that influence knowledge sharing activities. The study recommended that (i) further research be carried to identify academicians' knowledge seeking behaviour and (ii) the formulation of relevant policies to address the need for motivators and improved infrastructure support. These would enable HLIs leverage their knowledge in today's competitive world.
openalex: W2295708159 mag: 2295708159
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Origin and evolution of post-collisional volcanism: an example from Neoproterozoic Dokhan volcanics at Gabal Nugara area, Northeastern Desert, Egypt - Khalaf, Ezz El Din Abdel Hakim (Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2010)
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DJIBOUTI: Drought Appeal (Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series, 2010)
Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical SeriesVolume 47, Issue 11 p. 18903B-18903C DJIBOUTI: Drought Appeal First published: 22 December 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2010.03599.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume47, Issue11January 2011Pages 18903B-18903C RelatedInformation
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Challenges and Opportunities to Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development Among Tanzanian Rural Communities - Dungumaro, Esther W.; Hydén, Göran (Sustentabilidade em Debate (impresso), 2010)
In more recent years climate change impacts have been obvious around the globe. This non-contentious reality has resulted in various global initiatives to reduce climate change impacts. However, differences exist in opportunities and capacity to adaptation. This paper, descriptive in nature, draws heavily from literature and also uses 2002 Tanzanian population and housing census to identify and discuss major challenges and opportunities to climate change adaptation and sustainable development in rural areas of Tanzania. Two groups are of focus; pastoralist herders and smallholder farmers. Analysis indicates that opportunities to climate change adaptation among rural community include their knowledge and experience. Challenges are centered on the pervasive poverty, rapid population increase and high illiteracy rates. Forces beyond their control including funds and governance also present definite limits to climate change adaptation. The paper suggests among others, the effective implementation of two top policies: education and social security funding.
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The Changing Face of Agricultural Education in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects. - Egun, A. C. (Education 3-13, 2010)
Introduction Education as a philosophical concept has been difficult to define. What is education? What is Education meant to do in/ and for people and how do we know that education is taking place or has taken place? These are pertinent questions which are generally asked. Answers to these questions have over the time varied from one culture to another and even in the same culture varied over time. Generally, education and the educative process remain dynamic; consequently, the expected end of education and the educative process remains for life now and preparation for future living. Education for future living is embedded in futuristic conception of the immediate culture and projection of what type of life is expected of the learners or young recruits of the society. Futuristic education has gained attention of many scholars (Toffler, 1974; Kauffman, 1976; Peretomode, 1993; Igborgbor, 2000 and Egun, 2009). One of the cultural values Nigerian education is expected to transmit is the learning, training and practice of Agriculture. Agriculture most times described as the mother of all sciences has occupied man for a very long time as he depended on it for most of his primary needs–food and shelter. Other sciences which emerged from Agriculture–Chemistry, Biology, even Physics and Mathematics including the Social Science of Economics have all reversed to influence the growth, development and practice of their parent science. Education in Agriculture and Agricultural Education has come a long way in Nigeria. Agricultural practices ab initio in Nigeria has been a way of life passed from parent to the young through imitation or what may appropriately be regarded as apprenticeship mode of teaching (Fafunwa, 1974). Common features of this type of agricultural practice remain peasantry, subsistence and most especially being dominated by aged people. This feature and it's implication long attracted the attention of Mama (1991) when he stated that there is the danger that Nigeria might face near extinction of its farming population resulting from incapacitation of her farmers by age and death. Reforms in Agricultural Education and the emerging globe In Nigeria, education in Agriculture has been on a changing gear and wheel. Agriculture in schools has gone through various names (Egun, 1984; Agwubike and Egun 1996). In all, it is the transformation of the understanding and practice of farming to meet the changing world of the time. Changes in the society, influence of Western education, technological development leading to higher demands from the industries relying on Agriculture and teeming increase in population, have all combined to redirect the course of Agriculture. Hitherto, agricultural practices were transmitted to the young ones through apprenticeship, the setting up of schools transferred greater percentage of the responsibilities in Agriculture to teachers. The need to satisfy the demands of the industries in terms of raw material needs and feeding of the teeming population became pressing in the late 1970s when food import bills started telling on the financial earnings from other sectors of the economy. In 1983, the import bill for food rose to 1.437.9 million naira (Balogun, 1986). This phenomenon has not changed as the country still imports rice for consumption and wheat for the brewery industries. To arrest this situation, government embarked on many programmes such as Operation Feed the Nation (OFN), National Agricultural Food Production Programme (NAFPP), Green Revolution, River Basin Development Authority, Rural Agro-industrial Development Programmes (RAIDS), Better Life for Rural Dwellers, Farming Support Programmes, Agricultural Development Projects (ADP) through the support of various institutional agencies with the policy of self-sufficiency in food production. Lofty as these programmes were, they suffered technical problems of inefficient supply of agricultural inputs of fertilizer, pesticides and improved livestock, low level of agricultural technology, inadequate credit facilities, infrastructural deficiency of storage facilities; socio-economic problems ranging from high production cost low producer price, low labour output and unpredictable market price; problems of organizational efficiency of management and institutional problems of implementation of agricultural policy. …
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Developing Secondary School Libraries in Zambia - Kakoma, Albert K. (2010)
This study examines ways and means of developing school libraries in Zambia. The inclination is towards secondary school libraries. The development of school libraries has been left far behind by rapid development of education that has taken place since 1964; the year Zambia became an independent state. School libraries are being recognised all over the world as being essential educational tools. In developed countries they are integral part of the educational programme. The educational system of Zambia is presented including the planned changes which are aimed at improving the quality of education in schools. The short-comings of the educational system resulting from the absence of good libraries in most schools are also examined. A review of the present situation of school libraries is undertaken. The historical development of school libraries and present practices in Denmark, Australia, North America and the United Kingdom are examined with an emphasis on the actual role of the school library in education. From this examination of the international scene recommendations are made for the development of school libraries in Zambia including the training of personnel to staff them.
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African American Students' Experiences with Special Education in Milwaukee Public Schools - Obiakor, Festus E.; Beachum, Floyd D.; Harris, Mateba K. (Western journal of black studies, 2010)
The 1954 Brown v. School Board of Education case in Topeka, Kansas was a civil rights case that declared separate education as unequal and unconstitutional (Obiakor, Harris-Obiakor, Garza-Nelson, & Randall, 2005). This was significant because it had the goal of ending segregation in schools on the basis of race, and the vision of opening doors of advocacy for students with special needs (Blanchett, Mumford, & Beachum, 2005; Huefner, 2000). Today, it appears that equitable educational programming and are becoming far-fetched in certain spheres. For example, Katisyannis, Yell, and Bradley (2001) observed that more than 1.75 million students with exceptionalities failed to receive educational services, forcing families to seek costly educational services outside of the public sphere. Even when services are received, there seem to be inequities in identification, assessment, categorization, placement, and instruction (Obiakor, 2007). It is no wonder then, that there has been a series of laws, amendments, and reauthorizations enacted, such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) of 2004. In some measure, the IDEIA has reinforced the adequate provision of educational services to students and has continued to ensure procedural safeguards that guarantee meaningful participation in the evaluation process. In addition, this law mandates that teachers of students with exceptionalities be highly qualified, meaning they are certified in the content areas they are teaching and they possess a bachelor's degree. Interestingly, these standards are consistent with the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, a law that promises to make education and service providers accountable at all levels. Other provisions of the IDEIA include changes to the Individualized Education Program (IEP) and due process as they affect students, parents, and schools (Smith, 2005). Even with all these legal mandates and impositions, African American continue to experience inadequate and inequitable general and special education services. This is especially evident in urban cities like Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In this article, we address phenomenal special education problems in the context of Milwaukee Public Schools (MPS) and prescribe strategies to remedy them. Background and Context for Special Education Special education is a necessary component of public education that provides additional, supplementary, and different services to students with exceptionalities. It includes effective methods of specially designed instruction for students who require specific, controlled, monitored, and intensive content (Hockenbury, 1999). Special education provides students with exceptionalities an education that helps them to achieve meaningful outcomes while simultaneously experiencing as valued members of general programs and classes (Ford, Davern, & Schnorr, 2001). Clearly, special education involves individualizing instruction with the aim of helping students who have special needs to gain access to the general curriculum (Shealey, Lue, Brooks, & McCray, 2005). Further, it provides services to students who have met the criteria for different disability areas that are set forth by the government. There are processes that must take place before students are classified as students with special needs. Within the MPS context, they include the identification, referral, evaluation, eligibility, placement, and enrollment processes, which are discussed in the following sections. The Identification Process Before a student is classified as having a disability, he or she must be identified as having suspected special education needs. Many students attending school in an urban setting are designated as slow learners or learning disabled at the beginning of their educational careers. They are sorted out of higher level math, science, and other rigorous subjects because of the inaccurate perception that they are incapable of at the required level (Howard, 1995). …
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The Effect of Concept Mapping and Problem Solving Teaching Strategies on Achievement in Biology among Nigerian Secondary School Students. - Okoye, Nnamdi S.; Okechukwu, Rose N. (Education 3-13, 2010)
Scientist and science educators over the years have been focusing attention on how to improve science instruction in schools by going beyond the stereotypic methods of obtaining knowledge in science. There has been emphasis in science teaching and on students' active involvement in doing science. The Nigerian National Policy on education (2004) and the Biology curriculum sees biology as a practical and inquiry oriented subject that should be taught practically (involving students in the art of doing). When the students are involved in doing science, science process skills such as careful observations, interpreting, predicting events, designing experiment, organizing information, reporting and generalization will be acquired. The teacher has been found to be a very important factor in the implementation of any curriculum (Nneji, 1999); Okoye, (1999) and Umeh, (2002). Ajaja and Kpangban (2000) asserted that what the student knows or does not know depend mainly on the teacher. The Biology teacher should therefore be equipped with the fight teaching strategies for effective learning to take place. Okpala (1991), Okoye (1999), Umeh (2002), Okebukola (2002), and Okechukwu (2003) have shown that both teachers and students find ecology, evolution and genetics difficult to teach understand respectively. These difficulties may arise as a result of misconception. Yip (1998) revealed that inexperienced biology teachers hold a number of conceptual errors which are prevalent among secondary school students Concept maps are diagrams indicating inter-relationships among concepts as representation of meaning or educational framework specific to a domain of knowledge. (Novak, 1990). Okebukola (1997) believed that the maps can be applied to any subject matter or to any level within the subject. Genetics being a somewhat difficulty aspect of biology deserve a systematic way of learning and problem solving technique. Most students in the senior secondary schools in Nigeria opt for biology in the senior secondary examinations. Despite the attraction this subject enjoys, student's poor achievement in Biology is alarming. Okebukola (1998) reported that between 1991 and 1995 only about 25% of the candidates presented for Biology in the Nigerian senior secondary school examination passed at credit level. However, researchers have blamed the state of Biology teaching and students performance on factors such as (i) lack of qualified teachers and inadequate practical work Ali, (1998) (ii) use of traditional teaching methods (Ollarewaju, (1986) and (iii) the highly conceptual nature of biology (Schmid and Telaro, 1990; and Umeh, 2002). However, there is an obvious tendency that practical scientific methods such as concept mapping and problem solving is muddled up with theory during teaching to the extent that the efforts distorts theoretical understanding of biological concepts. Biology teachers must consider separately the aims of each topic and use appropriate method of teaching it so that students can establish a self-sufficient rationale and modus operandi for each. It is this area of interaction between concept mapping and problem solving strategies that this study seeks to examine, to see how the two teaching strategies may help to ensure better understanding of biology in senior secondary schools. The implication of this to science teaching is to help students to acquire, cognitive understanding of Biological knowledge and concepts and also a mastery of the skills for their private studies in science. The study therefore seeks to examine the effect of concept mapping and problem solving strategies on achievement in Biology among secondary schools students. Research Problem Concept mapping and problem solving teaching strategies in science teaching are designed to help students acquire basic scientific skills and improved performance. Some science educators agree that concept mapping and problem solving promote students' achievement in science. …
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Teenage Pregnancy and Prevalence of Abortion among In-school Adolescents in North Central, Nigeria - Aderibigbe, S.A.; Araoye, Margaret O.; Akande, T.M.; Monehin, Joseph; Musa, O.I.; Babatunde, Oluwole Adeyemi (Asian Social Science, 2010)
This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in public secondary schools in Ilorin to determine pregnancy outcomes among adolescents.Multistage sampling technique was used to select 521 respondents for the study.The research instrument was a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire.All respondents were between 10-19 years (Mean=15.84+2.269)with 53% being males.About one third (28.2%) of all the respondents were sexually active; 63.9% were males and 36.1% were females.Female respondents who had ever been pregnant constitute 5.7% of all sexually active female respondents while 17% of all sexually active males had ever impregnated a girl.Abortion prevalence was 100% for females while 87.5% of males that have ever gotten a girl pregnant told the girls to abort the pregnancies.All the abortions were induced and done by unqualified personnel.www.ccsenet.org/ass
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Vulnerability to Brain-Drain among Academics in Institutions of Higher Learning in Ethiopia - Semela, Tesfaye (Asian Social Science, 2010)
This study investigated the extent, causes, and correlates of vulnerability to brain-drain among Ethiopian academics in higher education institutions (HEIs).The sample constituted a total of 103 faculty members (Females 9.3% and Males 90.7%) drawn from three colleges and four faculties affiliated to the Debub University.Data were collected through self-reported measures assessing vulnerability to brain-drain (external brain-drain conceptualized as intention to remain in a western country given that they would have opportunities for further study or research; and internal brain drain defined as a brain circulation within the country), affective job characteristics (job satisfaction and organizational commitment), and work environment factors.The results show that affective job characteristics and work environment variables significantly predicted vulnerability to internal brain-drain.While external brain drain is associated with vulnerability to internal brain drain and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).A closer investigation into the prominence of the pull and push factors further disclosed that working condition and the salary are the outstanding ones.Implications of the findings for policy making are also discussed.
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The Impact Of Education On Economic Growth: The Case Of Mauritius - Odit, Mohun Prasadsing; Dookhan, K.; Fauzel, Sheereen (The international business & economics research journal, 2010)
This paper focuses on the impact of investment in education on economic growth in Mauritius. It is an attempt to explore the extent to which education level of the Mauritian labour force affects its economic growth that is its output level. We have used the Cobb-Douglas production function with constant returns to scale where human capital is treated as an independent factor of production in the human capital augmented growth model. We expect to contribute to the existing literature by bringing evidence from a data set for the period 1990 to 2006 obtained from the central statistical office and Bank of Mauritius reports. The results reveal that human capital plays an important role in economic growth mainly as an engine for improvement of the output level. There is compelling evidence that human capital increases productivity, suggesting that education really is productivity-enhancing rather than just a device that individuals use to signal their level of ability to the employer.
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Students’ Housing and Academic Performance in University of Ibadan, Nigeria - Sanni, Lekan; Omotayo, O. O. (IBADAN JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2010)
Constrained by inadequate bed ~paces for her teeming students population, the management of the University of Ibadan evolved a policy ensuring that, on the average, each undergraduate student is accommodated on-campus yin the first and final veal’s while intervening years are spent off-campus. The study investigated the effects of this students’ housing programme 011 academic performance. Faculty of the Social Sciences was randomly selected, front where all final year undergraduate students were purposively sampled for the study; using a set of pre-tested questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Only 195 of the 230 copies of the questionnaire administered were returned and analyzed for the study. Secondary data were also obtained front both published and unpublished sources. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data collected Significant differences were not found in academic performances of on-campus and Off-campus students. While analysis of quantitative data revealed no significant relationships between indicators of students’ housing quality and academic performance, qualitative data from in-depth interviews identified diverse challenges posed by these indicators to students’ academic performance in the university. Strategies were proposed to address the identified
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Reframing Professional Development for South African Schools - Steyn, G.M. (Education and Urban Society, 2010)
Often research on the professional development (PD) of staff is framed within a problem-based context that focuses on the PD-related problems experienced by staff. This study pursued a different approach by using the appreciative inquiry (AI) theoretical perspective to study the positive experiences of staff in respect of PD and their desire to improve the practice of PD even further. A qualitative study was carried out among four schools with maximum variance. The findings reveal the main aim of continuing PD, the changing attitudes engendered by PD, the prominent role of the principal and the requirements for effective PD programs including the selection of facilitators, appropriate venues and the timing and duration of workshops, as well as feedback on workshops. The study provides evidence that an AI approach may be used as a basis for identifying guidelines on improving PD practice. The article concludes with implications of the findings for principals of schools.
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Bioethics Training in Uganda: Report on Research and Clinical Ethics Workshops - Griggins, Cynthia; Simon, Christian; Nakwagala, Frederick Nelson; Pentz, Rebecca D. (HEC Forum, 2010)
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Antecedents Of South African High School Pupils Acceptance Of Universities SMS Advertising - Radder, Laetitia; Pietersen, Jacques; Wang, Hui; Han, Xiliang (International Business & Economics Research Journal, 2010)
Based on its versatility as a personal and direct medium of communication, short message service (SMS) provides a potentially useful avenue to higher educational institutions for marketing their programs to prospective students. However, the success of mobile marketing depends largely on its acceptance by the target population. This study explores antecedents to pre-final year high school pupils’ acceptance of South African universities’ SMS advertising. Results show that social influence is a better predictor of the target market’s intentions to adopt SMS advertising than attitudes are. Behavioral intentions are a function of attitudes, social influences, innovation levels, and perceived study utility. No significant relationship exists between perceived risk and SMS advertising acceptance. South African universities could consider using SMS advertising in conjunction with traditional media, but should ensure that SMS content is based on the needs of their target market.
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ADAPTCost Project: Analysis of the Economic Costs of Climate Change Adaptation in Africa - Downing, Thomas E.; Dyszynski, J.; Watkiss, Paul (2010)
This monograph summarises the findings from the Adapt Cost project, which support the statement from the Tunis Roundtable. The project investigated and built evidence of the costs of adaptation, producing a range of estimates for climate adaptation in Africa using different evidence. The monograph will help African policymakers and the international climate change community to establish a collective target for financing adaptation in Africa.
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THE IMPACT OF TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE WORK PERFORMANCE BEHAVIOUR-A CASE STUDY OF GOVERNMENT AIDED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IBANDA DISTRICT, UGANDA. - Mwesigwa, Albert (2010)
The study sets out to find out the impact of training on employee work performance behavior among secondary school teachers. The study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire, observation checklist and an interview guide. Primary and Secondary data collection methods were used. The results of the study were analysed qualitatively, percentages and frequencies for comparison of opinions were generated. The study was informed by Human capital theory. This research paper consists of five chapters: Chapter one presents the introduction to the study, background, research questions, objectives, scope and significance of the study. Chapter two presents the review of literature, chapter thee presents the methodology used to conduct the study, chapter four presentation and discussion of findings and chapter five consists of summary, conclusions and recommendations .The study was based on the following questions: What effects does training have on work behaviour in secondary schools? What are the teachers‘ opinions towards the training provided in Secondary schools? What are the procedures followed in selecting secondary school teachers for training? From the study, it was revealed that training has a positive impact on teachers‘ work behaviour hence improved performance and this impact is more significant in boarding schools where such training is supported by the current schooling system, structures and facilitation. The headteachers interviewed confirmed that the effect is observed through teachers working as a team and assisting each other where they are conversant, share ideas for effective and efficient teaching and learning, cover of curriculum timely, preparation and following of lesson plans and schemes of work appropriately, competence enhancement and performance with dedication to rhyme with qualifications and improved practical skills. It was revealed that as a result of training, the teacher – student relationship improved due to change of attitude towards students. Some of the teachers practice ‗open door policy‘ whereby students approach their teachers singly or in two‘s with no apparent uneasiness marked with seriousness and relaxation to pursue academic goal. The ways teachers perform their tasks and the manner of interaction have profound effect on pupils. However, pupils behaviour, personality, ability, sex and social background influence teachers reaction to pupils and pupils reaction to teachers despite teachers training. Therefore good academic performance of a school depends on how teachers and students are committed to that aim and commitment is enhanced by change of attitude that is gained through training. It was revealed that there are complaints like lack of promotion after training, lack of provision for allowances while on training if any, lack of facilitation for training, denial of study leave for teachers who sponsor themselves, lack of government sponsorship, training is in most cases provided for science subject teachers leaving arts teachers as if they are not relevant. Therefore, the attitude of teachers towards training provided is negative because the training initiatives are not designed properly at all and there is no value attached to those who have trained. x The ways in which training is viewed and managed is seriously defective in that training is not based on systematically identified needs resulting into adhoc and supply driven training on the other hand, the race for higher qualifications coupled with lack of coordination or thorough selection of people who attend long-term courses has encouraged people to solicit funds for training in areas which do not match their jobs or the needs of service. The study further revealed a general nature of the training policy that cannot help the teachers. This left teachers to go for training as they wish leaving the process rather haphazard. There are anomalies that were identified in the management of training function for teachers such as lack of professionalism and planning, lack of training needs analysis, poor coordination, lack of career training milestones not leading to relevant competency, training being largely supply driven, discrimination in availing training opportunities, public officials undertaking training without due authority at the expense of government. The study recommends the making of clear training policy for teachers and the current methods /criteria for selection of teachers need review. Stakeholders should initiate dialogue to come up with policy to guide and address issues of funding, selection criteria, study leave and coordination of training. Schools should also provide and allocate financial and other resources in the budgets for increased training opportunities. Political and bureaucratic commitment in facilitating the integration between training and personnel policies should be stressed
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Ophthalmology as a career choice of final year medical students in Nigeria. - Adio, AO (Port Harcourt Medical Journal, 2010)
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Building Capacity of Teachers and Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Sudan - Ahmed, Hashim (2010)
openalex: W1728062539 mag: 1728062539
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Africa and Climate Change: Impacts, Policies and Stance Ahead of Cancún - Alfaro-Pelico, Raúl Iván (Análisis del Real Instituto Elcano ( ARI ), 2010)
This analysis reviews the effects of climate change in Africa, the response measures undertaken in the continent and the expected position of African countries at the meeting at Cancun, Mexico. The analysis first provides an overview of climate change impacts in Africa. It begins with a brief review of general climate projections for Africa, with their overall impacts. Later, it moves on to assess specific climate impacts of the continent’s climate zones. The paper uses a sample of African countries to provide specific details of vulnerability in accordance with national circumstances. Secondly, the analysis looks at the policies implemented so far, or foreseen, in Africa, to respond to the climate threats previously reviewed. The analytical framework proposed is in line with the approach followed in the Bali Action Plan, which was established ahead of last year’s Copenhagen summit. That is, it reviews measures undertaken to respond to climate change in terms of mitigation actions, adaptation responses, technology interventions and finance provisions. This section briefly concludes with an overview of the contributions of Spain and the EU to these measures, before and after Copenhagen. Against this background, the third section of the analysis looks at the negotiating position of Africa in the aftermath of COP-15. Namely, it looks at the demands of the Africa Group and other relevant alliances within the continent, for consideration in Cancun.
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Choosing the Tifinaghe Writing System to Teach-Learn Amazigh in Morocco : Conditions, Representations and Practices - Barkani, Bouchra El (2010)
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3 Understanding the Dynamic Nature of Vulnerability to Support Climate Adaptation and Development: The Case of the Lesotho Highlands - Bharwani, Sukaina; Taylor, Anna (2010)
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Varicella outbreak in Indian students in Magdeburg with detection of the African‐Indian VZV clade 5 - Kolesnik, Malgorzata; Sauerbrei, Andreas; Franke, Ingolf; König, Wolfgang; Gollnick, Harald; Bonnekoh, Bernd (Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, 2010)
Summary Varicella has the highest contagiosity index of all viral diseases. We report an endemic outbreak of varicella among 4 Indian students in Magdeburg in November and December 2008. An initially severe course was observed in three of these patients with a negative vaccination status. Large vesicular skin lesions with a diameter of up to 8 mm were found in all patients. Molecular genetic tests revealed African/Indian clade 5 in 2 patients, although the European clades (i.e., clade 1 and 3) are the most common in Germany, accounting for 85 %. All patients recovered without any complications after administration of intravenous aciclovir at a dosage of 10 mg per kg body weight. Although isolated cases of varicella are not notifiable according to the German Protection against Infection Act, endemic outbreaks must be reported to the appropriate health surveillance authorities.
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Farm income, gender differentials and climate risk in Cameroon: typology of male and female adaptation options across agroecologies - Molua, Ernest L. (Sustainability science (Internet), 2010)
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Applicability of the theory of planned behavior in predicting intended use of Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing services among teachers of Harari Region, Ethiopia - Omer, Shemsedin; Haidar, Jemal (The Ethiopian journal of health development, 2010)
Background: The predictive validity and applicability of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) may be a promising model for understanding and predicting intended behaviors to use VCT services.The need for theory based study would thus be essential in designing evidence based HIV-related interventions in the future.Objectives: To examine the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the additional predictive role of perceived risk in predicting intended use of Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (VCT) services.Methods: A cross sectional study design was conducted among 20 randomly selected schools in Harari Region between March and April 2009.Four hundred ninety seven randomly selected teachers consented to participate in the study giving a response rate of 87.8%.Self administered questionnaire, adopted from the TPB was used for data collection.Multiple linear regression models were used to predict the role of important variables that can influence the intention to use VCT among teachers using SPSS version 15.Result: More than half (53.7%) who had never used VCT service were considered in the analysis for the intended VCT service use.All the modal variables correlated significantly with behavioral intention.Subjective norm (r=0.45,p<0.001), perceived behavioral control (r=0.42,p<0.001) attitude (r=0.33,p<0.001) and perceived susceptibility(r=0.25,p<0.001), were significantly and positively correlated while perceived severity to the illness (r= -0.14, P<0.001) was significantly but negatively correlated with behavioral intention.Perceived severity of the illness, normative belief and having high level of self control were the major predictors for intended use of VCT. Conclusion:The study demonstrated that the TBP is a useful model for evidence based educational programs focusing mainly on creating supportive social system and strengthens their self efficacy for positive VCT uptake.[
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Complex Multiple Stressors and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Case of a Rural South African Community - Takama, Takeshi; Ziervogel, Gina; Taylor, Anna (2010)
openalex: W2988319310 mag: 2988319310
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Assessing communication on sexual and reproductive health issues among high school students with their parents, Bullen Woreda, Benishangul Gumuz Region, North West Ethiopia - Yesus, Desalegn Gebre; Fantahun, Mesganaw (Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 2010)
Background: "Adolescents "and "young people "are defined by WHO as the age group 10-19 years and 10-24 years, respectively.Young people make up over one -quarter of the world's population.Neglecting this population has a major implication on sexual and reproductive behaviors as they develop into adults.The health threats for adolescents today are predominantly behavioral rather than biomedical and more of today's adolescents are involved in health behaviors with potential for serious consequences.Hence, it is important to understand the exposure of school students to sexual and reproductive health knowledge and skills at different places including home.Objective: To assess the level and factors influencing communication between school students and parents on sexual and RH issues.Methods: A cross-sectional survey using self-administered questionnaire and supplemented by focus group discussion was conducted in January 2006 at Bullen Woreda preparatory and high schools in northwest Ethiopia.Results: A total of 412 young people participated in the study.Of these, 284(68.9%)were males and the rest 29.1% females About 13% of the respondents were sexually active.School was mentioned as the most common source of information for sexual and reproductive health issues followed by friends.Three hundred sixty two (88%) respondents believed that it is important to discuss sexual and reproductive health issues/matters with parents.However, only 119 (28.9%) of them discussed on two or more SRH topics with their parents.A high proportion of both male (78%) and female (72%) students preferred to discuss sexual and reproductive health issues with peers compared to less than 27% who prefer to discuss with parents.Conclusions: Although the majority of the students think discussion on sexual and reproductive health issues is important, they prefer to discuss with peers as this makes them more comfortable.Thus, it is essential to improve the sexual and Reproductive Health knowledge of school students to enhance peer influence positively and improve parent student communications through targeted family life education activities among students and parents.[
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The Use of Climate Science in Agricultural Adaptation in Africa - Ziervogel, Gina; Cartwright, Anton (2010)
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Integrating climate change information into development and disaster management planning: Lessons from Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia - Ziervogel, Gina; Taylor, Anna (2010)
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The Supply of Science Teachers to Secondary Schools in Ondo State, Nigeria a Critical Analysis - Adeyemi, T. O. (Asian journal of information management, 2010)
This paper investigated the supply of science teachers to secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. It was an ex-post facto and descriptive research. The study population comprised all the 281 secondary schools and 4 higher institutions in the State as well as 30 higher institutions from neighbouring States producing teachers for secondary schools. The sample in respect of secondary schools was identical with the population. Since only 2 out of the 4 higher institutions in the State produce teachers, the 2 higher institutions were selected for the study. Out of the 30 higher institutions in neighbouring States, 16 were selected thereby giving a total sample of 18 higher institutions. The method of selection was by multi-stage, purposeful and stratified random sampling. The instrument used was an inventory while the data collected were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. It was found that science teachers were in less proportion compared to non-science teachers in all the schools. Male science teachers were in greater numbers than female science teachers in the schools. The number of science teachers supplied from higher institutions outside the State was greater than the number supplied from higher institutions within the State The supply of science teachers did not match the demand for them in the schools. It was concluded that higher institutions in the State had not been supplying sufficient number of science teachers to the schools. It was then recommended that more efforts should be made by government to increase the supply of science teachers to schools. Keywords : supply of science teachers, demand for science teachers, enrolment growth rates
openalex: W2320228066 mag: 2320228066
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Adapting to climate change: an integrated biophysical and economic assessment for Mozambique - Arndt, Channing; Strzepeck, Kenneth; Tarp, Finn; Thurlow, James; Fant, Charles; Wright, Len (Sustainability Science, 2010)
Mozambique, like many African countries, is already highly susceptible to climate variability and extreme weather events. Climate change threatens to heighten this vulnerability. In order to evaluate potential impacts and adaptation options for Mozambique, we develop an integrated modeling framework that translates atmospheric changes from general circulation model projections into biophysical outcomes via detailed hydrologic, crop, hydropower and infrastructure models. These sector models simulate a historical baseline and four extreme climate change scenarios. Sector results are then passed down to a dynamic computable general equilibrium model, which is used to estimate economy-wide impacts on national welfare, as well as the total cost of damages caused by climate change. Potential damages without changes in policy are significant; our discounted estimates range from US$ 2.3 to US $7.4 billion during 2003-2050. Our analysis identifies improved road design and agricultural sector investments as key 'no-regret' adaptation measures, alongside intensified efforts to develop a more flexible and resilient society. Our findings also support the need for cooperative river basin management and the regional coordination of adaptation strategies.
openalex: W1991469016 mag: 1991469016
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Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Affecting Body Mass Index of Adolescents Students Aged 10-19 in Ambo (a Rural Town) in Ethiopia - Haidar, Jemal; Yetubie, Mesert; Kassa, Hailu; Fallon, L. Fleming (International Journal of Biomedical Science, 2010)
Background: Body mass index (BMI) is a commonly used anthropometric measurement to estimate the level of nutritional indices (underweight/overweight) of adolescents and adults. Knowledge of the factors affecting BMI is essential for developing intervention programs. This study was conducted to measure BMI and determine the socioeconomic and demographic factors affecting the relative weight of adolescents living in rural districts in Ethiopia. Methods: A randomized cross-sectional study of 425 adolescent students living in the Ambo region of Ethiopia was conducted. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the socioeconomic and demographic status of the participants. BMI (weight/height2, kg/m2) was measured and used as index of relative weight. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. A stepwise backward logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the major determinant abnormal weight of the adolescents while controlling for co-linearity. Results: The prevalence of underweight was 27.2% with male preponderance. The proportion of normal weight females was higher than that of males. There was no significant difference in the proportion of overweight males and females. Age, number of meals, parental education level, source of food, and number of cattle owned were correlated with being underweight. After adjusting for confounding variables only being a member of the younger age group (AOR=1.99; 95% CI=1.01 to 3.57), source of food (AOR=2.4; 95% CI=1.24 to 4.74), and a greater number of cattle owned (AOR=4.9; 95% CI=1.27 to 19.28 were positively correlated with being underweight. Conclusion: Younger age adolescents, those who come from homes with no or few cattle, and their parents purchased food were likely to be underweight. This study will help local governments, educators and community groups develop programs to assist underweight adolescents attending schools.
openalex: W4386990620
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Awareness of the phototoxic effects of sunlight among South African university students - Oduntan, Olalekan A.; Clarke-Farr, Peter C.; Hansraj, Rekha; Carlson, Anthony (African Vision and Eye Health, 2010)
Due tothe depletion of the atmospheric ozone, there is currently a great concern for the phototoxic effects of sunlight on humans worldwide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the awareness of the phototoxic effects of sunlight among a sample of South African university students. A questionnaire on awareness of the adverse effects of excessive exposure to sunlight was completed by the participants and findings were analyzed. Ages of the participants (n=1832) ranged from 17 to 55 years (mean = 21.03 ± 3.44) and there were 43.7% males and 56.3% females. Many, (73.9%) agreedthat excessive exposure to the sun is harmful to health, but only 56.9% could adequately explain how it is harmful to health. Many, (68.2%) agreed that fair-skinned individuals are more likely to be affected by the sun than dark-skinned ones. Only 52% reported that childhood exposure to sunlight is more dangerous than adulthood exposure. A few (32.9%) agreed that short term intensive exposure was more dangerous than chronic regular moderate exposures. Although 72.3% had heard about ultraviolet (UV) radiation, only 47.1% had heard of cataracts and fewer (25.7%) agreed that cataracts can be caused by UVR exposure. A few (28.7%) had heard of macular degeneration, but only 17.6% agreed that it can be caused by UVR. Although awareness was good in certain aspects, it was poor in others; suggesting the need for an awareness campaign among South Africans. It is recommended that the awareness campaign should include avoidance of excessive exposure and the use of appropriate protective devices. (S Afr Optom 2010 69(3) 146-151)
openalex: W2202056145 mag: 2202056145
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Christopher Grzelak SCJ, THE „INCLUSIVE PLURALISM” OF JACQUES DUPUIS. ITS CONTRIBUTION TO A CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY OF RELIGIONS AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE SOUTH AFRICAN INTERRELIGIOUS CONTEXT, Pietermaritzburg (Republic of South Africa) - Lublin (Poland) 2010, ss. 348. Seria: Religie świata - Świat religii pod red. Eugeniusz Sakowicz and Krzysztof Sakowicz, nr 5. - Omi, Wojciech Kluj (Annales Missiologicae Posnanienses, 2010)
openalex: W2804735800 mag: 2804735800
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Refractive error in school children in Agona Swedru, Ghana - Ovenseri-Ogbomo, Godwin; Assien, R. (African Vision and Eye Health, 2010)
Uncorrected refractive errors remains a public health problem among different population groups. Among schoolchildren, uncorrected refractive errors have a considerable impact on learning andacademic achievement especially in underserved and under-resourced communities. A school based cross-sectional study was carriedout to estimate the prevalence and distribution of refractive error among schoolchildren in the Agona Swedru municipality of Central Region of Ghana. 637 schoolchildren aged 11-18 years old were randomly selected for the study. Non-cycloplegic refraction was performed on each child who failed the reading test. Hyperopia was defined as spherical power of ≥ + 0.75 D, myopia as ≤ – 0.50 D and astigmatism as a cylindrical power of ≤ – 0.50 D. Of the children examined, only 13.3% had previously had an eye examination.Visual impairment (VA of 6/12 or worse in the better eye) was present in 4.5% of the children examined. Of those who failed the reading test, 85.9% had refractive error. The prevalence of hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism was 5.0%, 1.7% and 6.6% respectively. The study concludes that uncorrected refractive error is a common cause of visual impairment among schoolchildren in the municipality. A low uptake of eye care is also noted in the study. The study therefore recommends that the education authority in collaboration with the District Health Directorate institute appropriate measures to ensure compulsory eye examination for schoolchildren in the Agona Swedru district. (S Afr Optom 2010 69(2) 86-92)
openalex: W2206059367 mag: 2206059367
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CHILDREN’S PERCEPTION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SCHOOL SPORT IN SWAZILAND - Toriola, O.M. (The Shield - Research Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science., 2010)
Children’s perception of physical education and school sport (PESS) influences their intention to participate in physical activities and understanding of its learning outcomes. Evaluation of students’ attitudes towards PESS can also be helpful to educators to gain deeper insight into the challenges facing the subject in schools, especially given the fact that the status of PESS has declined considerably in many countries (Hardman & Marshall, 2001). In this study, the Sport in Education (SpinEd) questionnaire developed by Bailey and Dismore (2005) was administered to 405 primary and junior secondary school students (225 boys and 180 girls) aged 6-15 years in Mbabane, Manzini and Piggs Peak, Swaziland. Results were analysed descriptively. Children’s responses concerning PESS were categorized under five domains, i.e. physical, cognitive, social, affective and lifestyle. In general, Swazi children had positive attitudes towards PESS, with older girls indicating less favourable attitudes than the younger ones. The girls also had poorer perceived competence in PESS activities compared to the boys. Regardless of age and sex, the children overwhelmingly rated Mathematics, Science and English as more important than PESS. The physical domain accounted for the children’s positive perception of PESS as they gave similar reasons for participating in PESS activities regardless of gender, i.e. to be healthy and fit, prepare for school sport competition and identify with own school. The implications of the findings for designing and implementing quality PESS programmes in Swazi schools were discussed.
openalex: W3034757917 mag: 3034757917
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An assessment of user education in academic libraries:the case of the University of Zambia - Akakandelwa, Akakandelwa (2010)
This study assessed the effectiveness of the current user education programs at the University of Zambia(UNZA).Specifically,the study sought to identify the types of user education programs offered at UNZA;obtain the views of students,academic faculty and library staff on the effectiveness of the current user education programs;determine academic faculty's need for library use in their classes and their opinion on student's need for user education that should be provided to students.The study also sought to identify problems,if any,that affect user education and its effective implementation at UNZA.Furthermore,the study intended to ascertain the extent to which user education has administrative and academic support at UNZA.In order to achieve the above objectives,data were collected from respondents through closed and open-ended questionnaires and structured interviews.Five hundred and forty-four(544)questionnaires were distributed to students and out of these 355(67%)were completed and returned.Sixty-six questionnaires were distributed to the academic faculty,out of which 64%(97%)were completed and returned.Furthermore,six professional library staff were interviewed.The study has revealed that the current user education programs at the University of Zambia mainly consist of library orientations in the form of guided tours.It has been found that these programs are inadquate in content,timing and approach.There is no written policy with regard to library user education.Furthermore,the user education programs are not reflected in the mission statement of the library.The study has also revealed that the majority of the students are aware of the availability of library-based information technology resources but lack skills to use these resources and as a result these resources are underutilized.Furthermore,it has been revealed that that part from academic faculty in the faculties of Humanities and Samora Machel Veterinary Medicine,the level of academic faculty's involvement in user education is very low.Academic faculty in Humanities and Samora Machel School of Verterinary Medicine run courses that have componets of library skills.Most academic faculty are not involved in the teaching and giving of instruction on how to use various library resources and literature sources relevant to the requirements of their specific disciplines.The major problems affecting user education are a lack of a user education policy,lack of professional library staff,and lack of commitment from library management.Other barriers identified included lack of publicity and current awareness services,poor physical premises,inadquate library collections and information technology,and the unfriendly attitude of library staff.Despite the above problems,the study has revealed that most academic faculty are in support of the introduction of a formal user education where the teaching staff and librarians work in partnership.However,there is a general lack of support from University management in terms of funding.In order to make the user education…
openalex: W2568746682 mag: 2568746682
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Geostatistical prediction of future volcanic eruption and risk assessment for the Mount Cameroon Volcano. - Lapi, P.N; Ofoma, A.E; Amob, J.O; Ngah, S.A; Chiaghanam, O.I (Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2010)
This study presents a statistical analysis forecasting a possible future volcanic eruption in Mount Cameroon.The study is primarily undertaken to assess the risk, determine the frequency of the successive eruptions and from this, forecast a possible future eruption of the Mount Cameroon volcano.This will assist in future planning and possibly put in place hazard mitigation strategies that will forestall the loss of lives and property.Results show that the series of Mount Cameroon eruptions are random and independent of time.Also, it is predicted within the limits of any reasonable doubt that the interval for the next major eruption that will emit lava with a volume of about 10million m 3 is probably in the year 2022.This extrapolation is in line with the May 28, 2000 eruption barely fourteen months after the March -April 1999 eruption.However, the timing may be earlier or later and the volume may be more or less since the predicted values are approximations.
openalex: W1992423999 mag: 1992423999
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Culture, Nostalgia, and Sexuality Education in the Age of AIDS in South Africa - Moletsane, Relebohile (2010)
openalex: W2951208430 mag: 2951208430
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The social dimensions of adaptation to climate change in Mozambique - Patt, Anthony (2010)
The purpose of the Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change (EACC) study is to better understand and estimate the true costs of adapting to climate change in less developed countries. The study is made up of three components. At a global level, there is an analysis of costs across different economic sectors. At a country level, there is an economic component and a social component, taking place in a set of representative case study countries. Mozambique is one of these countries. The economic component of the Mozambique country study has the objective of identifying a set of robust adaptation options for the country, then comparing the direct costs and benefits of those options. To calculate the costs, the team has utilized a computable general equilibrium method. This method is data intensive, it requires a good model of the national economy, but can generate an estimate of the costs of targeted government interventions, in terms of reduced overall economic growth, once those effects have trickled through the labor and capital markets and the economy has returned to equilibrium. The economic team considered a range of adaptation options, which were gathered from the literature and from interactions with national level policy makers and other stakeholders.
openalex: W579342337 mag: 579342337
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Epidemiological Survey of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Occupational Risk Groups and Non School Going Children in the Kintampo North District of Ghana - Tay, Samuel Crowther Kofi; Twum, Welbeck Amoani; Abruquah, H. H. (Journal of the Ghana Science Association, 2010)
Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) remain a major health threat to humans especially children throughout the world, mostly in developing nations including Ghana. The present de-worming programme by the Ministry of Health is only for children of school-going age; hence occupa-tional risk groups and non-school going children may remain as sources of infection throughout the year. The aim of this study was to conduct a survey on STHs in occupational risk groups and non-school going children in the Kintampo North District of the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana. Seven hundred and eleven (711) individuals made up of occupational risk groups and non-school going children, between the ages of 1-90 years, were recruited in a cross sectional survey in six (6) rural communities in the Kintampo North District for various STHs. All faecal samples collected were analyzed using the Kato-Katz method which is recognized as the gold standard for the diagnosis of intestinal helminths. A total of 443 (62.3%) individuals were infected with at least one intestinal parasite. Parasites isolated included hookworm, 376/711 (52.9%); Ascaris lumbricoides, 15 (2.1%); Trichuris trichiura, 6 (0.8%); Hymenolepis nana, 38 (5.3%) and Tae-nia spp., 8 (1.1%). Hookworm prevalence was higher in all the six communities (p0.05). Hookworm intensities observed included 362/376 (96.3%) light infections, 10 (2.7%) moderate infections and 4 (1.1%) heavy infections. All the observed cases of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were of light intensities. The incidence rate of STH infection declined with age with the highest of 151/225 observed in the 1-10 age group. The highest prevalence of 81.1% (99/122) was however recorded among the 11-20 age group. Overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was found to be 62.3%. Hookworm is the predominant STH found among the general populace. The most affected risk groups are the non-school going children. General knowledge on STHs among the community members is low, with poor attitudes and practices towards STH prevention, control and treat-ment. It is recommended that future MoH de-worming programmes should include non-school going children and occupational risk groups.
openalex: W2072592147 mag: 2072592147
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Informal community learning in traditional Africa - Avoseh, Mejai B. M. (2010)
openalex: W2895560644 mag: 2895560644
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African socialism, post-colonial development, and education: Change and continuity in the post-socialist era - Napier, Diane Brook (2010)
This chapter examines the evolution and legacy of African socialism and the features of postcolonial educational transformation in Africa. Drawing on critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature on African socialism, the chapter discusses the role of the state in educational transformations with illustrations from selected countries. The failed promises of African socialism and elements of continuity emerge within a complex suite of factors that influenced postcolonial development in education and other sectors. Empirical research on educational transformation in African countries offers important insights into the difficulties of implementing socialist and other development policies in African countries influenced by global trends.
openalex: W2504119743 mag: 2504119743
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Inclusion of Pupils with Intellectual Disabilities: A Survey of Primary School Teachers' Attitudes and Willingness in Abim District, Uganda - Ojok, Patrick (2010)
openalex: W2401956085 mag: 2401956085
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Armed Robbery and Armed Robbers in Contemporary Nigeria: The social learning and model visited - Otu, Smart (International journal of criminology and sociological theory, 2010)
This present study aligns with the age-long calls for the study of criminal behaviour in different societies as both distinct and the consequence of rapid socio-culture, political, and economic changes blowing over these societies (Clifford 1965; Bennett 1980; Brown, Esbensen and Geis 1991). It succinctly highlights, the ubiquity of armed robbery in contemporary Nigeria, and noting some of its unique characteristics in contemporary Nigeria, the paper holds that both the offence and offenders combine characteristic elements of the western archetype and local (Nigerian) traits. Drawing 86 samples of armed robbers from three selected prisons in the southeastern states of Nigeria, the paper developed a model referred to as “emulation” which offers a far reaching explanation of current robbery in Nigeria. Using the Chi-square statistical test, sources of learning about robbery (independent variable) were weighted against some salient features of the offence such as planning operation, role played by gang members, and reasons for involvement (dependent variables). Analyses of data provide findings which corroborate our constructed model. For instance, results suggest that offenders who learnt about robbery through reading and watching from the screens are more likely to carry weapons, plan operation, share roles, and have unemployment as their major reason for involvement in robbery.
openalex: W1577507225 mag: 1577507225
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Affective and cognitive learning outcomes of radiography students in a Nigerian university : peer reviewed article - Ugwu, AC; Agwu, Kenneth K. (2010)
This study investigated the effective and cognitive learning outcomes of radiography students in Nigerian Universities with particular reference to the Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus. The study employed the case study research design. A non-structured questionnaire was developed and used to obtain information for the study. A sample of 33 students selected through purposive sampling technique drawn from year 2 and year 3 students out of a total population of 45 was used for the study. Using means, standard deviations, t – test and correlation coefficient (O), the study revealed that radiography students fit into their programme of study. In addition, year 2 and year 3 students differ in their perceptions about their future in the profession. A positive relationship between the affective and cognitive learning outcomes of radiography students was obtained revealed. The study recommended that adequate and modern facilities should be provided for radiography students in Nigerian Universities. Also, radiography students should be exposed to counseling to enable them adjust meaningfully in their chosen career.
openalex: W1598281621 mag: 1598281621
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Yemen, Republic of - RY Higher Education Quality Improvement : P110733 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 01 - Braham, Kamel (2010)
openalex: W2201130571 mag: 2201130571
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Water quality modeling of large reservoirs in semi-arid regions under climate change – Example Lake Nasser (Egypt) - Elshemy, Mohamed (2010)
In this work, a hydrodynamic and water quality model was developed for Lake Nubia based on a two-dimensional, laterally averaged and finite difference hydrodynamic and water quality code, CE-QUAL-W2. The model was calibrated and verified using data which were measured in the years of 2006 and 2007 during low flood periods, respectively. Measurements during the flood season are not available. The results of the presented model show a good agreement with the observed hydrodynamic and water quality records. Two water quality indices (WQIs), NSF WQI and CCME WQI, have been developed to assess the state of water quality in the investigated case study, Lake Nubia, during the first low flood period of January 2006. The CCME WQI has been modified to use the Egyptian standards (objectives) of raw water. Moreover, another two trophic status indices, Carlson TSI and LAWA TI, have been developed to evaluate the trophic status of Lake Nubia during the same period of January 2006. Results of the previously developed hydrodynamic and water quality model for Lake Nubia were used to validate the model. According to the developed water quality indices results, Lake Nubia has a good water quality state during the low flood period. The modified CCME WQI (based on measured data) indicates that the Lake Nubia water quality state is excellent according to the Egyptian standards of water quality for surface waterways. Results of the applied trophic status indices show that the Lake Nubia trophic status is eutrophic during the studied period. The effect of the global climate change on the hydrodynamic and water quality characteristics of Lake Nubia was conducted for the 21st century. To do that, the outputs of eleven global climate models for two global emissions scenarios combined with hydrological modeling were used. A theoretical process algorithm has been simplified, further developed and calibrated to modify the initial conditions of dissolved oxygen due to the global climate change effects. A sensitivity analysis has been conducted by using each of the predicted air temperature and inflow data separately in the model in order to investigate its effect on the characteristics of the hydrodynamic and water quality. Three hydrodynamic characteristics of the reservoir were investigated with respect to the climate change: water surface levels, evaporation water losses and thermal structure. In addition, eight water quality characteristics of the reservoir were investigated with respect to the climate change: dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a, ortho-phosphate, nitrate-nitrite, ammonium, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids and potential of hydrogen (pH). Moreover, the climate change effects on the water quality and trophic status indices have been studied. The results of the climate change study show partially significant impacts on the examined hydrodynamic and water quality characteristics, while the water quality and trophic status indices are slightly affected by the climate change scenarios.
openalex: W2790585734 mag: 2790585734
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Self-reported outcomes of aural rehabilitation for adult hearing aid users in a developing South African context - Pienaar, Elaine; Stearn, Natalie Anne; Swanepoel, De Wet (The South African journal of communication disorders. Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir Kommunikasieafwykings, 2010)
Hearing impairment has far reaching consequences for affected individuals, in terms of quality of life indicators. In a developing South African context the hearing impaired population is faced with limited aural rehabilitation services. This study evaluated self-reported outcomes of aural rehabilitation in a group of adults in the public healthcare sector with a standardized outcomes measurement tool (IOI-HA). Sixty-one respondents participated (44% males; 56% females), with a mean age of 69.7 years. Results revealed that the majority of respondents experienced favourable outcomes in all domains of the inventory comprising of: daily use of hearing aids, benefits provided by hearing aids, residual activity limitation, satisfaction with hearing aids, residual participation restriction, impact of hearing difficulties on others, and changes in quality of life. Statistically significant relationships were obtained between the daily use of hearing aids, the degree of hearing loss, and the type of hearing aids fitted, as well as the benefits received from hearing aids in difficult listening environments (p < 0.05). Despite challenges of developing contexts, the mean scores distribution compared positively to similar reports from developed countries. Outcomes of improved quality of life emphasize the importance of providing affordable hearing aids and services to all hearing impaired individuals in South Africa.
openalex: W2127572047 mag: 2127572047
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Screening for childhood blindness and visual impairment in a secondary school in rural Malawi - Sherwin, Justin C; Dean, William; Metcalfe, Nick (Eye, 2010)
Screening for childhood blindness and visual impairment in a secondary school in rural Malawi
openalex: W2011426916 mag: 2011426916
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Morocco - First Education Development Policy Loan : P117838 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 02 - Waite, Jeffrey (2010)
openalex: W257660351 mag: 257660351
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Sociocultural representations of epilepsy in schools in Bangui, Central African Republic - M’Belesso, Pascal; Tabo, André; Aliamus, Vincent; Kamayengue-Guembo, F; Yangatimbi, E.; Preux, Pierre‐Marie; Abeye, J (HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2010)
openalex: W2782377216 mag: 2782377216
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The social dimensions of adaptation of climate change in Ghana - Yaro, Joseph Awetori (2010)
The program's objective is to assist decision makers in developing countries in integrating adaptation measures into national development strategies, policies, and budgets. The economics of adaptation to climate change is a new research area and no agreed methodology to assess overall costs has yet emerged. The study is intended to help decision makers in developing countries to better understand and assess the risks posed by climate change and to better design strategies to adapt to climate change and variability. This requires costing, prioritizing, sequencing, and integrating robust adaptation strategies into their development plans and budgets. Furthermore, this requires strategies to deal with high uncertainty, potentially high future damages, and competing needs for investments in social and economic development. The study is further intended to inform the international community's efforts, including United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Bali action plan, to provide access to adequate, predictable, and sustainable support, and to provide new and additional resources to help the most vulnerable developing countries meet adaptation costs. This report presents important knowledge on Ghana's vulnerability to climate change and various adaptation options that could be integrated into sectoral and spatial planning. It provides the needed inputs for planning a sustainable future. The need to pay attention to community-level actions/responses through direct support and mainstreaming into national policy cannot be overemphasized
openalex: W260946901 mag: 260946901
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Schistosomiasis infection among school children in the Zhaugwe resettlement area, Zimbabwe April 2005 - Chirundu, Daniel; Chimusoro, Anderson; Jones, D. E.; Midzi, Nicholas; Mabaera, B; Apollo, Tsitsilina; Tshimanga, Mufuta (The Central African journal of medicine, 2010)
To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with contracting schistosomiasis in Zhaugwe resettlement area of Shurugwi district.Cross sectional study.The community in the Zhaugwe resettlement area of Shurugwi district, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe.School children in primary and secondary levels.Prevalence of schistosomiasis infection, risk factors for contracting schistosomiasis.Prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni was 68% and 0.2%, respectively. Participating in watering the respondents' household garden (O.R = 8.1, 95% CI 1.65 to 40.2), fetching water for the home garden (O.R=3,96 95% CI 1.38 to 11.32), fishing with their legs in the water (O.R = 3.1 95% CI 1.6 to 5.8), bathing in the river or stream (O.R = 3.1 95% CI 1.68 to 5.8) were found to be statistically significantly associated with contracting schistosomiasis infection. Fishing with legs immersed in water, having a garden at home, and swimming in the river were positively associated with infection. Those who reported blood in their urine were 16 times more like to be positive for S. haematobium than those without. Vector snails were present at all water contact sites.Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem in the area. We recommend mass treatment of all school children in all other schools in the area. The community should be encouraged to cultivate Phytoloca dedocandra for snail control.
openalex: W2093868025 mag: 2093868025
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Predisposing Factors to Pityriasis Versicolor in Primary School Pupils in Remo Land, Ogun State, Nigeria - Effedua, HI; Adefuye, BO; Inyaniwura, CA; Deji-Agboola, AM; Oluwadun, AA (Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences, 2010)
Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a superficial infection characterized by pale or dark patches of the skin. The etiologic agents are the yeasts belonging to the genus Malassezia, which are normal flora of human skin. Lack of adequate scientific information about the predisposing factors of PV makes the eradication of the disease difficult. The aim of this study is, therefore, to identify the various predisposing factors to PV among primary school pupils in Remo Land in Ogun State of Nigeria. Skin scrapings were taken from 232 pupils with lesions suggestive of PV for culture on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar enriched with olive oil for the isolation of Malassezia species. Culture positive patients were treated with To-To natural skin health cream. Past episodes of PV in the family, use of exfoliative creams and age, were some of the significant factors found to predispose pupils to the disease (P < 0.05). No significant association was found between the disease and sex, overcrowding and means of ventilation (P > 0.05). It is concluded that lack of association of PV with overcrowding indicates that the disease is not contagious but could be genetically linked while the use of exfoliative creams is a predisposing factor to the disease.KEY WORDS: Pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia species, Predisposing factors.
openalex: W2021912764 mag: 2021912764
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Voices, Echoes, and Narratives: Multidimensional Experiences of Three Teachers Immersed in Ethnomathematical Encounters in Morocco - McQueen, Mekyah Q.; Shaheed, Stanley F. H.; Goings, Curtis V.; Chahine, Iman C. (Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, 2010)
openalex: W1663111389 mag: 1663111389
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Learning from community service: Engaging Australia Tanzania Young Ambassadors with sustainability - Murcia, Karen; Haigh, Yvonne; Norris, Lindy (Issues in Educational Research, 2010)
Many secondary schools, both in Australia and internationally include community service initiatives as an integral component of students' school experience. This practise is widely based on the assumption that young people benefit from helping others outside of the economies of exchange. Service projects linked intentionally to the regular curriculum can provide opportunities and even demands for students to make learning connections between the abstract theories of the classroom and their everyday world outside. The Australian Tanzanian Young Ambassadors (ATYA) is one such program. The ethnographic study of this program by a participant researcher is described and explored in this paper. This research focussed on the opportunities and demands for students' development of scientific literacy and an understanding of sustainability as they participated in an international community service tour and Bilateral Youth Forum in Tanzania. Insights from the research experience lead to the development of a framework for linking community service projects to the science curriculum, which is intended to support community service coordinators and teachers working with youth.
openalex: W2101346234 mag: 2101346234
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Exploring the Nexus of African American Students’ Identity and Mathematics Achievement - Nzuki, Francis (Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, 2010)
In this article, the author explores five African American students’ racial, mathematical, and technological identity construction and how these identities shape each other and the sense of agency exhibited in the process. Data collection for the study included classroom observations and interviews, including a task-based interview. The stories told by the participants, their solutions for the mathematical tasks, and their participation in the figured world of mathematical learning illuminated their sense of identity and agency. An analysis of the data revealed that the participants’ positioning and authoring of their identities were influenced by how they negotiated and interpreted the constraints and affordances in the figured worlds in which they participated. It is through this process of negotiation and interpretation that the participants exhibited a sense of agency, or lack thereof, which, in turn, shaped their opportunities to participate in mathematics and hence the authoring of their mathematical identities.
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How Do We Learn? African American Elementary Students Learning Reform Mathematics in Urban Classrooms - Waddell, Lanette (Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, 2010)
In this article, the author uses qualitative methodology to investigate how African American elementary students in an urban school engaged with a National Council of Teachers of Mathematics standards-oriented mathematics curriculum and how their engagement converged with or diverged from the offered patterns of teaching practices in classrooms. The findings suggest that student practices converged with teaching practices that reflected the African American cultural dimension of social/affective interactions such as focused collaboration and active participation and diverged when students enacted practices that reflected expressive creativity and nonverbal interactions as with dramatic expression and improvisation. Rather than looking at the divergent behaviors as social problems or behaviors needing remediation or punishment, considering what can be learned from these behaviors could enhance the mathematical identity and academic achievement of African American students.
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Post Caesarean section infective morbidity in HIV-positive women at a tertiary training hospital in Zimbabwe - Zvandasara, P; Saungweme, G; Mlambo, Justice; Moyo, J. Simo (Central African journal of medicine, 2010)
To investigate the infective morbidity in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women whose babies were delivered by Caesarean section.A hospital based, prospective study: part of a larger operational research project.Harare Maternity Hospital, a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe.164 HIV-positive and 382 HIV-negative women who were delivered of their babies by Caesarean sections.Minor and major infective complications.The results compare HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, 18/164 (10.9%) HIV-positive women developed anaemia requiring blood transfusion compared with 15/382 (3.9%) HIV-negative women. The difference was statistically significant (RR 3.05). HIV-positive women had a statistically significant increase in the incidence of post operative fever (RR 1.3) and wound sepsis/sinus (p = 0.002).Our study indicates that HIV-positive women who were given prophylactic pre-operative antibiotics were at an increased risk of minor infective complications and blood transfusion post Caesarean section. The risk of blood transfusion was higher in women who had a pre-operative haemoglobin of 10.5 grams/dl. Post operative fever, wound sepsis and wound sinus was commoner in HIV-positive when compared to HIV-negative women.
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Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Peru, Albania, Indonesia and Tunisia (2010)
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From Mainstream to East African Charter: Cultural and Religious Experiences of Somali Youth in U.S. Schools - Basford, Letitia (Journal of School Choice, 2010)
Using data from a 2-year qualitative study, the author examines how East African Muslim immigrant youth experience and become shaped by the environments of U.S. mainstream schools compared with a culturally specific charter high school Results from this study reveal that East African Muslim immigrant youth are affected by religious and cultural discrimination in mainstream schools and that attending a culturally specific charter school promotes positive intercultural competence in which students are able to build a good self-concept and find comfort in who they are as East African immigrants, as Muslims, and as American citizens.
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Smoking among high school male students in rural South Africa - King, Gary; Gilreath, Tamika D.; Albert, Ellen Humphrey; Flisher, Alan J. (Journal of Substance Use, 2010)
Few studies examine smoking in rural areas of countries in Africa. This study examines the roles of families, community influences, and key sociodemographic factors and school-age smoking among adolescent boys in rural South Africa. A total of 1,116 black male students were included in this analysis. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and multiple logistic regression (MLR) models were developed to analyze outcomes. The dependent variables were lifetime smoking, recent smoking, and age of smoking initiation. Sociodemographic variables and students' perceptions of community, family, and school were employed as independent variables. MLR analysis revealed family structure and discipline were found to be significant predictors of adolescent male smoking behavior as well as age, number of household amenities, town and smoking behavior. Adolescents in developing countries are increasingly subjected to tobacco industry promotion and exploitation. The results show that males in rural South Africa are not isolated from the tobacco epidemic.
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Effectiveness and complications of SIGN intramedullary interlocking nailing in the management of femoral and tibial fractures at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret- Kenya: A retrospective study - Lelei, LK; Ongaro, N.O; Ayumba, B.R.; Anjila, E.L; Nyakinda, C.A; Lagat, J.D (East African orthopaedic journal, 2010)
Background: Interlocking intramedullary nailing is the current state-of-the-art management of the shaft fractures of long bones. Objective: To assess the functional outcome of SIGN nailing of femoral and tibial fractures at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital. Design: Retrospective analytical, study over a three year period from February 2005 to April 2008. Setting: Orthopaedic Department, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret. Subjects: All patients with closed or Gustillo Grade I or II open tibial and/or femoral shaft fractures presenting at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret. Results: Three hundred and eleven patients with tibial and/or femoral shaft fractures were treated at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital of whom 245(78.8%) were males while 66(21.2%) were females. Total nails fixed were 329 and the oldest patient aged 100 years while the youngest was 13 years.Twelve (3.9%) of the total number of patients presented with ipsilateral fractures, 4(1.3%) had bilateral fractures, 4 (1.3%) had fractures of both the femur and tibia while 1(0.3%) patient had fractures of the femur and humerus. There were 300 closed fractures and 29 open fractures treated with intramedullary nailing. Road traffic accidents were the leading cause of injury. Other causes included falls, assault, gunshot, sports injuries, pathological fractures among others. Prophylactic antibiotics were used in 288 patients. One hundred and thirty four (43.1%) patients turned up for follow up during the same period. There were 23 cases of wound infection, 4(1.2%) broken nails, 6(1.8%) failed distal locking and 2(0.6%) fractures above the nail. Conclusion: Males were found to be more affected than females. Road traffic accidents are the leading causes of trauma. Loss of follow up is one of the major problems still encountered. SIGN intramedullary nailing was found to be the most effective method of fracture management with minimum complications.
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Use of sign intramedullary nailing in open tibia and femur fractures at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya - Lelei, LK; Ongaro, N.O; Ayumba, B.R.; Lagat, J.D (East African Orthopaedic Journal, 2010)
Background: Interlocking intramedullary nailing is the current method of choice for fixation of both open and closed tibia and femur fractures. This has been associated with excellent results. Objective: To assess the functional outcome of SIGN intramedullary nailing in the management of open tibia and femur fractures managed at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital. Design: A retrospective analytical study between February 2005 and December, 2008. Setting: Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret. Subjects: All patients with open tibia and femur fractures who presented at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital and had fracture stabilized by SIGN intramedullary nailing during the study period. Results: Forty three open fractures in forty one patients were treated using SIGN intramedullary nailing in the fracture stabilization. Thirty seven (90.2%) of the patients were males while 4 (9.8%)were females. Two (4.9%) patients had bilateral tibial fractures. The average age of the patients was 37 with a range of 14 to 61 years. Road traffic accidents were the leading cause of injury followed by gunshot injuries. Other causes included falls and assault. All patients received surgical antibiotic and tetanus prophylaxis. Antibiotic therapy was maintained post operatively up to a period of two weeks. Patients were discharged with evident satisfactory wound healing and ability to walk on crutches. Irrespective of the fracture configuration, patients were advised to remain non weight bearing for the first 6 weeks. Thirty seven (90.2%) patients turned up for follow up. Sixteen per cent had superficial infections which responded to antibiotic treatment and dressings. Four (11%) had deep infection (3 femur and 1 tibia), 1 in Gustillo IIIB, 2 Gustillo IIIA and 1 Gustillo II. Exchange nailing was done in three patients and one patient had the nail removed and fracture fixed with an external fixator. Conclusion: This study shows good results of intramedullary nailing for grade I, II and IIIA-fractures. We recommend treatment of these injuries by adequate debridement followed by immediate or delayed intramedullary nailing.
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Teaching the pre-primary child reading and writing: a challenge for pre-primary school teachers in rivers state, Nigeria. - Adox-Okujagu, HS (Global Journal of Educational Research, 2010)
Early childhood care and development has become an integral concern for educators for the development of primary education around the world. As much as schools are short of good teachers in the implemented Universal Basic Education scheme (UBE) in Nigeria, it is also difficult to find committed and creative teachers to take care of children’s early education. The basics of what the child learns in all school subjects are totally concentrated on literacy skills generally. This paper therefore clarifies the meaning of language skills for effective communication as predominant in all of the child’s interactive learning and emphasizes specific teaching methods like the integrative approach for use by the preprimary school teacher. The paper also capitalizes on the use of the curriculum for pre-primary teachers and its implication. It is recommended therefore that, pre-primary teachers through enhancement of job demands must imbibe literacy activities as a routine in respect of the improvement in the teaching of the child and attend skill acquisition workshops and seminars regularly.KEYWORDS: Language-skills, Literacy-methodology, Creativity-Oriented activities.
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Study habits as predictors of academic performance: a case study of students at Zion Girls Senior High School, Winneba; Ghana - Afful-Broni, Anthony; Hogrey, M (Global Journal of Educational Research, 2010)
The study assessed whether study habits predicted the academic performance of students at Zion Girls’ Senior High School. One hundred and twelve students in form 2 were the respondents in the study. The Study Habit Survey questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was analyzed by the use of bivariate correlation and multiple regression analytical techniques with SPSS version 17. It was observed that out of the ten study habits used to assess the relationship with academic performance, only two, that is assignment and correction emerged as positively and significantly correlating with it. Also, assignment emerged as the only predictor of academic performance. It was therefore recommended that other effective study habits that would significantly influence students’ academic performance should be introduced to the students for higher academic performance.
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Energy and nutrient intakes in relation to sex and socio-economic status among school adolescents in urban Cameroon, Africa - Dapi, Léonie N.; Hörnell, Agneta; Janlert, Urban; Stenlund, Hans; Larsson, Christel (Public Health Nutrition, 2010)
To assess energy and nutrient intakes and physical activity of adolescents in urban Cameroon according to sex and socio-economic status (SES).Cross-sectional study with adolescents randomly selected from schools in low-, middle- and high-SES areas. Weight and height were measured and information about food intake and physical activity was obtained through repeated individual 24 h recalls. Under- and over-reporting of energy intake and inadequacy of nutrient intake were assessed.Yaoundé, Cameroon.Boys and girls aged 12-16 years (n 227).Boys had a lower BMI and reported higher energy expenditures and physical activity levels (PAL) than girls. Under-reporting of energy intake was large among boys and girls regardless of PAL; boys under-reported more than girls. Among those with low PAL, over-reporting of energy intake was common. Over 50% of boys and girls had protein below the recommendations. The intake of fat varied; 26% of the adolescents were below and 25% were above the recommendations. Inadequate intakes of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₃ and Fe were more common among girls, while boys more often had inadequate intake of vitamin A. Adolescents with low SES were more likely to be below the recommendations for fat and vitamins B₂, B₃, B₆ and B₁₂ than those with high SES.A high proportion of boys and girls reported inadequate intakes. However under- and over-reporting were also very common. Boys under-reported energy intake more than girls and inadequate nutrient intake was more frequently reported by adolescents with low SES than by those with high SES.
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Practical Microscopy Workshops for Gambian Schools - Howard, Pippa (Infocus Magazine, 2010)
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Vocational-technical education in Nigeria: a review - Ikpe, U.N (Global journal of educational research. (Crossriver), 2010)
Vocational-technical education (VTE) is defined as that aspect of education which leads to the acquisition of practical and applied skills as well as basic scientific knowledge. The major focus of this paper was to examine the trend in VTE, its development from the pre-colonial, colonial and post independence eras. This paper discusses different levels where VTE is offered. The problems were identified and recommendations for solutions were suggested.
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Factors affecting guidance and counseling programme in primary schools in Nairobi Province, Kenya - Ireri, Niceta Wanja; Muola, JM (Global Journal of Educational Research, 2010)
The objective of this study was to establish the factors that affect guidance and counseling in primary schools. Guidance and counseling seems not to be adequately helping pupils with physical and psychological problems in Nairobi province of Kenya. Many primary schools are faced with indiscipline and poor performance yet there is a guidance and counseling programme running in these schools. The sample of study was 234 respondents selected from a population of 10,000 primary school teachers in Nairobi city through the stratified and simple random methods. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The results showed that majority of the respondents do not regard guidance and counseling as a critical issue in the development of the pupils. Too, it was found that teachers’ attitudes, training in counselling, availability of time and facilities have a negative impact on the guidance and counselling programme. The Government and the schools’ management do not provide the needed infrastructure for guidance and counseling. It was recommended that training of teachers in guidance and counseling be given priority by the schools and the government.KEY WORDS: Guidance, counselling, primary school and factors
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Exploring Teachers’ Understandings of School-based Professional Learning in a Tanzanian Secondary School - Mwakabenga, Rehema Japhet; Hansen, Sally; Sewell, Alison (Journal of Education, Humanities and Sciences (JEHS), 2010)
Teachers can positively engage in professional learning if they are knowledgeable about its processes and the roles they can play in it. However, teachers often lack a clear understanding of what constitutes effective professional learning practices and they are often unsupported to engage in it. This paper reports on part of a larger study that explored Tanzanian teachers’ understandings of professional learning prior to participating in a school-based professional learning (SBPL) model. This teacher-led model of professional learning supported four secondary school teachers to engage in a professional learning inquiry based on the needs of their students. Qualitative research methods, such as interviews and focus group discussions, were used to collect data through an action-research design. The findings indicated that the four teachers had limited understandings of the SBPL concept, and could neither explain how a well-crafted SBPL might be implemented. Also, they were not familiar with the range of support services available to help them in SBPL, or aware of the roles they could play in their professional learning. During the SBPL intervention, the teachers began to develop shared understandings about its inquiry processes and values to support their learning about teaching. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teachers be supported to understand and engage in SBPL to promote their learning, and ultimately enhance students’ achievement.
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Education and activity-based intervention in Grade 4 learners at primary schools in the Western Cape Province, South Africa - Jacobs, Kenny (2010)
Introduction: The development and implementation of wellness programmes focusing on physical activity and healthy eating is key to addressing the increase in non-communicable chronic diseases. Interventions focused on children and adolescents are important in primary prevention. This study evaluates the Making The Difference Programme (MTDP), an education and activity-based intervention in Grade 4 learners at primary schools in the Western Cape of South-Africa. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study involving Western Cape primary schools during the 2009 school year. Schools were randomly sampled from two regions. Four intervention (active) and five control (non-participating) schools (N = 325 learners) were selected and a questionnaire named HealthKick was administered to the learners at the selected schools to determine whether the MTDP changed the learners’ knowledge, attitude and behaviour towards nutrition and physical activity. Results: A significant improvement was demonstrated in two nutritional behaviours – eating vegetables and taking lunch boxes to school. However, these were not explained by changes in anticipated nutritional barriers, self efficacy or knowledge, which were not different between the groups, or by social support which was actually significantly higher in the control group. Groups displayed no difference in physical activity or sedentary behaviour. However results did show a significant difference in terms of reduced barriers to and increased self efficacy with regards to physical activity. Conclusion: The MTDP did not make a substantial impact on the nutrition and physical activity outcomes of the learners. There is more evidence of an impact on physical activity, than on nutrition. Further research is required to assess to make a definitive evaluation.
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Religious Education in Egypt: A Sociological Analysis of Contesting Religious Educational Institutions, Policies and Discourses - Aşık, Mehmet (2010)
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Inclusiveness in higher education in Egypt - Cupito, Emily; Längsten, Ray (Higher Education, 2010)
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Perfectionism and self concept among primary school children in Egypt - Tofaha, Gamal Al Sayed; Ramón, Patricia Robledo (Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2010)
Introduction. The main purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between dimensions of perfectionism and self-concepts among school aged students in Egypt. Method. Two hundred – eighty four children (fifth and sixth graders) participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 144.37 months, SD 6.36. Pearson correlation coefficients among dimensions of perfectionism and dimensions of self-concept were employed for data analysis. Results. Results indicated that Self-oriented perfectionism significantly correlated with Academic self concept and General self-worth in a positive direction. The correlation between Self-oriented perfectionism and Non-academic self-concept was not significant. There were also significant positive correlations between Compulsiveness and all self-concept subscales. Contrary to expectations, Socially-prescribed perfectionism was positively correlated with Academic self-concept. Discussion and Conclusion. For the 284 school-aged children in this study, most perfectionism and self-concept dimensions were positively correlated with each other. ―Self-oriented perfectionism‖ was associated with an enhanced General self-worth and increased Academic self-concept in mathematics, reading and general school. Contrary to expectations, ―Sociallyprescribed perfectionism‖ and ―Sensitivity to mistakes‖ were also significantly positively associated with Academic self-concept, although not with Non-academic self-concept or Gener-
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The digital divide between South Africa and the United Kingdom - the role of higher education in developing 21st century skills - Kiley, JD (2010)
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Potential responses of terrestrial biodiversity in Southern Africa to anthropogenic climate change - Midgley, Guy F.; Thuiller, Wilfried (Regional Environmental Change, 2010)
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Students' Engagement with Engagement: The Case of Teacher Education Students in Higher Education in South Africa - Osman, Ruksana; Petersen, Nadine (British Journal of Educational Studies, 2010)
ABSTRACT Public engagement is one of the three legs which support and underpin a restructured and transformed post-apartheid higher education system in South Africa (along with teaching and research). This third sector role of higher education is widely implemented in South Africa and is described differently by different institutions and entails a diverse range of activities, which include service learning. In the South African context we argue that building our understanding of the meanings of public engagement through engagement is vital. In this paper we explore teacher education students' engagement with service learning as a form of public engagement in higher education in South Africa.
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Phytoliths and Pollen, the Microscopic Plant Remains in Pliocene Volcanic Sediments Around Laetoli, Tanzania - Rossouw, Lloyd; Scott, Louis (2010)
We analyzed sediment samples collected from several localities at different stratigraphic levels at Laetoli (i.e., Lower Laetolil Beds [LLB], Upper Laetolil Beds [ULB] and the overlying Upper Ndolanya Beds [UNB]) to establish a record of vegetation succession spanning intermittent periods between 4.3 and 2.66 Ma during the Pliocene. No reliable pollen spectra were found, but phytoliths, especially those of grasses (Poaceae), were investigated. A considerable time interval of deposition for the sequence, combined with a relatively low sample yield, allowed us to present only a low-resolution sequence of environmental changes, but one with marked grass cover variation. Grass was a ubiquitous, but never a dominant vegetation component in the LLB, ULB and the UNB sequences, with a general succession from mainly C3 grass types in the LLB and older ULB levels to more C4 grass types in the younger ULB and UNB. The record lends support to fossil herbivore analyses and δ13C isotope studies, which suggest more heterogeneous habitats and a combination of C3/C4 grassland conditions in the ULB and UNB sequences (Andrews 1989; Kingston and Harrison 2007; Kovarovic and Andrews 2007). Productive samples suggest wet, C3 conditions in the LLB and potentially dry, C3 conditions in the lower part of the ULB. A shift from drier to more mesic C4 grass conditions is recorded in the upper part of the ULB. Arid C4 grassland environments occurred during UNB deposition.
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Potential synergies of the main current forestry efforts and climate change mitigation in Central Africa - Sonwa, D.J.; Walker, Sarah; Nasi, Robert; Kanninen, Markku (Sustainability Science, 2010)
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Distance Education under Threat: an Opportunity for Africa? - Daniel, John (2010)
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Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Project in The Gambia - 系統管理者 (2010)
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Black rage in New Orleans: police brutality and African American activism from World War II to Hurricane Katrina (Choice Reviews Online, 2010)
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Self esteem and student participation in the activities of physical education and sport at high school education in Algeria Hechaichi Abdelouaheb & Yaqub Al Eid - Abdelouaheb, Hechaichi; Eid, Yaqub Al (Mağallaẗ al-dirāsāt al-tarbawiyyaẗ wa-al-nafsiyyaẗ, 2010)
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the difference between high school female and male students regarding participation in the lessons of physical education and self-esteem. The sample of this study comprised 305 students (136 males, 169 females). The Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and the Fox and Corbin physical self perception profile were administered to them. Results of the study revealed significant differences in self-esteem, particularly in physical self-esteem between students with high participation and students with low participation in physical education, as well as gender differences in self-esteem especially among students with low participation in the lesson of physical education. Results also demonstrated that the participation of female students in the lesson of physical education was not affected by the self esteem level.
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Self esteem and student participation in the activities of physical education and sport at high school education in Algeria Hechaichi Abdelouaheb & Yaqub Al Eid - Abdelouaheb, Hechaichi; Eid, Yaqub Al (Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, 2010)
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the difference between high school female and male students regarding participation in the lessons of physical education and self-esteem. The sample of this study comprised 305 students (136 males, 169 females). The Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and the Fox and Corbin physical self perception profile were administered to them. Results of the study revealed significant differences in self-esteem, particularly in physical self-esteem between students with high participation and students with low participation in physical education, as well as gender differences in self-esteem especially among students with low participation in the lesson of physical education. Results also demonstrated that the participation of female students in the lesson of physical education was not affected by the self esteem level.
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Education For All (EFA): Reaching Nomadic Communities in Wajir, Kenya - Challenges and Opportunities - Abdi, Ibrahim Abdi (2010)
This new study examined and discussed the challenges inhibiting nomads from accessing formal education in the light of Kenya’s domestication of Education for All (EFA) which the government committed itself at various world conferences. The research investigated the disproportionate disparity in school enrolment among the different regions in Kenya despite heavy investment and efforts in education. It looked at the programmes geared towards achieving EFA such as Free Primary Education, boarding schools, school feeding programme and bursaries. These and other features of EFA are discussed as they are deemed to provide a feasible route for educating nomads. The research used a mixed methods approach to collect data using semi-structured interviews designed for nomadic parents, focus group discussions with education officials and teachers, and a questionnaire for nomadic students in secondary schools. The research instruments were designed to find out the challenges, perceptions, preferences and policies concerning nomadic education from 78 purposively selected individuals comprising eight interviews, 50 questionnaires and 20 focus group discussion participants. The findings from the field illustrate the continuing under-participation of nomads in education. Informants cite the location of schools, poor facilities, poor transport, attitude of parents and poverty among other issues as the inhibiting factors affecting participation of nomads in formal education. If fuller participation is required, the main issues arising are the need to revamp existing facilities, entrench mobile schools in the Koran schools and strengthen legislation for compulsory education while concurrently improving the infrastructure for nomadic people. In this way, education can be provided that respects the nomadic lifestyle. The research concludes by proposing a multifaceted approach to the education of nomads. However, mobile schools with a non-formal curriculum package may be an especially attractive option due to expected suitability in nomadic setting and their relatively low cost, given expected financial constraints. It is also recommended that further research is routinely conducted to explore nomadic friendly learning programmes before the implementation of any of these recommendations.
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Predicting Substance Abuse in a Sample of Nigerian Undergraduate Students: The Role of Core Self-evaluations and Delay of Gratification - Abikoye, Gboyega E.; Adekoya, James Adeniyi (Psychological Studies, 2010)
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The Impact of Globalisation and Information Communication Technologies (ICT) on New Higher Education Policy Reform NHEPR (2008-2012) in Libya - Abodher, Salem Melood K.; Hardaker, Glenn (2010)
This working paper is one of the outcomes of a two years research (2008-2010) undertaken by the researcher which form part of his PhD degree in Education Management at Business School University of Huddersfield. It examines the government higher education policy and Libyan higher education reform in the globalisation eras; it provides a thorough review of the research literature on the impact of globalisation on new Libyan higher education policy reformNHEPR2008-2012. This working paper also is an attempt to provide a basis for understanding clearly the key elements and requirement for the adoption of new technologies. It has reviewed the Rogers’ (2003) theory Diffusion of Innovations “DOI” provides the theoretical framework in this working paper. There are seven main sections to this working paper. The first section seeks to offer a comprehensive review on main reform in current Libyan higher education by focusing on a new higher education policy reform and offers an analysis of how the Libyan government is reforming higher education. The second section reviews how globalisation may affect new higher educational policy Libya. The third section discuses policy, and Libyan education policy how educational policies are formulated and implemented in Libya The fourth section discuss the issues of technology acceptance, and theoretical overview of adoption and usage of new information and communication technology in Libyan higher education of this working paper therefore provide some concluding remarks.
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Sexual Dysfunction Among Secondary School Teachers in Ilorin, Nigeria - Adegunloye, O. A.; Makanjuola, Alfred Banso; Adelekan, Moruf L. (The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2010)
There is an increasing emphasis on human sexuality, which may reflect cultural and scientific development in recent years.To determine the prevalence, pattern of sexual dysfunction, and its associated factors among secondary school teachers in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.Four hundred fifty consenting teachers were invited to complete an anonymous self administered questionnaire on demography as well as two to three other instruments for the assessment of human sexuality and general mental health status. This was thereafter collected by hand.The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), a modified Sexual Activity Questionnaire (SAQ) and the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30).The following prevalence rates were found: female anorgasmia (40%), lubrication failure (30%); dyspareunia (12%); erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and male orgasmic disorder (23% each); loss of sexual desire (24%); sexual life dissatisfaction and relationship dissatisfaction 6 months prior to interview (10% each). Age was a significant factor in sexual dysfunction in males (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and male anorgasmia), also in females (lubrication failure, superficial dyspareunia, anorgasmia). Marital status was found to be significant in relationship satisfaction, overall sexual satisfaction and presence of sexual dysfunctions whereas GHQ-30 scores were significant in sexual dysfunction in both genders, except for female anorgasmia and premature ejaculation in males. However, a presence of psychiatric "caseness" was significantly found in overall sexual life dissatisfaction as well as relationship dissatisfaction.The extent and pattern of sexual dysfunctions found in this study is comparable with those reported in earlier Nigerian studies. Despite this, there is apparently no health services specially designed to address sexual dysfunction among the teacher's group or the general population at large. This study thus draws attention to the urgent need for services geared towards alleviating sexual problems in our society.
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A Critique of the Blueprint on Education for the Gifted and Talented Persons in Nigeria - Adelodun, G. A. (International journal of educational sciences, 2010)
A blueprint is a springboard for achieving target goals in any given endeavor. In 1986, a blueprint was prepared by the National Planning Committee on Education for the Gifted and Talented Children in Nigeria. Any form of defect recorded while formulating the blueprint will automatically affect goal achievement. It is against this background that the writer highlights all the inadequacies in the blueprint after which a position is taken with the belief that all the anomalies will be rectified and the desired goal will still be realized. Finally, considering the multi-modal nature of gifted education programme, the writer is of the opinion that the financial implications of running the programme are far reaching. It is therefore recommended that both the public and private sectors should team up with the three tiers of Government and be adequately involved in its funding.
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Digisonde Observation of April and August 2010 Magnetic Storm Effects on the Ionosphere over Ilorin, Nigeria - Adeniyi, J.O.; Reinisch, B. W.; Krause, L. Habash; Oladipo, O.A.; Adimula, I. A.; Olawepo, A.O.; McHarg, M. G.; Veliz, O. (AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, 2010)
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Empowering female youth for leadership through higher education in Nigeria - Adeola, Aina Chinonyerem; Olufunke, Akomolafe Comfort (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 2010)
The contributions of females in the home, workplace, community participation, community management cannot be overlooked. Despite these, female's access to Leadership position has been observed to be limited in the political arena, economy, employment and policy positions due to low level of education. This situation calls for higher education for females due to possible direct relationship between female youth's educational levels and their participation in the labour force. The Nigerian society cannot afford not to have females in leadership positions. The activities of females in management positions in the country presently has convinced all that if more Nigerian female youths are given the right type of education, greater participation among females will emerge in the future. It is in this context that this paper discussed how higher education can empower female youth for future leadership in the nation. The paper highlighted the status of female education in Nigeria, the role of higher education in leadership development as well as the strategies that could be employed to empower female youths for future leadership. Some of these strategies include exposing female youth to leadership initiatives, career concepts and inspiring role models, enriching the curriculum to incorporate courses in leadership education and so on. Empowering females for future leadership has high prospects. It could include increasing female's potentials that will could to building a virile nation, producing better women, better home makers, better future leaders and a better society.
openalex: W2301940879 mag: 2301940879
Keywords: openalex:import

Characteristics of classroom chairs and desks in use in senior secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria - Adewole, N. A.; Olorunnisola, Abel O. (Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2010)
The current status of wooden classroom chairs and desks in use in selected Secondary Schools (SS) in Ibadan was investigated. Fifty-four SS were randomly selected; 12 each from rural and semi-urban, and, 10 from urban areas of Ibadan. Random sampling survey was conducted using structured questionnaire and oral interview and to collect data on chairs and desks types, designs, construction materials and methods, durability and cost factors. Joint features, failure pattern and causes were evaluated via on-the-spot assessments. Simple descriptive statistical tool was used for data analyses. Similar furniture geometry, constructional method and failure mode were noted in rural, semi-urban and urban schools. About 90% of the Schools were using wooden chairs and desks. The two predominant designs were the Single-User (SU), and Multiple-User (MU) types. The production philosophy for both furniture types was one-size-fit all. The SU and MU chairs and desks had a relatively short service life with over 80% of them failing within three months. Poor jointing was responsible for over 69% of the failure. As at December, 2009 a pair of SU and MU chairs and desks cost ₦2500 and ₦3500 respectively.
openalex: W2769005633 mag: 2769005633
Keywords: openalex:import

Benchmarking the Egyptian Tourism Higher Education Scheme - Afifi, Galal M. H.; Wahab, Soha Abdel (Anatolia - An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2010)
ABSTRACT This research is part of an ongoing process of full innovation of the higher education scheme in Egypt under the supervision of the Egyptian National Council for Education Quality Assurance. As an initial step, the research focuses on benchmarking the Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) and tourism courses provided in Egypt against those recommended by a highly recognized entity, the British Quality Assurance Agency (BQAA). The research aims to identify the gaps between the two models, which should then facilitate resetting the ILOs and tourism courses in Egypt to meet standards that are more advanced.
openalex: W2049715979 mag: 2049715979
Keywords: openalex:import

Attitudes towards psychiatry of undergraduate medical students at Bayero University, Nigeria - Aghukwa, N C (South African journal of psychiatry (Print), 2010)
Background. This study determined and compared responses of 5th- and 6th (final)-year medical students on their attitudes to psychiatry as a profession. Also elicited were their choices of area of future medical specialisation. Method. A prospective and cross-sectional study using an adapted 27-item self-administered questionnaire to obtain responses from 91 5th- and 6th-year medical students at Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria. Results. More than 60% of the students’ first choices for future specialisation were surgery, obstetrics/gynaecology or internal medicine. Psychiatry was the first preference for less than 2%. More than 75% of the students’ views on the overall merits and efficacy of psychiatry were positive, although they felt that psychiatry had low prestige and status as a profession. In addition, the same proportion considered that psychiatry was scientific, making advances in the treatment of major mental disorders, and helpful in liaison practice. More than 50% stated that psychiatry would not be their choice of last resort for residency education and the same proportion felt that friends and fellow students rather than family members would discourage them from specialising in psychiatry. More than 50% would feel uncomfortable with mentally ill patients, felt that psychiatry would not be financially rewarding, and did not think that psychiatrists abuse their legal power to hospitalise patients. Attitudes of the two groups of students to psychiatry as a profession were not significantly different (p>0.05). Conclusion. A clinical clerkship in psychiatry did not influence the students’ choice of future specialisation.
openalex: W1514258660 mag: 1514258660
Keywords: openalex:import

Perception of Nigerian School Boys on the Influence of Contrasting Geographical Locations on Participation in Soccer - Agwubike, Elias O.; Okunbor, A. O. (Journal of Human Ecology (Delhi) (Print), 2010)
The paper investigated the extent to which geographical locations influenced male secondary school students’ level of participation in amateur soccer within Zaria and Benin metropolis in the 2006/2007 school year. It also sought to ascertain if relative changes in geographical locations influenced the welfare of soccer players and examined the influence of landscape patterns on participants. A total of 836 respondents formed the sampling unit. Percentages were used to analyse the data for the study. Hindrances to soccer participation in Zaria were cold weather which was attested by (81.5%) respondents, hot weather (78.94%), low humidity (71.05%) and cold winds (69.46%). In Benin metropolis, impediments to soccer participation were reported to be rainfall (83%), thunderstorms (78%), hot weather (70%) and lightning (53.9%). Amateur soccer participants in Zaria were influenced by expenditure on accommodation (84.21%), feeding and first aid treatment (60.42%). However, in Benin metropolis influence on feeding and accommodation recorded (66.82%) while first aid treatment attracted (55%) rating. Although (63.1%) respondents in Zaria, indicated that soccer pitches were undulating, (73.68%) claimed they were dry during the dry season. Some soccer pitches remained dry between May and July, a period that usually experiences some rainfall in Nigeria. Also, (92%) respondents in Benin metropolis remarked that soccer pitches were waterlogged particularly during periods of heavy rainfall, between April and October yearly. The results call for differential planning strategies in organizing soccer training and competition in these two divergent geographical areas in Nigeria.
openalex: W280220049 mag: 280220049
Keywords: openalex:import

Students’ Problems with Cohesion and Coherence in EFL Essay Writing in Egypt: Different Perspectives - Ahmed, Abdel Hamid Mohamed Abdel Hamid (Literacy Information and Computer Education Journal, 2010)
The current study focuses on the organisational problems that Egyptian student teachers of English encounter when they write an English essay.In particular, the current study aims at investigating students' cohesion and coherence problems in EFL essay writing.A mixed method research design was used including a questionnaire and a semi-structured in-depth interview.Analysis of findings revealed that students encounter some problems in the cohesion and coherence of EFL essay writing.Discussion and implications of these findings are presented.
openalex: W2464840627 mag: 2464840627
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The impact of industrial pollution on the ecosystem of Réghaia Lake (Algeria) - Ahriz, S.; Nedjraoui, Dalila; Sadki, N. (Desalination and Water Treatment, 2010)
This study lies within the framework of the anti-pollution action plan of Reghaia Lake. This lake, partially fed by the ground water of Mitidja, is regarded as an area of international importance because it is the last vestige of Mitidja. It is currently the only wetland in the biogeographic area of Algiers, thus making it a stopover for migratory birds after their crossing of the Mediterranean. The area is characterized by a great diversity of flora and fauna, and a large variety of ecosystems. Reghaia Lake has a considerable wealth of flora estimated at about 233 listed plant species: the equivalent of 13% of the North Algerian flora. The area is also home to four species of rare birds, three of which are classified as threatened on the red list of the IUCN. Because of this diversity, it was registered on the Ramsar list in November 2002 during the eighth meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention in Valencia, Spain. The lake, which has a surface area of 75 ha, is also...
openalex: W1973750827 mag: 1973750827
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Learning Environment and Secondary School Effectiveness in Nigeria - Ajayi, Iyiade Adeseye; Ekundayo, Haastrup T.; Osalusi, F. M. (Studies on home and community science, 2010)
This study examined the relationship between learning environment and effectiveness of secondary schools in Nigeria. The descriptive research design of the survey type was used for the study. The population consisted of all the teachers and principals in the public secondary schools in south-west Nigeria. The sample comprised 1200 teachers and 60 principals from 60 secondary schools. Multi-stage, simple and stratified random sampling techniques were used to select the states, schools and teachers used for the study. Two sets of instrument were used to collect the data for the study. The data were analysed using frequency counts, percentage scores and Pearson product moment correlation. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that the learning environment in secondary schools was very conducive and the secondary schools were effective in the affective and the psychomotor domains of learning but not all that effective in the cognitive domain. The study further showed a significant relationship between learning environment and effectiveness of secondary schools. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the school administrators and other stakeholders in the secondary education sector should strive hard to sustain the tempo of the conducive environment for learning. It was also recommended that schools should sustain the tempo of achievements of the students in the affective and the psychomotor domains of learning. Efforts should also be made at improving upon the level of cognitive achievement of the learners, as this will enhance the improvement on the general level of school effectiveness.
openalex: W2151799617 mag: 2151799617
Keywords: openalex:import

Perception of Nigerian Secondary School Teachers on Introduction of e-Learning Platforms for Instruction. - Ajelabi, Peter Ayo; Agbatogun, Alaba Olaoluwakotansibe (2010)
This paper examines the view of Nigerian secondary school teachers on the introduction and utilization of e-learning platforms ( blackboard, moodle, e-college, Web CT) to support and enhance learning. Six hundred teachers were drawn from 50 different schools in all the education districts located in Lagos state, Nigeria. A 25-item , 5-point likert scale questionnaire was validated and used for the study. The result showed that there was no significant difference in perception based on gender. However, there was significant difference as a result of the school type. Findings further showed that the teachers were of the view that e-learning platforms should be utilized in schools as soon as possible to support learning. Suggestions were given on how to make this feasible in Nigerian schools despite the challenges.
openalex: W249738900 mag: 249738900
Keywords: openalex:import

Understanding the determinants and preventative strategies for high school violence in South Africa : the stakeholders' targeted model : psychological perspectives - Akinsola, H.A. (African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2010)
School violence is a serious public health issue in South Africa. Akinsola and Ramakuela (2009) conducted a study on teachers' perceived prevalence, determinants and preventive strategies for violence-related behaviours among South African high school children in rural Vhembe district. Based on the results of this study, a model was developed. One of the assumptions underlying this model is that any form of school violence is not just a school's problem. It involves schools, families and the communities. Hence the objective of developing this model is to provide a broad-based explanation about the determinants of violence in schools and the preventive measures. The diagram depicting the model is a rectangle which consists of two disproportional layers. The narrow external layer presents the main theme being addressed, i.e. school violence in South Africa and the various forms of violent behaviour being perpetuated by the students. The second layer presents the two sub-themes, the determinants and preventive measures. The inner layer is divided into two parts which show the relationship between the determinants and preventive measures. This analysis shows that since the determinants of school violence in South Africa are multi-faceted, the strategies to address the problem must also be designed and implemented at variety of levels.
openalex: W2278130181 mag: 2278130181
Keywords: openalex:import

HIV Knowledge and Stigmatization among Adolescents in Yemeni Schools - Al-Iryani, Buthaina; Raja’a, Yahia A.; Kok, Gerjo; Borne, Bart van den (The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 2010)
The number of assessments on HIV knowledge and stigmatization among adolescents in Yemen is still very limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to have a better understanding on the level of knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention. Also, this study explored the level of stigma and discrimination among students toward people living with HIV (PLWH). The study sample consisted of 2,274 male and female students (mean age 16.6 years) randomly selected from 27 high schools in Aden, Yemen. The results revealed low levels of knowledge on major prevention measures, such as condoms, where only 49.4% knew that condoms could protect from HIV infection; and high levels of misconceptions on the modes of transmission. In addition, the study revealed a high level of stigma and discrimination toward people living with HIV. The results would serve as a baseline for implementing a school-based educational program on HIV/AIDS.
openalex: W2015087251 mag: 2015087251
Keywords: openalex:import

Contrasted seismogenic and rheological behaviours from shallow and deep earthquake sequences in the North Tanzanian Divergence, East Africa - Albaric, Julie; Perrot, Julie; Déverchère, Jacques; Deschamps, A.; Gall, Bernard Le; Ferdinand, R.; Petit, Carole; Tiberi, Christel; Sue, Christian; Songo, Majura A M (Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2010)
We report preliminary results of a seismological experiment, SEISMO-TANZ’ 07, which consisted in the deployment of a local network (35 stations) in the East African Rift System (EARS), North Tanzania, during 6 months in 2007. We compare two earthquake sequences (Gelai and Manyara) occurring, respectively, in the southern end of the Kenya rift and in the North Tanzanian Divergence (NTD). Only distant of ∼150 km, their triggering mechanisms are different. None of the sequences depicts typical swarm or mainshock–aftershock patterns. They highlight the change in the magmatic/tectonic nature of the rift where the eastern branch of the EARS enters the Tanzanian craton. The similar shape and long-axis of the elongate sequences emphasize the preferred locus of active strain release along NE–SW discontinuities which probably root at depth into steep Proterozoic shear zones. At Gelai, the deformation is dominated by aseismic process involving slow slip on normal fault and dyke intrusion within the upper crust (Calais et al., 2008). The spatial and temporal earthquake distribution indicates a possible correlation between the Gelai crisis and the eruption of the nearby Oldoinyo Lengai volcano. At Manyara, the sequence is more uncommon, revealing a long-lasting seismic activity deeply rooted (∼20–35 km depth) possibly related to stress loading transmitted laterally. The yield strength envelope modelled from the depth frequency distribution of earthquakes in the NTD is consistent with the presence of a mafic lower crust and further supports the strength increase of the rifted crust from south Kenya to the NTD.
openalex: W2001254337 mag: 2001254337
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Gender and Regional Disparities in Enrolment and Academic Achievement in Kenya: Implications for Education Planning - Amunga, Jane; Musasia, Amadalo Maurice; Maiyo, Julius K. (2010)
openalex: W3125677882 mag: 3125677882
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The changing phases of Physical Education and sport in Africa : can a uniquely African model emerge? : : physical education - Amusa, L.O.; Toriola, A.L. (African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2010)
Africa has a rich tradition of culture, history, sport and social institutions. Various countries throughout the continent have demonstrated these. The rich traditional games, plays, dances and arts of the continent have stood the test of time. They were used for various purposes-socialization, initiation, ceremonies, recreation, etc. Archaeological discoveries continue to associate the continent with the origin of man, including physical culture. The practice of physical education is deeply rooted in the cultural fabric of various ethnic communities who developed physical prowess as an integral part of the traditional process associated with practices such as food gathering, hunting, pastoral activities, inter-tribal conflicts, etc. These cultural activities were grounded in traditional education wherein physical prowess was highly revered. These historical practices mark the first phase in the evolution of PE in Africa. The second phase is characterized by the contact with the world which marked the beginning of the erosion of the traditional education and the establishment of colonial and missionary models of education that regarded the indigenous physical activities as primitive, immoral and anti-Christianity. Western (colonial) formalized PE and Sport placed emphasis on military drills, physical training (PT) formalized activities and training of teachers. As many African countries were colonized by various western powers, a number of PE syllabi which emphasized the above skills were introduced to the respective countries; for example, the 1933 syllabus was introduced by Britain to all her colonies. The striking element of this (colonial) system of education was the lack of relevance to the cultures and values of indigenous African populations. In third phase attainment of independence by most African countries resulted in significant developments in education (i.e. concerning PE and Sport) which was aimed at restoring those dignities and values which were repressed, maimed and destroyed during the colonial times. Most African countries redefined their education, including PE and Sport. Specifically, PE contributed to sport development and the emergent of the continent as a sport power. However, no discernible pattern of PE and Sport emerged. It was the story of old wine in a new bottle. The post-independence period and the last decade of the 20th Century marked the fourth phase in the evolution of PE and Sport wherein the disciplines experienced serious setbacks following the prevailing socioeconomic challenges around the world. Several PE and Sport programmes collapsed due to lack of funding. Yet Africa (and indeed no country) did not still evolve a discernible pattern or model of its own. The 21st Century PE and Sport in Africa is still a replica of the colonial and post-independence model. The political changes on the continent did not lead to any concomitant changes in the structures of PE and Sport. This article discusses the above phases and concludes that for PE and Sport to succeed in Africa, there must emerge models that are uniquely African. They must be developed in Africa by Africans and for the benefit of Africans. Any model which continues to follow either the western or oriental models may not be sustainable.
openalex: W2277888750 mag: 2277888750
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Volcanic evolution of São Vicente, Cape Verde Islands: The Praia Grande landslide - Ancochea, Eumenio; Huertas, María José; Hernán, Francisco; Brändle, J.L. (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2010)
The island of São Vicente has undergone continuous volcanic activity from Pliocene to Pleistocene times. The earliest evidence of activity corresponds to some 9 million years ago when a submarine edifice of alkaline basaltic affinity had already started to develop. The island resulted from the growth of a single major edifice (the São Vicente Edifice) built up in several distinguishable growth stages. The early main stage occurred at 6.5 to 4.5 Ma giving rise to an edifice of about 10–12 km in radius and more than 2500 m in height whose centre was located south of the present city of Mindelo. Although the edifice in its earlier phase showed typical characteristics of a shield volcano (the Mindelo Formation) it adopted later on those of an ordinary composite volcano (the Madeiral–Monte Cara Formation). A giant landslide event, the Praia Grande landslide, destroyed the NE sector of the edifice and left a 10 × 12 km large depression that was successively refilled by nephelinitic lava flows and some associated carbonatites (the Monte Verde Formation, 4.5–3.1 Ma). The volcanic activity ceased about 3–2 Ma ago when the edifice started to be deeply eroded until disappearing about 90% of its total volume. Only in recent times (0.3 Ma) very scarce and local strombolian activity has been developed aside the São Vicente Edifice, in the eastern sector of the island.
openalex: W2013166354 mag: 2013166354
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Environmental Health Assessment of Primary Schools in Southeastern Nigeria: Implication for a Healthy School Environment in Developing Countries - Anyansi, Chinonyelum Thecla Ezeonu and M. N. (World health and population, 2010)
In this cross-sectional descriptive study, we used a validated school health program evaluation scale (SHPE) to assess the environmental health status of primary schools in Ebonyi State, southeastern Nigeria. Parameters assessed included water supply, sewage and refuse disposal, school building ventilation, lighting and seating, as well as the availability of toilet tissue, basins for washing hands, regular cleaning of toilets, and so forth. Of all the schools assessed, only two schools, both private, attained the minimum acceptable SHPE score of 57. The mean SHPE score of the private schools (50.40) was significantly higher than that of the public schools (28.69) (t-test, p=.00). Policy reforms are needed that would ensure a healthy primary school environment in Nigeria and in other developing countries with similar settings.
openalex: W2136435817 mag: 2136435817
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The Anglo-American-Nigerian Collaboration in Nigeria's Higher Education Reform: The Cold War and Decolonization, 1948-1960 - Anyanwu, Ogechi E. (Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 2010)
The Anglo-American-Nigerian Collaboration in Nigeria's Higher Education Reform:The Cold War and Decolonization, 1948-19601 Ogechi Anyanwu2 The question of access to university education dominated higher education policies and politics in colonial Nigeria. In 1948, the first university in Nigeria, the University College of Ibadan (UCI), was established. Until 1960, the British colonial government enforced a restrictive admission policy at the college. This policy denied many qualified Nigerians the opportunity to obtain higher education. Britain had created UCI as an ivory tower dedicated to the training of the country's future leaders. UCI failed to meet the expectations of most Nigerians because of its yearly admission of fewer than 130 students, an unbalanced curriculum and enrollment, and a low turnout of a highly educated labor force for the public and private sectors. Nationalists therefore mounted campaigns against the institution and demanded changes in its admission and curriculum policies to accommodate rising demands for access to university education, yet the colonial government consistently resisted fundamental changes until the late 1950s. The existing literature has either ignored or underestimated how the complex politics of the Cold War and decolonization intersected in the late 1950s to make a shift in the British higher education policy a fait accompli.3 This study argues that the politics of the Cold War and decolonization motivated the Carnegie Corporation (one of the leading philanthropic foundations in the U.S.), Britain, and Nigeria to collaborate in the late 1950s. These three, for different reasons, reformed Nigeria's elitist British higher education system and laid the foundation for nation building in Nigeria's pluralistic society. Carnegie saw the Cold War as a big opportunity to expand American influence in Africa as a tool in containing the Soviet Union. The imminent independence of European colonies in Africa likewise motivated Carnegie to forge a new partnership with Britain to promote Africa's rapid socio-economic development. The shift in the British higher education policy also emerged in the context of the Cold War, particularly Soviet's expansion in Africa and the decolonization of Africa—and reflected Britain's desire to remain influential in a rapidly changing world. In the late 1950s, the changes occasioned by the intensification of nationalist activities in the British colonies was uncontrollably fast, opening the minds of British administrators on the importance of working in partnership with nationalists or jeopardizing future relations with Nigeria after independence.4 Further, the process of decolonization offered Nigerian nationalists the opportunity to reconfigure the elitist British higher education policies in educating Nigerians for socio-economic advancement as well as addressing the often-divisive educational gap between the Christian South and Muslim North. This paper illustrates how politics of the Cold War and decolonization helped to unite the domestic and external interests for educational reform in Nigeria in the late 1950s and thus laid the foundation for the Anglo-American-Nigerian initiatives in Nigeria's postcolonial educational expansion, economic development, and nation building. Access to Higher Education The British resisted the calls from nationalists to establish higher educational institution in Nigeria until 1934 when a vocational institution, Yaba Higher College, was established. The college, however, did not award degrees; it only trained a few Nigerians to meet the need for a subordinate level of officials in the colonial civil service. Admission at the college was limited, determined largely by the availability of civil service positions rather than the number of Nigerians seeking admission. Nigerians yearning for university degrees were disappointed, and as Kenneth Dike stated, they did not regard Yaba "as an adequate answer to their higher education aspirations."5 Subsequently, a nationalists' campaign for a degree-awarding institution in the country came to fruition in 1948 when UCI was established. The Elliot and Asquith Commissions, set up by the British colonial government to advise it on the higher education needs of the colonies, fashioned the principles that shaped UCI. The reports of these commissions—released in 1945—formed the outline for developing universities in the British colonies in Africa. The Asquith commission outlined broad principles to guide university development in all the British colonies, insisting, among other things, on high academic standards in student admissions. The...
openalex: W2082526943 mag: 2082526943
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An evaluation study of technoserve's small business training probramme in Swaziland - Arubayi, Odamaro Damis Feyisayo (2010)
iv List of tables viii List of figures ix List of acronyms and abbreviations x CHAPTER
openalex: W2144794391 mag: 2144794391
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Socio-Demographic Characteristics Of Patients Seeking In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) at the University Of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. - Aziken, ME; Orhue, Aae; Ezeanochie, Michael (Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2010)
Background: In-vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment for infertility was only available in a few private hospitals in Nigeria until recently when two government hospitals including University of Benin Teaching Hospital commenced IVF-ET services. The socio-demographiccharacteristics of patients seeking IVF-ET treatment in Nigeria have not been sufficiently documented.Objective: To describe the socio-demographic characteristics of patients seeking IVF-ET treatment in a public hospital in Nigeria.Methodology: A descriptive study of 187 partners who attended UBTH between April 2007 and October 2008. Outcome measure: Mean age, parity, duration of infertility, social class, indications for infertility.Results: The mean ages of the women and their husbands or male partners were 36.7 and 43.7 years respectively. 82.4% of the women were nullipara while 17.6 were multipara. Twelve point two percent had at least a living child. All the couples were in social class I-III. Tubal blockage was the commonest single indication for IVF-ET while ovulation disorder and male factor as single indications accounted for 12.2 and 8.1% respectively. Almost 17% of the women had multiple female factors while 39.9% had both male and female factors responsible for their infertility.Conclusion: Majority of patients seeking IVF-ET are advanced in age with longstanding infertility and have no children. The poor are not accessing IVF-ET yet.Keywords: Infertility, socio-demograhic characteristics, IVF-ET
openalex: W2022497535 mag: 2022497535
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VHF Scintillation Measurements from Cape Verde and Ascension Island During the Current Deep Solar Minimum Including Impact of a Geomagnetic Storm in August 2010 from Space and Ground - Basu, S.; MacKenzie, E.; Roddy, P. A.; Groves, K. M. (AGUFM, 2010)
openalex: W3023625498 mag: 3023625498
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Rainfall variability and trends in semi-arid Botswana: Implications for climate change adaptation policy - Batisani, Nnyaladzi; Yarnal, Brent (Applied Geography, 2010)
Rainfall variability is an important feature of semi-arid climates, and climate change is likely to increase that variability in many of these regions. An understanding of rainfall variability and trends in that variability is needed to help vulnerable dryland agriculturalists and policymakers address current climate variation and future climate change. The goals of this paper are to examine this climatic phenomenon in semi-arid Botswana, to investigate these results for signs of climate change, and to explore the policy implications for climate adaptation. To reach these goals, the paper determines rainfall variability and monthly and annual trends in that variability. The results agree with earlier work showing gradients in rainfall and rainfall variability across Botswana. The results also identify a trend towards decreased rainfall throughout the nation, which is associated with decreases in the number of rainy days. Both the drying trend and decrease in rainy days agree with climate change projections for southern Africa. The paper discusses policies that the government could adopt to help its farmers adapt to climate change.
openalex: W2069615406 mag: 2069615406
Keywords: openalex:import

Rainfall variability and trends in semi-arid Botswana: Implications for climate change adaptation policy - Batisani, Nnyaladzi; Yarnal, Brent (Applied Geography, 2010)
Rainfall variability is an important feature of semi-arid climates, and climate change is likely to increase that variability in many of these regions. An understanding of rainfall variability and trends in that variability is needed to help vulnerable dryland agriculturalists and policymakers address current climate variation and future climate change. The goals of this paper are to examine this climatic phenomenon in semi-arid Botswana, to investigate these results for signs of climate change, and to explore the policy implications for climate adaptation. To reach these goals, the paper determines rainfall variability and monthly and annual trends in that variability. The results agree with earlier work showing gradients in rainfall and rainfall variability across Botswana. The results also identify a trend towards decreased rainfall throughout the nation, which is associated with decreases in the number of rainy days. Both the drying trend and decrease in rainy days agree with climate change projections for southern Africa. The paper discusses policies that the government could adopt to help its farmers adapt to climate change.
openalex: W2069615406 mag: 2069615406
Keywords: openalex:import; openalex:yes

Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Depressive Cognition Scale in First-Year Adolescent Egyptian Nursing Students - Bekhet, Abir K.; Zauszniewski, Jaclene A. (Journal of Nursing Measurement, 2010)
Identifying depressive cognitions in adolescent nursing students can be an important step to prevent the development of clinical depression, which is positively associated with suicide.This study focused on the psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Depressive Cognition Scale (A-DCS) among 170 first-year adolescent Egyptian nursing students.The questionnaire was assessed for internal consistency, homogeneity, and construct validity using factor analysis and convergent validity.Cronbach's alpha for (A-DCS) was .86. The homogeneity of the instrument was supported by item-to-total correlations between .30 and .70. Factor extraction generated only one factor with eigenvalues greater than 1, which is consistent with the English version. The (A-DCS) total score had a strong significant correlation with the Alienation Scale scores (r = .51, p < .01), indicating convergent validity.This scale has the potential to become a useful screening tool for depressive cognitions among Egyptian nursing students.
openalex: W2166681649 mag: 2166681649
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Projections of climate change impacts on crop yields in Africa and India from a DGVM - Berg, Alexis; Sultan, Benjamin; Noblet‐Ducoudré, Nathalie de (AGUFM, 2010)
openalex: W3011055775 mag: 3011055775
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Teaching human rights and education in South Sudan: some reflections - Biseth, Heidi (Intercultural Education, 2010)
openalex: W1972260014 mag: 1972260014
Keywords: openalex:import

ICT in education policy and practice in developing countries: South Africa and Chile compared through SITES 2006 - Blignaut, A. Seugnet; Hinostroza, J. Enrique; Christo, J.; Brun, Mario (Computers & Education, 2010)
This paper presents a comparison between South African and Chilean results on SITES (Second Information Technology in Education Study) 2006 study, aiming to show and discuss both disparities and similarities, and trying to explain them through an analysis of their ICT in Education policies and national contexts. Firstly, these policies and contexts portray national backgrounds and initiatives. Secondly, methodological approach is described (a secondary analysis of the international data consisting in a two-way statistical analysis to calculate significant differences between South African and Chilean results, but also including some specific references to the northern hemisphere countries). Thirdly, main results are shown, organized in five sections: a) access to ICT resources; b) support to teachers; c) teachers professional development; d) principals’ pedagogical vision and e) teaching and learning practices. Results of the analysis show that most of the disparities between both countries can be explained through differences in their national contexts and corresponding ICT in education policies (particularly those related to ICT equipment provision and teachers professional development programs) as well as due to their implementation period. These conclusions might be particularly useful to policy-makers in South Africa and Chile, highlighting some areas where improvement plans could be implemented.
openalex: W2080264538 mag: 2080264538
Keywords: openalex:import

Information and communication technology empowerment of early childhood education teachers in Botswana - Bose, Kabita (2010)
The study assessed the views of in-service participants of the University of Botswana (who are pursuing Bachelors degree in Primary Education) regarding the empowerment of Early Childhood Education teachers with Information and Communication Technology skills. Both quantitative and qualitative research designs were adopted. Eighty-two final year students constituted the sample. A semi-structured questionnaire was used. The findings showed that the respondents strongly believed that the Early Childhood Education teachers in Botswana should be empowered with Information and Communication Technology skills. However, they didn't find the existing curriculum feasible due to lack of in-depth content and pedagogy adopted to deliver the content. The findings showed that the student teachers were not able to realize the usefulness of the popular, generic packages and communication tools. The participants of the study suggested for a comprehensive curriculum with spread-out modules that could offer basic Information Communication Technology skills initially, and provide advanced features in succession, in order to enable them infuse content with technology; perform administrative tasks efficiently; conduct research in Early Childhood Education; and generate local-specific multi-media packages for young Batswana.
openalex: W2159093125 mag: 2159093125
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A project-based learning approach as a method of teaching entrepreneurship to a large group of undergraduate students in South Africa - Botha, Melodi (Education As Change, 2010)
This paper discusses the development and execution of an entrepreneurship exhibition project held in South Africa, in which 1 500 undergraduate first-year students took part. The current teaching practices in the course, resulting from project-based learning practices, have been developed out of an extensive review of entrepreneurship education literature and frameworks. The results of the assessment, conducted to measure student satisfaction with and opinions of the course, are included along with a summary of the experience gained while taking part in the project. In addition to the assessment, the results of the students' perceptions of entrepreneurial skills gained after the project are presented. Factor analysis took place and several statistical tests were performed to provide significant findings. This paper aims to share implementation – and assessment – of such a project as an opportunity for entrepreneurship educators to learn from others' experiences, and to contribute to the entrepreneurship education literature.
openalex: W2132862288 mag: 2132862288
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Education Inequality in South Africa: Evidence from the National Income Dynamics Study - Branson, Nicola; Lam, D. (Studies in Economics and Econometrics, 2010)
he authors use NIDS wave 1 data to analyse the transitions of students through primary and secondary school. Special attention is given to the links between grade repetition and overall attainment, and how these outcomes correlate with school quality, household income and parental education. We estimate summary statistics and linear probability models. We observe large increases in attainment among younger cohorts relative to older cohorts. Racial differences in attainment are smaller in younger cohorts than in older ones. However, grade repetition continues to be correlated with race and income. Africans spend about 1 year longer in school, but attain about 1 year less schooling than their white counterparts. Controlling for school fees, which proxy for school quality, reduces the racial differences considerably.
openalex: W1503047573 mag: 1503047573
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Tectonic evidence for the ongoing Africa‐Eurasia convergence in central Mediterranean foreland areas: A journey among long‐lived shear zones, large earthquakes, and elusive fault motions - Bucci, Daniela Di; Burrato, Pierfrancesco; Vannoli, Paola; Valensise, Gianluca (Journal of Geophysical Research, 2010)
We investigate the role of the Africa‐Eurasia convergence in the recent tectonic evolution of the central Mediterranean. To this end we focused on two sectors of the Adriatic‐Hyblean foreland of the Apennine‐Maghrebian chain as they allow tectonic evidence for relative plate motions to be analyzed aside from the masking effect of other more local tectonic phenomena (e.g., subduction, chain building, etc.). We present a thorough review of data and interpretations on two major shear zones cutting these foreland sectors: the E‐W Molise‐Gondola in central Adriatic and the N‐S Vizzini‐Scicli in southern Sicily. The selected foreland areas exhibit remarkable similarities, including an unexpectedly high level of seismicity and the presence of the investigated shear zones since the Mesozoic. We analyze the tectonic framework, active tectonics, and seismicity of each of the foreland areas, highlighting the evolution of the tectonic understanding. In both areas, we find that current strains at midcrustal levels seem to respond to the same far‐field force oriented NNW‐SSE to NW‐SE, similar to the orientation of the Africa‐Eurasia convergence. We conclude that this convergence plays a primary role in the seismotectonics of the central Mediterranean and is partly accommodated by the reactivation of large Mesozoic shear zones.
openalex: W2086438290 mag: 2086438290
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Factors influencing the recruitment of students for university sport : the case of University of Johannesburg, South Africa : sports research - Burnett, Christopher A. (African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2010)
In the professional era of sport and increased competition between universities, recruitment of students and athletes have become a crucial strategic venture for higher education institutions using sport as a marketing tool, branding instrument and for status advancement. Students' and athletes' choice of an institution is significantly influenced by various factors of which the social, academic and sport-related factors are often in competition. Students have to negotiate between various influences and demands, with sport-related demands particularly dictating decision-making in the beginning years of university life. The formation of subcultures in high profiled male sports which are clustered through housing arrangements and career choices in sports, limits students' career prospects outside the field of elite sport participation. The study identified the main factors influencing the choice of UJ as an institution for academic studies and sporting home of 149 competitive athletes in ten different sports, namely cricket, hockey, netball, rugby, soccer, volleyball, tennis, waterpolo, golf and cycling. It appears that peers studying at UJ (n=41) or friends as non-UJ students (n=37), as well as family members (n=34) are the most influential social agents and influencers. Main academic attractors include a perception that UJ is the best (n=80) in a particular academic field (n=80) and that the student activities are very attractive (n=52). The main sport-related attractors relate to the high level of sport at UJ (n=103), the quality of facilities (n=101) and a specific coach (n=85) - the latter is most prevalent for cricket, volleyball, netball and rugby.
openalex: W2985391029 mag: 2985391029
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Examining the effects of school environmental factors on pupil's learning achievement in Ugandan primary schools (特集 アフリカ教育研究の可能性を探る) - Byamugisha, Albert (2010)
openalex: W567454717 mag: 567454717
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Universal primary education policy and quality of education in Uganda : The cases of Kabale and Soroti districts (特集 アフリカ教育研究の可能性を探る) - Byamugisha, Albert; Ogawa, Keiichi (2010)
openalex: W378242269 mag: 378242269
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The Adoption of the Mobile Phones in Maintaining Teaching and Learning Quality Assurance in Nigerian Private Universities. - Campbell, Omolara A.; Emunemu, Benedict O. (2010)
openalex: W2461849385 mag: 2461849385
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DEWATS Capacity Building for Primary Schools in Jordan and Palestine - Cardona, Jaime; Afferden, Manfred van; Goedert, Ruth; Abbassi, Bassim; Ali, W.; Mueller, Roland A. (Water Practice & Technology, 2010)
Capacity building for Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Solutions (DEWATS) can play a significant role in the alleviation of water constraints in Jordan and Palestine. The paper summarises practical experience with a pilot teaching unit for primary schools based on demonstration technology and capacity building in the field of DEWATS. The training programme has the goal of raising public awareness and understanding of water issues, and gives pupils the opportunity to conduct experiments in water/wastewater analysis and build wastewater filters and construct wetlands models. This training encourages reflection about wastewater components and shows the participants the advantages of wastewater treatment and the potential for reusing wastewater in decentralised systems. Additionally, the experiments help students understand wastewater as a resource, especially in MENA (Middle East and North Africa) regions with water shortages. The students build a constructed wetland model, which helps them to view constructed wetlands treatment systems as a modern and ecological treatment technology that blends in well with the environment and can provide solutions for wastewater treatment and irrigation purposes. The paper aims to assess the results of a pilot training project conducted in primary schools during November 2008 in Ramallah, Palestine, and April 2009 in Al-Salt, Jordan. In addition, the paper looks at the essential challenges involved in developing the programme on a national scale in Jordan and Palestine, incorporating it into the official curriculum, and evaluating its local impact with the overall aim of more effective and equitable use and allocation of water resources.
openalex: W2073913059 mag: 2073913059
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Practices that are in place at a diverse school where African American students have increased achievement - Carlson, Dawn Michelle (2010)
openalex: W1891466485 mag: 1891466485
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Effects of Corporal Punishment on Academic Performance of Primary Pupils in Sacho Division, Baringo Central District-Kenya - Chelelgo, Solomon Kandie (2010)
A Research Project Submitted to the Institute of Open and Distance Learning in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for a Ward of a Bachelor Degree in Education in Guiding Counselling Of Kampala International University
openalex: W3036547747 mag: 3036547747
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Development of a model plan for the application of information communication technologies in distance education at the University of Zambia - Chifwepa, Vitalicy (2010)
Although the University of Zambia had a strategic plan that advocated for the use of ICT in distance education and had acquired computers for this purpose, no effort had been made to develop a model for the application of the ICT in the development an delivery of distance education materials.Introducing an ICT model in distance education demanded examining the conditions and factors that may hamper or facilitate application of ICT.This study,therefore,examined the conditions that could contribute to a feasible application of ICT in the development and distribution of course materials for distance education students of the University of Zambia.The aim of this study was to design and recommend a feasible and appropriate ICT conceptual model plan for the development and delivery of course materials for the distance education students at the University of Zambia.A Survey methodology was utilised to collect the data on thye status of infrastracture,availability of the access to technologies,and attitudes of staff and students towards the usage of ICT.Questionnares and Interviews were used.The students taking distance education were 1,155 as of the 2004/2005 academic year.There were 54 lecturers involved in the delivery of courses offered in the programme.The simple random sampling technique was used to get a sample of 393 students.In addition to the students,all the 54 lecturers offering tuition by distance education and all the 9 Resident Tutors in the nine provinces were included in the sample.From the DDE, 5 administration staff and 4 academic staff were part of the sample.The total number of respondents,therefore, was 465.The quantitative data was subjected to statistical analysis using both SPSS and excel whereas the qualitative data was analysed thematically.The findings were:(a)The most accessible ICTs were radio cassette recorders,television,video cassette recorders(VCRs),computers and internet.(b)it was odserved that 66% of the the students did not have access to inetrnet due to distance to possible access points and the cost of using the internet.Unless the University of Zambia working through and with its regional offices or other agencies such as Teachers' Resource Centres provided access to inetrnet,it would not be feasible to provide course materials to all the students using internet(c)Generally students had positive attitudes towards the ICT and the ICT based formats of materials.However,students attitudes towards the Radio as a means disseminating course contents were negative.The lecturers'perceptions were that ICT could improve learning and,therefore,should be employed in the delivery of distance education.They indicated that their courses could be offered in the various formats and that the formats could complement each other.(e)Both Students and Lecturers needed training to use the ICT.Skills,however,did not influence the attitudes towards the ICTs as far as students were concerned.Since skill can be developed it would not be a major and hindering constraints towards the application of the model.The…
openalex: W2603831207 mag: 2603831207
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The Implementation of HIV/AIDS Workplace Programme in the Ministry of Education in Zambia - Chileshe, Patrick Shula (2010)
Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology. Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management)) – University of Stellenbosch, 2010.%%%%ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to establish the factors influencing the implementation of the Ministry of Education HIV/AIDS workplace programme in Zambia in order to provide guidelines to make it sustainable. This study is important to identify why the implementation of the workplace Programme has been difficult. This research was based on document analysis, direct observations and the use of semi structured interviews with key staff involved with the implementation of the workplace programme. The findings from this research provide evidence that the workplace HIV and AIDS programme is implementing a continuum of prevention, care and support programmes and most of these are contracted out. Impact mitigation programmes are not being implemented, the donors are funding most of the programmes, and there is lack of leadership and commitment from the leaders in the ministry. The main conclusions drawn from this study are that in the long term HIV and AIDS in the workplace will not be fully managed as only a few of the Ministry of Education staff are benefiting from the workplace programme; some care and support interventions have the potential of increasing the spread of HIV and the lack of leadership and commitment has led to the ministry receiving inadequate funding, becoming heavily dependent on donor funding and the HIV unit having no staff to coordinate HIV/AIDS programmes. This dissertation recommends that leadership and commitment of the leaders in the ministry for HIV and AIDS be built, HIV and AIDS impact mitigation strategies be implemented, the provision of the continuum of services to the Ministry of Education staff be scaled up through leveraging of private sector resources, linkages be developed with local NGOs and health service providers, and the medical scheme policy and nutritional support for staff living with HIV be reviewed so that it does not send wrong messages that would potentially increase new HIV infections. Finally, the implementation of HIV and AIDS services should continue being contracted.%%%%AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is die bepaling van die faktore wat die implementering van ‘n MIV/Vigs-werkplekprogram in die Ministerie van Opvoeding in Zambia beinvloed het. Die studie poog verder om die implementering van die programme binne die Ministerie van Opvoedkunde te evalueer. Die navorsing is uitgevoer deur middel van analises van dokumente, direkte waarneming en die gebruik van semi-gestruktureerde vraelyste wat gevoer is met sleutelpersoneel wat betrokke was by die implementering van die program. Die hoofbevinding van hierdie studie is dat MIV/Vigs nie in die langtermyn doelstreffend bestuur sal kan word nie. Hierdie bevinding kan grootliks aan die gebrek aan leierskap en toewyding toegeskryf word. Voorstelle ter verbetering van hierdie situasie word voorgestel.
openalex: W178946070 mag: 178946070
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Perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda - Chireshe, Regis; Rutondoki, Edward Ntare; Ojwang, Paul (SAHARA-J, 2010)
The study investigated perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda. Participants (N=95) were made up of 15 leaders of disabled people's organisations (DPOs) and 80 people with disabilities (PWDs). A survey design which used both quantitative and qualitative research methods was adopted. A questionnaire was used for leaders of DPOs while focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with the rest of the participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data. The qualitative data were analysed by means of a content analysis. The study found that although PWDs were aware of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, they felt discriminated against on HIV/AIDS issues. The PWDs had difficulties in accessing HIV/AIDS services because of mainly communication problems. Results further revealed that the HIV/AIDS policy on disability was not very clear. The PWDs requested for full involvement in HIV/AIDS advocacy and training programmes. Recommendations were made.
openalex: W2162054578 mag: 2162054578
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Perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda : original article - Chireshe, Regis; Rutondoki, Edward Ntare; Ojwang, Paul (SAHARA : Journal of Social Aspects of HIV / AIDS Research Alliance, 2010)
The study investigated perceptions of the availability and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS awareness and intervention programmes by people with disabilities in Uganda. Participants (N=95) were made up of 15 leaders of disabled people's organisations (DPOs) and 80 people with disabilities (PWDs). A survey design which used both quantitative and qualitative research methods was adopted. A questionnaire was used for leaders of DPOs while focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with the rest of the participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data. The qualitative data were analysed by means of a content analysis. The study found that although PWDs were aware of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, they felt discriminated against on HIV/AIDS issues. The PWDs had difficulties in accessing HIV/AIDS services because of mainly communication problems. Results further revealed that the HIV/AIDS policy on disability was not very clear. The PWDs requested for full involvement in HIV/AIDS advocacy and training programmes. Recommendations were made. L'etude a porte sur les perceptions par des personnes handicapees de l'Ouganda de l'acces aux programmes de sensibilisation et d'intervention sur le VIH/SIDA et de leur efficacite. Les participants (N=95) etaient composes de 15 dirigeants d'organisations de personnes handicapees (OPH) et de 80 personnes handicapees (PH). L'etude a utilise des methodes de recherche quantitative et qualitative. Les dirigeants des OPH ont repondu a un questionnaire tandis que le reste des participants ont pris part a des discussions de groupes (DG). Des statistiques descriptives ont ete utilisees pour analyser les donnees quantitatives. Les donnees qualitatives ont ete examinees au moyen d'une analyse de contenu. L'etude a revele que bien que les personnes handicapees fussent sensibilisees a la pandemie du VIH/SIDA, ils s'estimaient victimes de discrimination en la matiere. Les personnes handicapees avaient des difficulties a acceder aux services VIH/SIDA principalement en raison de problemes de communication. De plus, les conclusions ont montre que la politique VIH/SIDA en matiere de handicap n'etait pas tres lisible. Les personnes handicapees ont demande a etre pleinement impliquees dans des programmes de sensibilisation et de formation sur le VIH/SIDA. Des recommandations ont ete faites.
openalex: W1636703902 mag: 1636703902
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International Survey in Eight Countries about Teachers and Teaching Profession: Belgium, Cyprus, Italy, Libya, Poland, Slovakia, Turkey, United States of America. - Chistolini, Sandra (2010)
openalex: W2416958942 mag: 2416958942
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The impact of football on the socialisation of female student-athletes in South Africa : psycho-social perspectives of sports - Clark, Christina; Burnett, Cora (African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2010)
Many studies have investigated the socialisation impacts on sport participants, but few have examined the reciprocal socialisation that occurs in the households of the children or youth who participate. This paper utilises social cognitive theory, symbolic interactionism and sport socialisation to examine the reciprocal socialisation patterns in South African women's football. Five case studies of families are analysed to describe eight thematic areas of the socialisation factors and changes within the families, as a result of the daughter's participation. Sport is a powerful location to socialise girls into gender roles, and households are influential in this formation. Households impact gender role socialisation through patriarchal values, household composition, sport involvement of significant others, and childhood play activities. The girls are also influential in socialising their households and impacting the way significant others interact and view women's football. In terms of this reciprocal sport socialisation, four types of changes emerged namely: household dynamics and relationships, emotional responses and beliefs, social recognition and pride, and educational perspectives and opportunities.
openalex: W1515870444 mag: 1515870444
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Policy mediation and leadership : insights from provincial implementers of South African school evaluation policies - Clercq, Francine De (Southern African Review of Education with Education with Production, 2010)
This article explores an aspect of education policy-making that is seldom researched in any depth in South African policy analysis, namely how provincial and district education officials strategise to mediate education policies. Strategic policy leadership exists in pockets of education departments and requires officials to be knowledgeable of policy contexts, texts and their enabling and constraining aspects as well as have an ability to use discretionary powers to take strategic decisions which can make the policy enabling for various stakeholders as well as close to their vision. This article examines some positive mediation strategies by provincial education officials with sufficient policy expertise and leadership to appreciate policy tensions as well as navigate through the complex policy processes to exploit the space created by the policy. Far from accepting policies as yet another add-on which overextend them, these officials strategise to ensure that their mediation work enables various stakeholders and benefits more than a few groups with sectarian interests.
openalex: W2302120154 mag: 2302120154
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Creative group music teaching and the principles of Gestalt play therapy in the foundation phase in South African education - Coetzee, Elthea (2010)
Creative group music teaching and the principles of Gestalt Play Therapy in the Foundation Phase in South African education Key terms: Creativity; developmental stages; Early Childhood Development (ECD); Foundation Phase; Gestalt Play Therapy; Music education; Outcomes based Education (OBE); South African legislation. Music teaching in groups is an important aspect of the development of the child in Foundation Phase teaching. Early childhood has been described as the most critical period in the child’s musical development. With the introduction of Outcomes based Education in South Africa, the curriculum regarding the presentation of music classes has changed. Similarities between music group classes and Gestalt Play Therapy were investigated, with the aim of incorporating concepts of Gestalt Play Therapy into music group classes. Legislation was studied in order to determine the expectations of the South African government, and specifically the education departments, relating to music teaching. In the present curriculum, the weight allocation for music in the Foundation Phase was significantly reduced from what it was previously. Teachers must structure their own music programme into their curriculum. Investigation into the presentation of creative music group classes, with the incorporation of the principles of Gestalt Play Therapy, was undertaken in this research study. Gestalt Play Therapy is a holistic approach that combines the principles of Gestalt theory with Play Therapy. Research was undertaken to investigate whether specific stages in Gestalt Play Therapy could be successfully combined with music group classes. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
openalex: W2131143656 mag: 2131143656
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African Leaders: Their Education Abroad and FDI Flows - Constant, Amélie F.; Tien, Bienvenue N. (RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2010)
openalex: W4301407256
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How culture influences the experiences of international West African students enrolled in a two year college degree program - Crosson, Loretta Samuel (2010)
openalex: W2778082080 mag: 2778082080
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Job stress and locus of control in teachers: comparisons between samples from the United States and Zimbabwe - Crothers, Laura M.; Kanyongo, Gibbs Y.; Kolbert, Jered B.; Lipinski, John; Kachmar, Steven P.; Koch, Gary D. (International Review of Education, 2010)
openalex: W2003570618 mag: 2003570618
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The importance of preferential flow in controlling groundwater recharge in tropical Africa and implications for modelling the impact of climate change on groundwater resources - Cuthbert, Mark O.; Tindimugaya, Callist (Journal of Water and Climate Change, 2010)
An improved water table fluctuation technique for estimating recharge is applied to a sustained (10-year) groundwater level monitoring record in Uganda, a rare dataset for tropical Africa, and compared against results from soil moisture balance models (SMBMs) and unsaturated flow models. The results show that recharge is directly proportional to rainfall (long-term average rainfall is around 1200 mm/a), even during times when high soil moisture deficits are anticipated. This indicates that preferential and/or localized flow mechanisms dominate the recharge behaviour. SMBMs and unsaturated flow models, based on uniform flow governed by the Richards equation, are shown to be inappropriate for estimating recharge in this location underlain by lateritic soils. Given the large spatial coverage of lateritic soils both globally and in tropical Africa, and despite the convenience of physically based uniform flow models and, in particular, SMBMs, concern is raised over the use of such models for recharge estimation, and thus for exploring future trends due to climate or land use change, unless backed up by sufficient hydraulic data to enable the recharge processes to be confirmed. More research is needed to assess how widespread preferential flow may be within other major soil groups and climate zones.
openalex: W2047651880 mag: 2047651880
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Developing inclusive policy and practice in diverse contexts: A South African experience - Daniels, Berenice (School Psychology International, 2010)
Pre-1994, South Africa was a country riddled with inequality and discrimination stemming from the policy of ‘apartheid’. Since 1994, there have been considerable efforts made to enable the country to move toward becoming non-racial and democratic, with a culture of human rights and social justice. One of the primary tasks of the new democratically elected government was a reform of the education system. Specialized Education was initially neglected, but then in 1996 a National Commission was appointed to investigate Special Needs in Education and Education Support Services, of which the author was one of the co-ordinators. The timeline for the full implementation of the resulting White Paper 6 on Inclusive Education is 20 years. Inclusive Education in South Africa aims to meet the needs of all learners by addressing barriers to learning, welcoming diversity and fostering maximum participation by all in the culture of the school. This article, based on the author’s experience, will discuss the challenges for implementation of the policy in one of the South African districts which field-tested the recommendations in White Paper 6, a district with diverse contexts, the emerging promising practice, and the implications for specialized support professionals, in particular the role of school psychologists.
openalex: W2143244218 mag: 2143244218
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Education support services policy and practice in South Africa: An example of community psychology in action? - Daniels, Bernice; Lazarus, Sandy; Nel, William Nico (Education As Change, 2010)
This article examines recent education policy (White Paper 6 on building an inclusive education and training system in South Africa, Department of Education 2001) for the purposes of identifying whether and how this policy reflects a community psychology approach to understanding and responding to psychosocial challenges in education. The authors then critically discuss the relevance and value of this approach in practice. The discussion concludes with case narratives by two of the authors, of how this approach has been developed within two specific district education support structures in two South African provinces. It considers what the benefits and challenges are that relate to the practices of psychologists in educational settings.
openalex: W2114018130 mag: 2114018130
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Opportunities and Challenges for Mixed Day Secondary School Headteachers in Promoting Girl-Child Education in Kenya: A Case Study of Kisumu Municipality. - Dawo, Jane-Irene A.; Simatwa, Enose M.W. (Educational Research Review, 2010)
Despite Kenya Government’s commitment to enhancement of girl-child education, their participation rate at secondary school level is still notably low. Many studies on the girl-child education have concentrated in the rural populations with the assumption that the situation in the urban setting is nearly ideal. This was not the case as was evidenced in the period 2004-2007 whereby, mixed day secondary schools in Kisumu Municipality were averagely made up of only 43% girls. Headteachers as implementers of government policies are well placed to enhance girl child participation in mixed day secondary schools. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the opportunities, challenges and coping strategies for headteachers in the promotion of secondary school girl-child education. The findings of the study were that headteachers had several opportunities such as financial resources, government policies, political goodwill, personnel and facilities to promote girl-child participation in secondary education. Headteachers faced challenges including indiscipline, inadequate facilities and personnel, poverty and girl-child drop-out. Strategies to cope with the challenges were government policies, parental involvement and availing resources and personnel for the girl-child education. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the government should formulate appropriate educational policies whose implementation would be monitored and evaluated to improve Girl child education. Besides, the headteacher should facilitate the affordability of girl-child education in mixed day secondary schools.
openalex: W2119690946 mag: 2119690946
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Global Climate Change and Sedimentation Patterns in the Neogene Baringo Basin, Central Kenya Rift - Deino, Alan L.; Kingston, John D.; Wilson, K. E.; Hill, A. (AGUFM, 2010)
openalex: W3015841723 mag: 3015841723
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Training the non-specialist music teacher: insights from a Zimbabwean case study - Delport, Alette; Mufute, Josphat (Journal of Musical Arts in Africa, 2010)
In Zimbabwe music education in primary schools is taught by general classroom teachers, who received their music training during their general teacher training years. In this case study we explored the nature of music teacher training at one particular institution in Zimbabwe. We concluded that reasonable success was achieved to some extent in terms of preparing student teachers to implement the Zimbabwe Primary Music Syllabus (Curriculum Development Unit 1989). Serious reservations arise, however, about the levels of these teachers’ subject content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge and general level of musicianship.
openalex: W2062890162 mag: 2062890162
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Adaptation to climate change in Southern Africa: factoring in AIDS - Drimie, Scott; Gillespie, Stuart (Environmental Science & Policy, 2010)
This paper addresses the interactions between the AIDS epidemic and climate change in southern Africa, particularly as they impact on food security. An assessment was undertaken through a comprehensive literature review. Understanding the underlying causes of regional food insecurity inevitably means understanding the role of the AIDS epidemic and increasingly climate change amongst other stressors. AIDS cuts through household and community level capacity, as well as the capacity of key facilitators of the adaptation process including state extension services and civil society organisations. The main argument of the paper is that adaptation to climate change must explicitly factor in the existing and long-term effects of the epidemic. While calls for embracing adaptation abound, little is being done to assess and strengthen the organisational capacity of institutions, which should play leading roles in any attempt to help prepare for a changing climate. In particular the capacity of key agencies has been undermined by the AIDS epidemic. This reiterates the need for a multisectoral approach and building bridges between agriculture and health sectors to ensure longer term support to livelihoods where HIV and hunger coexist, often overlaid by climate change.
openalex: W2074510332 mag: 2074510332
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