Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents secondary school students in Port Harcourt, Nigeria - Jaja, T; Yarhere, IE (Nigerian journal of paediatrics, 1970)
Background: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) in children and adolescents is on the increase, therefore, prevention and early detection are important.Objective: To assess for easily identifiable risk factors (overweight/obesity, hypertension, Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) and family history of diabetes) for T2DM in adolescents in public secondary schoolsResult: Eight hundred and eighty adolescents aged 10 to 19 years were screened and 124(14.1%) were overweight/obese. 457 (51.9%) of students had none of the risk factors while 272(30.9%) had at least one risk factor. Using the American Diabetes Association criteria for identification of those at risk for T2DM, 21(2.4%) were identified. The frequency of presence of risk factors was more in females (3.3%), mid adolescent age group (3.1%) and those with positive family history of diabetes. These findings were however not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant association between presence of hypertension and impaired fasting glucose and risk factor for type 2 DM.Conclusion: The significant risk factors identified in this study were prehypertension/hypertension and impaired fasting blood glucose.Key words: Adolescence, Risk factors, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Educational Television in Teacher Education in Papua and New Guinea. - Jeffery, Peter L (1970)
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Improving the quality of education in Nigeria: a comparative evaluation of recent policy imperatives - Johnson, David L. (Social Sciences Division, 1970)
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Education in East Africa : a study of East, Central and South Africa by the Second African Education Commission under the auspices of the Phelps-Stokes Fund, in cooperation with the International Education Board : report - Jones, Thomas Jesse; Fund, Phelps-Stokes (1970)
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Correspondence Courses for Training in Public Administration in Africa - Kabwasa, Antoine (African Administrative Studies, 1970)
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Some Swaziland High School Students' Attitudes towards the Study of Mathematics - Kaino, Luckson Muganyizi (1970)
The study on students' attitudes towards mathematics was carried out in 1996. It involved selected schools from the three school categories i.e. Co-education, Boys-only and Girls-only high schools. The variables considered were students' interest, confidence and performance in mathematics, and students' future career prospects involving mathematics. Data were collected using questionnaires, and analysed in terms of statistical descriptive and non-parametric forms. The findings showed that girls in Girls-only schools were more confident with better performance and considered mathematics to be of greater significance to their future careers than girls in Co-education schools. Also girls in Co-education schools performed poorer, were less confident and less interested in mathematics than boys in the same schools. It was concluded that gender differences existed among students in the considered sample and that there is need to change the studying environment situation in Co-education schools.
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L'enseignement de la litterature africaine aux Africains (The Teaching of African Literature to Africans). - Kane, Mohamadou (Francais dans le Monde, 1970)
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The impact of Koran schools on the education of African Muslims in Uganda, 1900-1968 - Kasozi, A.B.K. (1970)
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River Pollution Monitoring: A Case Study OfThe Ruaraka River In Kenya - Kilani, Jaafar (WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 1970)
The Tusker Brewery at Ruaraka (located about 6 km from Nairobi City Centre) is the largest brewery plant in Kenya, producing about 2.25 million litres of beer per day. The effluent from the plant is discharged directly into the Ruaraka River without any form of pretreatment. The impact of the discharge from the brewery plant on the water quality profile of the river was monitored and discussed. Based on the results of a treatability study, the expected impact of the waste on the river if some form of pretreatment of the wastewater in an anaerobic pond is provided prior to discharge was simulated.
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Towards an increased understanding of administration : a report and record of the course on the teaching of pulic administration in Africa held in Morocco from 14 September to 10 October 1970 - Kimble, David (1970)
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Climate change indices for Kenya - King'uyu, S. M.; Kilavi, Mary; Omeny, Peter; Muigai, E; Njogu, Andrew (1970)
Africa is among the regions that are most vulnerable to climate change due to its high dependency on rain-fed agriculture and lack of adap ng strategies. Studies indicate signals of climate change with varying impacts and intensi es over diff erent loca ons of the con nent. In Kenya, studies have indicated general warming over land sta ons with cooling over coastal loca ons and near large water bodies. A reduc on in cold extremes over the drier areas has also been observed. Rainfall trends show mixed signals with some loca ons indicating increasing trends in recent years, while majority do not show any signifi cant trends. Most of the studies on climate change are based on trends in the climatological data. This study used daily climatological data to defi ne thresholds for severe weather and extreme climate; and delineate climate change indices for Kenya. Results showed a general warming over land sta ons. Some sta ons indicated higher rates of night- me warming than those of day- me warming. These results generally agree with previous studies that indicated warming over most parts of the country. The results further indicated a general decreasing trend in rainfall, with a tendency towards increased frequencies of extreme rainfall events over some loca ons. The study recommends, among others, that the list of indices generated using RClimdex be ‘tropicalised’ to refl ect the reality of the hot tropical environment.
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African Students in Negro American Colleges: Notes on the Good African - King, Kenneth J. (Phylon, 1970)
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Wall Posters for Kenyan Schools Radio Courses. - King, Peter (1970)
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The Alliance High School and the origins of the Kenya Africa Elite, 1926-1962 - Kipkorir, Benjamin E. (1970)
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Priorities for the Preparation of Secondary School Teachers in Middle Africa. - Klassen, Frank H. (1970)
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Introgression of drought tolerance root traits into Kenyan commercial chickpea varieties using marker assisted backcrossing - Kosgei, A.J.; Kimurto, P.K.; Gaur, P.M.; Yeboah, M.A.; Offei, S.K.; Danquah, E.Y. (African Crop Science Journal, 1970)
Roots play critical roles in enhancing drought tolerance, more so under terminal drought conditions. The objective of this study was to introgress drought tolerant root traits into Kenyan chickpea varieties through marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for root traits, were used to screen parents at ICRISAT in India, and 1144 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNPs) markers at Legume Genomics Centre in the United Kingdom. Crosses were made between two selected varieties, ICCV 92944 (Chania Desi II) and ICCV 00108 (LDT 068); and ICC 4958, QTL donor parent. Polymorphic SSR and SNP markers were used to select offspring with root QTL at F1, BC1F1, and BC2F1, and later advanced to BC2F3. BC2F3 families were evaluated for root traits at Egerton University in Kenya in a pot experiment under rain shelter. The BC2F3 families were significantly (P<0.05) different for root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), total plant dry weight (PDW), and root to shoot dry weight (R/S) ratio (R/S) for Chania Desi II x ICC 4958; while R/S was significantly different for LDT 068 x ICC 4958. Root length density (RLD) and RDW were positively and significantly (P<0.05) correlated with most of the traits, indicating its usefulness in the indirect selection of these traits. The utilisation of MABC is an effective and efficient method of introgressing complex root traits into commercial lines, expected to improve yields under drought. There is need for deployment of marker-assisted breeding in difficult to phenotypically select traits.
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The Education "Industry" in Africa. - Kraft, Richard (1970)
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How much do school teachers know about childhood asthma in Ilesa, Nigeria? - Kuti, BP; Kuti, DK; Omole, KO; Oso, BO; Mohammed, LO; Minna, YA (Nigerian journal of paediatrics, 1970)
Background: Childhood asthma is affected by events and conditions of the school environment. Teachers as de-facto caregivers of children with asthma have a major role to play in ensuring good asthma control in school. This study set out to determine the level of knowledge of school teacher about childhood asthma and factors influencing this knowledge.Methods: Four secondary schools (two private and two public) in Ilesa, South West Nigeria were selected by multistage sampling method. All the teachers in these schools were required to fill a self -administered questionnaire incorporating a validated 40-item asthma knowledge questions. Factors associated with the level of knowledge were determined appropriately.Results: A total of 132 teacher (M: F = 1:2) participated in the study with 85 (64.4%) from private school. The mean (SD) age of the teachers was 38.0 (9.1) years and median (IQR) years in teaching service was 7.0 (5.0 to 15.0) years. Majority (56.1%) of the teachers had university education while only 7 (5.3%) had a post graduate degree. The mean (SD) score of the 40 item questions was 21.5 (7.2) and majority (51.5%) had poor asthma knowledge (score < 22). Poorer knowledge was observed in questions related to the nature and management of childhood asthma than triggers and manifestations. No significant correlation was found between knowledge and age, teaching experience and qualifications (p > 0.05). However, teachers with previous training about childhood asthma had relatively good knowledge about the condition. (p <0.05)Conclusion: The level of knowledge about childhood asthma among school teachers in Ilesa is poor particularly as regards to nature and management of the disease. We advocate for training of school teachers about common childhood conditions including asthma to ensure optimal symptoms control in school.Keywords: Childhood asthma, Knowledge, School teachers
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Libraries in university education in Ghana - Kwapong, A. A. (Ghana Library Journal, 1970)
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Forestry education and training in Africa. - Lafond, A. (Unasylva, 1970)
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Islamic Education in Syria: Undoing Secularism - Landis, Joshua (INSANIA : Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan, 1970)
Pendidikan Islam di Syiria adalah bagian dari strategi besar negara tersebut menuju nation-building . Sejalan dengan kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengeliminasi semua perbedaan di antara bangsa Syiria, pengajaran Islam di sekolah menanamkan ajaran Islam Sunni kepada semua muslim Syiria tanpa memandang suku. Namun, kurikulum agama ini berkebalikan dengan agenda pemerintah menuju sekularisme. Kurikulum agama Islam mengajarkan ketidaksetaraan di antara bangsa Syiria yang beragama Islam dan non-Islam. Ketidaksetaraan ini, yang menyebabkan perlakuan yang berbeda terhadap non-muslim, menjadikan mereka merasa tidak nyaman, dan pada akhirnya gelombang imigrasi ke negara lain pun terus terjadi.
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Islamic Education in Syria: Undoing Secularism - Landis, Joshua (Insania: Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan, 1970)
Pendidikan Islam di Syiria adalah bagian dari strategi besar negara tersebut menuju nation-building. Sejalan dengan kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengeliminasi semua perbedaan di antara bangsa Syiria, pengajaran Islam di sekolah menanamkan ajaran Islam Sunni kepada semua muslim Syiria tanpa memandang suku. Namun, kurikulum agama ini berkebalikan dengan agenda pemerintah menuju sekularisme. Kurikulum agama Islam mengajarkan ketidaksetaraan di antara bangsa Syiria yang beragama Islam dan non-Islam. Ketidaksetaraan ini, yang menyebabkan perlakuan yang berbeda terhadap non-muslim, menjadikan mereka merasa tidak nyaman, dan pada akhirnya gelombang imigrasi ke negara lain pun terus terjadi.
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Training, information and development on the Ivory Coast. - Laurent, St. (Cahiers d'Études africaines, 1970)
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The role and functions of adult education in Tanzania - London, Jeffrey W. (1970)
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Education in Africa: A Panoramic View - Lucas, Éric (East Africa Journal, 1970)
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Career Development Challenges Faced by Undergraduate Student Mothers in Public Universities in Kenya - Lugulu, Joyce M.A. (1970)
This study examined challenges faced by undergraduate student mothers in public universities in Kenya, a case study of three public universities in Uasin Gishu County. The population of this group of students is gradually rising, balancing motherhood and studies is a challenge that all of them must confront. The purpose of this study was to find out how they can be assisted to balance studies and motherhood. This investigation adopted a mixed approach methodology with a case study design. Purposive sampling was used to select forty nine (49) participants, consisting of forty three (43) student mothers, three (3) leaders of Student Governing Councils and three (3) administrators. Tools for data collection included questionnaire, interviews for administrators and students leaders. Focused Group Discussions (FGD) were used to gather in- depth information from students’ participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses. The major findings indicated that public universities do not have exclusive administrative, financial, social and physical structures in place to address the plight of undergraduate student mothers. They face many challenges including, stigma, misunderstandings with spouses/families/partners, financial constraints, accommodation problems and inability to balance motherhood and studies. It was recommended that public universities should provide financial, psychological and social support to these students to help them balance motherhood and studies. Aggressive programs should be initiated by public universities to create awareness of the challenges of motherhood and acceptance of oneself to guard against low self-esteem.
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Utilization of E-Learning Resources among Tertiary Students in Ogun State, Nigeria - Lukmon, Adeola Kiadese (Makerere journal of higher education, 1970)
This study investigated assessment of e-learning resources utilization by students of tertiary institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study was conducted using a descriptive survey design. Three hundred and eighty-one (381) tertiary students in the area were randomly selected for the study. A researcher-designed questionnaire titled “Utilization of E-learning Resources Questionnaire” (UERQ) with a Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.76 was used to collect data. Frequency counts, percentages, means, t-test and ANOVA statistics were used to analyse the data. The findings were that there is a significant difference in utilization of e-learning resources based on class and institutions. However, there is no significant difference based on gender and age. It is recommended that tertiary institutions re-design their general studies curriculum to include e-learning skills so as to help students to understand how they can utilize e-learning resources.
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Moroccan Women Take to Vocational Training - MacDonald, Diane (Al-Raida Journal, 1970)
Abridged article by Diane MacDonald, published in Al-Majal,n. 141, December 1982, pp. 23-25.
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The objective Ethiopian school leaving examination: rationale and technique - Madsen, Harold S. (1970)
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Effect of Fees Policies on the Quality of University Education in Uganda - Mande, Wm; Nakayita, M (Makerere Journal of Higher Education, 1970)
This paper reports on the findings of a study that was undertaken to analyse the effect of fees policy on the quality of university education in Uganda. It reports that every university in Uganda has a fees policy and that these fees policies differ in content and implementation. The paper confirms a significant relationship between fees policies and the reputation of universities. It also reports that fees policies had a significant effect on the quality of educationprovided by the universities. Subsequently, the paper discusses the main higher education funding models in the country with specific reference to these findings. This is with the conclusion that the country should adopt an egalitarian cost sharing model that resolves the limitations of the current funding models. Keywords: Funding; Student fees; Reform.
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Agricultural Education in Kenya. - Maxwell, Robert (Agr Educ Mag, 1970)
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Education and Elite Formation in East Africa - Mazrui, Alí A. (Pan-African Journal, 1970)
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Gabbroic and ultramafic nodules: High level intracrustal nodular occurrences in alkalic basalts and associated volcanics from Kenya, described and compared with those of Hawaii - McCall, G. J. H. (Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 1970)
Nodules in alkalic olivine basalt and associated volcanic rocks from Kenya include gabbroic, dioritic, syenitic and eclogitic material. Nodules of ijolitic and uncompahgritic material are found in the nephelinite volcanics. All but the eclogitic nodules of the Chyulu Hills are considered to be of high level, intracrustal provenance: the eclogitic nodules described by Saggerson may be of upper mantle provenance. These occurrences are compared with gabbroic and peridotite/dunite nodule occurrences of Hualalai and Mauna Kea, Hawaii, which are probably largely of intracrustal cumulate derivation. The mechanism of gas-coring that is believed to be responsible for the phenomenon of nodular inclusions is tentatively related to an immiscible carbonate fraction, separated in alkalic and alkaline magmas, but not in tholeiitic magmas. A brief discussion of the whole spectrum of nodular occurrences, with special reference to their level of provenance, concludes this account.
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Technical education in Africa - McNown, John S. (1970)
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Blood Donation among Graduating Undergraduate Health Science Students at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia - Melku, Mulugeta; Asrie, Fikir; Shiferaw, Elias; Woldu, Berhanu; Yihunew, Yalelet; Asmelash, Daniel; Enawgaw, Bamlaku (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion is one of the most essential needs to manage patients suffering from various medical conditions. Nowadays, voluntary blood donors are the only source of blood in the blood banks. There is a great need to create awareness among the population at large and students about blood donation to maintain a regular blood supply. Health Science students can be used as best model to lead this initiative. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding blood donation among graduating undergraduate Health Science students.METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among graduating undergraduate Health Science students at University of Gondar using structured pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. Stratified sampling technique was employed to select study participants. A total of 225 students participated in the study. Data was entered into and analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Mean score was used to categorize the knowledge and attitude. Binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice regarding blood donation.RESULT: Among 255 undergraduate Health Science graduate students, 123(48.2%) and 202(79.2%) had adequate knowledge about and positive attitude regarding blood donation, respectively. About 12.5% of them had ever donated blood before. Age ≥25 years was significantly associated with practice of blood donation (AOR=4.33; 95%CI: 1.60, 11.76).CONCLUSION: Although the majority of the students had positive attitude regarding blood donation, blood donation practice was low. Age was found to be significantly associated with blood donation practice. Targeted strategies should be designed to increase awareness of health science students about blood donation. Strategies which encourage the students to donate blood voluntarily should also be designed. KEYWORDS: Knowledge, attitude, practice, blood donation
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The Teaching of African History: A Marxist View - Meserve, Harry C. (Ufahamu, 1970)
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Centralisation in education in Tanzania - Michael, Lizette (Quarterly Journal of Administration, 1970)
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Functional Vocational and Technical Education in Agriculture for Sierra Leone - Mondeh, Renner Eric (1970)
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The Student Revolt Against Racism in South Africa - Morlan, Gail (Africa Today, 1970)
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Teaching Journalism in Zambia. - Mortin, Jenni (Monday Morning, 1970)
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Anatomical variations of the vertebral artery in a Zambian indigenous adult population undergoing computerised tomography angiography at the university teaching hospitals Lusaka, Zambia - Mutalife, Fridah; Sing’ombe, Isaac; Nambule, Vivienne; Mutemwa, Sikhanyiso; Kafumukache, Elliot; Veronica, Sunkutu; Erzingastian, Krikor (Anatomy journal of Africa, 1970)
Vertebral artery is an important source of blood supply to the brain which arises from the subclavian arteries. Anatomical variations have been incidentally reported during autopsy and angiograms. These variations predispose to development of aneurysms, dissections and may lead to vertebrobasilar ischaemia and posterior circulation stroke. Knowledge of variations of the great vessels of the neck is important for endovascular interventionists and diagnostic radiologists, more so in the era of new therapeutic options for intracranial interventions. Forty-two computerised tomography angiograms at the University Teaching Hospitals, Radiology Department Lusaka were examined to investigate vertebral artery variations in a Zambian population and determine the origin of the vessels. These paired vessels were examined thoroughly individually. Eighty-four arteries were examined eighty one (96.4%) had origin from the subclavian artery while three (3.6%) left took origin from the aortic arch. Variations found were two (2.4%) right vertebral arteries had fenestrations, ten (11.9%) had dual origin and one (1.2%) left was hypoplastic. The age ranged from 18 and 81 with mean age of (42.5±) of these seven females and four males had variations. Demographic characteristic (gender and age) had no statistically significant association to variations of vertebral artery (P>0.05). Variations of the vertebral artery are common. Knowledge of these variations is important and helpful in preventing iatrogenic injuries and haemorrhage during endovascular intervention and diagnostic procedures.Keywords: Vertebral artery, duplication, fenestrations, hypoplasia
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Justifications for Undertaking Marketing Orientation Studies in Higher Learning Institutions in Tanzania - Muya, Francis; Tundui, Hawa Petro (Makerere journal of higher education, 1970)
This paper was written with the major aim of presenting a number of issues which justify the undertaking of marketing orientation studies in Tanzania Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs). It was also the intention of the authors to give a brief picture of marketing practice in Tanzania environment and on the higher learning institutions. The information used in this paper was mainly collected through review of literatures on articles which focused on marketing orientation and higher learning institutions. The review of literature revealed that different aspects including challenges facing HLIs, sectoral variation, geographical concentrated literatures, qualitative based studies, review of literature based studies, single informants responses, small samples problems and limited responses limitations are major issues justifying undertaking a marketing orientation study in Tanzania HLIs.
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New Directions in Teacher Education. Report on a Conference Held in Kenya, May 1968. - Mwendwa, Kyale (1970)
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The relationship between education and entrepreneurship in Nigeria - Nafziger, E. Wayne (Journal of Developing Areas, 1970)
The rate of economic growth is dependent upon the growth in factors of production and the rate of technical change. Recently some economists have shifted the emphasis away from the growth of physical capital to the growth of high-level manpower, such as entrepreneurship, as the major determinant of the rate of economic growth. In part, this shift has resulted from empirical studies based on American economic growth, which suggest that increases in the supply of physical capital explain no more than a fraction of growth in aggregate output.' To some extent, the reorientation has resulted from the increased use of the tools of other social sciences in the theory of economic development. Many scholars using these tools have contended that high-level human skills are key variables which link the sociocultural milieu with the rate of economic development. Despite the increased emphasis upon the need for entrepreneurs, empirical data on their determinants are lacking. A priori, a number of variables seem likely to influence the supply2 and success of entrepreneurs, including the socioeconomic class, socioethnic community, family structure, other politicosocio-cultural attachments, time perspective, education, training and work experience of the entrepreneurs; the nature of the labor and capital markets;
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Immunoglobulin heavy variable (IgHV) gene mutation and micro-RNA expression in Burkitt’s lymphoma at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya - Ndede, Isaac; Mining, Simeon; Patel, Kirtika; Wanjala, F. M. E.; Tenge, Constance (African health sciences (Print), 1970)
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a virus associated childhood B-cell cancer common in Eastern Africa. Continued survival of B-cells in germinal centres depend on expression of high affinity immunoglobulins (Ig) to complementary antigens by somatic hypermutation of Ig genes. Cellular microRNAs, non-coding RNAs have been reported to play role in cell cycle regulation. Both viral antigen dependent mutation and micro-RNA expression maybe involved in BL pathogenesis.To describe immunoglobulin heavy variable (IgHV) rearrangement and micro-RNA expressions in BL tumours.Genomic DNA were extracted and purified from BL tissue blocks at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, before amplification using IgHV consensus primers and sequencing. The sequences were then aligned with germline alleles in IMGT/V-QUEST® database. Total RNA extracted from tissue blocks and cell lines were used to determine relative expression of hsamiR-34a and hsa-miR-127.In all tumours, allele alignment scores and number of mutations range were 89.2-93.2%, 15-24 respectively. The range of IgHV amino acid changes were higher in EBER-1+ (15-25) than EBER-1- (9-15). In MYC+ tumours, the relative expression were: hsa-miR-127(2.09);hsa-miR-34a (2.8) and MYC- hsa-miR-127 (1.2), hsa-miR-34a (1.0).B-cell in BL contained somatic mutated IgHV gene and upregulated cellular microRNAs with possible pathogenetic role(s).
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Competency Based Curriculum and its Implications for Teacher Training in Kenya - Ngaruiya, Boniface (Cradle of Knowledge African Journal of Educational and Social Science Research (The), 1970)
The Competency Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kenya was proposed, introduced, and is now a full cycle for the early years and primary school levels. It was introduced as a pilot in the Lower classes in Kenya in 2017. It proposes to change the structure and the pedagogy of basic education. This paper used a desk research methodology to lookcritically into the need for the proposed new CBC learning technology, the high points of the new curriculum and to show its implications for teacher education. The paper reviews the terminology surrounding the proposed new Basic Education Framework (BECF) to explain the teacher's role in the framework and suggest a way forward for teacher education. More funds from the CBC system should be allocated for preservice Teacher training for current teacher trainees to practice and experience realistic training with the 21st century resources the CBC anticipates in a Kenyan school. It concludes that the structural change from 8-4-4 to 6-4-3-3 will be the easier thing to change, while changing the spirit of the curriculum will require a more concerted effort by different players.
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English Language, the Nigerian Education System and Human Development - Njoku, Juliana Chinwe (UNIZIK Journal of Arts and Humanities, 1970)
The role English language plays in human development in Nigeria is the focal point of this paper. Basically, language is the most frequently used and the most highly developed form of human communication. Through language, people interact, share ideas and express their feelings. Without language, man would be incapable of a sustained and result oriented thinking. Education is unarguably an essential instrument for change and human development. At different levels of schooling in formal education, students are equipped with life-long knowledge and skills that would enable them realize their full potentials as human beings. However, all forms of education (formal, informal and non-formal) are realized through language; hence, language and education are inseparable. In the Nigerian polity, English language plays the role of a second language, considering the multilingual nature of the country. English is also the language of instruction in the Nigeria education system. Not only is it the language of instruction, it is also a compulsory subject and a yardstick for evaluating a learner’s school performance. The normal teachinglearning process thrives on effective communication between the teacher and the learner. No matter how expertly, learning experiences are selected and organized, the ultimate objective of the teaching-learning exercise would not be achieved if the language of instruction is unfamiliar to the leaner. This is where English language comes in. English language is indispensable to education in Nigeria, thus, it is a veritable tool for human development.Keywords: English Language, Veritable tool, Human Development, Education, and Nigeria
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Adult education in Tanzania - 1971 - Nyerere, Julius K. (1970)
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A Theoretical Basis for Analysis of Adult Education in Developing Countries: A Review of Adult Education Programs in Rural Communities of Eastern Nigeria. - Odokara, E. O. (1970)
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Adult Education in Nigeria. - Odokara, E. O. (1970)
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The Partnership of Universities in Continuing Education of Adults in Rural Nigeria - Odokara, E. O. (Canadian Journal of African Studies, 1970)
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Citizenship Education for Liberation in Nigeria - Ogunbiyi, JO; Oludeyi, OS (Makerere journal of higher education, 1970)
Across the globe, nations face a problem of low levels of civic consciousness and prevalence of harmful stereotypes like ethno-religious intolerance, prejudice and crises. In many parts of the world, these have degenerated into political crises, youth hooliganisms, prostitution, examinations malpractices, rape victimisation, terrorism and national insecurity. In the Nigerian context, these vices truncate the practical and transparent democratic governance while threatening the country’s federalism and cohesion. Since the purpose of any functional education is to enlighten and liberate the beneficiaries, ensuring that they live a sustainable life while contributing meaningfully to the upkeep of their immediate community, this paper takes a look at citizenship liberation using qualitative civic education. It examines, inter alia, the aims and objectives of qualitative citizenship education and how the principles of civic education can be instilled in the citizens for liberation and peaceful co-existence. The paper further discusses how the spirit of patriotism, unity, love and oneness can be installed in the minds of Nigerians and how they can serve as a lubricant to the wheel of socio-political and economic progress of the nation through adequate citizenship education.Keywords: Higher education for development; Sustainability; Lifelong learning.
openalex: W263959660 mag: 263959660
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Local knowledge in inclusive education policies in Africa: informing sustainable outcomes - Ohajunwa, Chioma (African journal of disability (Print), 1970)
This article presents on the outcomes of a study that focused on an analysis of inclusive education (IE) policies in South Africa, Ghana and Uganda. Persons with disabilities live within communities and are raised by the values that apply within their communal context. Policymaking is intricately linked to policy implementation, and the inclusion of local knowledge strengthens policy influence, impacting on implementation processes.This research study explored the definition and foci of inclusion, whether local knowledge is included and how it is represented within the national inclusive education policy in South Africa, Ghana and Uganda. This study reports on the outcomes of the second objective on inclusion of local knowledge.A qualitative, critical, interpretative and constructivist approach was utilised for the study. Data were gathered through a desktop review and in-depth, individual interviews.There is inclusion of some local knowledge within the national policies; however, this is minimal and insufficient. Participants argue that even when it is included, it is often embedded or implied, that local knowledge should be made more prominent within inclusive education policies as local knowledge is a community resource that supports policy implementation.The inclusion of local community knowledge and ways of knowing within inclusive education policies is viewed as a critical and an integral aspect of policymaking. It will help to address the challenges of stigma and negative attitudes, promoting a continuity of knowledge that supports local values and well-being of children with disabilities and their communities.
openalex: W4210596171
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A review of clinical presentation and physiotherapy management of cerebral palsy patients in Esut teaching hospital, Enugu, Nigeria - Okenwa, Wilfred Okwudili; Edeh, Anthony Jude (African health sciences (Print), 1970)
Cerebral palsy affects the general neurological development of those involved. This usually culminates into various muscular deficits some of which are amenable to physiotherapy intervention and rehabilitation.A 6 year retrospective study was conducted to find out the clinical presentation and physiotherapy management of cerebral palsy patients in ESUT Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria, between June 2009 and May, 2015.146(30.2%) cases of cerebral palsy were noted out of 483 children seen within the period. There was male predominance n- 86(58.9%) and the commonest cause of cerebral palsy was birth asphyxia n- 56(38.4%).Several physiotherapy treatment modalities were applied, the common ones being neurodevelopment therapy, trans-cutaneous electric nerve stimulation, and passive and active exercise modules.Majority of the patients' accessed treatment less than 5 times n- 86(59%) and were lost to follow up subsequently. Slightly more than 10% of the patients accessed treatment consistently for 3 months.High level of abandonment of treatment and lack of more modern physiotherapy modalities were noted. There is need to emphasize better health education of parents/guardians of the patients and improve social welfare benefits for the patients.
openalex: W2999907704 mag: 2999907704
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USING PROVERB AS AN ASPECT OF NATIVE LANGUAGE IN TEACHING CIVIC EDUCATION TO THE NIGERIAN CHILD: A NON-FORMAL APPROACH - Okoroafor; Ihuoma, Elizabeth; Nnadi; Chiaka, Catherine (1970)
One of the best ways to ensure the upbringing of a morally sound child is through good civic education. However observation has shown that many Nigerian youths commit various categories of immoral acts, perhaps due to ineffective use of proverbs as a feature of native language to inculcate the cultural and moral values to them in their respective societies. This study therefore investigates the relationship between the use of proverb, an aspect of native language and civic education of the Nigerian child, particularly through the non-formal approach which includes the home, church/mosque and society. The findings of this study proved that proverbs as a veritable feature of native language could be used effectively to inculcate good morals in Nigerian childrenthrough a non-formal approach to ensure breeding of morally sound Nigerian children. It is recommended that parents, religious groups, and the society at large should imbibe the culture of using proverbs in their respective native languages from time to time, to educate the Nigerian children, to nip at the bud the issue of corruptpractices among children.
openalex: W3012976499 mag: 3012976499
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Challenges of Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Nigerian History - Oladejo, Mutiat Titilope (Makerere journal of higher education, 1970)
Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) is a chequered aspect of education in contemporary Africa. This paper examines the complicated realities of TVE in Nigeria. In practice, indigenous education systems embedded a standard learning procedure which British colonial administration keyed into and standardised in non-formal arrangements through government departments. Therefore, the paper tracks the (dis)oriented education-industry relationship that existed after 1960. TVE in Nigerian societies has rarely improved to revolve modern technology attuned to global development and still grapple with inadequate technical applications which implies an educational gap. It unravels the governmental and non-governmental interventions. Recently, entrepreneurs and industrialists in Nigeria identified technical education as a panacea by planning to fill the learning gap through the establishment of technical universities that reflect modernisation. Accumulation and circulation of skills in TVE learning feature a process of continuity and change which explains how old and new learning systems reflect. The methodology adopted is historical and it is intertwined with the context of education systems, politics and economy.
openalex: W2990555693 mag: 2990555693
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EDUCATION IN NIGERIA FOR VALUE RE-ORIENTATION AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT - Olasehinde-Williams; Olabisi (1970)
The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight the impact of Nigeria’s education system on value reorientation and national development. Specifically, the paper interrogates the potential of education to impact value re-orientation and national development; the current status of the impact of education on value reorientation and national development; the roles education should play in value re-orientation and national development; and how education can be used to achieve national re-orientation and development. This paper holds promise in providing an opportunity for rethinking the role and future of Nigeria’s national education system in tandem with the realities of the nation’s social, economic and developmental challenges.
openalex: W3013425675 mag: 3013425675
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Correspondence instruction and education in Nigeria - Ologunde, D.A. (West African Journal of Education, 1970)
openalex: W2290306989 mag: 2290306989
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Effectiveness of didactic training on the cognitive knowledge of health professionals on neonatal resuscitation in southern Nigeria - Oloyede, IP; Udo, PA; Nyong, EE (Nigerian journal of paediatrics, 1970)
Background : Nigeria has a high neonatal mortality rate. Most of these deaths can be prevented by providing adequate training for health providers with available and functional basic resuscitation equipments. Our aim was to assess the effect of training on the cognitive knowledge of health practitioners on neonatal resuscitation. Method : We conducted neonatal resuscitation trainings for selected health professionals from all the senatorial districts of Akwa Ibom State, based on the Neonatal Resuscitation programme (NRP) of the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP). The facilitators were trained and certified in the NRP train-the trainers program of the AAP conducted by the Paediatric Association of Nigeria (PAN). Pre -and post-test were organized during the training and the test scores analyzed to assess any improvement in the knowledge of the health professionals on neonatal resuscitation. Results : One hundred and eightyone health professionals were trained over a two year period. Sixty five (35.9%) were doctors, while 116 (64.9%) were nurses. Physicians had similar pre- test but significantly higher post- test scores compared to the nurses: 46.35±15.34 vs 43.70± 14.51; p=0.34 and 76.14±13.02vs 66.29±15.7; p=0.04 respectively. All the health professionals showed significantly higher posttest scores compared to the pre-test scores; p=0.001 respectively. There was also a negative relationship between the number of practice years and the pre-training scores for the physicians and nurses; spearman rho= -0.18; p=0.45 and -0.43;p=0.003 respectively. Conclusion : Neonatal resuscitation training leads to an improvement in the cognitive knowledge of health practitioners. All health practitioners should be trained irrespective of number of practice years. Further studies are required to assess its long term impact on neonatal mortality. Keywords : Neonatal Resuscitation Training, knowledge, health
openalex: W1787434702 mag: 1787434702
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PROMOTING BEST PRACTICES IN CIVIC/ LAW-RELATED EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHERS IN NIGERIA - Olubela; Afolabi, Babajide; Ogunsanya; Adeola; Ayanwale; Olukunle (1970)
Education is the core pyramid of modern-day development. Teachers severally play a pivotal role in the educational development of any nation and society. While civic/law-related education aims at producing thoughtful, well-informed and responsible citizens, it is the duty of the teachers to disseminate information, facilitate knowledge and inculcate skills of civic participation, decision making, and critical thinking, in the students. The roles of Social Studies teachers in promoting best practices in civic/law-related education cannot be overemphasized. As such, the paper discussed the best practices and the roles of social studies teachers in promoting the best practices in the school system. Today, teachers must be leaders of discussions and facilitators of debates. They must provide an atmosphere of openness, trust, and honesty. Instructional methods that provide opportunities for students to apply civic knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward real-life situations are important, and must be employed in teaching.
openalex: W3013636080 mag: 3013636080
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The role of knowledge management for education in Nigeria - Omigie, Christopher Agbeniaru; Ikenwe, Iguehi Joy; Idhalama, Ogagaoghene Uzezi (International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 1970)
The study investigates the pivotal role of knowledge management within the academic parlance which has a positive spiral and multiplier effects in a given economy by way of taking our dear country from the shackles of hunger, poverty, insecurity etc. It is clear that the effectiveness and efficiency of any organization/economy rest squarely on its level of knowledge: tacit and explicit. However, this knowledge must be critically studied, tapped, stored and disseminated. This study therefore looked at the concept of knowledge, management, its relevance and role in effective academic system and how knowledge management could contribute in taking a country like Nigeria out of the woods.
openalex: W2944656034 mag: 2944656034
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HIV/AIDS: "In God we believe, in condoms we trust" an exposition of the role of Faith, Sex, and Ethics among Tertiary Education Students in Lagos Nigeria. - Omojuwa, Ayodele (1970)
every community all over the world volunteers discuss HIV/AIDS transmission and its prevention. At the end of 2007, there were about 33 million people living with HIV/AIDS: 2.7 million people were estimated to have acquired the HIV that year. Although the epidemic has stabilized, it remains a leading challenge for global health. Many people believed that condom is the best method of protection against HIV/AIDS while some believe that if you trust in God you will not have the disease in any form. the light of these opinions, this paper has showcased the opinion of the university Students on the use of condom as a protection against HIV/AIDS. The study was a survey that sought to identify the role of condom in protecting HIV/AIDS. Nine months ago, I waited anxiously in the Education Hall as the clock approached the start time for our first student panel discussion on faith and sexual ethics, and the hall remained quiet as a few audience members passed the time in their chairs. That was the beginning of In God we believe, in condoms we trust. the light of this, I aspired not to establish the religious rights and wrongs on the issue of faith, sex and ethics (though that is a valuable pursuit in ethics), but rather to explore and analyze the methods of ethical discernment employed consciously and unconsciously by students as they encounter sexual ethics topics in their lives and communities. With so many other interesting events on our campus, would anyone show up to hear their peers-not experts or intellectuals- discuss religion and sex freely? To my surprise, the quiet crowd eventually grew to nearly two hundred and fifty students, many of whom squatted on the floor or squeezed in along the walls around the cramped room in order to participate in Homosexuality and Religion, the first panel's title and theme. , the phenomenally popular student discussion series I had the privilege of facilitating through University Student Research Fellowship at the West African Christian university Center for Applied Ethics this year. conjunction with over 50 one-on-one interviews I conducted among the student body, the series aimed to explore the complex ways in which students' religious affiliations inform (or do not inform) their views on issues in sexual ethics, including premarital sex, use of condom, birth control, abortion, dating, and homosexuality. identifying the methodological trends in ethical discernment through the discussion series, students were challenged to mindfully consider their own methods of ethical discernment and invited to critically assess their own sexual ethics and those of their peers. This study also highlighted the theoretical issues, trends in student ethical strategies, faith and student views and strategies analysis.
openalex: W2559698703 mag: 2559698703
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Prevalence of bacteraemia in febrile, under-five children in the children’s outpatient clinic of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria - Onubogu, Uchenna (Nigerian journal of paediatrics, 1970)
Background: Bacteraemia is the presence of viable bacteria in the circulating blood. The most common manifestation of bacteraemia is fever. Untreated bacteraemia can progress in 10% of children to focal infection and sepsis which can be fatal. Knowledge of the organisms implicated in causing bacteraemia would help in the right choice of antibiotics while awaiting blood culture results.Objective: This study determined the prevalence and aetiology of bacteraemia among febrile non neonatal, under–five children seen in the Children’s Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.Method: Febrile Children, aged 29 days to < 60 months, who presented in the outpatient clinic and whose parents gave consent were recruited from September 2010 to January 2011. Information on their weight, bio-data, and blood culture results were collected and analysed.Result: A total of 362 children (M:F 1.1:1) were studied. Bacteraemia was found in 32 (8.8%) children. The prevalence rate of bacteraemia was highest in children aged 1-12months (12.1%) and higher in males 13(10.2%) compared to females 19(7.4%). Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest (56.3%) organism isolated.Conclusion: The prevalence of bacteraemia in febrile postneonatal under-five children in the Children’s Outpatient Clinic of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital was 8.8% with Staphylococcus aureus being the commonest organism implicated. It is recommended that antibiotics active against Staphylococcus aureus should be among the drugs that need to be commenced in this group of children while blood culture result is being awaited.Key words: Fever, blood culture, bacteremia, under-five children,
openalex: W1593084030 mag: 1593084030
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Challenges of Teaching Practice-Based Dance Art in Nigeria: The Department of Theatre and Media Arts, FUOYE Model - Onyemuchara, Casmir E. (Ekpoma Journal of Theatre and Media Arts, 1970)
Dance is a symbolic art form that transcends the overall aesthetics of the body to the cultural essence of a people. It has continued to develop beyond being a cultural activity, to fulfilling other needs in the society, including economic, socio-political, educational, physical, psychological, and religious desires. The rate of development in dance genres/forms and choreographic styles globally is quite intriguing and a herculean task to the contemporary dancer and choreographer in Nigeria, especially in the area of producing quality dancers and choreographers from Nigeria's institutions of higher learning, through a well crafted curriculum and training. This article, therefore, examines the challenges that confront dance studies in Nigeria through a qualitative study, which includes participant observation in the collection of data while drawing from extant literature. The study argues that there is a noticeable gap between dance theory and praxis which appear to have mired the growth and development of dance education in the country. It uses the experience of the Federal University, Oye-Ekiti (FUOYE), to concretise its argument for a synergy of efforts by both formallytrained and non-formally trained professionals to be involved in the teaching and learning of dance in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The paper recommends that dance should be seen as a practical discipline wherein emphasis would be on the practical aspects. There is also the need to integrate the non-formally educated practitioners into the academic system where professionally trained and educated dance educators are lacking.Keywords: Dance, Aesthetics, Curriculum, Choreographer, Cultural essence, FUOYE
openalex: W2773147206 mag: 2773147206
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The Teaching of African Politics. - Onyewu, Nicholas D. U. (1970)
openalex: W319530057 mag: 319530057
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Smoking amongst university students in Uganda–an analysis of prevalence and attitudes. - Op, Arya; Fj, Bennett (PubMed, 1970)
A study of smoking habits among the students of Makarere University College in Kampala Uganda found that most students 40.9% smoked for pleasure while more Indians than Africans smoked to alleviate loneliness or psychological problems. 1157 male 171 female nonmedical students and medical students replied to a survey questionnaire. Only 7% women smoked 33.4% men 40.5% Medical Faculty. 90% of the Africans started smoking before college compared to 52.1% Indians. 59.9% nonsmokers mentioned lung cancer and cancer as harmful effects compared to 47.7% smokers. Religious reasons were given for not smoking by 8.8% males. 47.7% male smokers mentioned lung cancer as a potential harmful effect.
openalex: W2204761005 mag: 2204761005
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The role of environmental factors in the education of African pupils - Orbell, Sheina (Zambezia, 1970)
openalex: W2256146679 mag: 2256146679
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Perceived effect of climate change on crop production by farmers in Edo state, Nigeria - Oriakhi, L.; Erie, GO; Ekunwe, P. A.; Osasogie, Daniel Izevbuwa (Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and the Social Sciences, 1970)
The study analyzed farmers’ perception of climate change effect on production and examined the perceived effect of climate change on farmers’ livelihood, Data was collected from 270 farmers sampled from nine Local Government Areas in the three agricultural zones of Edo state. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics involving frequency distribution, percentages and mean, Binomial test and Friedman test were used to test the hypotheses of the study. The result of the analysis showed that most of the respondents were female (52.6%), married (87.8%) and relatively young (mean age 53 years), had formal education (73.7%) and having an average family size of nine. The major crops produced by the respondents were maize (65.6%), cassava (64.4%), melon (49.6%) and yam (47.4%). Weather conditions such as early rainfall (84.44%), late rainfall (62.96%), frequency of rainfall (53.30%), and drought (50%) were seen as unpredictable by respondents. The climate change parameters experienced by the respondents were increase in excessive heat at night (88.15%), flooding (71.11%), incidence of gully erosion (61.85%) and increase in temperature (50%). A major effect of climate change on the farmers’ livelihood was reduction in farm income (mean=3.31), while the most perceived effects of climate change on the farmers production were land slide/erosion of farm (mean = 2.6) and damages to crop (mean = 2.6). The study recommended that weather forecasts and predictions should be made available to the farmers right on time and enlightenment campaign on how to cope with climate change should be embarked upon by members of the Agricultural Development Program.Key words: Binomial test., Climate change., crop production., Friedman test., perception
openalex: W2761919050 mag: 2761919050
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Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection and poor school performance in primary school children in the Volta Region of Ghana - Orish, Verner N.; Amegan-Aho, Kokou Hefoume; Ofori-Amoah, Jones; James, Osei-Yobah; Ibrahim, Joseph E.; Afeke, Innocent; Lennox, Mac-Ankrah; Adzaku, Festus (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the association between asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection and poor intellectual development in primary school children in the Volta Region of Ghana.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among children from 5 primary schools in 3 districts in the Volta region of Ghana. Questionnaires were administered, and blood samples collected for malaria investigation using Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and microscopy. School performance was used to assess intellectual development in the children. Arithmetic was the subject of choice for the standardized test. Pearson chi square test was used to evaluate the association between Plasmodium falciparum and poor school performance. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with risk of poor school performance.RESULTS: Out of 550 children, 305(55.45%) tested positive for malaria with RDT and 249(45.27%) positive with microscopy. Children from the Evangelical Presbyterian (EP) primary school in Afegame had the highest prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection with both RDT (92, 74.80%) and microscopy (73, 59.35%). Two hundred and fifteen students (39.09%) failed the arithmetic school test. EP primary school in Afegame recorded the highest frequency of poor school performance among the children (53.66%). School performance was significantly associated with RDT malaria diagnosis with failure rate higher among children who were RDT positive (135, 62.79%, p=0.005). Lower mean scores were seen in children with positive RDT result (47.35, [SD 30.85], p=0.021). Plasmodium falciparum infection (RDT) was independently associated with increased risk of poor school performance (AOR, 1.92, p=0.003).CONCLUSION: An urgent scale-up of malaria control program targeting school-going children in this region is needed to mitigate the possible negative impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on their intellectual development.
openalex: W2945894505 mag: 2945894505
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Parental Verbal Communication and Sexual Knowledge of Senior Secondary School Students in South East, Nigeria - Orji, Chinonyelu Jennie; Arinze-Onyia, SU; Obionu, Christopher N. (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
BACKGROUND: Parental verbal communication may influence the sexual knowledge of senior secondary school students in Enugu State, Nigeria.METHODS: This study utilized a school based cross-sectional study design and was conducted across the six education zones of Enugu State using three-stage sampling technique. A total of 400 respondents completed the interviewer administered questionnaires on their socio-demographics, sexual knowledge and parents’ information on verbal communication skills. Obtainable knowledge scores for sexuality ranged between 0-10; scores of 1-5 were classified as poor and 6-10 as good. Data analysis for the quantitative data was done using IBM SPSS; version 22. Chi square test of statistical significance and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression were used in the analysis, and the level of significance was set at a p value of less than 0.05.RESULTS: Out of the 400 respondents, 55.5% were girls. The mean age (SD) of the respondents was 15.9 ± 1.3 years. Although 15.5% and 8.8% of the respondents were very comfortable discussing sexually related matters with their mothers and fathers only 34.8% and 16.0% of mothers and fathers were comfortable discussing such matters with the respondents. Less than half of the respondents (42.5%) had good sexual knowledge. Verbal sexual communication between parents and respondents and age above 16 years were found to be predictors of good sexual knowledge.CONCLUSIONS: Poor parental verbal communication led to the poor knowledge of sexuality among the respondents. Parents should be encouraged to discuss sexuality matters with their children.
openalex: W2977676404 mag: 2977676404
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"The History of Kabaa-Mangu High School and the Contribution of the Holy Ghost Fathers Upon Education in Kenya.". - Osogo, John (1970)
openalex: W2933916205 mag: 2933916205
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Orientation programme influences emotional adjustment of first-year students in public universities in Kenya - Osoro, Gladys Nyaboke; Nyamwange, Callen (The cradle of knowledge, 1970)
Orientation programme is a gate keeper to facilitate the integration of new students into the university environment. Student adjustment increases their likelihood of success and retention. However, various studies reveal that a huge number of first years leave university due to adjustment related challenges. Specifically, the study endeavoured toascertain the degree to which orientation programme influences emotional adjustment of first-year students in public universities in Kenya; the study used descriptive survey design and mixed methods research approach. The study was conducted in nine public universities in Kenya. Slovin’s formula and purposeful sampling technique were employed to obtain 479 respondents from the target population of 71,285. Data was collected using a questionnaire, focused group discussions, and in-depth interview schedule. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques that include Content Analysis, Means and Standard Deviation, Factor Analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Post-hoc t-tests were utilized. Detailed analyses revealed that new-urban universities obtained the highest levels of adjustment followed by new-rural universities, then old-urban universities, and old-rural universities as the least on; how to manage homesickness, how to handle loneliness, how to manage emotions such as anger, stress, mood-swings, guilt, fear, and frustration, the dangers of experimenting with alcohol and other substances of abuse, and on how to handle personal and intrapersonal conflicts. New-rural universities on the other hand, obtained highest levels of adjustment followed by new-urban universities, then old-urban universities, and old-rural universities as the least on how to develop healthy relationships with people of either gender. The establishment of proper counselling and wellness centres in all institutions of higher learning equipped with proper psychological assessment tools and manned by fully qualified and experienced service providers.
openalex: W4378894379
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Climate Destabilization in a Religious World: The Role of Religion in Addressing Climate Change in Nigeria - Ottuh, John Arierhi (UNIZIK Journal of Arts and Humanities, 1970)
Human activities on earth either pose threat or safe haven to human environment because such human activities contribute to climate situation. Using the exposition method, the aim of this paper is to explore religion in the prevention of possible environmental disaster and the mitigation of post disaster scenario. Drawing from the 2011/2012 flood disaster in Nigeria, it shows that it was human induced in the sense that it was partly caused by blockage of water channels such as drainages. The paper argues on a general note that weather and environmental scientist set the agenda for environmental prevention through scientific means but religion helps to work on the mind of the stake holders and carry out the campaign of the agenda to their adherents. By so doing, religion is playing its role in environmental protection.Key words: Climate Destabilization, Study of Religion, the Role of Religion, Climate Change, Nigeria
openalex: W2816225302 mag: 2816225302
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Effect of Teacher Variables on the Teaching of Initial Reading to Basics 1 and 2 Pupils in Imo State, Nigeria - Oyekanmi, J. O.; Augusén, Harriet (AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 1970)
Teaching initial reading is a herculean task that must be carried out by qualified, mature teachers. This work is out to investigate if the conditions are met by initial reading teachers in Owerri, Imo State. This study is a survey, carried out on 300 pupils and 60 teachers, randomly selected from eight public basic schools in Owerri Educational Zone 1 of Imo State. Two research hypotheses were posed and two 4-point Likert rating scales; a checklist and a questionnaire with Cronbach Reliability Coefficient r= 0.63 and r= 0.61 respectively were used to generate data, analyzed using t-test. Findings revealed that adult, experienced teachers with Bachelor’s degree in language education (B.Ed.) teach initial reading. There was no significant difference between Basic 1 and Basic 2 teachers’ teaching methods: t (58) = -0.381, p = .146 with Basic one (x̅= 12.54, S.D= 2.487) to Basic two (x̅= 12.75, S.D= 1.741) with the effect size of (r = 0.093) very small; no significant difference in the challenges teachers face in teaching initial reading: t (58) = 0.064, p = .842 with Basic one (x̅= 16.04, S.D= 2.134) to Basic two (x̅= 16.00, S.D= 2.200) with the effect size of (r = 0.045) very small; and no significant difference in teachers’ cadre: t (58) = 0.844, p = .258 with Basic one (x̅= 12.64, S.D= 1.592) to Basic two (x̅= 13.03, S.D= 1.926) with the effect size of (r = 0.234) moderate. It was therefore suggested that teachers should be qualified, have teaching experience, and use mother tongue in their classroom interactions to build in pupils a strong, lifelong foundation in reading.Key Words: Initial reading, mother tongue, qualified teachers, basic learners, teaching methods, reading difficulties, challenges
openalex: W2592363114 mag: 2592363114
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Prevalence of exchange blood transfusion in severe hyperbilirubinaemia and outcome at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria - Pius, Simon; Bello, Mustapha; Mava, Y; Djossi, Sandrine Kakieu; Ambe, JP (Nigerian journal of paediatrics, 1970)
Background: Exchange blood transfusion (EBT) is carried out for the treatment of conditions presenting with severe hyperbilirubinaemia and anaemia, such as ABO incompatibility, sepsis, prematurity and birth trauma among others. While it is fast being abandoned as treatment modality for severe neonatal jaundice in the resource rich countries, it is still a backbone of treatment for severe neonatal jaundice in resource limited settings. Since such a study has not been done in this centre before now, we decided to study the positive effects of exchange blood transfusion in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria.Objective: To determine the prevalence, indications and outcome of exchange blood transfusion at the Special Care Baby Unit of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri.Methods: This is a retrospective study which examined the records of babies admitted into the SCBU between 1st January to December 31st 2014 with the aim of determining the prevalence of EBT at the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri.The indications for EBT and mortality among babies who had EBT are also highlighted.Results: A total of 639 babies with gestational ages between 30weeks to 42weeks were admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) over the period of 12 months. Of this number, 64 (10%) had neonatal jaundice. Thirty (46.9%) of the 64 neonates with NNJ had EBT, their pre- EBT, serum bilirubin (SB) level ranged from 15mg/dL to 28.5mg/ dL with mean of 21.5 ±13.0mg/dL, while the post EBT SB ranged from 3.0mg/dL to 11.3mg/dl with mean of 7.2±8.3mg/dL. The aetiological risk factors of severe hyperbilirubinaemia in the newborns who had EBT include ABO incompatibility 17(56.7%), sepsis 12 (40.0%), prematurity 10(33.3%). Out of 30 neonates had EBT, 25 (83.3%) survived and were discharged, 5(16.7%) died and 3 with bilirubin encephalopathy,1with severe perinatal asphyxia with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy stage II while the fifth death was a preterm extreme low birth weight.Conclusion: In our setting, the prevalence of exchange blood transfusion is high and this is because a large number of our patients had severe NNJ at presentation, some with bilirubin encephalopathy. Exchange blood transfusion remains one of the most reliable and effective treatment modality to prevent bilirubin encephalopathy especially in settings where babies are brought late to health facility. Effort at health education of the population at risk, especially pregnant women on early recognition and referral to appropriate health facility for prompt treatment to prevent severe NNJ and bilirubin encephalopathy is highlighted.
openalex: W2728263226 mag: 2728263226
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African Arts for the School. - Povey, John (Sch Arts, 1970)
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[Review of the book Educational development in predominantly rural countries, edited by John Derfel Turner (Roma, Lesotho: School of Education, University of Botswana, 1968)] - Proctor, Leslie (1970)
openalex: W3186402120 mag: 3186402120
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African poetry for schools - Radford, William Lewis (1970)
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Education and national development: church schools or Christian teachers in Sierra Leone - Reeck, Darrell (Africana research bulletin, 1970)
openalex: W48991862 mag: 48991862
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African education in Northern Rhodesia until 1953 - Rensburg, F. A. J. Van (1970)
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The brigade system of technical training and education in Botswana - Rensburg, Patrick van (1970)
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Studies on South African Bantu and Caucasian pre-school children Mortality rates in urban and rural areas - Richardson, B. D. (Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1970)
Investigations are being undertaken on interracial groups of pre-school children in South Africa to investigate the bearing of socio-economic, rural, urban, and other factors on the health pattern. To throw light on the subject, mortality rates of children under 5 were studied among different groups of Bantu and Caucasians. As expected, a rise in socio-economic status in the Bantu was associated with a fall in child mortality. The relatively small difference between Bantu rural and urban toddler mortality rates was disappointing, as it occurred in spite of the far better public health facilities in the urban centres. The mortality differential between Bantu and Caucasian children aged 1–4 is believed, as by other workers, to be a far more sensitive index of the public health situation than that of infant mortality; the rate at age 1–2 may even more closely portray the public health state. It is concluded that the benefits accruing from enlightened health education and modern hygienic practices will not be fully manifest until there is an improvement in the nutrition of this toddler group, and in the adverse effects of poverty, ignorance and disease.
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In-Service Education in Papua New Guinea. - Rogan, Kevin C. (1970)
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Empowering Women, Developing Society: Female Education in the Middle East and North Africa - Roudi-Fahimi, F; Moghadam, Valentine M. (Al-Raida Journal, 1970)
Education is a key part of strategies to improve individuals' well-being and societies' economic and social development. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) (countries and territories included in the Middle East and North Africa as defined here are listed in Table 1), access to education has improved dramatically over the past few decades, and there have been a number of encouraging trends in girls' and women's education (see Figure 1). Primary school enrolment is high or universal in most MENA countries, and gender gaps in secondary school enrolment have already disappeared in several countries. Women in MENA countries are also more likely to enrol in universities than they were in the past.
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Tackling the grassroots: appraisal of career choice and prospects of the students at a medical school in Tanzania - Russa, Afadhali Denis; Mligiliche, Nuru. L.; Malya, Rehema C. (Anatomy journal of Africa, 1970)
Tanzania has one of the world’s worst doctor-to-population ratio. Ironically, the number of medical graduates who do not practice medicine remains very high. Lack of interest and commitment of the young doctors may greatly contribute to the huge number of non-practicing doctors. We assessed medical students’ career views from interest and choice during childhood, their current learning motivations, future career expectations and interest to work in the academia. One hundred and ninetyfive students halfway their first year of medical school complete a self-administered questionnaire with a verbal consent sought from each respondent. Four in every ten students had made their decision to become a doctor before or during primary school. Over 5 out of 10 students made their choice during secondary school. Majority chose medicine due to altruistic and humanity reasons and would prefer work in clinical practice in the hospital. Very few would prefer a faculty job. Knowing about the human body, controlling and managing diseases are the main motivating factors. ‘Too much to learn’ and ‘tight schedules’ were the most aspect and deterrent factors during the medical school and the medical profession in general. Attaining a higher academic honour such as a professorship would not inspire students into the academia. Majority of students make their medical career choice early in life driven by altruistic reasons. Poor learning environments disenchant them from the passion for the career. More studies are needed to assess and improve the training in medicine.Keywords: Medical students, motivation, career prospects, Tanzania
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Practical guide to in-service teacher training in Africa : establishment, execution and control of training programmes - Scientific (1970)
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Philosophical Identities in the ‘Market’ for University Education in Uganda - Sekiwu, Denis; Muwagga, Anthony Mugagga; Itaaga, Nicholas (Makerere journal of higher education, 1970)
This study examines the metaphysics and political philosophy behind market competition for Uganda’s university education. Using grounded theory to filter the voices of 12 participants, the first phase of the study, which was qualitative, revealed that a rival (contestable) market of university education in Uganda has three challenges: funding, low research capacity and deregulation. In the second phase of the study, a quantitative study involving 180 participants finds that resource mobilization, financial audit compliance, grant writing, bursaries and loan facilities for students would help to minimize the market challenge. Subsequently, the paper examines the philosophy behind the market of university education. This is with the conclusion that this philosophy is part of the problem affecting university education in the country. More governmental control—to contain the challenges deregulation has posed—is urged.
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Education in the Republic of Kenya. - Sheffield, James R. (1970)
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Teacher education in Africa - Shrigley, Robert L. (Peabody Journal of Education, 1970)
of oral English). The number applying for entrance far outweighed the openings provided in new classes each year. Most of the students in our college were males; not a small number were experienced teachers. The students in Kano Teachers College were drawn from all provinces of the Northern Region of Nigeria. An attempt was made to have a student body that was representative of all provinces and all ethnic (tribal) groups of the region. Because of the prestigious image of the secondary grammar school of African countries, one could assume that enrollment in a teacher's college was not the first, but second, choice ROBERT L. SHRIGLEY Pennsylvania State University University Park
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South African Mothercraft Training Centre. - Simpey, A. (South African Medical Journal, 1970)
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Changing the atmosphere: shifting conceptions of air pollution in South Africa, with special reference to the Witbank coalfield, 1948-1978 - Singer, Michal (Pollution atmosphérique, 1970)
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Training requirements for forestry in tropical Africa. - Smith, Joyotee (Unasylva, 1970)
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The role of the institute of adult education in the process of development in Tanzania: a study of its direct teaching function in the city of Dar es Salaam - Snyder, Margaret (1970)
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Epidemiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Associated Factors Implicated: Observational Study at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Arsi University Teaching and Referral Hospital, South East Ethiopia - Sorsa, Abebe (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
BACKGROUND: Globally, sepsis remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates, in spite of recent advances in health care units. The major burden of the problem occurs in the developing world while most evidence is derived from developed countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis and associated factors among neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).METHODS: Hospital based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2016 to May 2017. Neonates with clinical sepsis were included into the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies, proportion and summary statistics were used to describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with neonatal sepsis. p-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: A total of 901neonates were admitted to NICU of which 303 neonates were admitted with diagnosis of clinical sepsis making the prevalence of neonatal sepsis to be 34%. Bacteremia were confirmed in 88/303(29.3%) of clinical sepsis, and gram-positive bacteria constituted 47/88(53.4%). Of all positive blood cultures, 52/88(59.1%) were reported from late onset sepsis. Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS) accounted for 22/88(25%) followed by E. coli and S. aureus, each contributing 18/88(20.3%) and 16/88(18.2%) respectively. Prolonged PROM, low fifth Apgar score, prematurity and low birth weight were strongly associated with increased risk of neonatal sepsis. Neonates born to mothers who received antibiotics during labor and delivery were at significantly lower risk of acquiring neonatal sepsis.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of neonatal sepsis was high, and most causes of neonatal sepsis were gram positive bacteria and most bacteria isolates were from late onset sepsis. Obstetric factors were strongly associated with development of neonatal sepsis. Intrapartal antibiotic administration significantly reduces neonatal sepsis.
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Body build, composition and functional capacity in physical education students in Algeria. - Šprynar, Z.; Pařízková, J; Sprynarová, S (1970)
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Helping Babies Survive Training Programs: Evaluating a Teaching Cascade in Ethiopia - Steven, W.; Jones, Denise F.; Worku, Bogale; Megerssa, Kumera; Bose, Carl; Jacquelyn, Patterson (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
2.6 million neonates die annually; the vast majority of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Helping Babies Survive (HBS) programs are commonly used in LMICs to reduce neonatal mortality through education. They are typically disseminated using a train-the-trainer cascade. However, there is little published literature on the extent and cost of dissemination. In 2015, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health and partner organizations implemented a countrywide HBS training cascade for midwives in 169 hospitals.We quantified the extent of HBS dissemination, and characterized barriers that impeded successful hospital-based training by surveying a representative from each of the 169 participant hospitals. This occurred from September 2017 to April 2018. We also assessed the cost of the training cascade. To assess acquisition of knowledge and skill in the training cascade, multiple-choice question examinations (MCQE) and objective structured clinical evaluations (OSCE) were conducted.Hospital-based training occurred in 132 participant hospitals (78%). 1,146 midwives, 69% of those employed by participant hospitals, received hospital-based training. Barriers included lack of preparation of hospital-based educators and limited logistical support. The cascade cost an average of 2,105 USD per facility or 197 USD per trainee. Knowledge improved and skills were adequate for regional workshop attendees based on MCQE and OSCE performance.The train-the-trainer strategy is an effective and affordable strategy for widespread dissemination of the HBS programs in LMICs. Future studies should assess knowledge and skill acquisition following the variety of pragmatic training approaches that may be employed at the facility-level.
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Learning To Read in Madagascar. - Stolee, Peter B. (Reading Improvement, 1970)
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The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Mental Distress among College Students in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study - Tessema, Tesfalem Teshome; Gebremariam, Temesgen Abdi; Abebe, Etaferahu Alemayehu; Gebre, Ribka Dinku (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
Although mental health problems affect the general population, students are highly vulnerable to psychological disorders. Mental distress among students is a cause of concern as it may impair their behavior and diminish learning, which could negatively affect their academic performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and the factors associated with mental distress among college students in Southern Ethiopia.Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 regular students of Hawassa College of Health Sciences. Mental distress was measured using a Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The data were entered into Epi-Info version 3.5.4 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed following bivariate analysis to adjust for the effect of confounders.The prevalence of mental distress among the study subjects was found to be 59 (22.30%). Female students were 2.08 times more likely to have mental distress as compared to male students (AOR =2.08 [95% CI: 1.14-3.82]). The odds of mental distress among third-year students was 60% lower compared to second-year students [AOR = 0.40; 95 % CI, (0.19, 0.87)]. Students who were from Amhara ethnic group were 3.37 times more likely to have mental distress as compared to students from Sidama ethnic group [AOR=3.37;95%CI (1.13-10.09)]. Moreover, students who had Grade Point Average of below 60% were 4.69 times more likely to be mentally distressed as compared to those students who scored Grade Point Average of greater or equal to 60% (AOR= 4.69; 95% CI,[ 2.46, 8.96).The finding suggests the importance of providing mental health counseling support for students as part of the teaching and learning process. More research to further explore the multiple factors influencing students' mental health condition should also be conducted.
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Audio-Visual Education in Ivory Coast. - Thierry, P. (School and Society, 1970)
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Framing of Agroforestry Education News in Selected Nigeria Newspapers - Thomas, Karen A.; Fesogbade, M.S; Arogunyo, J.O. (Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1970)
The study examined framing of agroforestry education in three Nigerian newspapers. Specifically, agroforestry articles were categorized according to the space allotted, placement and news sources in the Punch, Guardian and Nigerian Tribune newspapers. The period covered news published from January 2013 to December 2013. Frames investigated include: agroforestry awareness, intervention, warning, opinion and government policies. The result reveals that government policy was the dominant (33.0%) frame reported. Taungya farming system was the most reported news among the newspapers. Most (58.3%) of the news published were in the positive direction. Although, news placements were more in other pages of the newspapers (98.3%), government officials and agencies were the most quoted sources. There was no significant relationship between frame categories and space allotted (χ2=3.006, p>0.05), placement and space allotted (χ2=12.546, p≥0.005). However, there was significant difference between the spaces allotted to the news among the newspapers reviewed (F=7.142, p≤0.005). There is need for Nigerian newspapers increase the frequency of reporting agroforestry news.Keywords: Agroforestry, Frame, Newspaper, Education, News
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English in a multilingual society : a study of interference phenomena in East African English, with special reference to the language learning situation - Thorberg, Yngve (1970)
English in a multilingual society : a study of interference phenomena in East African English, with special reference to the language learning situation
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Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies on sorghum productivity in the Sudanian and Sahelian zones of Mali - Traoré, L.; Bello, Orou Daouda; Togola, A.; Balogoun, I.; Chabi, Faki O.; Yabi, I.; Ahoton, E. L.; Saïdou, Aliou (African crop science journal, 1970)
In Mali, climate change is a major threat to the productivity of food security crops such as sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, 1794). The objective of this study was to analyse farmers’ perceptions of climate change effects, on sorghum productivity and the adaptation related strategies. A total of 352 sorghum farmers in the Sudanian and Sahelian zones of Mali were interviewed, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected were related mainly to the farmers’ socio-economic profiles, indicators used to characterise climate change and strategies developed to cope with it. Irregular rainfall, marked rise in temperatures and early cessation of the rainy seasons were the main manifestations of climate change effects according to the respondents. These effects reportedly resulted in a drastic drop in sorghum yields. Use of meteorological information (19.89% of the respondents), use of early and drought-resistant varieties (13.35% of the respondents), and intercropping of sorghum with other crops (25.85% of the respondents) were the strategy options adapted by farmers. The choice of an adaptation strategies was largely dependent on the number of years of experience in sorghum production, and the number of labour providers available in the household. It is imperative to assess and refine the agronomic effectiveness of these coping strategies to improve sorghum productivity in the study areas.
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Migration and development : the case of Algeria : manpower requirements in Algeria and vocational training in Europe - Trebous, Madeleine (1970)
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Technical Education and Vocational Training for Women: A case study of Yemen - Uhlenhaut, Lara (Al-Raida Journal, 1970)
Soaring population growth in Yemen has led to approximately 200,000 young people entering the labor market each year. Figures are outpacing labor demand, in a country where the deteriorating economy is leading to less job creation. The majority of youth in Yemen works mostly in the informal economy with no prospects of regular contracts, social security, or forms of insurance. The limited ability of the formal education system to prepare young people for the labor market is also leading to a chronic ‘skills shortage’ in Yemen.
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Report of the Commonwealth Conference on Education in Rural Areas held at the University of Ghana, Legón, Accra, Ghana 23 March to 2 April 1970. - Uk, Commonw. Secretariat. (1970)
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Tunisia. Research and training on irrigation with saline water, 1962-1969. - Undp, Sf Unesco (1970)
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Statistics on Women Education in Egypt - University, Lebanese American (Al-Raida Journal, 1970)
Statistics on Women Education in Egypt
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“Teaching Gender” Curriculum Workshop - Yemen - University, Lebanese American (Al-Raida Journal, 1970)
The Institute for Women’s Studies in the Arab World (IWSAW) through its director Dima Dabbous- Sensenig along with two LAU graduate students participated in the workshop titled “Teaching Gender: Curriculum Workshop” that took place at the universities of Sana’a and Aden from June 9-12, 2007.
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Introducing the Including Disability in Education in Africa Research Unit at the University of Cape Town - Vergunst, Richard; McKenzie, Judith (African journal of disability (Print), 1970)
The Including Disability in Education in Africa (IDEA) Research Unit at the University of Cape Town in South Africa was established in 2020 and focused on carrying out research studies in the field of disability and education in Africa and beyond.The objective of this article was to introduce the research unit and highlight its vision, mission and objectives.A general review of the research unit.The IDEA Research Unit plays an important role in the research arena within South Africa and Africa when it comes to disability issues in education.More networking and collaboration should take place between the IDEA Research Unit and relevant stakeholders in the field of disability and education.
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DEGENERATED MORAL VALUES IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES OF SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION - Wahab, Timothy Adewole Adedigba Elizabeth Ikeola (1970)
The concern for a sound moral status is occasioned by the alarming rate of decline in the moral consciousness and conducts among the Nigerian citizens. This decline has become a disease eating systematically into the very veins of the country, thereby eroding away the qualities and potentials needed in the Nigerian future leaders (students). Education which is universally believed to be a powerful weapon which can be used to correct moral and values decadence in the society is probably becoming weak. Social Studies as one of school subjects which is seen as a moral-oriented and problem-solving subject is not an exception of this observation. What could have been the cause(s) of this? This paper therefore examined moral values degeneration in Nigeria, challenges this has brought to education and specifically Social Studies education and the ways out. The paper employs the analytical approach as its research method and concludes with the recommendations that learner-centered method most especially value-laden methods with appropriate evaluation techniques should be used in teaching and evaluating value-laden topics in Social Studies. Seminars, workshops, conferences, etc. should be organized from time to time for Social Studies teachers in order to update them on the latest research findings on the subject.
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Colorectal Anastomosis Leak: Rate , Risk Factors and Outcome in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, a Five Year Retrospective Study - Wako, Gutema; Teshome, Henok; Abebe, Engida (Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 1970)
Anastomotic leakage is a morbid and potentially fatal complication of colorectal surgery. Determination of perioperative risk factors for colorectal anastomosis leak helps to identify patients requiring increased postoperative surveillance.Institution based retrospective study was done to determine colorectal anastomosis leak rate and risk factors associated with it at a teaching hospital in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Patients operated from January 2013 to December 2017 G.C were included. Univariate analysis followed by a multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the influence of patient factors and operative events on postoperative anastomotic leakage.Inclusion criteria were met by 221 patients. Mean age of patients was 46.44(SD=19.1) with range of 1 to 85 years. Male accounted to 166 (74.8%) of the patients. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 12 (5.2%) of the patients. Mean time to diagnosis was 9.55 days (95% CI, 7.2-11.8) after surgery. Univariate analyses showed high preoperative level of creatinine, ASA score III and IV, emergency operation, operative time more than three hours, and malignant diseases were associated with colorectal anastomosis leak. Multivariate logistic regression model failed to show an association. Colorectal anastomosis leak increased the inpatient mortality rate by 50%. Median length of hospitalization in colorectal anastomosis leak group was 27.5 days, versus 7 days in patients without leak.Colorectal anastomosis leak remains common problem after colorectal surgery resulting significant post-operative mortality and morbidity.
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Studies on schistosomiasis in a South African school-child population. - Walker, Alexander; Walker, B. F.; Richardson, B. D. (Journal of Parasitology, 1970)
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A survey of research on education in Uganda - Wallace, Theodore J.; Weeks, Sh.G. (1970)
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Prevalence and determinants of hypertension among students of the University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: a cross-sectional study - Wanghi, Guy Ikambo; Mutombo, Paulin; Sumaili, Ernest Kiswaya (African health sciences (Print), 1970)
The 2017 ACC/AHA Guideline categorized blood pressure into 4 levels:normal (SBP<120 and DBP <80mm Hg), elevated (SBP of 120-129 or DBP< 80 mmHg) and stage 1 (SBP of 130-139 or DBP of 80-89 mm Hg) or 2 (SBP≥140 orDBP≥90mmHg). Compared with the JNC7 guideline, the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline recommends using lower SBP and DBP levels to define hypertension.To determine the prevalence of hypertension as well as associated factors among students of the University of Kinshasa.This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the University of Kinshasa and including 1 281 students aged between 18 and 30. Blood pressure was assessed according to the WHO STEPwise approach, which is a standardized method of data collection, analysis and dissemination for the surveillance of non-communicable diseases in WHO member countries. The Chi-square and Student's t-tests and a multivariate logistic regression analysis have been used to evaluate the results. Statistical analyses were done using IBM SPSS version 21.The prevalence of hypertension according to the guidelines from the 2017 ACC/AHA and the JNC 7 was 26.4 % (CI 95%; 23.9 - 28.9) and 7.3 % (CI 95%; 5.8 - 8.8), respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, alcohol abuse, overweight, male sex, age ≥ 24 years old and low physical activity were associated with hypertension (p < 0.0001).At least one out of four students had hypertension. These data should encourage public health authorities to develop strategies for screening of BP and topromote the adoption of healthy lifestyle in young adults.
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Passing for white: A study of racial assimilation in a South African school - Watson, Graham (1970)
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Production Externalities of Education: Evidence from Rural Ethiopia - Weir, Sharada; Knight, John (Journal of African Economy, 1970)
Schooling has externality effects in agriculture when, in the course of conducting their own private economic activities, educated farmers raise the productivity of their uneducated neighbours. This paper seeks to determine the potential size and source of such benefits for rural areas of Ethiopia, where school enrolment is low and the private returns to education may not be apparent. Average and stochastic frontier production functions are estimated, including household and community education, as explanatory variables to measure the productivity and efficiency of farmers. In each case, internal and external returns to schooling are compared. We find substantial and significant externality benefits of education in increasing average production and shifting out the frontier. External benefits of schooling may be several times as high as internal benefits in this regard. However, we are unable to find evidence that technical efficiency is subject to externality effects. Our results suggest that adoption and diffusion of innovations that push out the frontier is the source of externalities to schooling.
openalex: W3010040101 mag: 3010040101
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A Document for the History of African Nationalism: The Unemo "White Paper" of 1968, a Student Reply to Eduardo Mondlane's 1967 Paper - Wheeler, Douglas L. (African historical studies, 1970)
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Education since Uhuru: The Schools of Kenya - Wilson, David; Stabler, Ernest; Cameron, John; Weeks, Sheldon G.; Dodd, William A. (Canadian Journal of African Studies, 1970)
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Occupational Aspirations of Secondary School Students in Sierra Leone. - Windham, Gerald O. (Rural Sociology, 1970)
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Peace Education: A Missing Link in the Adult Education Sub-sector of Ethiopia? - Wirtu, Dessu (Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities, 1970)
The purpose of this study was to explore whether peace education has been incorporated into the integrated functional adult education program of Ethiopia. To this end, qualitative research design was employed. Phenomenological approach and qualitative content analysis were used. The required data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. A total of 53 respondents were selected by using purposive, availability and snow-ball sampling techniques in this qualitative study. Instruments of data collection were semi-structured interview guide, focus group discussion and open-ended questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed, triangulated, and interpreted qualitatively. Bias was overcome by using triangulation, member-checking, and tick description. The findings indicated that peace education as a theme was not integrated into the functional adult education program of Ethiopia even though there are peace education related concepts. It had also identified opportunities to integrate peace education into the educational program and also indicated the challenges like the lack of peace education in academic programs could lead to shortage of qualified professional peace education teachers; and integrating peace education into functional adult education program of the nation might incur huge financial costs. Based on the major findings, it was safely concluded that even though there are some peace education-related contents in the IFAE program, the lack of peace education as an independent theme in the adult education subsector of the country could hamper the development of the required modern conflict resolution techniques among adult learners.Keywords: peace education, integrated functional adult education, stakeholder participation
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SCIENCE EDUCATION UNDERGRADUATES’PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS FOR LEARNING IN NIGER STATE PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES - Yaki; Gaiya, A. A.; Shuaibu, Danbaba (Kashere Journal of Education, 1970)
Abstract The recent development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has led to the creation of a social media platform for social interaction and learning. Therefore, the study examined social media platforms for learning: pre-service biology education students’ perspectives in Niger State. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design. The population of the study were all science education students in a public university in Niger State. The sample was made up of one hundred and eighty-two (182) students. Three research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A questionnaire on students’ usage and perceptives on social media platforms for learning was used as instrument for the study. The instrument was validated by experts in science education. The instruments were pilot tested, and it yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.74 and 0.72. The findings of the study indicated that the respondents utilized SMP such as WhatsApp, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, for learning. The findings also show that the respondents in this population have a high and positive perception of social media platforms. There was no significant gender difference in the perception of pre-service undergraduates’ science education teachers. It was recommended among others that pre-service teachers should be directed on the use of social media for instructional purposes Keywords: Social Media Platforms, Utilization, Perception and Pre-service Science Education Teachers
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INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION ON RESOURCE ALLOCATION AS PERCEIVED BY POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITY OF JOS, PLATEU STATE, NIGERIA - Yakse (Kashere Journal of Education, 1970)
Abstract This study investigated the Influence of Social Studies Education On Resource Allocation as Perceived by Post-Graduate Students in University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The study focused on the extent to which resources are judiciously allocated to reflect true federalism in Nigeria, the challenges militating against equitable resource allocation in Nigeria and how social studies education can foster equitable resource allocation and true federalism in Nigeria. The survey research design was adopted in the study and questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. A total of 130 respondents were used as sample for the study. The data collected in the study was analyzed using mean score. From the analysis of data collected, it was discovered that the allocation of resources in Nigeria does not reflect true federalism and only the ruling class benefit immensely from resource allocation in Nigeria. Corruption, ethno-religious sentiments, greed and nepotism are challenges militating against equitable resource allocation in Nigeria and social studies education can be vital tool for fostering national unity and peaceful co-existence. It creates a sense national consciousness and patriotism in the nation’s citizenry. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that social Studies education should be properly taught from primary and tertiary institutions to inculcate norms, values, patriotic spirit and sense of national consciousness in students and resource allocation should be carried out to reflect federal character such that no region or ethnic group is marginalized Keywords: Social Studies, Resource, Control.
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Common-knowledge of seismology and earthquakes in East-Africa - Yamaki, Hirofumi (1970)
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