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Exposure to blood borne viruses, by health care workers has been on the increase with nurses mostly affected.These exposures constitute serious challenges in the health care setting as they are common causes of illness and mortality among health care workers including hospitalized patients.Practice of standard precautions has been shown to reduce the risk of exposure to blood and body fluids.Over the years, injection safety has become an integral part of infection control in view of many...
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Corporations, development organisations and governments have launched ambitious programmes to ‘connect the unconnected’, reasoning that this creates economic growth and inclusive development. This paper contrasts these actors’ discourses with evidence from academic research. The evidence suggests a highly uneven economic impact of Internet connectivity across geographies and social strata. The analysed sources of discourse (African ICT policies and reports by international organisations)...
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BackgroundFaced with one of the lowest physician-to-population ratios in the world, the Government of Tanzania is urging its medical schools to train more physicians. The annual number of medical students admitted across the country rose from 55 in the 1990s to 1,680 approved places for the 2015/16 academic year. These escalating numbers strain existing faculty.ObjectiveTo describe the availability of faculty in medical schools in Tanzania.DesignWe identified faculty lists published on the...
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Soil transmitted helminthes (STH) are significant health problems among school-age children. In Kenya's coastal region, the prevalence among pre-school age children (PSAC) ranges from 27.8 to 66.7 %. Whereas some pre-schools are as far as 7 km from the nearest primary schools, the National School-Based Deworming Programme (NSBDP) requires the pre-school teachers to walk with the children to primary schools for deworming by trained primary school teachers. The long distances may contribute in...
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This paper is concerned with the girl child education in higher institution a questionnaire was used to gather information from women and men undergraduate students the questionnaire was distributed to students in a set of randomly selected undergraduate courses, which resulted in 169 useable responses, representing 8.6% of the undergraduate population of 8,987 students. Our most compelling finding is that 83.3% of the undergraduate sample reported having experienced some type of violence....
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Climate change is arguably one of the leading developmental challenges of our time. Its ability to cut across national, social, economic and political boundaries means that it will invariably affect everyone on the planet, one way or another. Given that fact, concerted global efforts have been made to address climate change since the Rio Conference in 1992, through Kyoto in 1998, to the recent Paris Agreement in 2015. The Paris Agreement advocates strong and decisive action to reduce...
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In Adapting to Climate Uncertainty in African Agriculture: Narratives and Knowledge Politics, Stephen Whitfield addresses the pressing issues of smallholder adaptation to climate change and the ‘green revolution’ in Africa, and illustrates how knowledge politics is shaping agronomic development across the continent. This timely volume invites readers to think more critically about the institutional norms behind the scientific research influencing development narratives, writes Remy Bargout.
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The study was aimed at ascertaining school factors, which influence the development of negative mathematics self-concept in female learners. The study used a case study approach. A sample comprising 7 grade 11 female learners with low mathematics self-concept from Kalale (pseudonym) Girls’ Secondary School, situated in a rural area of central Zambia, was purposively selected. The Rosenberg self-concept scale was used to identify learners with low mathematics self-concept. In-depth...
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Studies have shown that ICT adoption contributes to productivity and economic growth. It is therefore important that health workers have knowledge in ICT to ensure adoption and uptake of ICT tools to enable efficient health delivery.To determine the knowledge and use of ICT among students of the College of Health Sciences at the University of Ghana.This was a cross-sectional study conducted among students in all the five Schools of the College of Health Sciences at the University of Ghana. A...
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Exploiting data from Ghanaian schools’ eighth grade students collected in 2011, we estimate the causal effects of school bullying on academic achievement and gender-based mitigating approaches by using propensity score matching (PSM) and doubly robust (DR) estimator approach. We find that students victimized by bullying score at least 0.22 standard deviation lower than their peers in a standardized mathematics examination. Meanwhile, we document that the effect of bullying is significantly...
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The increasing expectations of the principalship and the intensification of the challenges facing schools today have resulted in the emergence of distributive forms of leadership in schools worldwide. These developments prompted research in schools in South Africa, more specifically in the Soweto region, to inquire if distributed leadership had manifested. Soweto is a township in the Gauteng province of South Africa that is associated with the historic struggle against the apartheid...
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Most governments, particularly in poor and developing African countries, are hesitant to pledge themselves through a legislated school library policy to roll out an active and sustainable library and information service for their schools to improve the quality of education. In South Africa, providing schools with a well-resourced and well-staffed library and information service is even more challenging because of the inheritance of the apartheid education system prior to 1994. The article is...
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Most governments, particularly in poor and developing African countries, are hesitant to pledge themselves through a legislated school library policy to roll out an active and sustainable library and information service for their schools to improve the quality of education. In South Africa, providing schools with a well-resourced and well-staffed library and information service is even more challenging because of the inheritance of the apartheid education system prior to 1994. The article is...