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Higher Education is the climax of the process of providing knowledge, changing learners attitude and inculcating specialized skills in individuals preparatory to taking a life-long employment with intent to earning a living and equally contributing to national economic growth and development. The Teaching and learning process is cardinal to the realization of the educational objectives of any nation. The advent of information and communication technology has made teaching and learning easier...

HIV/AIDS, STD, unwanted pregnancies and abortion are indicators for the existence of adolescents’ sexual behaviours. Young people accounted for 40 per cent of new HIV infections in 2006 and about 6 millions of girls aged 15 to 19 years gave birth each year worldwide. The sexual and reproductive health education in secondary schools was a key strategy for promoting safe sexual behaviours among teenagers. This study examined the role of sexual and reproductive health education on adolescents'...

The author skillfully traces the history of innovation and agency in institutionalising quality environmental science teaching and learning in the Zimbabwe primary education system. The book provides the story behind the BEST project,the innovation and agency among the actors, and the challenges of institutionalising education change through an evolving training cascade. BEST provided an example of the potency of a cascade model in building capacity for quality teaching and learning in both...

The fields of the natural sciences are increasingly shying away from purely theoretical approaches to knowledge and are instead looking toward real-world applications and products to be derived from research projects. This phenomenon is seen even in the academic setting, which increasingly seems to mimic the goals of the outcome-driven engineering world. Such developments are deemed necessary in a worldwide economy that is driven more by practical economic results and less by the ideal of...

Technology transfer from developed countries to developing ones is not a straightforward process. This is due to the expertise required for utilizing technology. Literature shows that education and transfer of expertise are necessary for technology transfer, but implementation of locally relevant education is a demanding process. Development of IT students' expertise requires adequate ICT facilities, but the effects of organizational support, human capacity, and the relevance of curriculum...

Schools, as institutions for general education, are believed to have a responsibility to equip their students with the knowledge and commitment to take personally meaningful decisions and action to address the challenges posed by both lifestyle and societal conditions. Achieving this goal requires, among other things, adequate integration of the ‘challenges’ into the school curricula. This paper reports results of a study that assessed whether (and the extent to which) loss of biological...

Poor people with disabilities who live in poor rural societies experience unique problems in accessing health services. Their situation is influenced by multiple factors which unfold and interplay throughout the person’s life course. The difficulties do not only affect the person with a disability and his or her family, but also impact on the relevant care unit. The barriers are rooted in a life in poverty, upheld and maintained by poverty-reinforcing social forces of the past and the...

This study investigates gender inequalities in South Sudan that are affecting women’s and girls’ participation in education. Non-governmental agencies have condemned this inequality in education, but there has been little progress towards remedying it because the country’s leadership failed to perceive it as a problem. Women and girls are isolated from the male-dominated South Sudanese mainstream society. This study explores why females have low participation rates in the education system in...

Abstract Aim Our aims were to provide a detailed chronology of past vegetation changes in the tropical mountains of west‐central Africa since the Last Glacial Maximum and to discuss montane forest responses to climate change in terms of distribution and biodiversity. Location Lake Bambili, western Cameroon (05°56′ N, 10°14′ E, 2273 m a.s.l.). Methods Fossil pollen was extracted from a long, continuous and well‐dated sedimentary sequence extending back 20,000 years. Pollen diversity and...

The contemporary colonial world is witnessing struggles for domination and existence that have led to exclusion of some groups on the basis of parameters defined by the powerful. This contribution observes practices and policies of belonging and exclusion developing in Zimbabwe and argues that higher education should take the lead in discussing and proposing citizenship education that would produce cosmopolitan patriots, responsible and tolerant citizens. The discussion is a critical...

The influence of practical work in the understanding of scientific concepts has been receiving attention of many scholars all over the world. In particular, the need to address the little or no consideration of practical work in science teaching/learning process in distance education seems to have received greater attention presently. This paper focuses on students’ perception of practical work in learning science through distance education. Data were collected from 450 science students of...

Abstract Aim To assess how habitat loss and climate change interact in affecting the range dynamics of species and to quantify how predicted range dynamics depend on demographic properties of species and the severity of environmental change. Location South African Cape Floristic Region. Methods We use data‐driven demographic models to assess the impacts of past habitat loss and future climate change on range size, range filing and abundances of eight species of woody plants (Proteaceae). The...

This report presents the findings of an effectiveness review carried out on Oxfam's response to the 2010/11 drought-related food crisis in Somalia, undertaken through the application of Oxfam's Humanitarian Indicator Tool. For a slow onset crisis, where there was an established early-warning system, Oxfam was slow to react. Having scaled-up its internal capacity, the programme was notable for taking on the challenge needed to expand and ensure that a significant proportion was focused in the...

At the end of 2011, South Africa hosted the 17th Congress of the Parties (COP17) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Oxfam identified this as an important opportunity to champion pro-poor adaptation and mitigation and ensure that people’s voices, especially from Africa, were heard. As a consequence, its existing climate change advocacy campaign in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) was reoriented to include a specific focus on COP17. This report documents...