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This paper describes the history and geography of Mauritius and its elitist colonial educational system; presents a literature review of female education, development, and position in the labor market; discusses the economy in the post-GATT era and wasted potential; and calls for a new educational order. Mauritius has a multiplicity of cultures and a complex cultural, socioeconomic, and political context. French colonialism is characterized as limiting expansion of education on the island....

A survey among 3061 secondary school children in four provinces in Zimbabwe was conducted in 1994. In the present paper, the relationships between cultural and social factors and use of inhalants and cannabis are explored. Respondents were selected by means of a two-stage sample design, first based on a complete list of schools in the four provinces and subsequently on lists of students at the randomly selected schools. Stratification was based on the identification of four different...

This article first reviews the importance of dialogical education in general and in malaria control specifically. Dialogical education requires knowledge of how people think as well as what people think. Through a mutual appreciation of the educators' and learners' respective frame of reference, the intended learners may come to appreciate differences between the educators' and learners' viewpoints and the ways these differences may constrain understanding and acceptance of new knowledge and...

A community based cross sectional anthropometric study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in north western Ethiopia. One thousand four hundred and twenty two children were enrolled in the study. Stunting which is expressed by height for age below -2 standard deviation (SD) was seen in 43% of the children. The prevalence of wasting which is expressed by weight for height below -2 SD was 9%. The highest percentages of stunting and wasting were found...

The quality of education is an issue in every region undergoing economic change, hence it is a universal issue. Where the quality of education is already low, the need to raise it is more urgent. In the Middle East and North Africa, data on educational quality are scarce. Nevertheless, available data would suggest that the quality of education is low. The cause of the problem, however, is not a scarcity of monetary resources but the inefficiency of managing the resources already allocated....

The emergence of an industrial workforce in the Papua New Guinea mining sector and its human resource implications are tentatively explored in the following article. The central theme is the role of recruitment and training on greenfield sites in the remote locations where the mines are situated. The research is based on available documentary evidence and fieldwork interviews with mining company management, employees and community representatives. The findings are discussed within the...

Undesired pregnancies are a major cause of school drop out among female adolescents in Cameroun. Studies were undertaken to assess the knowledge and practices of contraceptive methods and the prevention of undesired pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Of the 670 questionnaires that were distributed in 10 class rooms of 5 randomly selected secondary schools of the city of Yaoundé. 574 students responded among whom 233 males and 341 females, aged 12 to 19 years. The responses...

President Daniel arap Moi and the ruling party of Kenya, KANU (Kenyan African National Union), have bowed to election year pressure from anti-abortion groups and Catholic bishops, including Bishop Alfred Rotich who led a anti-sex education demonstration in Nairobi, and shelved a sessional paper on family life education that was to be discussed by parliament this month. If the paper had been adopted, sex education could have been introduced in the schools and integrated with primary health...

Distance education has, historically, been advanced as a major means of upgrading the quality of African teachers in South Africa. There is, however, little knowledge of the quality of existing materials currently in use. Nor is there much work yet focusing on the pedagogical assumptions contained in these distance upgrade programmes. This paper evaluates a few sections in the materials dealing with education theory, and concludes that both content and pedagogical forms do not explore the...

This study examines the influence of the opportunity costs of school attendance, educational quality attributes, and household socioeconomic status on the educational demand of Mexican Americans, African Americans, and non-Hispanic whites using the 1988–1990 surveys of the National Education Longitudinal Study. Implementing a utility-maximizing framework, educational demand assumes the form of schools' average daily attendance rates and student dropout decisions between the 8th and 10th...

A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect data on the practice of school psychology in 12 East and Southern African countries: Botswana, Eriteria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The survey sought to capture consumer perspectives as to the status of school psychology in reference to the following: regulations for school psychology practice, qualification of school psychologists, work settings, public awareness,...

Over the last decade there has been a growing interest among academics in the lives and work of teachers in industrialised countries. Many of these studies have sought to understand how teachers perceive their work and how they develop their particular professional identities. There is a growing recognition of the impact of teachers' own biographies on their training and on curriculum development and implementation. This paper examines the perspectives of a group of Kenyan educators,...

The engineering sector produces a wide array of products and provides significant technological learning avenues. This study examines the process of technological learning in small and medium-sized engineering firms in four Nigerian cities. It identifies the learning mechanisms adopted by firms and the determinants and motivation for investment. The firms studied were mostly set up by semi-literate traders showing that the learning process can take place without formal education or state...

Abstract To examine the limitations in the techniques for discriminating between chemical explosions and earthquakes at local and regional distances, we have applied several standard heuristics to seismic events in northwest Morocco where little a priori information was available. Although the eight Oud Zem phosphate mine explosions have similar geographic locations, total charge size, and presumably ripple-fired mechanisms, the seismic recordings are characterized by a surprising amount of...

African American and White Mothers of Adults With Chronic Disabilities: Caregiving Burden and Satisfaction* Rachel Pruchno, Ph.D.,** Julie Hicks Patrick, and Christopher J. Burant A model is developed and tested that explains the effects of race on the caregiving experience by patterning relationships between race and several causal agents. Data from 741 White and 100 African American women with adult children having chronic disabilities revealed that while the African American and White...

Abstract Using teaching as a labour process, this paper shows how teachers' work is controlled by the state. By using data collected from the Lebowa bantustan in South Africa, the analysis focuses on structural/material constraints on teachers' work; how scientific management has been transferred from industrial corporations to South African black schools as a post-1976 reform strategy, to bring control over teachers and students at a time when the system of education of blacks was...

The isotopic composition of helium from active volcanic areas in Italy differs from those of other arc volcanic areas (circum-Pacific region), even though the tectonic settings are similar [1–4]. Helium isotopic values of fumarolic gases were obtained for the southern Italian volcanoes, Mount Etna and the Eolian Islands ([5,6]; this work), and from central Italian volcanoes in Neapolitan, Roman and south Tuscany volcanic provinces ([7,8]; this work). The 3He/4He ratios decrease from south to...