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For most developing countries, educational innovation in the 1980s will mean making the most of meager available resources in an era of shrinking foreign aid and growing educational need. According to a 1976 survey, slightly over 1/2 of Kenya's adult population was illiterate in 1976, with illiteracy concentrated among women. By 1981, some 15,000 full-time and part-time adult literacy teachers had been recruited by the Department of Adult Education, created in 1979. Since 1979, primers have...
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S ummary . The purpose of this study was: ( a ) to investigate the effects of socioeconomic background, locus of control, intelligence, and self‐esteem on academic achievement of Nigerian secondary school pupils; ( b ) and to examine the relationships of locus of control to socio‐economic background, intelligence, self‐esteem, academic achievement and prediction of academic performance. Eighty secondary school boys completed the Socio‐economic Background Questionnaire, the Raven's Standard...
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Summary. An array of 28 portable seismic stations was operated in the region of El Asnam following the magnitude 7.3 (Ms) thrust earthquake of 1980 October 10. Locations of 494 events are presented in this paper and provide an indication of the overall form of the aftershock distribution. Tests to establish location accuracy (particularly depth) reduce this set to 277 events which, it is argued, are well constrained. P-waves alone are used in this study as a consequence of a debate about the...
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The distribution of tar balls over the Agulhas Bank during 1977 and 1978, although variable, was consistent with the oceanography of the region. Mesoscale patches of tar-ball concentrations appeared to move onto the Agulhas Bank from the south between 20 and 21°E, under the influence of prevailing winds and currents. Substantial concentrations were observed inshore and offshore in the region east of Cape Agulhas. Data of a hydrological and meteorological nature, on ship's drift and from...
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The paper analyzes in detail one of the ways to reduce the problem of recurrent expenditure in social sector services - that of raising user charges. When low user charges and limits on the government budget cause an excess demand for a service, one of two things must happen: some people will be denied the service, or the quality of the service will deteriorate. This paper argues that both these phenomena typically hurt the poor more than the rich. Therefore, raising user charges in line...
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The problem of this study was to describe higher education in relation to economic development and social change in Nigeria. The purposes of this study were (1) to identify the needs for economic development and social change in Nigeria; (2) to relate higher education goals to the identified needs; (3) to determine the perceptions of the participating groups of students, faculty members, academic administrators, and government officials about what priority of importance is being placed and...
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A comparison between western methods of teaching music and African methods of teaching music is presented. To the Africans, dance is an integral part of religious life and is often associated with specific social needs. Traditionally Africans are exposed to music and movement from the time they are born even though there is no formal teaching and no designated teacher.
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(1983). The development of school libraries in Ghana. International Library Review: Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 217-223.
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The civil chaos created by a combination of drought and hostilities in the Ogaden region of southern Ethiopia during the past five years has caused the majority of the indigenous, principally nomadic population to flee the area and seek refuge either in Somali refugee camps or in Ethiopian shelters for displaced persons. This paper compares the provision of basic food rations, selective feeding programs, primary health care, and preventive health measures between the two groups. During...
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For 20 years, since Prince originally introduced it, the term “brain fag syndrome” has been used to describe a variety of symptoms frequently reported by students in Africa. In this paper the author questions the validity of the use of the term on the basis of clinical evidence afforded by his work and reports in the literature. It is concluded that brain fag syndrome is a misnomer and that more specific diagnostic terms such as anxiety neurosis and depressive neurosis should be used in its place.