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The Linguistic Interdependence Hypothesis assumes that certain L1 language skills can be positively transferred during the process of L2 acquisition.While the transfer of linguistic skills from L1 to L2 has been studied extensively, only few studies have investigated the reverse transfer of skills.This study examined whether training poor readers in reading strategies in English (L3) would lead to an improvement in the process of reading in French (L2) and Arabic (L1).The Metacognitive...

Abstract Background Traditional healing plays an important role in healthcare in Eswatini, and innovative collaborations with traditional healers may enable hard-to-reach men to access HIV and tuberculosis diagnostic services. This study explored attitudes towards integration of traditional healers into the provision of HIV self-testing kits and sputum collection containers. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in 2019–2020 in Shiselweni region, Eswatini. Eight male traditional healers...

Post-event debriefing has been described as an effective tool in improving learning achievements in simulator-based teaching. This article examines the effect of structured post-event debriefing sessions in simulator-based veterinary clinical skills training. Nineteen Namibian veterinary students took part in instructor-led practice, self-directed practice with structured post-event debriefing and self-directed practice without debriefing (control) at three different learning stations in a...

Having a mentor during undergraduate surgical training has been shown to positively influence medical students by increasing interest in surgery, improving confidence, and assisting in career planning. This study aimed to evaluate and compare medical student and faculty perceptions of mentorship during undergraduate surgical training and compare results between two teaching institutions in South Africa and Sweden.An electronic, online questionnaire was anonymously distributed to medical...

<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background</ns4:bold>: It is not clear whether village health teams (VHTs) can be empowered to participate in interventions to prevent and control hypertension and diabetes in older adults in Uganda. We conducted this study in rural Uganda to establish if VHTs could be effectively trained to use a smart phone guided intervention to link older people with hypertension and diabetes to care. We also explored the experiences of VHTs in managing older adults with health problems,...

Capturing the petrophysical heterogeneities within a reservoir has a critical influence on reservoir deliverability as well as field development programs. In this study, we report a comprehensive petrophysical evaluation of the oil-producing Aptian Alamein dolomite reservoir from the North Razzak field, Western Desert of Egypt. Integration of wireline logs and routine core analysis indicates that the Alamein reservoir has an extremely wide range of porosity (1–23%) and permeability...

Traditional universities, typically presenting face-to-face education on-campus, are facing their biggest survival crisis in decades. COVID-19 fast-tracked the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) on universities in terms of online education, rethinking their core disciplines and even their role in society. In a matter of months, most universities had to embrace technology to educate their students. Huge amounts of money had to be spent to retrain staff and invest in technology,...

Coastal lagoons are particularly vulnerable to climate change, in particular, Sea Level Rise (SLR) due to their shallowness. Lake Burullus provides a variety of socio-economic services as the second largest coastal lagoon in Egypt. Recently, it has experienced significant ecological deterioration. Thus, its ecosystem is fragile in the face of anthropogenic induced changes. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the climate change impacts on characteristics of Lake...

• Statistical downscaling of temperature and precipitation was performed for the Black Volta basin. • Warmer than reference period temperatures are expected throughout the 21st century. • Monthly increase and decrease in precipitation are dependent on the scenarios. • Considering the projected changes, local adaptation and mitigation strategies are required. Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) is a powerful model for climate change assessment. However, its usage remains very gray with...

Globally, exposure to high levels of radon gas is a known health risk. Granite commonly contains high concentrations of uranium and subsequently high exhalation of radon gas. In the Saldanha Bay area of South Africa, granites dominate the underlying geology as well as the surface characteristics of the area. This implies that elevated levels of radon gas may exist in houses in the area. However, a survey of indoor radon concentrations in the town of Vredenburg in the Saldanha Bay area...

School attainment has increased and gender gaps narrowed in many settings without commensurate declines in child marriage and with persistent gender gaps in work. This paper investigates whether child marriage changes young people's ability to translate education into paid work in rural Malawi.Using data from a longitudinal study of adolescents in rural Malawi followed through young adulthood, individual-level fixed-effects regressions that account for time-invariant factors were used to...

Abstract The Namib Desert and the Kalahari constitute the drylands of southern Africa, with the current relatively humid portions of the latter having experienced periodically drier conditions during the Late Quaternary. This study explores the range of dryland archives and proxies available for the past ~190 ka. These include classic dryland geomorphological proxies, such as sand dunes, as well as water-lain sediments within former lakes and ephemeral fluvial systems, lake shorelines, sand...

This chapter examines several global trends in tertiary education, drawing parallels, where possible, with trends in African tertiary education, in particular tertiary agricultural education (TAE). The chapter also highlights key challenges in the broader African tertiary education system as the ecosystem within which TAE is situated. It is clear that there are many shared challenges facing global tertiary education, tertiary education in Africa and TAE; some contextual challenges also make...

To determine causes of visual impairment (VI) among staff of the Eye Centre at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital.This was a cross-sectional study.The Eye Centre, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), from October 2016 to March 2017 on all consenting members of staff.Eighty-four (79.3%) of 106 consenting staff members participated in this study.A detailed history (demographic, ocular, medical co-morbid conditions), ocular examination and relevant diagnostic investigations were conducted....

Background: Midwives have a crucial role in caring for women with normal labor. Routine episiotomyhas no benefit and its used is not scientifically supported. Understanding midwives’ perception andexperiences would target the situation.This study aimed to explore midwives’ perceptions,experienceand reasons for routine episiotomy.Methods: A cross-sectional exploratory study was conductedin three maternity teaching hospitalsin Khartoum state on 85 midwives recruited randomly and consented to...

Qualitative data show negative impacts of menstruation on health and education in many settings, but there are few longitudinal quantitative studies of the impact of menstruation. We analyse associations with menstrual anxiety and school attendance in a study of Ugandan secondary school students.Data were from a longitudinal pilot study of a menstrual health intervention (MENISCUS), conducted in two secondary schools in Entebbe sub-district, Uganda. Self-completed menstrual-related data,...

We aimed at identifying the important variables for labour induction intervention and assessing the predictive performance of machine learning algorithms.We analysed the birth registry data from a referral hospital in northern Tanzania. Since July 2000, every birth at this facility has been recorded in a specific database.21 578 deliveries between 2000 and 2015 were included. Deliveries that lacked information regarding the labour induction status were excluded.Deliveries involving labour...

To examine the current approach to midwifery education and deployment in Uganda against the backdrop of the evidence presented in the Lancet Series on Midwifery and the International Confederation of Midwives Global Standards for Midwifery Education. To make a distinction between 'Midwifery Model of Care' and training in maternal health nursing and highlight the need for midwifery education that is in alignment with international standards and reflexive to the realities of the Ugandan...

This chapter first outlines the rationale for and necessary components of strategies to transform agricultural research capacity in African countries. Thereafter, the discussion focuses on strategic approaches to the transformation of research and innovation capacity in tertiary agricultural education (TAE) through the development of graduate (i.e. master's and doctoral) programmes. Such developments form a strong argument for increasing universities' role in national agricultural innovation...

Although, there is no population-level data in Ethiopia, a previous retrospective hospital-based study identified CP as the most common developmental disability in children. The overall aim of this study is to describe the clinical spectrum of CP in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, including CP subtype, gross and fine motor function, presence and pattern of associated impairments, and possible risk factors in children aged 2 to 18 years.A hospital-based descriptive...