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Abstract Background: Household air pollution (HAP) is a recognised risk factor for many diseases, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular/circulatory disorders, adverse pregnancy outcomes and cataracts. Population exposure to biomass fuels, including wood, varies among countries and from one fuel source to the other. This study aimed to investigate the different sources of HAP in peri-urban and rural communities in Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a...

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the perception of students towards COVID- 19 mitigation measures that were to be implemented by the institution before and after resumption of studies.Methodology: The study was done at KMTC-Mombasa using descriptive cross-sectional design. Participants (Students) were selected using multi stage sampling and sample size determination was done using Fischers statistical formula at a confidence level of (p=95%), n=253. Data was obtained using a...

This paper argues that for any community transformation to be achieved, cultural values and legal frameworks, which influence issues relating to land rights and food security, must form an integral part of any policy intervention efforts. We adopted feminism as both a methodological and an analytical framework. The dominant research paradigm was qualitative. The study sample was 184 people obtained using a systematic sampling method. Data collection was through focus groups and interviews....

The study examined the influence of micro-teaching in enhancing teaching competencies of pre-service teachers at Saint Augustine University of Tanzania. The objectives of the study were to: assess teaching skills pre-service teachers acquired during micro-teaching practices, asses the perception of pre-service teachers on the contributions of micro-teaching in improving their teaching skills and examine the efficacy of micro teaching in enhancing teaching competencies among pre-service...

Across sub-Saharan Africa, climate change is leading to increasingly erratic weather patterns that challenge farming practices, particularly for smallholder farmers. Preparing farmers for these changes and increasing their resilience to extreme weather events is critical for food security in areas where populations are increasing. The El Niño event of 2015/16 led to drought conditions in Malawi which are expected to become more normal in the future. This resulted in widespread crop failure...

Introduction: Esthetics has great importance in restorative dentistry. It is important to obtain standardized anthropometric data to increase both treatment and esthetic success. A harmonious facial appearance is the most important goal of successful treatment in the esthetic field. It is a steady fact that human faces contrast from each other based on gender, race and ethnicity. Objectives: This study was aimed to analyze the macro-esthetics of the face and the micro-esthetics of the...

Abstract Aims Almost half of African American (AA) men and women have cardiovascular disease (CVD). Detection of prevalent CVD in community settings would facilitate secondary prevention of CVD. We sought to develop a tool for automated CVD detection. Methods and results Participants from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) with analysable electrocardiograms (ECGs) (n = 3679; age, 62 ± 12 years; 36% men) were included. Vectorcardiographic (VCG) metrics QRS, T, and spatial ventricular gradient...

This study used a modified mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) framework to compare the common content knowledge (CCK) of two groups of purposively selected pre-service primary mathematics teachers (n = 86) in relation to spatial visualization. Specifically, thirty-five pre-service teachers (n1 = 35) with a pure school mathematics background and fifty-one pre-service teachers (n2 = 51) with a high school mathematical literacy background worked on problems that involved spatial objects,...

Since 2015, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has experienced an unprecedented rise in acute food insecurity (AFI), and current projections for the year 2020 indicate that more than 100 million Africans are estimated to receive emergency food assistance. Climate-driven drought is one of the main contributing factors to AFI, and timely and appropriate actions can be taken to mitigate impacts of AFI on lives and livelihoods through early warning systems. To support this goal, we use observations of...

Over the years, education has been a source of sustainable development in many countries in the world. Unfortunately, even though it is a potent weapon for measuring a country's development, it has suffered setbacks resulting in poor quality education. Quality Education is a significant prerequisite for developing every country's one of the United Nations' sustainable development goals. According to the United Nations, every child is entitled to quality and accessible education equipped with...

Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa with a population of more than 110 million. With over 10 percent growth rate, the Ethiopian economy has been one of the fastest growing economies in the world over the last one and half decades. By any measure agriculture is the dominant economic sector in the country accounting for a sizeable portion of the GDP growth, generating most of the export earnings and employing most of the labour force. The country has diverse...

Abstract Background Patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health state utility values are critical inputs in the clinical and economic evaluation of treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, information on health state utility values is lacking in the context of Ethiopia. Here, we aimed to assess HRQoL and determine health state utility values and factors that influence the values among HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia....

Abstract Background Iodine is a trace element required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The multiple effects of iodine deficiency on human health are called iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). IDDs have been common nutritional problems in Ethiopia. In 2012, Ethiopia launched a national salt iodization program to address IDDs. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of this program after 5 years by measuring urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and prevalence of goiter in...

AbstractKolleejonni Barnoota Barsiistotaa Itiyoophiyaa galma isaanii kan barsiistota barattoota miiliyoona 15 ta’an yoo xiqqaate afaanota lamaan dubbisuufi bareessuu barsiisan leenjisuu ta’e milkeessuuf daanqaalee hedduutu isaan mudata. Itiyoophiyaan Afriikaa keessaa biyya afaanota hedduu afaan barnootaa taasisuun imaammata barnoota afaanii hirmaachisaa ta’e qabaachuudhaan dursitudha; afaanot 23 ol ta’an kara idilaawaa ta’een barnoota sadarkaa tokkoffaa keessatti itti gargaaramti. Hata’u...

Moral vacuum 6 Organisational climate of schools 7 Turning around poorly performing schools 8 Testing the relationship between leadership, organisational climate and learner performance statistically 8 Changing times

Climate change poses a considerable threat to food security, with potentially existential economic, political and social outcomes for the entire humanity. The impact will be especially severe in low and middle-income countries that are struggling to meet the needs of a growing population. This mini-review aims to contribute to the global and, specifically, the Mozambican debate on the potential impact of climate change on food security and how it might affect the health of current and future...