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In recent decades, ample scientific and institutional efforts have been devoted to developing agricultural drought early warning systems as part of disaster risk reduction programs. This review considered the status quo in South Africa and addressed various factors on the prospects of applying key lessons for a probable system. Additionally, the review explored external factors, corresponding to opportunities, and threats, by learning from established web-based agricultural drought early...

Nitrogen dioxide is one of the atmospheric trace pollutants that is a product of anthropogenic activities and has been found to have negative environmental-human health outcomes. Within urban settings, the NO2 column levels are a good proxy indicator to show the quality of ambient air. The purpose of this study was to investigate the tropospheric nitrogen dioxide column levels during the year 2020 over four megacities in Southern Africa Region (Gaborone, Harare, Johannesburg and Maputo)....

School enrolment rates have increased globally, making the school environment a unique setting to promote healthy nutrition and eating outcomes among early adolescents. In this cross-sectional study, we describe the food and health environment of junior secondary schools in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso, West Africa). We evaluated the food and health environment using three components: (1) the implementation of health-related policies or guidelines in the schools, (2) the provision of health,...

Retrospective eruption characterization is valuable for advancing our understanding of volcanic systems and evaluating our observational capabilities, especially with remote technologies (defined here as a space-borne system or non-local, ground-based instrumentation which include regional and remote infrasound sensors). In June 2019, the open-system Ulawun volcano, Papua New Guinea, produced a VEI 4 eruption. We combined data from satellites (including Sentinel-2, TROPOMI, MODIS,...

This article analyzes the stand taken by Ethiopia's higher education institutions when providing students' learning during the COVID-19 period while institutions are closed in order to contain the virus. These institutions have a recent history of low research and technological advancement globally. The effects of the COVID-19are wide ranging and endangering students' learning. The study investigates how public universities are attempting to deliver learning remotely in order to support...

The regular drought episodes in South Africa highlight the need to reduce drought risk by both policy and local community actions. Environmental and socioeconomic factors in South Africa's agricultural system have been affected by drought in the past, creating cascading pressures on the nation's agro-economic and water supply systems. Therefore, understanding the key drivers of all risk components through a comprehensive risk assessment must be undertaken in order to inform proactive drought...

This article assesses the extent to which counselling services address the special needs of students with visual impairments in Tanzanian universities. The objectives are to: (i)analyse supportive counselling services available for handling social-psychological and educational problems facing students with visual impairments; and (ii) assess the extent to which the available counselling services are capable of addressing social-psychological and educational needs of students with visual...

Self-directed learning is important in nursing as it is associated with improved clinical and moral competencies in providing quality and cost-effective care among people. However, unethical professional conduct demonstrated by some graduate nurses is linked with the way they are developed in schools alongside the content and pedagogies prescribed in nursing curricula. Pedagogical transformations appear to be inevitable to develop enthusiastic nursing students who can work independently in...

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Given the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030 agenda, several countries have introduced various initiatives and reforms towards attracting and recruiting competent teachers to empower the next generation so that they can face global challenges and transform and sustain the development of society through education that is inclusive, equitable, of quality, and life-long. This study is, therefore, concerned with the role of school governing bodies to recruit competent teachers for a...

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in women is common and often distressing to those affected. Urogynaecology is a relatively new subspeciality internationally that aims to improve the quality of care of women with pelvic floor disorders. The College of Urologists of South Africa has, since 2020, started offering a subspeciality certificate in urogynaecology for urologists. In this article, this new training opportunity is discussed by the first urologist undertaking formal subspecialist training in South Africa.

Climate variability is among the main threats to rain-dependent smallholder farming in most sub-Saharan Africa countries. Hence, farmers should make efforts at the local level to utilize indigenous knowledge (IK) combined with conventional knowledge to adapt to climate variability impacts. We assessed; IK used by farmers in climate forecasting, their perceptions of climate variability and adaptation strategies, and their correlation with conventional approaches. We conducted the study in...

The semi-arid drylands of central Tanzania have been characterised by low and erratic rainfall coupled with high evapotranspiration. Up until now, farmers of these local dryland farming systems have been able to cope with these climate conditions. However, climate change has led to new weather patterns that overwhelm traditional dryland farming practices and re-shape farmers’ commercialisation pathways. This paper explored the pathways in which smallholder farmers in Singida region in...

Abstract Background Rates of unplanned adolescent pregnancy and unsafe induced abortions are very high in Sub-Saharan African countries including Tanzania. Despite their availability and accessibility, modern family planning methods are reported to be critically underutilized by adolescents. This study is part of a broader study that aims to develop a curriculum that will be used in training health professionals by investigating the sexual health training needs of health providers and...

Abstract Background In multidisciplinary education, different perspectives from more than one discipline are used to illustrate a certain topic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an online, multidisciplinary radiology curriculum to teach radiology to medical students in Egypt. A multidisciplinary team of radiologists, surgeons, and internists taught a series of 5 case-based radiology sessions on a web conference platform. Topics included common clinical case...

This chapter explores the potential of networking to strengthen tertiary agricultural education (TAE) in Africa, especially at the graduate level. The network approach is examined from the perspective of the Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM), which was created to foster TAE institutions, increase effective research outputs and elevate community-based action research. An assessment is offered of RUFORUM's approaches to developing capacity within its...

Human rights gained prominence in sub-Saharan Africa in the wave of democratisation following the collapse of communism. After decades of repressive systems of government, the fledgling democracies took several measures to safeguard democracy, one of which was the introduction of human rights education and education for democratic citizenship in their education systems. This paper reports on a study in Malawi where the advent of democracy led to the introduction of a discipline policy in...