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To gain a better understanding of untrained teacher beliefs and how that corresponds with their reported classroom practices, a survey was conducted with untrained teachers in public and private basic schools in Ghana. The study collected data through the survey design using a questionnaire which was administered to 188 untrained teachers in rural and urban basic schools. The data were analysed using Means and Standard Deviations to compare the teacher beliefs and practices in the two school...

Tanzania has been taking various initiatives to promote positive attitudes towards, and interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) among students. Such initiatives call for systematic tools to be used to assess students’ attitudes towards STEM so as to inform appropriate interventions. This study investigated the extent to which S-STEM is a valid psychometric instrument for measuring secondary school students’ attitudes towards STEM in the Tanzanian context....

Abstract This paper focuses on the environment of Ethiopia, a country highly sensitive to droughts severely affecting vegetation. Vegetation monitoring of Ethiopian Highlands requires visualization of environmental parameters to assess droughts negatively influencing agricultural sustainable management of crops. Therefore, this study presented mapping of several climate and environmental variables including Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The data were visualized and interpreted...

HIV education targeting children and adolescents is a key component of HIV prevention. This is especially important in the context of increasing HIV prevalence rates among adolescents and young people. The authors sought to examine the role and effectiveness of an extra-curricular school based programme, Soul Buddyz Clubs (SBC) on HIV knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and biomedical outcomes.This paper employs a mixed methods approach drawing on data from independent qualitative and...

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal impairment (MSI) in children is an under-recognised public health challenge. Although preventable, road injuries and other traumas continue to cause significant impairments to children worldwide. The study aimed to use the Key Informant Method (KIM) to assess prevalence and causes of MSI in children in two districts in Malawi, estimating the associated need for services provision, with a focus on traumatic aetiology. Methods The KIM was conducted in the...

International development aid is widely considered essential to support climate adaptation efforts in low-income countries. There has been a rapid increase in the number and geographic range of case studies reporting outcomes of low-carbon development projects, while a limited number of complementary analytical frameworks have also been produced to enable insights to be translated into tangible guidelines and recommendations for policy makers. A particularly important outcome from this body...

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) encompasses cognitive deficits beyond normal aging that minimally impact daily functioning. Uncovering the genetic architecture of MCI, which can progress to Alzheimer's disease in some individuals, may facilitate the development of lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions to minimize cognitive impairment or prevent dementia. We conducted a whole exome sequence study of MCI in 1,144 African American (AA) and 3,358 European American (EA) participants aged...

Climate variability in recent decades has intensified in the SSA region, which makes it imperative to explore adequate adaptation and mitigation strategies to offset its current and future adverse impacts. Farmers' perception of climate variability can significantly influence their coping, mitigation, and adaptation potential. This study assessed farmers' perceptions of indicators and consequences of climate variability and explored factors influencing their perception of climate variability...

The main aim of this paper was to test and examine the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis using time-series data (1990–2020). Deforestation was used as a dependent variable signifying environmental degradation. Energy consumption, economic growth, population growth, and trade openness were used as independent variables. The objectives were threefold: to understand the nexus between the independent variables and deforestation; inform policy responses on forestry...

Abstract This paper discusses how the activities during which people gather to create, perform, and transmit imbalu circumcision music and dance at Namasho Cultural Site (NCS) become a platform for the Bagisu of the Balutseshe clan to tutor boys about society’s gender ideology, social histories, and rituals of the sacred swamp, thus turning the place into a communal classroom for imparting this knowledge. Due to the changing context of contemporary Bagisu, I argue for efforts to archive...

Over time, there have been innovations and creations that have contributed to changing human civilization and developing its path for the better, and the technological invasion has continued at all levels, including: the field of media and communication, which dominated the world and became one of the main drivers of societies, especially after the emergence of what is known as the new media in various Its networks and websites, which have played a major role in social upbringing, affect and...

The prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors in Ethiopians necessitates availability of a valid questionnaire tool to screen for this disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the factor structure, its stability, and psychometric measures of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale GAD-7) in Ethiopian university students. A cross-sectional study with random sampling was carried out in students (n = 354, age = 21.79 ± 4.49) attending Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia. The GAD-7,...

ABSTRACT Environmental experts have expressed concern that e-waste is growing faster than recycling or reusing initiatives. Universities from developing countries often import used electronic and electrical equipment to improve student's access to technology. Lack of explicit action plans on handling e-waste and the absence of infrastructure in developing countries are significant challenges. The study examines students' awareness and attitudinal disposition to e-waste management practices...

In low-income country agriculture, there is frequently limited information about the comparative effectiveness of alternative extension modalities for delivering information on new farming methods. This paper analyzes the impact of community-embedded farmer education programs on the adoption of conservation farming. A multinomial choice model is applied on survey data from Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania to estimate the relative risk ratios (RRR), a measure of the probability of...

Purpose: Identifying factors related to low-back pain (LBP) can facilitate its management. However, information on how physical activity (PA) level, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and anthropometric characteristics are related to LBP-associated health indices in individuals with chronic LBP (CLBP) is scarce. This study explored how PA level, HRQoL and anthropometric indices are related to CLBP-related disability in a Nigerian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved...

• A package of interventions including school management training and distribution of math workbooks improved math learning in Niger. • We investigated the impact of scaled-up interventions using data from a three-round survey. • The average impact for 4th grade students on math learning outcomes is estimated to be 0.36 to 0.38 standard deviations. • The impact on math learning is larger for students with lower baseline scores. Throughout the world approximately 380 million children of...