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This paper examines how education subsidy to basic schools has affected school enrollment in rural Ghana. The quest to achieve Universal Primary Education led to the introduction of the Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education policy in the mid-1990s, abolishing all fees in basic schools. The question then is, to what extent have those spending increases been effective in reaching poorest households? Combining the willingness-to-pay literature with benefit incidence analysis, the results...

<b>Background:</b> Cancellation of cases on the scheduled day of surgery leads to inefficient utilization of operating theater space, waste of valuable workforce, and scarce resources for patients and hospitals.<br> <b>Objectives:</b> The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and reasons for cancellations of elective surgical procedures done at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano.<br> <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was...

In many African countries, the post-colonial period has been characterized by the urge to implement a new educational policy. Since the 1980’s, many have begun reformulating their own curricula. Yet, the influence of the French and Belgian curricula in French-speaking Africa has survived long after the independence of these countries, not only in terms of content but also in terms of the official teaching language.

Background: Since its establishment in 2005, the national university -Sudan (NUSU) has adopted problem- based learning (PBL) as an educational strategy and a teaching method. The increasing number of student's intake every year and the turnover of staff had affected the way PBL sessions were conducted. Therefore, in 2014 a task-force was formed by the faculty of medicine to address the issue. Objectives: to investigate the status of PBL in the faculty of medicine and propose required...

Induction of labor (IOL) is an artificial initiation of labor before its spontaneous onset for the purpose of delivery of the fetoplacental unit. Many factors are associated with its success in postdatism.To compare the induction delivery intervals using transcervical Foley catheter plus oxytocin and vaginal misoprostol, and to identify the factors associated with successful induction among postdate singleton multiparae.The study was a prospective randomized controlled trial of singleton...

Background: Episiotomy continues to be increasingly performed in our labor wards despite current scientific evidence restricting its use. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, indications, and establish reference point for future studies on episiotomy in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.Patients and Methods: This was a 3-year retrospective study of vaginal deliveries in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, from January, 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012. The parturients who had...

This exploratory study aimed to draw attention to the plight of young people who contemplate to use drugs in order to cope with emotional distress. The study was entrenched within the Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behaviour, based on which it was assumed that contemplation to use drugs could lead to actual drug use. Data were collected from a sample of 249 undergraduate students (65.4% female;  mean age = 20.12 years, SD = 2.02). Contemplation to use drugs was measured through a...

The purpose of this study was to investigate African American high school students with high incidence disabilities who academically successful. This article tells their story, how they overcame obstacles to reach their academic potential. It includes a discussion of* the overrepresentation of minorities in special education,* African Americans and special education,* teacher beliefs and expectations,* parent and family involvement,* student perceptions, and* a description of the study and...

This study investigated the effects of testwiseness training in Mathematics on adolescent secondary school students’ test anxiety The research study adopted for the study was an experimental research that involved pre-test, posttest and control groups design. One hundred and twenty (120) adolescent senior secondary school class three students of Ondo State public secondary schools selected through stratified random sampling technique formed the sample. These participants were randomly...

This study investigated the effects of testwiseness training in Mathematics on adolescent secondary school students’ test anxiety The research study adopted for the study was an experimental research that involved pre-test, posttest and control groups design. One hundred and twenty (120) adolescent senior secondary school class three students of Ondo State public secondary schools selected through stratified random sampling technique formed the sample. These participants were randomly...

Globally, Student-Centered Learning Approach (SCLA) as a pedagogical strategy has become the accepted practice in higher education. This approach to teaching and learning requires that students take responsibility for their own learning, and the teacher only facilitates and guides the students in the learning process. SCLA more often than not builds students' confidence and critical thinking skills. The benefits of SCLA to students have been well documented however there is a dearth of...

The question of sex difference in communication has been a growth industry as scholars have attempted to claim and to counter claim that there are or are not important differences in the ways in which males and females communicate.In this work, an attempt is made to find out if male and female students make requests differently.The study considered the sentence types used by males and females, the levels of formality in request making, the variety of English used, and the politeness of the...

Industrial and chemical pollution constitute the third major (land degradation and urban sanitation are first and second

This study has analyzed the climate variability and meteorological drought events over Limpopo River Basin. The Limpopo Basin is shared by four countries, Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. The total catchment is approximately 408,000 km2. The main governing factor for rainfall patterns in the basin is the movement of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). In this study the drought event has been analyzed using standardized precipitation index (SPI). The SPI quantifies...

Emerging challenges to farming drives farming systems to have three strategies; intensification options optimizing resources and technological innovations, firm diversification orchestrating interdependencies among sectoral boundaries, and transition to new system and trajectories. The intensification in the coffee system is the research supported innovation process to specialize in coffee using new varieties and practices while the second option is diversification to complementary...

Introduction . Despite the fact that adolescence is a window of opportunity to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition, adolescents are the neglected age groups. Hence information regarding the nutritional status of adolescents is lacking making creating and implementing intervention programs difficult. Objective . To assess the prevalence of thinness, stunting, and associated factors among adolescent school girls in Adwa town, Northern Ethiopia. Methods . Data on 814 adolescent...

The study examined factors affecting the academic performance of female students in Mekelle University, Ethiopia. A total of 392 regular undergraduate students were sampled using (i) stratified random sampling-since students stratified into heterogeneous colleges and departments, (ii) proportional sampling method since the number of students differ in all departments, and (iii) simple random sampling to select respondents. Students were ranked from 1-4, whereas: 4= CGPA>=3.75, 3 = CGPA...